Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614699
William H. Solley, B. Whipp
Abstract Thirty-four college men were administered the maximum-dip test during eight consecutive, regularly scheduled physical education class periods. The maximum number of dips possible was measured for continuous, all-out effort and for effort with 5, 7, or 10 sec. of rest between each two dips. Each of these four testing conditions was repeated on the next testing day after original measurement. Coefficients of correlation were computed between maximum-dip performances in the four exercise programs. The degree of relationship became increasingly smaller as the rest period increased in length. More than half of the predictive values of continuous, maximum effort was lost in the program with 10 sec. of rest. Considerable variability was observed in the degree of gain in total dips as rest periods of varying lengths were interjected. The nature of the work load is an important factor in interpreting endurance studies.
{"title":"Effects of Rest Periods of Various Lengths on the Consistency of Maximal Performance on a Muscular Endurance Test","authors":"William H. Solley, B. Whipp","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614699","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thirty-four college men were administered the maximum-dip test during eight consecutive, regularly scheduled physical education class periods. The maximum number of dips possible was measured for continuous, all-out effort and for effort with 5, 7, or 10 sec. of rest between each two dips. Each of these four testing conditions was repeated on the next testing day after original measurement. Coefficients of correlation were computed between maximum-dip performances in the four exercise programs. The degree of relationship became increasingly smaller as the rest period increased in length. More than half of the predictive values of continuous, maximum effort was lost in the program with 10 sec. of rest. Considerable variability was observed in the degree of gain in total dips as rest periods of varying lengths were interjected. The nature of the work load is an important factor in interpreting endurance studies.","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116474394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614690
Falls Hb, Jacob E. Weibers
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of four pre-exercise conditions—cold shower, hot shower, exercise warm-up, and rest—on heart rate and oxygen uptake. Five subjects rode a bicycle ergometer at 1080 kgm/min. for 5 min. Heart rate and O2 uptake during exercise and recovery were measured. Exercise heart rate and recovery oxygen uptake were found to be significantly lower after a cold shower than after the other conditions. There was a significant interaction between subjects and pre-exercise conditions on recovery heart rate.
{"title":"The Effects of Pre-Exercise Conditions on Heart Rate and Oxygen Uptake during Exercise and Recovery","authors":"Falls Hb, Jacob E. Weibers","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614690","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of four pre-exercise conditions—cold shower, hot shower, exercise warm-up, and rest—on heart rate and oxygen uptake. Five subjects rode a bicycle ergometer at 1080 kgm/min. for 5 min. Heart rate and O2 uptake during exercise and recovery were measured. Exercise heart rate and recovery oxygen uptake were found to be significantly lower after a cold shower than after the other conditions. There was a significant interaction between subjects and pre-exercise conditions on recovery heart rate.","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124031840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614704
R. Hinojosa, R. Berger
{"title":"Effect of Variations in Hand Grip on Recorded Dynamometer Back Strength","authors":"R. Hinojosa, R. Berger","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614704","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128471049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614705
R. Berger, A. Sweney
{"title":"Variance and Correlation Coefficients","authors":"R. Berger, A. Sweney","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614705","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114394114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614703
C. Zauner, H. M. Kaplan
Abstract Twelve human subjects were assigned to two groups of equal numbers. One group trained isometrically; the other served as a control. Resting blood samples were taken 1, 3, 5, 7, and 8½ weeks after initiation of training, and 2 and 3 weeks after cessation of training. Blood was examined for coagulation time, hemoglobin concentration, and for erythrocyte, leucocyte, and platelet counts. Packed cell volumes were determined before and after training. Scores indicative of muscular strength were recorded throughout training. Isometric training may have produced a chronic decrease in coagulation time; it had no effect on hemoglobin concentration or on erythrocyte, leucocyte, and platelet counts. Increases in scores indicative of muscular strength were statistically significant (1 percent level of probability).
{"title":"Hematologic Changes in Man Resulting from a Regimen of Isometric Exercise","authors":"C. Zauner, H. M. Kaplan","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614703","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Twelve human subjects were assigned to two groups of equal numbers. One group trained isometrically; the other served as a control. Resting blood samples were taken 1, 3, 5, 7, and 8½ weeks after initiation of training, and 2 and 3 weeks after cessation of training. Blood was examined for coagulation time, hemoglobin concentration, and for erythrocyte, leucocyte, and platelet counts. Packed cell volumes were determined before and after training. Scores indicative of muscular strength were recorded throughout training. Isometric training may have produced a chronic decrease in coagulation time; it had no effect on hemoglobin concentration or on erythrocyte, leucocyte, and platelet counts. Increases in scores indicative of muscular strength were statistically significant (1 percent level of probability).","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114518337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614694
R. Koss
Abstract The study drew upon the professional literature to develop criteria for evaluating the program in elementary school physical education. The five areas of philosophy, personnel, curriculum, activities beyond the in-class program, as well as time, space, equipment, and facilities, were used to construct a checklist for surveying programs in 450 selected school districts. The 13 school districts which fulfilled the criteria most fully and the 13 which fulfilled the criteria least fully were located. All 26 districts were visited. Guidelines for improving programs were developed from a study of the critical differences between the districts. Varied programs existed for physical education in elementary schools in New Jersey. They ranged from free-play recess to a formal program, taught by a special teacher in a gymnasium. The findings from the survey and the differences between the two groups of school districts were charted and treated statistically.
{"title":"Guidelines for the improvement of physical education in selected public elementary schools of New Jersey","authors":"R. Koss","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614694","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study drew upon the professional literature to develop criteria for evaluating the program in elementary school physical education. The five areas of philosophy, personnel, curriculum, activities beyond the in-class program, as well as time, space, equipment, and facilities, were used to construct a checklist for surveying programs in 450 selected school districts. The 13 school districts which fulfilled the criteria most fully and the 13 which fulfilled the criteria least fully were located. All 26 districts were visited. Guidelines for improving programs were developed from a study of the critical differences between the districts. Varied programs existed for physical education in elementary schools in New Jersey. They ranged from free-play recess to a formal program, taught by a special teacher in a gymnasium. The findings from the survey and the differences between the two groups of school districts were charted and treated statistically.","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130031172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614701
E. Trussell
Abstract Forty college women learned a ball juggling task during 27 practice periods (totaling 2,025 trials) spaced over 9 weeks. Learning scores (gains) were moderately reliable (r=.80). They were not significantly related to initial scores. However, appreciable correlations, ranging from .32 to .59, were found between the criterion (performance score on the 27th day) and cumulated learning scores. Prediction of the criterion by multiple correlations employing initial score and the cumulated learning score through the 4th, 6th, 11th, 15th and 19th practice day ranged from R=.76 to R=.96. A two-component exponential equation was effective in describing the form of the learning curve.
{"title":"Prediction of Success in a Motor Skill on the Basis of Early Learning Achievement","authors":"E. Trussell","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614701","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Forty college women learned a ball juggling task during 27 practice periods (totaling 2,025 trials) spaced over 9 weeks. Learning scores (gains) were moderately reliable (r=.80). They were not significantly related to initial scores. However, appreciable correlations, ranging from .32 to .59, were found between the criterion (performance score on the 27th day) and cumulated learning scores. Prediction of the criterion by multiple correlations employing initial score and the cumulated learning score through the 4th, 6th, 11th, 15th and 19th practice day ranged from R=.76 to R=.96. A two-component exponential equation was effective in describing the form of the learning curve.","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132839842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614707
J. Keogh, G. Egstrom, G. Gardner
{"title":"Physical Performance of Peace Corps Trainees","authors":"J. Keogh, G. Egstrom, G. Gardner","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614707","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133505611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614702
H. Whiting, D. E. Stembridge
Abstract Non-swimmers attending any course of instruction can be divided into two categories: those who having received previous instruction are still unable to swim (category 1) and those who have never received previous instruction (category 2). Analysis of the scores on Maudsley Personality Inventories given to university male non-swimmers indicated that students in category 1 had a lower extraversion mean than those in category 2, but results were only significant at the 10 percent level. No significant differences were found in neuroticism scores. Junior M.P.I.'s were given to all 11- and 12-year-old boys in a variety of secondary schools in order to obtain norms for these particular schools. A comparison of the extraversion means for swimmers and persistent non-swimmers at each of these age levels in the combined results of all the schools indicated highly significant differences (P<.01), the non-swimmers being more introverted. Highly significant differences in neuroticism means were found at the 1...
{"title":"Personality and the Persistant Non-swimmer","authors":"H. Whiting, D. E. Stembridge","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614702","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Non-swimmers attending any course of instruction can be divided into two categories: those who having received previous instruction are still unable to swim (category 1) and those who have never received previous instruction (category 2). Analysis of the scores on Maudsley Personality Inventories given to university male non-swimmers indicated that students in category 1 had a lower extraversion mean than those in category 2, but results were only significant at the 10 percent level. No significant differences were found in neuroticism scores. Junior M.P.I.'s were given to all 11- and 12-year-old boys in a variety of secondary schools in order to obtain norms for these particular schools. A comparison of the extraversion means for swimmers and persistent non-swimmers at each of these age levels in the combined results of all the schools indicated highly significant differences (P<.01), the non-swimmers being more introverted. Highly significant differences in neuroticism means were found at the 1...","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114567989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10671188.1965.10614673
J. E. Hewitt
Abstract Since 1935 the Dyer Backboard Tennis Test frequently has been used to classify students in tennis. Studies by Fox and the present writer confirm that the Dyer Tennis Test (Dyer's latest revision with restraining line 5 ft. from the wall) does not discriminate sufficiently at the beginner's level. When comparing beginners and advanced level students in tennis, the Dyer Test discriminates best at the advanced level, probably because this test measures better the advanced skill of volleying. Hewitt revised the Dyer Test by adding a 20 ft. restraining line and had the student serve and use ground strokes behind this line for 30 sec. The subject hit the ball against a brick wall above a 3 ft. net line. Results of the test were correlated with rank order of play ability. In the four beginner classes the relationship between the Hewitt revision and rank order of play was significant at the 1 percent level of confidence. The Hewitt revision was given to two advanced classes, each of 31 students, and resu...
{"title":"Revision of the Dyer Backboard Tennis Test","authors":"J. E. Hewitt","doi":"10.1080/10671188.1965.10614673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1965.10614673","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since 1935 the Dyer Backboard Tennis Test frequently has been used to classify students in tennis. Studies by Fox and the present writer confirm that the Dyer Tennis Test (Dyer's latest revision with restraining line 5 ft. from the wall) does not discriminate sufficiently at the beginner's level. When comparing beginners and advanced level students in tennis, the Dyer Test discriminates best at the advanced level, probably because this test measures better the advanced skill of volleying. Hewitt revised the Dyer Test by adding a 20 ft. restraining line and had the student serve and use ground strokes behind this line for 30 sec. The subject hit the ball against a brick wall above a 3 ft. net line. Results of the test were correlated with rank order of play ability. In the four beginner classes the relationship between the Hewitt revision and rank order of play was significant at the 1 percent level of confidence. The Hewitt revision was given to two advanced classes, each of 31 students, and resu...","PeriodicalId":192960,"journal":{"name":"Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122192823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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