Xiawang Jiang, Shihao Zhang, Minggong Yu, Delin Sun
Ensuring sufficient mechanical performance while enabling lightweight design is critical for utilizing paper sandwich panels in the furniture industry. To design lightweight sandwich panels that balance mechanical properties and cost, this study developed a circular core paper sandwich panel (CCPSP) and investigated its structural efficiency using multi-objective optimization. The response surface method (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design was utilized to establish mathematical models relating the paper tube spacing, inner diameter, and height to the out-of-plane compressive strength, density, and cost. The resulting models effectively revealed the coupled effects of the parameters on the responses. Subsequently, the models were optimized using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) to find the Pareto optimal trade-offs between maximizing compressive strength while minimizing its density and cost. The optimization solution resulted in an optimal set of paper tube geometries that maximized the structural efficiency of CCPSP. Overall, lower tube height conferred superior structural efficiency, while tube spacing and diameter were constrained. The results highlight the potential of CCPSP as an efficient and sustainable material for furniture manufacturing, enabled by multi-objective optimization of its structure.
{"title":"Multi-objective optimization design of a circular core paper sandwich panel","authors":"Xiawang Jiang, Shihao Zhang, Minggong Yu, Delin Sun","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2024-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2024-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring sufficient mechanical performance while enabling lightweight design is critical for utilizing paper sandwich panels in the furniture industry. To design lightweight sandwich panels that balance mechanical properties and cost, this study developed a circular core paper sandwich panel (CCPSP) and investigated its structural efficiency using multi-objective optimization. The response surface method (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design was utilized to establish mathematical models relating the paper tube spacing, inner diameter, and height to the out-of-plane compressive strength, density, and cost. The resulting models effectively revealed the coupled effects of the parameters on the responses. Subsequently, the models were optimized using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) to find the Pareto optimal trade-offs between maximizing compressive strength while minimizing its density and cost. The optimization solution resulted in an optimal set of paper tube geometries that maximized the structural efficiency of CCPSP. Overall, lower tube height conferred superior structural efficiency, while tube spacing and diameter were constrained. The results highlight the potential of CCPSP as an efficient and sustainable material for furniture manufacturing, enabled by multi-objective optimization of its structure.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141776156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zi`ang Xia, Long Wang, Chaojie Li, Xue Li, Jingxue Yang, Baoming Xu, Na Wang, Yao Li, Heng Zhang
A composite silicone emulsion-biomass polymer paper-based barrier coating material with high barrier performance was prepared by double-layer coating, and the material was tested for oil repellency. The composition-structure-property data set of the paper-based barrier materials was constructed based on the experimental data. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was used to construct a prediction model of the coating structure in high-temperature environments to achieve quantitative analysis of the barrier performance in high-temperature environments. The ANFIS prediction model was constructed based on two algorithms, the grid partitioning algorithm and the subtractive clustering algorithm, and the accuracy of the model determined by the two algorithms was compared for training, validation and testing of this experimental data. The results showed that the prediction model of the grid partitioning method had a better fit with the experimental data, with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 7.00383 and a R-squared (R2) of 0.9644 between the model prediction data and the actual data.
{"title":"Quantitative study of thermal barrier models for paper-based barrier materials using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system","authors":"Zi`ang Xia, Long Wang, Chaojie Li, Xue Li, Jingxue Yang, Baoming Xu, Na Wang, Yao Li, Heng Zhang","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2023-0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2023-0072","url":null,"abstract":"A composite silicone emulsion-biomass polymer paper-based barrier coating material with high barrier performance was prepared by double-layer coating, and the material was tested for oil repellency. The composition-structure-property data set of the paper-based barrier materials was constructed based on the experimental data. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was used to construct a prediction model of the coating structure in high-temperature environments to achieve quantitative analysis of the barrier performance in high-temperature environments. The ANFIS prediction model was constructed based on two algorithms, the grid partitioning algorithm and the subtractive clustering algorithm, and the accuracy of the model determined by the two algorithms was compared for training, validation and testing of this experimental data. The results showed that the prediction model of the grid partitioning method had a better fit with the experimental data, with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 7.00383 and a <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>-squared (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup>) of 0.9644 between the model prediction data and the actual data.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ting Wang, Xinyu Zhang, Yefan Wang, Zhihua Guo, Qian Wang, Sheng Liu, Ze Miao, Xiaoyuan Liao, Haitang Liu
This work focuses on the flax sheet which is prepared for wet-laying technique, then investigated the effect of the flax sheet preparation process on the tensile strength of the flax/polypropylene composites. Using hand-laying and hot-pressing methods to prepare composite materials. Then tested tensile strength of composites under different revolutions of fiber disintegration machine, flax content and flax length. The results shown that when the number of revolutions is 25,989 r, the flax content is 7.88 g, and the flax length is 4 mm, the highest tensile strength is 42.0376 MPa, which is 78.88 % stronger than that of pure polypropylene.
{"title":"Effect of flax sheet prepared by wet-laying technology on tensile properties of flax/polypropylene composites","authors":"Ting Wang, Xinyu Zhang, Yefan Wang, Zhihua Guo, Qian Wang, Sheng Liu, Ze Miao, Xiaoyuan Liao, Haitang Liu","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2023-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2023-0050","url":null,"abstract":"This work focuses on the flax sheet which is prepared for wet-laying technique, then investigated the effect of the flax sheet preparation process on the tensile strength of the flax/polypropylene composites. Using hand-laying and hot-pressing methods to prepare composite materials. Then tested tensile strength of composites under different revolutions of fiber disintegration machine, flax content and flax length. The results shown that when the number of revolutions is 25,989 r, the flax content is 7.88 g, and the flax length is 4 mm, the highest tensile strength is 42.0376 MPa, which is 78.88 % stronger than that of pure polypropylene.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acidification is an important factor in the aging of paper literature. Since most of the paper is sized and the surface tension of water is high, it is usually difficult for aqueous phase deacidification agent to penetrate the paper resulting in uneven deacidification. The addition of surfactant can effectively reduce the liquid surface tension and enhance the effect of deacidification with wetting properties improvement. In this paper, polysorbate-80 and polyether-modified trisiloxane surfactants were added to sodium propionate aqueous deacidification agent separately, researching the effect of wettability on the paper literature deacidification by ultrasonic atomization. The results show that SP-TRSE is effective, the maximum enhancement of deacidification agent absorption after adding wetting additives is 238.20 %, the minimum standard deviation of water content and alkali reserve after treatment is 3.87 and 0.005 respectively, the maximum increase in the internal mass fraction of sodium is 0.29 %.
{"title":"Effect of wettability on paper literature deacidification by ultrasonic atomization","authors":"Zhuoyao Ma, Huiming Fan, Yunfei Liao, Baihe Yun, Zehao Wang, Ting Wu, Jianan Liu","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2023-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2023-0079","url":null,"abstract":"Acidification is an important factor in the aging of paper literature. Since most of the paper is sized and the surface tension of water is high, it is usually difficult for aqueous phase deacidification agent to penetrate the paper resulting in uneven deacidification. The addition of surfactant can effectively reduce the liquid surface tension and enhance the effect of deacidification with wetting properties improvement. In this paper, polysorbate-80 and polyether-modified trisiloxane surfactants were added to sodium propionate aqueous deacidification agent separately, researching the effect of wettability on the paper literature deacidification by ultrasonic atomization. The results show that SP-TRSE is effective, the maximum enhancement of deacidification agent absorption after adding wetting additives is 238.20 %, the minimum standard deviation of water content and alkali reserve after treatment is 3.87 and 0.005 respectively, the maximum increase in the internal mass fraction of sodium is 0.29 %.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditional food packaging coated paper is not environmentally friendly, and there have been many studies on oil- and water-resistant paper for food packaging. However, preparing oil- and water-resistant paper that is plastic-free, fluorine-free, and environmentally friendly is still a significant challenge. In this study, oil- and water-resistant paper for food packaging are prepared by layer-by-layer assembly and mixing coating methods. The layer-by-layer assembly coated paper exhibits excellent water resistance (Cobb 60 value of 20.5 g/m2, water contact angle value of 132°). The mixed coated paper not only has good water resistance (Cobb 60 value of 27.1 g/m2, water contact angle value of 131°), but also has excellent oil resistance (kit rating value of 8/12). The oil-resistant and waterproof mechanism of the coated paper is confirmed through scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the mechanical performance and coating adhesion of the mixed coated paper are the best, with an increase in the tensile index of 73.1 %. This study provides a feasible strategy for preparing biodegradable, plastic-free, and fluorine-free food packaging oil- and water-resistant paper, which is beneficial for reducing plastic pollution.
{"title":"Plastic-free, oil- and water-resistant paper for food packing","authors":"Peiyi Li, Xinyao Zhou, Boxing Jian, Miaomiao Zhou, Ruiyan Liu, Bolong Sun, Xinping Li, Yun Wang, Bingyao Zhou","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2024-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2024-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional food packaging coated paper is not environmentally friendly, and there have been many studies on oil- and water-resistant paper for food packaging. However, preparing oil- and water-resistant paper that is plastic-free, fluorine-free, and environmentally friendly is still a significant challenge. In this study, oil- and water-resistant paper for food packaging are prepared by layer-by-layer assembly and mixing coating methods. The layer-by-layer assembly coated paper exhibits excellent water resistance (Cobb 60 value of 20.5 g/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>, water contact angle value of 132°). The mixed coated paper not only has good water resistance (Cobb 60 value of 27.1 g/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>, water contact angle value of 131°), but also has excellent oil resistance (kit rating value of 8/12). The oil-resistant and waterproof mechanism of the coated paper is confirmed through scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the mechanical performance and coating adhesion of the mixed coated paper are the best, with an increase in the tensile index of 73.1 %. This study provides a feasible strategy for preparing biodegradable, plastic-free, and fluorine-free food packaging oil- and water-resistant paper, which is beneficial for reducing plastic pollution.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the role of secondary condensates in the pulp and paper industry’s journey to minimize its water footprint. The integration of secondary condensates, traditionally less explored in bleaching processes, is examined for its potential in reducing freshwater demand. Condensates with different organic content (chemical oxygen demand, COD) and their mixtures were tested as washing liquid after the alkaline extraction stage (EP) of eucalyptus globulus kraft pulp and compared to hot water. Two subsequent chlorine dioxide stages were applied to evaluate the impact of the washing liquid COD on pulp properties and chemicals consumption. Despite its higher organic content, the condensates can be used as a partial or total substitute for hot water without substantial compromises in the pulp properties, such as brightness, reversion, and viscosity. The calculated correlation between ClO2 consumption and COD in the washing liquid can be applied for assessing economic and environmental trade-offs, providing a roadmap for optimizing processes and reducing environmental impacts.
{"title":"Use of secondary condensates from evaporation as washing liquid in kraft pulp bleaching","authors":"Isabel S.S. Pinto, Bebiana Costa, Inês Portugal","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the role of secondary condensates in the pulp and paper industry’s journey to minimize its water footprint. The integration of secondary condensates, traditionally less explored in bleaching processes, is examined for its potential in reducing freshwater demand. Condensates with different organic content (chemical oxygen demand, COD) and their mixtures were tested as washing liquid after the alkaline extraction stage (<jats:italic>E</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> </jats:sub>) of <jats:italic>eucalyptus globulus</jats:italic> kraft pulp and compared to hot water. Two subsequent chlorine dioxide stages were applied to evaluate the impact of the washing liquid COD on pulp properties and chemicals consumption. Despite its higher organic content, the condensates can be used as a partial or total substitute for hot water without substantial compromises in the pulp properties, such as brightness, reversion, and viscosity. The calculated correlation between ClO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> consumption and COD in the washing liquid can be applied for assessing economic and environmental trade-offs, providing a roadmap for optimizing processes and reducing environmental impacts.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iara Fontes Demuner, Fernando José Borges Gomes, Marcela Ribeiro Coura, Antonio Jacinto Demuner, Ana Márcia Macedo Ladeira Carvalho, Diana Catalina Cubides-Román, Larisse Aparecida Ribas Batalha, Rosane Nora Castro
Utilizing kraft technical lignin to produce value-added products is one of the obstacles associated with kraft mill work as an operational biorefinery. The objective of this work was to evaluate chemical modification in eucalypt kraft lignin after heat treatment of black liquor. To prove possible structural changes, advanced analytical tools were used, such as pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D NMR). Kraft lignins extracted from heat-treated liquors compared with the untreated liquors showed a high total lignin content, varying between 96.4 and 98.3 %, and a lower content of sugars and ash. Py-GC/MS, FTIR and 2D NMR analyses showed interesting modification on the lignin structure, such as a reduction in S-type and G-type lignin and an increase in H-type and Ca-type lignin with heat treatment of the black liquor. The heat treatment of the black liquor proved to be efficient in the chemical modification of the extracted kraft lignins. Demethylation and demethoxylation reactions occurred and they generated kraft lignin with free phenolic groups and that were rich in catechol groups.
利用牛皮纸技术木质素生产高附加值产品是牛皮纸厂作为生物精炼厂运营的障碍之一。这项工作的目的是评估黑液热处理后桉树牛皮纸木质素的化学改性。为了证明可能发生的结构变化，我们使用了先进的分析工具，如热解耦合气相色谱和质谱（Py-GC/MS）、傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和二维核磁共振光谱（2D NMR）。与未经处理的液体相比，从热处理液体中提取的牛皮纸木质素显示出较高的总木质素含量（介于 96.4% 和 98.3% 之间），以及较低的糖分和灰分含量。Py-GC/MS、傅立叶变换红外光谱和二维核磁共振分析表明，黑液经热处理后，木质素结构发生了有趣的变化，如 S 型和 G 型木质素减少，H 型和 Ca 型木质素增加。事实证明，黑液热处理能有效地对提取的牛皮纸木质素进行化学改性。发生了脱甲基化和脱甲氧基化反应，生成了具有游离酚基和富含邻苯二酚基的牛皮纸木质素。
{"title":"Chemical modification of kraft lignin using black liquor heat treatment","authors":"Iara Fontes Demuner, Fernando José Borges Gomes, Marcela Ribeiro Coura, Antonio Jacinto Demuner, Ana Márcia Macedo Ladeira Carvalho, Diana Catalina Cubides-Román, Larisse Aparecida Ribas Batalha, Rosane Nora Castro","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2023-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2023-0091","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing kraft technical lignin to produce value-added products is one of the obstacles associated with kraft mill work as an operational biorefinery. The objective of this work was to evaluate chemical modification in eucalypt kraft lignin after heat treatment of black liquor. To prove possible structural changes, advanced analytical tools were used, such as pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D NMR). Kraft lignins extracted from heat-treated liquors compared with the untreated liquors showed a high total lignin content, varying between 96.4 and 98.3 %, and a lower content of sugars and ash. Py-GC/MS, FTIR and 2D NMR analyses showed interesting modification on the lignin structure, such as a reduction in S-type and G-type lignin and an increase in H-type and Ca-type lignin with heat treatment of the black liquor. The heat treatment of the black liquor proved to be efficient in the chemical modification of the extracted kraft lignins. Demethylation and demethoxylation reactions occurred and they generated kraft lignin with free phenolic groups and that were rich in catechol groups.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a cultural carrier of historical inheritance, paper has high cultural, historical and scientific research value. But with the passage of time and the change of the environment, many paper are aging and damaged. In order to protect the paper, CMC-β-CD composite material for paper protection was synthesized by carboxymethyl cellulose as substrate, epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking agent, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as catalyst and solvent, and water as medium, β-cyclodextrin as grafter. Through single factor experiment, the synthetic condition was obtained. The structure of the synthesized materials was characterized by infrared spectroscopy; CMC-β-CD was applied to paper reinforcement. The effects of solution concentration on the tensile strength, tearing degree, folding times, whiteness and gloss of paper were tested, and the suitable conditions for coating paper were found. The results show that the mass concentration of 2 % CMC-β-CD is coated on paper, its mechanical properties are greatly improved, the gloss is slightly increased, and the whiteness is basically unchanged, which is in line with the principle of “repairing the old as the old”.
{"title":"Preparation and application in the paper protection of carboxymethyl cellulose grafted with β-cyclodextrin","authors":"Yuxuan Li, Xiaoshuang Chen, Hua Li, Dandan Li","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2023-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2023-0057","url":null,"abstract":"As a cultural carrier of historical inheritance, paper has high cultural, historical and scientific research value. But with the passage of time and the change of the environment, many paper are aging and damaged. In order to protect the paper, CMC-β-CD composite material for paper protection was synthesized by carboxymethyl cellulose as substrate, epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking agent, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as catalyst and solvent, and water as medium, β-cyclodextrin as grafter. Through single factor experiment, the synthetic condition was obtained. The structure of the synthesized materials was characterized by infrared spectroscopy; CMC-β-CD was applied to paper reinforcement. The effects of solution concentration on the tensile strength, tearing degree, folding times, whiteness and gloss of paper were tested, and the suitable conditions for coating paper were found. The results show that the mass concentration of 2 % CMC-β-CD is coated on paper, its mechanical properties are greatly improved, the gloss is slightly increased, and the whiteness is basically unchanged, which is in line with the principle of “repairing the old as the old”.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The key parameter in the printing process is the evenness of applying the ink layer on the printing substrate. It determines the quality of the produced prints. One of the many factors affecting the final evenness of the ink layer on the print is the phenomenon of mottling, which is caused by the non-uniform internal structure of the paper. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of basic printing parameters on the value of the mottling index. The research showed a significant effect of the pressure in the printing unit of the offset machine and the thickness of the ink layer on the printing substrate on the value of the primary mottling index. In addition, the research revealed that the properties of the printing substrate have a significant impact on the value and nature of changes in the mottling index. In this work, using the Fourier analysis, the frequency of optical density fluctuations in solid tone area related to the mottling phenomenon was also studied. No influence of pressure changes in the Nip of the printing unit on this print parameter was found.
{"title":"Influence of selected sheet-fed offset printing conditions on primary mottling","authors":"Jan Kowalczyk","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2024-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2024-0009","url":null,"abstract":"The key parameter in the printing process is the evenness of applying the ink layer on the printing substrate. It determines the quality of the produced prints. One of the many factors affecting the final evenness of the ink layer on the print is the phenomenon of mottling, which is caused by the non-uniform internal structure of the paper. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of basic printing parameters on the value of the mottling index. The research showed a significant effect of the pressure in the printing unit of the offset machine and the thickness of the ink layer on the printing substrate on the value of the primary mottling index. In addition, the research revealed that the properties of the printing substrate have a significant impact on the value and nature of changes in the mottling index. In this work, using the Fourier analysis, the frequency of optical density fluctuations in solid tone area related to the mottling phenomenon was also studied. No influence of pressure changes in the Nip of the printing unit on this print parameter was found.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141197527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric Desnoes, Pascale Deshaies, Benoit Bideau, Jorge Rubiano
Plastic recycling, waste minimization such as process outfall valorization promotes a circular economy. Herein, food trays have been produced in the moulded pulp thermoforming process. To this end, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) outfall has been dispersed in water via Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) addition in a Northern Bleached Softwood Kraft Pulp (NBSKP) slurry. Samples physical and mechanical properties have been evaluated. With an increasing HDPE content, parts air permeability was drastically reduced to a minimum of 2.4 ± 0.8 mL min−1. In addition, water and grease hold out properties have been increased with minimum water Cobb1800 value of 10.9 ± 5.4 gm−2 and oil Cobb1800 value of 13.18 ± 6.5 gm−2. Samples with high HDPE content demonstrated hydrophobic surface with water contact angle value above 90°. HDPE melting and binding to wood pulp fibers was monitored by SEM images. Regarding the mechanical properties, HDPE induced plastic deformation with a reduced Young modulus by 17 %. Moreover, the addition of HDPE increased wet strength by 81 %. However, the produced food tray composites with high HDPE content demonstrated low repulpability index.
{"title":"Thermoformed products from high-density polyethylene and Softwood kraft pulp","authors":"Eric Desnoes, Pascale Deshaies, Benoit Bideau, Jorge Rubiano","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2023-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2023-0067","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic recycling, waste minimization such as process outfall valorization promotes a circular economy. Herein, food trays have been produced in the moulded pulp thermoforming process. To this end, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) outfall has been dispersed in water via Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) addition in a Northern Bleached Softwood Kraft Pulp (NBSKP) slurry. Samples physical and mechanical properties have been evaluated. With an increasing HDPE content, parts air permeability was drastically reduced to a minimum of 2.4 ± 0.8 mL min<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. In addition, water and grease hold out properties have been increased with minimum water Cobb<jats:sub>1800</jats:sub> value of 10.9 ± 5.4 gm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> and oil Cobb<jats:sub>1800</jats:sub> value of 13.18 ± 6.5 gm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>. Samples with high HDPE content demonstrated hydrophobic surface with water contact angle value above 90°. HDPE melting and binding to wood pulp fibers was monitored by SEM images. Regarding the mechanical properties, HDPE induced plastic deformation with a reduced Young modulus by 17 %. Moreover, the addition of HDPE increased wet strength by 81 %. However, the produced food tray composites with high HDPE content demonstrated low repulpability index.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141173069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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