Qanytah, Khaswar Syamsu, F. Fahma, G. Pari, Indrie Ambarsari
Abstract The use of activated carbon with KMnO4 activators incorporated on the paper matrix is carried out in this research. Three methods of activated carbon incorporation on paper are carried out to evaluate the paper’s physical parameters and adsorption ability to ethylene. The paper’s physical parameters include grammage, bursting strength, Ring Crush Test (RCT), moisture content, water absorption (Cobb60), and paper microstructures using SEM. Evaluation of the performance of activated carbon paper nanopores as ethylene adsorbent is conducted using GC. The treatment of activated carbon nanopores on non-wood paper causes grammage to increase, but RCT and paper bursting strength decrease. The incorporation of nanopore-activated carbon by the mixing method has produced papers with activated carbon particles spread evenly inside the pulp fibers of the paper. Activated carbon paper with the best adsorption capacity is bamboo+KMnO4&mixing with an adsorption capacity of 1,348 ppm and ethylene amount of 88.58 %. Concentration equilibrium is reached in the 25th minute. The non-linear pseudo-first-order absorbent kinetics model is an appropriate model to describe the equilibrium capacity of ethylene entrant (qe) by nanopore-activated carbon paper with the equation: qt = 1.35734 ( 1 − exp − 0.15312 t ) mathrm{qt}=1.35734hspace{0.1667em}(1-{exp ^{-0.15312hspace{0.1667em}mathrm{t}}}) , with R 2 = 0.9981 {mathrm{R}^{2}}=0.9981 .
{"title":"Activated carbon paper as ethylene adsorber","authors":"Qanytah, Khaswar Syamsu, F. Fahma, G. Pari, Indrie Ambarsari","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0082","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of activated carbon with KMnO4 activators incorporated on the paper matrix is carried out in this research. Three methods of activated carbon incorporation on paper are carried out to evaluate the paper’s physical parameters and adsorption ability to ethylene. The paper’s physical parameters include grammage, bursting strength, Ring Crush Test (RCT), moisture content, water absorption (Cobb60), and paper microstructures using SEM. Evaluation of the performance of activated carbon paper nanopores as ethylene adsorbent is conducted using GC. The treatment of activated carbon nanopores on non-wood paper causes grammage to increase, but RCT and paper bursting strength decrease. The incorporation of nanopore-activated carbon by the mixing method has produced papers with activated carbon particles spread evenly inside the pulp fibers of the paper. Activated carbon paper with the best adsorption capacity is bamboo+KMnO4&mixing with an adsorption capacity of 1,348 ppm and ethylene amount of 88.58 %. Concentration equilibrium is reached in the 25th minute. The non-linear pseudo-first-order absorbent kinetics model is an appropriate model to describe the equilibrium capacity of ethylene entrant (qe) by nanopore-activated carbon paper with the equation: qt = 1.35734 ( 1 − exp − 0.15312 t ) mathrm{qt}=1.35734hspace{0.1667em}(1-{exp ^{-0.15312hspace{0.1667em}mathrm{t}}}) , with R 2 = 0.9981 {mathrm{R}^{2}}=0.9981 .","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"121 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47143319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Especially in the field of paper and print post-processing on an industrial scale, continuous cutting operations generate paper dust. Despite preventive measures like dedusting units, a high paper web velocity induces the release of particulate dust. As a result, the particles settle and accumulate on machine components and in the surrounding area. Resuspended particles around a potential ignition source represent a fire hazard. The prevention of such fire incidents requires frequent servicing and maintenance. However, the shutdown time on industrial scale applications remains cost-intensive. In this research, a cutting plotter executes reproducible knife edge cutting sequences to identify significant parameters affecting the paper dust formation on a macro and micro scale. For this purpose, an extraction system collects the exposed particles along the cutting line. The applied methods include gravimetric determination of the dust mass and dynamic image analysis to characterise particle size and shape. Final results indicate a significant influence of the blade wear condition.
{"title":"Experimental investigation into paper dust formation during knife edge cutting on a laboratory scale","authors":"Johannes Lunewski, E. Schmidt","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0070","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Especially in the field of paper and print post-processing on an industrial scale, continuous cutting operations generate paper dust. Despite preventive measures like dedusting units, a high paper web velocity induces the release of particulate dust. As a result, the particles settle and accumulate on machine components and in the surrounding area. Resuspended particles around a potential ignition source represent a fire hazard. The prevention of such fire incidents requires frequent servicing and maintenance. However, the shutdown time on industrial scale applications remains cost-intensive. In this research, a cutting plotter executes reproducible knife edge cutting sequences to identify significant parameters affecting the paper dust formation on a macro and micro scale. For this purpose, an extraction system collects the exposed particles along the cutting line. The applied methods include gravimetric determination of the dust mass and dynamic image analysis to characterise particle size and shape. Final results indicate a significant influence of the blade wear condition.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"59 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44763766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deli Zeng, Hui-ming Fan, Shan-Shan Huang, Fengyu Li, Yunfei Liao, Ge Ge, Jian-an Liu
Abstract Due to the complex storage environment, paper documents will suffer different degrees of damage during storage. Studying the aging behavior of paper after strengthening treatment is an important aspect of evaluate the effect of strengthening agent treatment. In this paper, the aging resistance properties of base paper, APTES, AEAPMDMS, and APTES/AEAPMDMS reinforced samples after dry heat aging and moist heat aging were studied. The results show that in the early stage of aging, the amorphous region of the fiber is mainly degraded gradually. With the passage of time, the crystalline region of cellulose is also degraded continuously, and the crystalline region of cellulose is degraded more significantly during moist heat aging. Compared with the base paper, the AAAS reinforced paper sample can significantly slow down the aging and degradation of the paper sample and has better aging resistance.
{"title":"Study on aging resistance of AAAS grafted in situ on paper documents","authors":"Deli Zeng, Hui-ming Fan, Shan-Shan Huang, Fengyu Li, Yunfei Liao, Ge Ge, Jian-an Liu","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0085","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Due to the complex storage environment, paper documents will suffer different degrees of damage during storage. Studying the aging behavior of paper after strengthening treatment is an important aspect of evaluate the effect of strengthening agent treatment. In this paper, the aging resistance properties of base paper, APTES, AEAPMDMS, and APTES/AEAPMDMS reinforced samples after dry heat aging and moist heat aging were studied. The results show that in the early stage of aging, the amorphous region of the fiber is mainly degraded gradually. With the passage of time, the crystalline region of cellulose is also degraded continuously, and the crystalline region of cellulose is degraded more significantly during moist heat aging. Compared with the base paper, the AAAS reinforced paper sample can significantly slow down the aging and degradation of the paper sample and has better aging resistance.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"99 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43722619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A novel paper multifunctional protective solution was prepared by mixing berberine modified trimethoprimed carboxymethyl cellulose (TMP-DCMC-BBR), KH-791 modified nano-SiO2 (KH791-SiO2) and hydroxypropyl starch phosphate (HPDSP), and the mechanical properties, optical properties, antibacterial properties, aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance of the paper coated with the protective solution were investigated. It is shown that the paper coated with the multifunctional protective liquid showed good mechanical properties, and has little influence on optical properties of the paper. At the same time, it had good antibacterial properties, aging resistance and acid and alkali corrosion resistance, and there is no obvious change in paper appearance, no decolorization and ink diffusion, which is in line with the principle of “repairing the old as the old and keeping the original appearance”. Moreover, the compound solution has certain reversibility and can absorb a certain degree of ultraviolet rays, so as to weaken the damage of ultraviolet rays to the paper. It is an ideal multifunctional protective liquid for paper and has broad application prospects in paper protection.
{"title":"Application of TMP-DCMC-BBR/KH-791-SiO2/HPDSP multifunctional protective fluid in paper protection","authors":"Hui-Fen Shi, Zhen Chen, Yingping Qi, Hua Li","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0056","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A novel paper multifunctional protective solution was prepared by mixing berberine modified trimethoprimed carboxymethyl cellulose (TMP-DCMC-BBR), KH-791 modified nano-SiO2 (KH791-SiO2) and hydroxypropyl starch phosphate (HPDSP), and the mechanical properties, optical properties, antibacterial properties, aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance of the paper coated with the protective solution were investigated. It is shown that the paper coated with the multifunctional protective liquid showed good mechanical properties, and has little influence on optical properties of the paper. At the same time, it had good antibacterial properties, aging resistance and acid and alkali corrosion resistance, and there is no obvious change in paper appearance, no decolorization and ink diffusion, which is in line with the principle of “repairing the old as the old and keeping the original appearance”. Moreover, the compound solution has certain reversibility and can absorb a certain degree of ultraviolet rays, so as to weaken the damage of ultraviolet rays to the paper. It is an ideal multifunctional protective liquid for paper and has broad application prospects in paper protection.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"87 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47286650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ying Gao, Yajie Li, Z. Ji, Cunsheng Zhang, G. Lu, Ren Liu
Abstract Coated paperboard not only has the advantages of traditional paper such as low density and cleanliness, but also overcomes its disadvantages such as poor barrier performance and sensitivity to moisture. It is more and more widely used in forming packaging containers. The current research on mechanical performance and inelastic deformation of paperboard mainly focus on its physical properties and simplified single-blank forming, but the studies on the forming limit diagram (FLD) of paperboard are relatively rare. In this paper, Nakajima tests have been carried out to determine the FLD curves of the polyethylene-coated paperboard blank along the machine direction, cross direction, and diagonal direction. A laminated stamping method for multi-blank is proposed and investigated by experiment and numerical simulation. Up to 5 blanks can be overlapped and stamped in a single punch stroke, and 5 bowl-shaped packaging containers can be formed simultaneously. Compared with the single-blank stamping process, the production efficiency can be greatly improved, but the flange area of the forming parts is easier to wrinkle. However, the wrinkling risk can still be controlled by optimizing the process parameters, such as friction factor and blank holder gap.
{"title":"A study on forming limit diagram and laminated stamping of paperboard","authors":"Ying Gao, Yajie Li, Z. Ji, Cunsheng Zhang, G. Lu, Ren Liu","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Coated paperboard not only has the advantages of traditional paper such as low density and cleanliness, but also overcomes its disadvantages such as poor barrier performance and sensitivity to moisture. It is more and more widely used in forming packaging containers. The current research on mechanical performance and inelastic deformation of paperboard mainly focus on its physical properties and simplified single-blank forming, but the studies on the forming limit diagram (FLD) of paperboard are relatively rare. In this paper, Nakajima tests have been carried out to determine the FLD curves of the polyethylene-coated paperboard blank along the machine direction, cross direction, and diagonal direction. A laminated stamping method for multi-blank is proposed and investigated by experiment and numerical simulation. Up to 5 blanks can be overlapped and stamped in a single punch stroke, and 5 bowl-shaped packaging containers can be formed simultaneously. Compared with the single-blank stamping process, the production efficiency can be greatly improved, but the flange area of the forming parts is easier to wrinkle. However, the wrinkling risk can still be controlled by optimizing the process parameters, such as friction factor and blank holder gap.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"157 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48307024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Roberto Rosado Corrêa Filho, C. M. Silva, Daiane Cristina Diniz Caldeira, Leandro Coelho Dalvi, Deyvisson Araújo Nascimento, Rodrigo Silva Leite, Marcus Vinicius Gomes Veloso, Luewton Lemos Felício Agostinho, Gleb Timbalari, H. Cappon, Zenilde das Graças Guimarães Viola, Marina Andrada Maria
Abstract The pulp industry is a high natural resources consumer and has a large polluting potential. The pulping sector with the most effluent generation is the bleaching plant. Based on the need of water consumption reduction, this research aimed to evaluate the treatment of the alkaline effluent from an EP-stage bleaching plant and the white water from drying machine using ultrafiltration membranes in order to enable the reuse of the permeate in the process. An ultrafiltration pilot plant was used. Laboratory analyses were performed for the feed, permeate and retentate. Flux and transmembrane pressure (TMP) data were obtained from the pilot plant database. There were an average color and COD removals of 38 % and 39 %, respectively, for the EP-effluent and 58 % and 67 %, respectively for the white water; and a high turbidity and TSS removal (above 98 %) for both effluents. Substantial metals removal such as sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium and manganese was achieved. Some possibilities to reuse were considered: return to the water treatment plant, cooling of the digester bottom, equipment cooling, reuse in evaporation surface condensers. The use of ultrafiltration for the treatment of the alkaline effluent from the bleaching EP-stage and white water can be an interesting option.
{"title":"Ultrafiltration and reuse opportunities of sectorial effluents from a kraft pulp mill in Brazil","authors":"José Roberto Rosado Corrêa Filho, C. M. Silva, Daiane Cristina Diniz Caldeira, Leandro Coelho Dalvi, Deyvisson Araújo Nascimento, Rodrigo Silva Leite, Marcus Vinicius Gomes Veloso, Luewton Lemos Felício Agostinho, Gleb Timbalari, H. Cappon, Zenilde das Graças Guimarães Viola, Marina Andrada Maria","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The pulp industry is a high natural resources consumer and has a large polluting potential. The pulping sector with the most effluent generation is the bleaching plant. Based on the need of water consumption reduction, this research aimed to evaluate the treatment of the alkaline effluent from an EP-stage bleaching plant and the white water from drying machine using ultrafiltration membranes in order to enable the reuse of the permeate in the process. An ultrafiltration pilot plant was used. Laboratory analyses were performed for the feed, permeate and retentate. Flux and transmembrane pressure (TMP) data were obtained from the pilot plant database. There were an average color and COD removals of 38 % and 39 %, respectively, for the EP-effluent and 58 % and 67 %, respectively for the white water; and a high turbidity and TSS removal (above 98 %) for both effluents. Substantial metals removal such as sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium and manganese was achieved. Some possibilities to reuse were considered: return to the water treatment plant, cooling of the digester bottom, equipment cooling, reuse in evaporation surface condensers. The use of ultrafiltration for the treatment of the alkaline effluent from the bleaching EP-stage and white water can be an interesting option.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"171 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41475836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pär A. Lindén, M. Lindström, M. Lawoko, G. Henriksson
Abstract Although organosolv processes using high-boiling solvents have been investigated in recent decades for developing novel industrial processes, there are potential benefits of using high-boiling point solvents for traditional sulphate-based cooking processes, both from an industrial perspective and from a laboratory perspective. Using high-boiling solvents, experiments can be done under atmospheric conditions, thus making it easier to continually monitor laboratory experiments and extracting aliquots at desired intervals. Using such a system, alkaline consumption was monitored during impregnation of spruce chips in glycerol media using chemical charges of 1 M NaOH and 0.1 M NaHS, i. e., kraft pulping conditions, and compared to a similar investigation of alkaline consumption in water media using steel autoclaves. The resulting data was fitted to a first order kinetic model, with an apparent activation energy of 22 kJ mol−1 in glycerol media. Finally, a “normal quality pulp” of kappa number 28 and a viscosity of 1113 ml g−1 was successful produced using a cooking process with an impregnation step at 140 °C for 3 h and a cooking step at 160 °C for 4 h. A nuclear magnetic resonance study on the dissolved lignin produced for said experiment showed characteristics typical of other kraft lignins.
尽管近几十年来人们一直在研究使用高沸点溶剂的有机溶剂工艺，以开发新的工业工艺，但从工业和实验室的角度来看，在传统的硫酸盐基烹饪工艺中使用高沸点溶剂有潜在的好处。使用高沸点溶剂，实验可以在常压条件下进行，从而更容易连续监测实验室实验和按所需间隔提取等分。使用该系统，在甘油介质中使用1 M NaOH和0.1 M NaHS的化学电荷浸渍云杉片期间，监测了碱消耗。，硫酸盐制浆条件，并比较了类似的调查碱性消耗在水介质使用钢高压灭菌器。所得数据符合一级动力学模型，在甘油介质中的表观活化能为22 kJ mol−1。最后，采用浸渍步骤在140°C下浸渍3小时，蒸煮步骤在160°C下蒸煮4小时的蒸煮过程，成功地生产出kappa值为28，粘度为1113 ml g - 1的“正常质量纸浆”。核磁共振研究表明，该实验制备的溶解木质素具有其他硫酸盐木质素的典型特征。
{"title":"Adapting the kraft cooking process in glycerol media. Studies of impregnation kinetics","authors":"Pär A. Lindén, M. Lindström, M. Lawoko, G. Henriksson","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although organosolv processes using high-boiling solvents have been investigated in recent decades for developing novel industrial processes, there are potential benefits of using high-boiling point solvents for traditional sulphate-based cooking processes, both from an industrial perspective and from a laboratory perspective. Using high-boiling solvents, experiments can be done under atmospheric conditions, thus making it easier to continually monitor laboratory experiments and extracting aliquots at desired intervals. Using such a system, alkaline consumption was monitored during impregnation of spruce chips in glycerol media using chemical charges of 1 M NaOH and 0.1 M NaHS, i. e., kraft pulping conditions, and compared to a similar investigation of alkaline consumption in water media using steel autoclaves. The resulting data was fitted to a first order kinetic model, with an apparent activation energy of 22 kJ mol−1 in glycerol media. Finally, a “normal quality pulp” of kappa number 28 and a viscosity of 1113 ml g−1 was successful produced using a cooking process with an impregnation step at 140 °C for 3 h and a cooking step at 160 °C for 4 h. A nuclear magnetic resonance study on the dissolved lignin produced for said experiment showed characteristics typical of other kraft lignins.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"9 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44582539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Paper-based artifacts, such as ink and wash paintings, paper cuts, etc., when exposed in environment for a long time, are prone to embrittling, yellowing and ageing because of ultraviolet light and weather elements. In a museum, special measurements are adopted to avoid these damages, but for common households, a functional coating is a good solution. However, this is not an easy task as the coating must be removable and cannot damage the articles. Graphene oxide (GO) has the potential as ultraviolet shielding material for the protection of paper-based artifacts, but the application of monolithic GO coatings on paper-based artifacts is difficult. In this work, feasible GO/polyacrylonitrile composite films were prepared and their protection properties for rice paper were explored experimentally. When GO loading reached 2 %, the UV-A and UV-B blocking percentages of the film were 57.47 % and 70.86 %, respectively, with a visible light transmittance of 77.09 %. These films also performed good moisture resistance. With a good flexibility, they could be easily transferred onto and peeled off the rice paper surface without damaging the paper texture and patterns on it. These films basically meet the demand of paper-based artifacts protection.
{"title":"Flexible graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile composite films with efficient ultraviolet shielding and high transparency for the protection of paper-based artifacts","authors":"Cheng Teng, Xi-Min Liu, Mingjun Lin, Jianlin Li","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0074","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Paper-based artifacts, such as ink and wash paintings, paper cuts, etc., when exposed in environment for a long time, are prone to embrittling, yellowing and ageing because of ultraviolet light and weather elements. In a museum, special measurements are adopted to avoid these damages, but for common households, a functional coating is a good solution. However, this is not an easy task as the coating must be removable and cannot damage the articles. Graphene oxide (GO) has the potential as ultraviolet shielding material for the protection of paper-based artifacts, but the application of monolithic GO coatings on paper-based artifacts is difficult. In this work, feasible GO/polyacrylonitrile composite films were prepared and their protection properties for rice paper were explored experimentally. When GO loading reached 2 %, the UV-A and UV-B blocking percentages of the film were 57.47 % and 70.86 %, respectively, with a visible light transmittance of 77.09 %. These films also performed good moisture resistance. With a good flexibility, they could be easily transferred onto and peeled off the rice paper surface without damaging the paper texture and patterns on it. These films basically meet the demand of paper-based artifacts protection.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"111 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47377383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the use of hot melt adhesives in the production of paper-based packaging, the controlled penetration of the adhesive is important to obtain rapid setting rates, good bond strength, and the efficient use of adhesive. Measuring adhesive penetration depth has been limited to cross-sectional images, but quantifying the depth of penetration is difficult from these images. No quantitative method is well established in the literature. Four different techniques are compared to quantitatively measure adhesive penetration depth. Two methods involve separating the paperboard from the adhesive layer. Two other methods use of silicone oil penetration and mercury porosimetry to measure the decrease of pore volume after the adhesive is applied. These methods are compared with samples generated for various parameters. Experiments were conducted using a typical hot melt glue on uncoated and coated paperboard sample. Cross-sectional images from Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirm the penetration of some samples. The accuracy and repeatability of these methods were compared. Because of some issues with trying to repeatably remove the paper layer for the weight and thickness methods, and the time and cost of the mercury porosimeter method, the silicone oil method is a nice method to characterize the adhesive penetration depth.
{"title":"Comparison of methods to characterize the penetration of hot melt adhesive into paper","authors":"Mubarak Khlewee, W. Desisto, D. Bousfield","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0066","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the use of hot melt adhesives in the production of paper-based packaging, the controlled penetration of the adhesive is important to obtain rapid setting rates, good bond strength, and the efficient use of adhesive. Measuring adhesive penetration depth has been limited to cross-sectional images, but quantifying the depth of penetration is difficult from these images. No quantitative method is well established in the literature. Four different techniques are compared to quantitatively measure adhesive penetration depth. Two methods involve separating the paperboard from the adhesive layer. Two other methods use of silicone oil penetration and mercury porosimetry to measure the decrease of pore volume after the adhesive is applied. These methods are compared with samples generated for various parameters. Experiments were conducted using a typical hot melt glue on uncoated and coated paperboard sample. Cross-sectional images from Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirm the penetration of some samples. The accuracy and repeatability of these methods were compared. Because of some issues with trying to repeatably remove the paper layer for the weight and thickness methods, and the time and cost of the mercury porosimeter method, the silicone oil method is a nice method to characterize the adhesive penetration depth.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"147 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43245246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sonmez, Mustafa Batuhan Kurt, Gulnur Mertoglu Elmas, Beyza Karabulut
Abstract In this study, electrophotographic printing and inkjet printing systems were applied to some commercial A4 office papers and their effects on print quality were determined. It is to evaluate the print quality by determining the test parameters that measure the print quality by applying electrophotographic printing and inkjet printing systems to some commercial office papers that have determined the surface properties and optical properties supplied from the market. Print quality was measured by testing with parameters such as delta gloss 60°, print lightness, print chroma, print density. As a result of the tests determined for print quality; print density values were low in A4 office papers with high roughness and porosity values, and the specular gloss values of the samples decreased in both printing applications. In electrophotographic printing; it was determined that darker colors formed with print lightness parameter, and the color scale increases in two-sided printing with print chroma values. It was determined that the color scale of print chroma values increased in two-sided prints. It was determined that mostly some commercial office papers were positively affected by printing on one side in inkjet printing and by printing on two-sided in electrophotographic printing.
{"title":"Digital printing systems and office papers interactions and the effects on print quality","authors":"S. Sonmez, Mustafa Batuhan Kurt, Gulnur Mertoglu Elmas, Beyza Karabulut","doi":"10.1515/npprj-2022-0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2022-0083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, electrophotographic printing and inkjet printing systems were applied to some commercial A4 office papers and their effects on print quality were determined. It is to evaluate the print quality by determining the test parameters that measure the print quality by applying electrophotographic printing and inkjet printing systems to some commercial office papers that have determined the surface properties and optical properties supplied from the market. Print quality was measured by testing with parameters such as delta gloss 60°, print lightness, print chroma, print density. As a result of the tests determined for print quality; print density values were low in A4 office papers with high roughness and porosity values, and the specular gloss values of the samples decreased in both printing applications. In electrophotographic printing; it was determined that darker colors formed with print lightness parameter, and the color scale increases in two-sided printing with print chroma values. It was determined that the color scale of print chroma values increased in two-sided prints. It was determined that mostly some commercial office papers were positively affected by printing on one side in inkjet printing and by printing on two-sided in electrophotographic printing.","PeriodicalId":19315,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"141 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49049844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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