Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.2530/JSLSM.JSLSM-41_0037
E. Ogawa, T. Arai, H. Kumagai
Extracellular photosensitization reaction produces singlet oxygen outside the cell with a high concentration of the photosensitizer distributed outside the cell by short drug-light interval. The extracellularly generated singlet oxygen allows for the immediate damage effects of cell membrane and ion channel damage. In this review, the damage mechanism caused by extracellular photosensitization will be explained, with a focus on the application of the extracellular photosensitization reaction using talaporfin sodium for the treatment of tachyarrhythmia catheter ablation.
{"title":"Mechanism of Damage by Extracellular Photosensitization Reaction and Its Application","authors":"E. Ogawa, T. Arai, H. Kumagai","doi":"10.2530/JSLSM.JSLSM-41_0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2530/JSLSM.JSLSM-41_0037","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular photosensitization reaction produces singlet oxygen outside the cell with a high concentration of the photosensitizer distributed outside the cell by short drug-light interval. The extracellularly generated singlet oxygen allows for the immediate damage effects of cell membrane and ion channel damage. In this review, the damage mechanism caused by extracellular photosensitization will be explained, with a focus on the application of the extracellular photosensitization reaction using talaporfin sodium for the treatment of tachyarrhythmia catheter ablation.","PeriodicalId":19350,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Laser Igakkaishi","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79033106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0026
A. Ikeda
In the treatment of bladder cancer, oversight of tumor lesions during cystoscopy is a critical problem, leading to a high rate of postoperative intravesical recurrence. One of the reasons for this is the difference in tumor detection abilities among doctors based on their experience and skill. Therefore, we have sought to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer by developing a cystoscopy support system. The system uses artificial intelligence that recognizes tumor sites and identifies them in images effectively as expert urologists.
{"title":"Cystoscopic Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer Using Artificial Intelligence","authors":"A. Ikeda","doi":"10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0026","url":null,"abstract":"In the treatment of bladder cancer, oversight of tumor lesions during cystoscopy is a critical problem, leading to a high rate of postoperative intravesical recurrence. One of the reasons for this is the difference in tumor detection abilities among doctors based on their experience and skill. Therefore, we have sought to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer by developing a cystoscopy support system. The system uses artificial intelligence that recognizes tumor sites and identifies them in images effectively as expert urologists.","PeriodicalId":19350,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Laser Igakkaishi","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73647377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0023
H. Nosato
Recently, AI-based CAD systems for the gastrointestinal endoscopy have been approved and implemented in clinical fields along with the increased AI application in medical fields. In other endoscopies, AI is expected to improve the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis as well, though there is little research on their clinical applications. In summary, this paper describes the concept of AI-based image diagnostic support in endoscopies to demonstrate how AI technology can be applied to various types of endoscopies, furthering its research and development.
{"title":"A Platform for AI-Based Image Diagnostic Support in Endoscopy","authors":"H. Nosato","doi":"10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0023","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, AI-based CAD systems for the gastrointestinal endoscopy have been approved and implemented in clinical fields along with the increased AI application in medical fields. In other endoscopies, AI is expected to improve the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis as well, though there is little research on their clinical applications. In summary, this paper describes the concept of AI-based image diagnostic support in endoscopies to demonstrate how AI technology can be applied to various types of endoscopies, furthering its research and development.","PeriodicalId":19350,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Laser Igakkaishi","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90371531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0025
M. Misawa, S. Kudo, Y. Mori
With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, a number of studies have been reported in the field of medical imaging. In particular, in the field of colonoscopy, AI-related research and development is rapidly progressing, and AI that has already been approved as a medical device is being introduced into daily clinical practice. In this paper, we review the research and approved AI related to colonoscopy and discuss the future prospects of this field.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosing Colorectal Lesion","authors":"M. Misawa, S. Kudo, Y. Mori","doi":"10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0025","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, a number of studies have been reported in the field of medical imaging. In particular, in the field of colonoscopy, AI-related research and development is rapidly progressing, and AI that has already been approved as a medical device is being introduced into daily clinical practice. In this paper, we review the research and approved AI related to colonoscopy and discuss the future prospects of this field.","PeriodicalId":19350,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Laser Igakkaishi","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81581901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0024
Youkou Ohmaru, Kimie Maki, H. Migita, T. Ohshiro, Keiji Inoue
We conducted a questionnaire survey concerning the laser equipment maintenance and inspection, targeting the guidance facilities and accredited facilities of Japan Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine (JSLSM). Responses were received from 33 facilities, and the maintenance period and status of maintenance contracts with the enforcer and manufacturer varied depending on the facility. Since there is a limit to the ability to perform sufficient maintenance by the medical staff of the facility, it is necessary to create a system and environment that can be implemented by any medical institution, mainly by JSLSM and manufacturers.
{"title":"Survey of Laser Device Maintenance and Inspection in Medical Institutions","authors":"Youkou Ohmaru, Kimie Maki, H. Migita, T. Ohshiro, Keiji Inoue","doi":"10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0024","url":null,"abstract":"We conducted a questionnaire survey concerning the laser equipment maintenance and inspection, targeting the guidance facilities and accredited facilities of Japan Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine (JSLSM). Responses were received from 33 facilities, and the maintenance period and status of maintenance contracts with the enforcer and manufacturer varied depending on the facility. Since there is a limit to the ability to perform sufficient maintenance by the medical staff of the facility, it is necessary to create a system and environment that can be implemented by any medical institution, mainly by JSLSM and manufacturers.","PeriodicalId":19350,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Laser Igakkaishi","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81890397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2530/JSLSM.JSLSM-42_0013
T. Hirasawa, Y. Ikenoyama, Mitsuaki Ishioka, K. Namikawa, Y. Horiuchi, Hirotaka Nakashima, T. Tada, J. Fujisaki
Image recognition using artificial intelligence (AI) has made great strides due to innovations in machine learning, deep learning, and high-performance graphics processing units. Currently, it is considered that AI has exceeded human capabilities in image recognition. In the field of gastric cancer, research on AI-based diagnoses, such as anatomical classification of esophagogastroduodenoscopy images, identification of Helicobacter pylori infection, and detection and qualitative diagnosis of gastric cancer, is being performed, and accuracy equivalent to that of endoscopists has been reported. However, there are some drawbacks with the use of medical AI that make it less acceptable than existing medical devices, and there are significant hurdles before it can be introduced into clinical practice. In the near future, AI is expected to be introduced to the field of gastric cancer diagnosis and improve the quality of medical care.
{"title":"Endoscopic Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI)","authors":"T. Hirasawa, Y. Ikenoyama, Mitsuaki Ishioka, K. Namikawa, Y. Horiuchi, Hirotaka Nakashima, T. Tada, J. Fujisaki","doi":"10.2530/JSLSM.JSLSM-42_0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2530/JSLSM.JSLSM-42_0013","url":null,"abstract":"Image recognition using artificial intelligence (AI) has made great strides due to innovations in machine learning, deep learning, and high-performance graphics processing units. Currently, it is considered that AI has exceeded human capabilities in image recognition. In the field of gastric cancer, research on AI-based diagnoses, such as anatomical classification of esophagogastroduodenoscopy images, identification of Helicobacter pylori infection, and detection and qualitative diagnosis of gastric cancer, is being performed, and accuracy equivalent to that of endoscopists has been reported. However, there are some drawbacks with the use of medical AI that make it less acceptable than existing medical devices, and there are significant hurdles before it can be introduced into clinical practice. In the near future, AI is expected to be introduced to the field of gastric cancer diagnosis and improve the quality of medical care.","PeriodicalId":19350,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Laser Igakkaishi","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77120856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0022
K. Waki, R. Ishihara, A. Shoji, Takahiro Inoue, Katunori Matsueda, M. Miyake, H. Fukuda, S. Shichijo, A. Maekawa, T. Kanesaka, Y. Takeuchi, K. Higashino, N. Uedo, T. Michida, Yasuhito Tanaka, Yusuke Kato, T. Tada
In cooperation with AI Medical Service Inc., we have developed various artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic systems for endoscopy of various organs. Particularly for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, we have developed AI-based systems that support all phases of clinical diagnostic processes. We recently reported that AI assistance significantly improved the detection rate of lesions without reducing specificity on videos simulating overlooking situation. We are currently moving toward commercialization of the AI-based endoscopic diagnostic system for esophageal cancer.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence–Based Diagnostic System for Esophageal Endoscopy","authors":"K. Waki, R. Ishihara, A. Shoji, Takahiro Inoue, Katunori Matsueda, M. Miyake, H. Fukuda, S. Shichijo, A. Maekawa, T. Kanesaka, Y. Takeuchi, K. Higashino, N. Uedo, T. Michida, Yasuhito Tanaka, Yusuke Kato, T. Tada","doi":"10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0022","url":null,"abstract":"In cooperation with AI Medical Service Inc., we have developed various artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic systems for endoscopy of various organs. Particularly for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, we have developed AI-based systems that support all phases of clinical diagnostic processes. We recently reported that AI assistance significantly improved the detection rate of lesions without reducing specificity on videos simulating overlooking situation. We are currently moving toward commercialization of the AI-based endoscopic diagnostic system for esophageal cancer.","PeriodicalId":19350,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Laser Igakkaishi","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79942134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0027
Yu Shimojo, T. Nishimura, K. Awazu
This study evaluates the photothermal effects induced by contact laser vaporization of the prostate (CVP) using XCAVATOR fiber by comparing the vaporization and damage depths and vaporization width with Twister fiber approved for clinical use. Spatial distributions on an irradiation target surface and light spreading angles were measured by irradiating 980-nm laser light through the two fibers using the same light source, and the vaporization and damage depths and vaporization width were measured in porcine prostate tissues. XCAVATOR fiber had a larger number of emitted laser beams than Twister fiber and a larger light spreading angle than Twister fiber by 36°. The maximum vaporization and damage depths and vaporization width were 1.9 ± 0.4, 4.0 ± 0.7, and 8.1 ± 1.6 mm for XCAVATOR fiber and 2.7 ± 1.5, 4.3 ± 1.5, and 5.0 ± 1.5 mm for Twister fiber, respectively. XCAVATOR fiber obtained similar damage depths with Twister fiber, while the vaporization area was broader and shallower than Twister fiber. The experimental analysis of the photothermal effect induced by CVP using XCAVATOR fiber revealed the characteristics of XCAVATOR fiber in laser vaporization.
本研究通过比较XCAVATOR纤维与临床批准使用的Twister纤维的汽化损伤深度和汽化宽度，评价XCAVATOR纤维接触激光汽化前列腺(CVP)的光热效应。采用相同光源照射980 nm激光，通过两根光纤测量辐照靶表面的空间分布和光扩散角，并测量猪前列腺组织的汽化损伤深度和汽化宽度。XCAVATOR光纤的激光束发射数比Twister光纤大，光传播角比Twister光纤大36°。XCAVATOR纤维的最大汽化损伤深度为1.9±0.4、4.0±0.7、8.1±1.6 mm, Twister纤维的最大汽化损伤宽度为2.7±1.5、4.3±1.5、5.0±1.5 mm。XCAVATOR纤维与Twister纤维损伤深度相近，但蒸发面积比Twister纤维更宽、更浅。利用XCAVATOR光纤对CVP诱导的光热效应进行了实验分析，揭示了XCAVATOR光纤在激光汽化中的特点。
{"title":"Photothermal Effect Induced by Contact Laser Vaporization of Porcine Prostate Tissues Using XCAVATOR Fiber","authors":"Yu Shimojo, T. Nishimura, K. Awazu","doi":"10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-42_0027","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates the photothermal effects induced by contact laser vaporization of the prostate (CVP) using XCAVATOR fiber by comparing the vaporization and damage depths and vaporization width with Twister fiber approved for clinical use. Spatial distributions on an irradiation target surface and light spreading angles were measured by irradiating 980-nm laser light through the two fibers using the same light source, and the vaporization and damage depths and vaporization width were measured in porcine prostate tissues. XCAVATOR fiber had a larger number of emitted laser beams than Twister fiber and a larger light spreading angle than Twister fiber by 36°. The maximum vaporization and damage depths and vaporization width were 1.9 ± 0.4, 4.0 ± 0.7, and 8.1 ± 1.6 mm for XCAVATOR fiber and 2.7 ± 1.5, 4.3 ± 1.5, and 5.0 ± 1.5 mm for Twister fiber, respectively. XCAVATOR fiber obtained similar damage depths with Twister fiber, while the vaporization area was broader and shallower than Twister fiber. The experimental analysis of the photothermal effect induced by CVP using XCAVATOR fiber revealed the characteristics of XCAVATOR fiber in laser vaporization.","PeriodicalId":19350,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Laser Igakkaishi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86219452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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