Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1177/02601060241241359
Angela R Hillman, Lane Cullums, Abigail Peairs, Sophie A Miller
Background: Manipulation of macronutrient intake and exercise can alter overall energy consumption and potentially body composition. Aim: The purpose of this study was to manipulate the macronutrient content of breakfast before exercise to investigate the impact on exercise energy expenditure and postexercise energy intake (EI). Methods: Twelve active men were recruited, 11 finished the study protocol (age: 28 ± 9 years; VO2max: 56 ± 5 ml·kg-1·min-1). In a randomized crossover design, each participant completed 4 trials, 3 consisting of a specific breakfast (protein, PRO; carbohydrate, CHO; noncaloric; NON-CAL) followed in 1 h by a 45 minutes moderate intensity treadmill exercise protocol. The fourth trial consisted of breakfast and no exercise (CON). An ad-libitum lunch and food for the rest of the day were provided and assessed for EI. Measures included resting metabolic rate pre- and postbreakfast along with oxygen uptake (VO2) during and after exercise, along with hunger scales, and blood measures of glucose, insulin and plasma-PYY prebreakfast, pre-exercise, postexercise, and 60 minutes postexercise. Results: Fat oxidation was highest during exercise in the NON-CAL (0.57 g·min-1) trial with similar levels of fat oxidation between PRO (0.50 g·min-1) and CHO trials (0.48 g·min-1). Hunger was not affected by PRO intake or exercise, nor was appetite hormones and glucose. EI at lunch and dinner was not significantly different between trials. Conclusion: Pre-exercise PRO intake did not modify fat oxidation during exercise, did not lead to a larger VO2 versus CHO, nor did it attenuate EI postexercise.
{"title":"No difference in fat oxidation, postexercise energy expenditure or energy intake following ingestion of a protein-based breakfast compared to carbohydrate breakfast.","authors":"Angela R Hillman, Lane Cullums, Abigail Peairs, Sophie A Miller","doi":"10.1177/02601060241241359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060241241359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Manipulation of macronutrient intake and exercise can alter overall energy consumption and potentially body composition. <b>Aim</b>: The purpose of this study was to manipulate the macronutrient content of breakfast before exercise to investigate the impact on exercise energy expenditure and postexercise energy intake (EI). <b>Methods:</b> Twelve active men were recruited, 11 finished the study protocol (age: 28 ± 9 years; VO<sub>2</sub>max: 56 ± 5 ml·kg<sup>-1</sup>·min<sup>-1</sup>). In a randomized crossover design, each participant completed 4 trials, 3 consisting of a specific breakfast (protein, PRO; carbohydrate, CHO; noncaloric; NON-CAL) followed in 1 h by a 45 minutes moderate intensity treadmill exercise protocol. The fourth trial consisted of breakfast and no exercise (CON). An ad-libitum lunch and food for the rest of the day were provided and assessed for EI. Measures included resting metabolic rate pre- and postbreakfast along with oxygen uptake (VO<sub>2</sub>) during and after exercise, along with hunger scales, and blood measures of glucose, insulin and plasma-PYY prebreakfast, pre-exercise, postexercise, and 60 minutes postexercise. <b>Results:</b> Fat oxidation was highest during exercise in the NON-CAL (0.57 g·min<sup>-1</sup>) trial with similar levels of fat oxidation between PRO (0.50 g·min<sup>-1</sup>) and CHO trials (0.48 g·min<sup>-1</sup>). Hunger was not affected by PRO intake or exercise, nor was appetite hormones and glucose. EI at lunch and dinner was not significantly different between trials. <b>Conclusion:</b> Pre-exercise PRO intake did not modify fat oxidation during exercise, did not lead to a larger VO<sub>2</sub> versus CHO, nor did it attenuate EI postexercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1177/02601060231209371
Deniz İlgün Gürel, Zeynep Parlak, Ümit Murat Şahiner, Özge Soyer, Bülent Enis Şekerel
Background: Nuts and seeds are among the leading causes of food allergy. Effective food allergy management hinges on the ability to identify and avoid relevant foods.
Aim: To evaluate the nut/seed recognition ability in both children and mothers.
Methods: Primary caregivers (mothers) and their children (6-18 years old) with/without food allergies were shown photographs of nuts/seeds, and their products with visible/hidden allergens to assess their ability to recognize accurately.
Results: A total of 196 children and 184 mothers participated. The median ages of the children and mothers were 7.6 (6.8-10) and 37.8 (33.1-41.5) years, respectively. Over 75% of the children/adolescents and over 90% of the mothers accurately identified the kernel forms of nuts/seeds, except pine nuts. Walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, and cashews were the most accurately recognized kernel forms by both populations. Generally, the kernel forms were recognized 5-20% more accurately than their in-shell forms, followed by products with visible and hidden forms, respectively. Some Turkish culinary-specific products with visible/hidden allergens were recognized as frequently as the kernel/in-shell forms by both study groups. Although there was a similar recognition pattern between study groups and subgroups (nut/seed allergy, other food allergy, controls), higher rates of recognition were found in mothers than in their children and adolescents than in schoolchildren.
Conclusion: In Eastern Mediterranean region, nuts and sesame seeds are highly recognized by both mothers and their children. Accurate identification of these foods is likely a culinary feature, but not the result of increased awareness. More information is needed on whether this ability reduces the risk of exposure.
{"title":"Recognition of nuts and seeds in children with/without food allergies and their mothers: A reflection of culinary culture.","authors":"Deniz İlgün Gürel, Zeynep Parlak, Ümit Murat Şahiner, Özge Soyer, Bülent Enis Şekerel","doi":"10.1177/02601060231209371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060231209371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nuts and seeds are among the leading causes of food allergy. Effective food allergy management hinges on the ability to identify and avoid relevant foods.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the nut/seed recognition ability in both children and mothers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary caregivers (mothers) and their children (6-18 years old) with/without food allergies were shown photographs of nuts/seeds, and their products with visible/hidden allergens to assess their ability to recognize accurately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 196 children and 184 mothers participated. The median ages of the children and mothers were 7.6 (6.8-10) and 37.8 (33.1-41.5) years, respectively. Over 75% of the children/adolescents and over 90% of the mothers accurately identified the kernel forms of nuts/seeds, except pine nuts. Walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, and cashews were the most accurately recognized kernel forms by both populations. Generally, the kernel forms were recognized 5-20% more accurately than their in-shell forms, followed by products with visible and hidden forms, respectively. Some Turkish culinary-specific products with visible/hidden allergens were recognized as frequently as the kernel/in-shell forms by both study groups. Although there was a similar recognition pattern between study groups and subgroups (nut/seed allergy, other food allergy, controls), higher rates of recognition were found in mothers than in their children and adolescents than in schoolchildren.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Eastern Mediterranean region, nuts and sesame seeds are highly recognized by both mothers and their children. Accurate identification of these foods is likely a culinary feature, but not the result of increased awareness. More information is needed on whether this ability reduces the risk of exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1177/02601060241238824
Suzanne M M Zaremba, Karen Conduit-Turner
Background: Vitamin D supplementation practices (dose and frequency) are relatively unknown in the Scottish population, with no recent up-to-date data available. Reassessing current knowledge, practices, and awareness of vitamin D supplementation following a national health campaign in 2020 by Food Standards Scotland on vitamin D is warranted. Aim: This article aims to present the knowledge and awareness of vitamin D, and current vitamin D supplementation practices in adults living in Scotland. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed between June and July 2022 using an online survey adapted from previous work on assessing knowledge of vitamin D in adults. Participants aged 18+, living in Scotland for ≥6 months were eligible to participate. Scores for knowledge were calculated as a percentage. Univariate associations between demographic and supplement use were established by χ2-test and logistic regression performed to predict factors associated with daily vitamin D intake. Results: Four hundred and three participants (72.7% female), mean age 36.4 (±14.2 years), completed the study. Awareness of vitamin D was very high (99.5%) but the mean overall knowledge score was poor (31.4 ± 15.3%), with those with a university degree more likely to have knowledge scores at/above the mean compared with those with lower levels of education, χ2(1, N = 393) 10.7, p = 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 2.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.7). Finally, 64.3% took vitamin D supplements, of which 37.5% took them daily during winter months, with only 7.4% taking the recommended daily dose. Conclusion: The current study highlights the need to improve both knowledge of vitamin D and practices of vitamin D supplementation during the autumn and winter months in Scotland.
背景:在苏格兰人口中,维生素 D 的补充方法(剂量和频率)相对不为人知,也没有最近的最新数据。在苏格兰食品标准局于 2020 年开展有关维生素 D 的全国健康宣传活动后,有必要对当前补充维生素 D 的知识、做法和意识进行重新评估。目的:本文旨在介绍苏格兰成年人对维生素 D 的了解和认识,以及目前补充维生素 D 的做法。研究方法我们在 2022 年 6 月至 7 月期间进行了一项横断面研究,采用了一项在线调查,该调查改编自之前的成人维生素 D 知识评估工作。年龄在 18 岁以上、在苏格兰居住≥6 个月的参与者均有资格参与。知识得分以百分比计算。通过χ2检验确定人口统计学和补充剂使用之间的单变量关联,并进行逻辑回归以预测与每日维生素D摄入量相关的因素。研究结果43 名参与者(72.7% 为女性)完成了研究,平均年龄为 36.4 岁(±14.2 岁)。参与者对维生素 D 的认知度非常高(99.5%),但总体知识平均得分较低(31.4 ± 15.3%),与教育水平较低者相比,拥有大学学历者的知识得分达到/超过平均分的可能性更大,χ2(1, N = 393) 10.7, p = 0.001, 赔率比 (OR) = 2.1 (95% 置信区间 (CI) 1.7-2.7)。最后,64.3%的人服用维生素 D 补充剂,其中 37.5%的人在冬季每天服用,只有 7.4%的人每天服用推荐剂量。结论本研究强调了在苏格兰秋冬季节提高维生素 D 知识和补充维生素 D 的做法的必要性。
{"title":"Knowledge of vitamin D and practices of vitamin D supplementation in a Scottish adult population: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Suzanne M M Zaremba, Karen Conduit-Turner","doi":"10.1177/02601060241238824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060241238824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Vitamin D supplementation practices (dose and frequency) are relatively unknown in the Scottish population, with no recent up-to-date data available. Reassessing current knowledge, practices, and awareness of vitamin D supplementation following a national health campaign in 2020 by Food Standards Scotland on vitamin D is warranted. <b>Aim:</b> This article aims to present the knowledge and awareness of vitamin D, and current vitamin D supplementation practices in adults living in Scotland. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was performed between June and July 2022 using an online survey adapted from previous work on assessing knowledge of vitamin D in adults. Participants aged 18+, living in Scotland for ≥6 months were eligible to participate. Scores for knowledge were calculated as a percentage. Univariate associations between demographic and supplement use were established by <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>-test and logistic regression performed to predict factors associated with daily vitamin D intake. <b>Results:</b> Four hundred and three participants (72.7% female), mean age 36.4 (±14.2 years), completed the study. Awareness of vitamin D was very high (99.5%) but the mean overall knowledge score was poor (31.4 ± 15.3%), with those with a university degree more likely to have knowledge scores at/above the mean compared with those with lower levels of education, <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>(1, N = 393) 10.7, p = 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 2.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.7). Finally, 64.3% took vitamin D supplements, of which 37.5% took them daily during winter months, with only 7.4% taking the recommended daily dose. <b>Conclusion:</b> The current study highlights the need to improve both knowledge of vitamin D and practices of vitamin D supplementation during the autumn and winter months in Scotland.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To date, the primary and only treatment recommended for effective management of celiac disease (CD) is adherence to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) which entails a new approach to eating that affects the social quality of life (QoL) and physical activity (PA) of patients. This cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the social QoL and PA of adult Lebanese CD patients aged between 18 and 59 years old who are following a GFD. An online CD questionnaire was administered to 136 Lebanese celiac participants on a GFD. The findings of this study show a significant association between celiac patients following a GFD and their social QoL (P-value = 0.0001). The results also showed a significant association between the same population and their PA (p-value = 0.0001). Further awareness-raising and learning activities about gluten-free products are needed to improve the adherence to a strict GFD to facilitate its availability to the Lebanese population.
{"title":"Assessment of the social quality of life and the physical activity of adult celiac disease patients following a gluten-free diet in Lebanon.","authors":"Priscilla Bouery, Randa Attieh, Lea Sacca, Yonna Sacre","doi":"10.1177/02601060221095685","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221095685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To date, the primary and only treatment recommended for effective management of celiac disease (CD) is adherence to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) which entails a new approach to eating that affects the social quality of life (QoL) and physical activity (PA) of patients. This cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the social QoL and PA of adult Lebanese CD patients aged between 18 and 59 years old who are following a GFD. An online CD questionnaire was administered to 136 Lebanese celiac participants on a GFD. The findings of this study show a significant association between celiac patients following a GFD and their social QoL (P-value = 0.0001). The results also showed a significant association between the same population and their PA (p-value = 0.0001). Further awareness-raising and learning activities about gluten-free products are needed to improve the adherence to a strict GFD to facilitate its availability to the Lebanese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49331830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2022-06-03DOI: 10.1177/02601060221104311
Atefeh Kohansal, Ali Zangene, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Hamed Hooshang, Kimia Leilami, Shirin Gerami, Maryam Najafi, Mehran Nouri, Shiva Faghih
Background: Results of studies on the effects of plant and animal proteins on lipid profile are controversial. So we aimed to assess the relationship between plant and animal protein intake with lipid profile and novel anthropometric indices in healthy individuals.
Method: In this cross-sectional study, 236 participants have selected from Shiraz medical centers (Iran) through random cluster sampling. Food intakes were assessed using a 168-items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Anthropometric indices including a body shape index (ABSI), abdominal volume index (AVI), buddy roundness index (BRI), and conicity index (CI) were calculated.
Results: In the crude and fully adjusted models, more consumption of plant proteins was associated with TG levels (OR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.08, 4.95; P = 0.03 and OR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.03, 5.15; P = 0.04). Also, there was a significant direct association between plant proteins and BRI in the curd model (OR = 3.55; 95% CI: 1.32, 9.54; P = 0.01), and after adjusting for age and energy intake (OR = 3.32; 95% CI: 1.21, 9.14; P = 0.01). More consumption of plant proteins was related to higher CI in the crude model (OR = 3.06; 95% CI: 1.12, 8.31; P = 0.03), but not in the fully adjusted model.
Conclusion: We found that a higher intake of plant proteins was associated with a higher TG level, BRI, and CI index. However, more research is needed to confirm these relations and provide the evidence needed to exert these findings into clinical practice.
{"title":"Association between plant and animal proteins intake with lipid profile and anthropometric indices: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Atefeh Kohansal, Ali Zangene, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Hamed Hooshang, Kimia Leilami, Shirin Gerami, Maryam Najafi, Mehran Nouri, Shiva Faghih","doi":"10.1177/02601060221104311","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221104311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Results of studies on the effects of plant and animal proteins on lipid profile are controversial. So we aimed to assess the relationship between plant and animal protein intake with lipid profile and novel anthropometric indices in healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 236 participants have selected from Shiraz medical centers (Iran) through random cluster sampling. Food intakes were assessed using a 168-items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Anthropometric indices including a body shape index (ABSI), abdominal volume index (AVI), buddy roundness index (BRI), and conicity index (CI) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the crude and fully adjusted models, more consumption of plant proteins was associated with TG levels (OR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.08, 4.95; <i>P</i> = 0.03 and OR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.03, 5.15; <i>P</i> = 0.04). Also, there was a significant direct association between plant proteins and BRI in the curd model (OR = 3.55; 95% CI: 1.32, 9.54; <i>P</i> = 0.01), and after adjusting for age and energy intake (OR = 3.32; 95% CI: 1.21, 9.14; <i>P</i> = 0.01). More consumption of plant proteins was related to higher CI in the crude model (OR = 3.06; 95% CI: 1.12, 8.31; <i>P</i> = 0.03), but not in the fully adjusted model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that a higher intake of plant proteins was associated with a higher TG level, BRI, and CI index. However, more research is needed to confirm these relations and provide the evidence needed to exert these findings into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43616707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2022-06-20DOI: 10.1177/02601060221106624
Claire Hanika, Nicola Porter, Kate Blick, Jeewaka Mendis
Background: The benefits of a healthy lifestyle in reducing risk of cancer and chronic disease are well-documented. Many individuals who have had head and neck cancer (HNC) report complex social situations with a history of poor dietary habits, smoking and alcohol abuse. Survivorship can be a strong motivator to make positive lifestyle changes, reducing risk of cancer recurrence and ill-health. Research investigating whether HNC survivors adopt healthy lifestyle recommendations is lacking.
Aim: To explore the health-related practices of post-treatment HNC patients, seeking to identify barriers and motivators to following recommended health guidelines.
Methods: Tape-recorded interviews were conducted with 20 HNC survivors, and comparisons made to Department of Health recommendations.
Results: 80% of participants made lifestyle changes following HNC treatment. The most prevalent changes were to diet and alcohol intake. Key motivators were reducing cancer risk and ill-health; barriers included lack of motivation, support and misinformation. Treatment side-effects presented both motivators and barriers. There was widespread recognition of the "5 a day" message, and harm caused by smoking. Other public health recommendations were less well-known; 98% were unaware of current alcohol guidelines, physical activity was overestimated, and only one participant took vitamin D.
Conclusion: In this study HNC survivors were highly motivated to make healthy lifestyle changes. Further work is required to increase awareness of Government guidelines, as health messages are not always reaching the public or are misinterpreted.
{"title":"Lifestyle choices following head and neck cancer treatment: A qualitative study.","authors":"Claire Hanika, Nicola Porter, Kate Blick, Jeewaka Mendis","doi":"10.1177/02601060221106624","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221106624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The benefits of a healthy lifestyle in reducing risk of cancer and chronic disease are well-documented. Many individuals who have had head and neck cancer (HNC) report complex social situations with a history of poor dietary habits, smoking and alcohol abuse. Survivorship can be a strong motivator to make positive lifestyle changes, reducing risk of cancer recurrence and ill-health. Research investigating whether HNC survivors adopt healthy lifestyle recommendations is lacking.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the health-related practices of post-treatment HNC patients, seeking to identify barriers and motivators to following recommended health guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tape-recorded interviews were conducted with 20 HNC survivors, and comparisons made to Department of Health recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>80% of participants made lifestyle changes following HNC treatment. The most prevalent changes were to diet and alcohol intake. Key motivators were reducing cancer risk and ill-health; barriers included lack of motivation, support and misinformation. Treatment side-effects presented both motivators and barriers. There was widespread recognition of the \"5 a day\" message, and harm caused by smoking. Other public health recommendations were less well-known; 98% were unaware of current alcohol guidelines, physical activity was overestimated, and only one participant took vitamin D.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study HNC survivors were highly motivated to make healthy lifestyle changes. Further work is required to increase awareness of Government guidelines, as health messages are not always reaching the public or are misinterpreted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40103294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-07-11DOI: 10.1177/02601060231185815
George Waliomuzibu Mukisa, Tonderai W Shumba, Andrit Lourens
Background: Although Namibia has made strides in improving the policy enabling environment, eradication of malnutrition is still elusive.
Objective: This review was aimed at determining the extent to which food and nutrition-related policies in Namibia address malnutrition.
Methods: This study used a qualitative approach by retrospectively analysing policy frameworks that address malnutrition in Namibia from 1991 to 2022. The analysis employed the policy triangle framework to elucidate the contextual factors, content, actors and process involved in the policy development. Moreover, a comparative analysis of Namibian policies and those of other southern African countries was undertaken.
Results: The review showed that there is a considerable degree of coherence in policy goals and strategies to address malnutrition despite parallel coordination structures. Policy process involved limited consultations with local communities which might have jeopardised the formulation of community problem-tailored interventions, ownership and participation in policy implementation. There is a strong political commitment to the eradication of malnutrition in Namibia. The Office of the Prime Minister played a leading role in policy development. Influential actors such as the UN agencies elevated the nutrition agenda. Further, the Namibian policy framework was generally similar to those of other southern African countries.
Conclusions: The review showed that Namibia has relevant and comprehensive policies to address malnutrition, however, contextual factors indicated high levels of malnutrition still exist in the communities. Further research is needed to understand the barriers and enablers to optimal nutrition for children under five years in Namibia.
{"title":"Policy framework that addresses malnutrition in Namibia: A retrospective qualitative review.","authors":"George Waliomuzibu Mukisa, Tonderai W Shumba, Andrit Lourens","doi":"10.1177/02601060231185815","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060231185815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although Namibia has made strides in improving the policy enabling environment, eradication of malnutrition is still elusive.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review was aimed at determining the extent to which food and nutrition-related policies in Namibia address malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a qualitative approach by retrospectively analysing policy frameworks that address malnutrition in Namibia from 1991 to 2022. The analysis employed the policy triangle framework to elucidate the contextual factors, content, actors and process involved in the policy development. Moreover, a comparative analysis of Namibian policies and those of other southern African countries was undertaken.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review showed that there is a considerable degree of coherence in policy goals and strategies to address malnutrition despite parallel coordination structures. Policy process involved limited consultations with local communities which might have jeopardised the formulation of community problem-tailored interventions, ownership and participation in policy implementation. There is a strong political commitment to the eradication of malnutrition in Namibia. The Office of the Prime Minister played a leading role in policy development. Influential actors such as the UN agencies elevated the nutrition agenda. Further, the Namibian policy framework was generally similar to those of other southern African countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The review showed that Namibia has relevant and comprehensive policies to address malnutrition, however, contextual factors indicated high levels of malnutrition still exist in the communities. Further research is needed to understand the barriers and enablers to optimal nutrition for children under five years in Namibia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9766863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1177/02601060221105744
Alex Glover, Helen E Hayes, He Ni, Vassilios Raikos
Background: Non-Dairy (ND) food consumption is rapidly increasing in the UK and for many consumers plant-based diets are presumed to be healthier than standard diets. ND alternatives have different nutritional compositions, and their consumption could present challenges on a public-health level. Aim: To compare the price and nutritional composition of dairy and ND milks and cheeses in UK supermarkets. Methods: Macro and micronutrient data was recorded from Alpro's website and the 6 leading UK grocers for their own-label ND milks and cheeses. For missing micronutrient values the McCance & Widdowson's dataset was used. 99 total products were extracted: 57 ND milks, 7 dairy milks, 10 dairy cheeses and 25 ND cheeses. Dairy milk and cheese were used as control against which all ND products were compared. Results: Soya and coconut milks had lower values of carbohydrates, sugars, calcium, iodine, and potassium (p < 0.01) than dairy. Almond milk had lower values of carbohydrates (p = 0.01), sugars, calcium, iodine, and potassium (p < 0.01) compared to dairy milk. Protein was significantly (p < 0.01) lower for all ND except soya. Dairy cheeses had higher values for energy, protein, iodine, potassium, riboflavin, vitamin B12 and calcium (p < 0.01) than ND. Median prices were similar between dairy and ND milks, whereas ND cheeses were significantly more expensive compared to dairy (p < 0.01). Conclusions: ND alternatives fall short in several key nutrients compared to dairy. Fortification, accurate labelling and nutrition education are needed to help consumers make healthy and informed choices.
{"title":"A comparison of the nutritional content and price between dairy and non-dairy milks and cheeses in UK supermarkets: A cross sectional analysis.","authors":"Alex Glover, Helen E Hayes, He Ni, Vassilios Raikos","doi":"10.1177/02601060221105744","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221105744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Non-Dairy (ND) food consumption is rapidly increasing in the UK and for many consumers plant-based diets are presumed to be healthier than standard diets. ND alternatives have different nutritional compositions, and their consumption could present challenges on a public-health level. <b>Aim:</b> To compare the price and nutritional composition of dairy and ND milks and cheeses in UK supermarkets. <b>Methods:</b> Macro and micronutrient data was recorded from Alpro's website and the 6 leading UK grocers for their own-label ND milks and cheeses. For missing micronutrient values the McCance & Widdowson's dataset was used. 99 total products were extracted: 57 ND milks, 7 dairy milks, 10 dairy cheeses and 25 ND cheeses. Dairy milk and cheese were used as control against which all ND products were compared. <b>Results:</b> Soya and coconut milks had lower values of carbohydrates, sugars, calcium, iodine, and potassium (<i>p</i> < 0.01) than dairy. Almond milk had lower values of carbohydrates (<i>p</i> = 0.01), sugars, calcium, iodine, and potassium (<i>p</i> < 0.01) compared to dairy milk. Protein was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01) lower for all ND except soya. Dairy cheeses had higher values for energy, protein, iodine, potassium, riboflavin, vitamin B12 and calcium (<i>p</i> < 0.01) than ND. Median prices were similar between dairy and ND milks, whereas ND cheeses were significantly more expensive compared to dairy (<i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> ND alternatives fall short in several key nutrients compared to dairy. Fortification, accurate labelling and nutrition education are needed to help consumers make healthy and informed choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10924701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47240908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1177/02601060231169372
Fahad Jubayer, Shahidullah Kayshar, Shoaib Arifin, Aney Parven, Sirajul Islam Khan, Islam Md Meftaul
The Rohingya refugees are among the most vulnerable victims of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. In refugee camps, they frequently lack access to safe and nutritious foods, drinking water, and a healthy environment. Despite the fact that numerous national and international organizations are sincerely collaborating to meet their nutritional and medical needs, the pace of work has slowed due to COVID-19. Combating COVID-19 demands a robust immune system, which relies heavily on a nutritious diet. The development of strong immunity to protect Rohingya refugees, particularly children and women, through the provision of nutrient-dense foods is thus highly necessary. Consequently, the current commentary focused on the nutritional health status of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh during COVID-19. In addition, we provided a multilevel implementation framework that could assist stakeholders and policymakers in taking effective measures to recover their nutritional health.
{"title":"Nutritional health of the Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh: Conceptualizing a multilevel action framework focusing the COVID-19.","authors":"Fahad Jubayer, Shahidullah Kayshar, Shoaib Arifin, Aney Parven, Sirajul Islam Khan, Islam Md Meftaul","doi":"10.1177/02601060231169372","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060231169372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Rohingya refugees are among the most vulnerable victims of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. In refugee camps, they frequently lack access to safe and nutritious foods, drinking water, and a healthy environment. Despite the fact that numerous national and international organizations are sincerely collaborating to meet their nutritional and medical needs, the pace of work has slowed due to COVID-19. Combating COVID-19 demands a robust immune system, which relies heavily on a nutritious diet. The development of strong immunity to protect Rohingya refugees, particularly children and women, through the provision of nutrient-dense foods is thus highly necessary. Consequently, the current commentary focused on the nutritional health status of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh during COVID-19. In addition, we provided a multilevel implementation framework that could assist stakeholders and policymakers in taking effective measures to recover their nutritional health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10186131/pdf/10.1177_02601060231169372.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9467090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1177/02601060221090696
Alexandra Malia Jackson, Louise Parker, Yoshie Sano, Anne E Cox, Jane Lanigan
Background: Weight-neutral interventions that promote adaptive eating behaviors are becoming a growing area of practice. Understanding whether adaptive eating behaviors are associated with improved diet quality is essential. Body image may be an important factor in this relationship given its close connection to eating behaviors. Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the relationships between positive and negative body image, adaptive and maladaptive eating behaviors, and diet quality. Methods: We recruited 288 adults 18 years and older who were living in the US using Prolific Academic. Participants completed an online survey including measures of positive and negative body image, adaptive and maladaptive eating behaviors, and a dietary screener questionnaire (DSQ). We ran a hierarchical linear regression and tested whether body image and diet quality were mediated by eating behavior. Results: Body image and maladaptive eating behaviors were not associated with diet quality. Body-food choice congruence (B-FCC), an adaptive eating behavior, was associated with diet quality. B-FCC mediated the relationship of positive and negative body image to diet quality. Conclusions: Our findings provide additional support for weight-neutral or adaptive eating interventions as a mechanism to promote diet quality. Additional research may benefit from exploring indirect effects of body image on diet intake, the relationship between eating behavior and diet quality using qualitative data, and the comparison of weight-neutral or non-diet interventions with traditional behavior change interventions.
{"title":"Associations between body image, eating behavior, and diet quality.","authors":"Alexandra Malia Jackson, Louise Parker, Yoshie Sano, Anne E Cox, Jane Lanigan","doi":"10.1177/02601060221090696","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221090696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Weight-neutral interventions that promote adaptive eating behaviors are becoming a growing area of practice. Understanding whether adaptive eating behaviors are associated with improved diet quality is essential. Body image may be an important factor in this relationship given its close connection to eating behaviors. <b>Aim:</b> The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the relationships between positive and negative body image, adaptive and maladaptive eating behaviors, and diet quality. <b>Methods:</b> We recruited 288 adults 18 years and older who were living in the US using Prolific Academic. Participants completed an online survey including measures of positive and negative body image, adaptive and maladaptive eating behaviors, and a dietary screener questionnaire (DSQ). We ran a hierarchical linear regression and tested whether body image and diet quality were mediated by eating behavior. <b>Results:</b> Body image and maladaptive eating behaviors were not associated with diet quality. Body-food choice congruence (B-FCC), an adaptive eating behavior, was associated with diet quality. B-FCC mediated the relationship of positive and negative body image to diet quality. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings provide additional support for weight-neutral or adaptive eating interventions as a mechanism to promote diet quality. Additional research may benefit from exploring indirect effects of body image on diet intake, the relationship between eating behavior and diet quality using qualitative data, and the comparison of weight-neutral or non-diet interventions with traditional behavior change interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48797228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}