Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2022-06-27DOI: 10.1177/02601060221109668
Corrie Miller, Carol Boushey, Paula Benny, Shani Ma, Joyce Huang, Eunjung Lim, Men-Jean Lee
Background: There is limited data on diet quality during pregnancy and its impact on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Aim: Examine the association with diet quality and development of HDP in an Asian and Pacific Islander Cohort Methods: Pregnant women from the 4 largest ethnic groups in Hawai'i were recruited for participation. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire during each trimester. Adherence to three diet quality indices (DQIs) were scored-The Healthy Eating Index (HEI), The Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMED), and the Dietary approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score. Mean scores were compared among those who did and did not develop HDP. Logistic Regression models were used to examine the association between diet quality and HDP accounting for confounders (age, parity, obesity, ethnicity, gestational weight gain). Results: Among 55 participants with complete follow-up, there was a high incidence of HDP (23%). There was no significant change of DQIs over time. Non-Hispanic White participants had higher DQIs than Filipinas, Japanese, or Native Hawaiians (not statistically significant). Across gestation, participants who did not have HDP had better diet quality than those who did. Logistic regression showed that HEI and DASH indices are predictive of HDP development, with the high DASH diet score having the greatest reduced odds. Every point higher of DASH diet score portended approximately 30% reduced odds of developing HDP. Conclusions: The DASH diet had the strongest association with reduced odds of HDP, but better diet quality in any of the indices was also predictive.
{"title":"Diet quality predicts hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Asian and Pacific Islander Cohort.","authors":"Corrie Miller, Carol Boushey, Paula Benny, Shani Ma, Joyce Huang, Eunjung Lim, Men-Jean Lee","doi":"10.1177/02601060221109668","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221109668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> There is limited data on diet quality during pregnancy and its impact on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). <b>Aim:</b> Examine the association with diet quality and development of HDP in an Asian and Pacific Islander Cohort <b>Methods:</b> Pregnant women from the 4 largest ethnic groups in Hawai'i were recruited for participation. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire during each trimester. Adherence to three diet quality indices (DQIs) were scored-The Healthy Eating Index (HEI), The Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMED), and the Dietary approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score. Mean scores were compared among those who did and did not develop HDP. Logistic Regression models were used to examine the association between diet quality and HDP accounting for confounders (age, parity, obesity, ethnicity, gestational weight gain). <b>Results:</b> Among 55 participants with complete follow-up, there was a high incidence of HDP (23%). There was no significant change of DQIs over time. Non-Hispanic White participants had higher DQIs than Filipinas, Japanese, or Native Hawaiians (not statistically significant). Across gestation, participants who did not have HDP had better diet quality than those who did. Logistic regression showed that HEI and DASH indices are predictive of HDP development, with the high DASH diet score having the greatest reduced odds. Every point higher of DASH diet score portended approximately 30% reduced odds of developing HDP. <b>Conclusions:</b> The DASH diet had the strongest association with reduced odds of HDP, but better diet quality in any of the indices was also predictive.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40400596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Meat and dairy products are important ingredients in Kazakhstan, although there are indications that high consumption of red and processed meat is associated with a risk of several non-communicable diseases and has an adverse impact on the environment. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of young adults in Kazakhstan, particularly meat and fish consumption frequency among university students in five regions of Kazakhstan. Methods: The assessment of meat and fish consumption was based on the food frequency questionnaire. Region of residence, age, sex, weight, height and parental education were also self-reported. Results: Meat consumption among the participants was lower than recommended consumption of 1500 g per week in Kazakhstan but almost two-fold higher than the World Cancer Research Fund recommendations of 500 g per week. Approximately 24% of the participants reported to consume meat every day. Only 8.6% of the participants reported fish consumption in line with the recommendation of approximately 270 g per week in Kazakhstan. Meat and fish consumption was fairly homogeneous across regions and sex. Conclusion: The results from this study contribute to the relatively limited information on meat and fish consumption in Kazakhstan. Further knowledge on dietary habits and probably improved nutrition recommendations on meat consumption in Kazakhstan are needed to protect public health and the environment.
{"title":"Self-reported consumption frequency of meat and fish products among young adults in Kazakhstan.","authors":"Venera Akhmetova, Yuriy Balji, Yelena Kandalina, Ainara Iskineyeva, Akmaral Mukhamejanova, Akmaral Baspakova, Yassin Uzakov, Kuralay Issayeva, Galia Zamaratskaia","doi":"10.1177/02601060221114230","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221114230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Meat and dairy products are important ingredients in Kazakhstan, although there are indications that high consumption of red and processed meat is associated with a risk of several non-communicable diseases and has an adverse impact on the environment. <b>Aim:</b> The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of young adults in Kazakhstan, particularly meat and fish consumption frequency among university students in five regions of Kazakhstan. <b>Methods:</b> The assessment of meat and fish consumption was based on the food frequency questionnaire. Region of residence, age, sex, weight, height and parental education were also self-reported. <b>Results:</b> Meat consumption among the participants was lower than recommended consumption of 1500 g per week in Kazakhstan but almost two-fold higher than the World Cancer Research Fund recommendations of 500 g per week. Approximately 24% of the participants reported to consume meat every day. Only 8.6% of the participants reported fish consumption in line with the recommendation of approximately 270 g per week in Kazakhstan. Meat and fish consumption was fairly homogeneous across regions and sex. <b>Conclusion:</b> The results from this study contribute to the relatively limited information on meat and fish consumption in Kazakhstan. Further knowledge on dietary habits and probably improved nutrition recommendations on meat consumption in Kazakhstan are needed to protect public health and the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40614289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2022-07-12DOI: 10.1177/02601060221111234
Lucy R Boxall, Emily Arden-Close, Janet James, Katherine M Appleton
Background: Dietary guidelines are intended to inform and aid the general public, with the aim of improving healthy diets and reducing health risk. The effectiveness of these guidelines, however, is rarely investigated.
Aim: This work investigates the effects of three different types of dietary recommendations for reducing free sugars, on free sugar intakes over 12 weeks. Secondary aims will also investigate how these different recommendations affect secondary outcomes, outcomes in subsets of the trial population, and identify barriers and facilitators to dietary change.
Methods: Using a randomised controlled parallel-group trial with three intervention and one control arms, 240 individuals consuming >5% total energy intake from free sugars will be randomized to receive: nutrient-based, nutrient- and food-based, nutrient-, food- and food-substitution-based recommendations or no recommendations, with outcomes assessed for the following 12 weeks. Our primary outcomes are free sugar intakes and adherence to the recommendations. Secondary outcomes are daily energy intake, dietary composition, anthropometry, sweet food perceptions and preferences, sweet food choice, attitudes towards sweet foods, eating behaviour and food choice, knowledge and lifestyle variables, quality of life, adverse events, and barriers and facilitators towards intervention adherence.
Results: Data will contribute to three distinct analyses: 1) Analyses to investigate the effects of the three different dietary recommendations versus control; 2) Analyses of the effects of the dietary recommendations in different population subgroups, and 3) Investigation of the barriers and facilitators to success.
Conclusion: This work offers new perspectives on the effects of different dietary recommendations to enact behaviour change.
{"title":"Protocol: The effects of nutrient- vs food- vs food-substitution-based dietary recommendations for reducing free sugar intakes, on free sugar intakes, dietary profiles and sweet taste outcomes: A randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Lucy R Boxall, Emily Arden-Close, Janet James, Katherine M Appleton","doi":"10.1177/02601060221111234","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221111234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary guidelines are intended to inform and aid the general public, with the aim of improving healthy diets and reducing health risk. The effectiveness of these guidelines, however, is rarely investigated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This work investigates the effects of three different types of dietary recommendations for reducing free sugars, on free sugar intakes over 12 weeks. Secondary aims will also investigate how these different recommendations affect secondary outcomes, outcomes in subsets of the trial population, and identify barriers and facilitators to dietary change.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a randomised controlled parallel-group trial with three intervention and one control arms, 240 individuals consuming >5% total energy intake from free sugars will be randomized to receive: nutrient-based, nutrient- and food-based, nutrient-, food- and food-substitution-based recommendations or no recommendations, with outcomes assessed for the following 12 weeks. Our primary outcomes are free sugar intakes and adherence to the recommendations. Secondary outcomes are daily energy intake, dietary composition, anthropometry, sweet food perceptions and preferences, sweet food choice, attitudes towards sweet foods, eating behaviour and food choice, knowledge and lifestyle variables, quality of life, adverse events, and barriers and facilitators towards intervention adherence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data will contribute to three distinct analyses: 1) Analyses to investigate the effects of the three different dietary recommendations versus control; 2) Analyses of the effects of the dietary recommendations in different population subgroups, and 3) Investigation of the barriers and facilitators to success.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work offers new perspectives on the effects of different dietary recommendations to enact behaviour change.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40595980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2022-09-16DOI: 10.1177/02601060221124201
Vanessa L P de Oliveira, Mauren M de Freitas, Tatiana P de Paula, Mayara L Gubert, Maria E P Miller, Renata A Schuchmann, Karen L A Souza, Luciana V Viana
Background and aims: To evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification by adopting a DASH diet, with and without physical activity guidance, on blood pressure, glycemic control, lipid profile, weight, and body composition in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension.
Methods and results: For this randomized clinical trial, we recruited patients aged 60 years or older with T2DM and uncontrolled hypertension. One group (DASH) received only DASH dietary guidance, while the other group (DASHPED) received dietary guidance and encouragement to walk with a pedometer. Outcomes of interest were (1) blood pressure, (2) physical activity, (3) weight, body mass index (BMI), and body composition, and (4) biochemical variables. Measurements were taken at baseline and 16 weeks after the intervention. We included 35 patients in the analysis. At the end of the study, the DASHPED group had an mean increase in physical activity of 1721 steps/day. Both groups displayed significantly reduced weight, BMI, and waking diastolic pressures on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring after the intervention. A trend of reduced sleeping diastolic pressure was found in the DASHPED group. Changes in weight, BMI, muscle mass, body fat, waist-hip ratio, glycemic control, lipid profile, and insulin sensitivity did not differ between the groups.
Conclusion: There was no difference in outcomes between the group that only dieted and the group that also performed increased physical activity, despite a significant increase in exercise. This reinforces the importance of dietary changes in immediate blood pressure control.
{"title":"DASH diet vs. DASH diet plus physical activity in older patients with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Vanessa L P de Oliveira, Mauren M de Freitas, Tatiana P de Paula, Mayara L Gubert, Maria E P Miller, Renata A Schuchmann, Karen L A Souza, Luciana V Viana","doi":"10.1177/02601060221124201","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221124201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>To evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification by adopting a DASH diet, with and without physical activity guidance, on blood pressure, glycemic control, lipid profile, weight, and body composition in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>For this randomized clinical trial, we recruited patients aged 60 years or older with T2DM and uncontrolled hypertension. One group (DASH) received only DASH dietary guidance, while the other group (DASHPED) received dietary guidance and encouragement to walk with a pedometer. Outcomes of interest were (1) blood pressure, (2) physical activity, (3) weight, body mass index (BMI), and body composition, and (4) biochemical variables. Measurements were taken at baseline and 16 weeks after the intervention. We included 35 patients in the analysis. At the end of the study, the DASHPED group had an mean increase in physical activity of 1721 steps/day. Both groups displayed significantly reduced weight, BMI, and waking diastolic pressures on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring after the intervention. A trend of reduced sleeping diastolic pressure was found in the DASHPED group. Changes in weight, BMI, muscle mass, body fat, waist-hip ratio, glycemic control, lipid profile, and insulin sensitivity did not differ between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no difference in outcomes between the group that only dieted and the group that also performed increased physical activity, despite a significant increase in exercise. This reinforces the importance of dietary changes in immediate blood pressure control.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40365703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1177/02601060231189314
Adrian Meule
Based on a recent cross-sectional study using self-report questionnaires, Dinse and colleagues (2023) claim that this study shows that "the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic causes a dysfunctional dietary behavior" (title) and that the "data clearly show that psychological burdens affect an individual's dietary behavior" (abstract). This commentary argues that these claims are unfounded. Specifically, it highlights some issues regarding the statistical analyses that refer to artificial categorization of continuous variables, use of covariates, and interpreting differential associations between two variables as a function of third variables, which would require formal tests of interaction effects. Importantly, not only the cross-sectional nature of the study but also the wording used in the questionnaires prevents drawing any causal inferences about associations between study variables. Thus, the results of this study neither indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic causes dysfunctional dietary behavior nor that such a dietary behavior is affected by psychological distress.
{"title":"Does the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic actually cause dysfunctional dietary behavior? A comment on Dinse et al. (2023).","authors":"Adrian Meule","doi":"10.1177/02601060231189314","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060231189314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on a recent cross-sectional study using self-report questionnaires, Dinse and colleagues (2023) claim that this study shows that \"the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic causes a dysfunctional dietary behavior\" (title) and that the \"data clearly show that psychological burdens affect an individual's dietary behavior\" (abstract). This commentary argues that these claims are unfounded. Specifically, it highlights some issues regarding the statistical analyses that refer to artificial categorization of continuous variables, use of covariates, and interpreting differential associations between two variables as a function of third variables, which would require formal tests of interaction effects. Importantly, not only the cross-sectional nature of the study but also the wording used in the questionnaires prevents drawing any causal inferences about associations between study variables. Thus, the results of this study neither indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic causes dysfunctional dietary behavior nor that such a dietary behavior is affected by psychological distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10372498/pdf/10.1177_02601060231189314.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9878610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2022-07-25DOI: 10.1177/02601060221115588
Heather F McClintock, Brittany E Imel
Background: Medication restricting behaviours are common among persons with diabetes increasing risk for poor health outcomes. Persons with diabetes are more likely to experience food insecurity than persons without diabetes.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship between food insecurity and medication restricting behaviour among persons with diabetes in the United States.
Methods: Data from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data conducted in the United States was used for this analysis. Medication restricting behaviour was assessed by questions asking whether four restricting behaviours were present (skipped medication, took less medication, delayed filling a prescription and/or took less medication due to cost). Food insecurity status was obtained through a 10-item scale and participants were categorized as either food secure, low food security, or very low food security. Poisson regression evaluated the relationship between medication restricting behaviour and food insecurity controlling for confounders.
Results: Participants with very low food security had a significantly higher mean number of medication restricting behaviours than participants who were food secure (adjusted mean ratio (AMR) = 4.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) = (3.09, 5.21)). Similarly, participants with low food security had a significantly higher mean ratio than participants who were food secure (AMR = 3.76; 95% CI = (2.86. 4.94).
Conclusion: Persons with diabetes who have low or very low food security are at an increased risk for engaging in medication restricting behaviours.
{"title":"Food insecurity and medication restricting behavior among persons with diabetes in the United States.","authors":"Heather F McClintock, Brittany E Imel","doi":"10.1177/02601060221115588","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221115588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medication restricting behaviours are common among persons with diabetes increasing risk for poor health outcomes. Persons with diabetes are more likely to experience food insecurity than persons without diabetes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to assess the relationship between food insecurity and medication restricting behaviour among persons with diabetes in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data conducted in the United States was used for this analysis. Medication restricting behaviour was assessed by questions asking whether four restricting behaviours were present (skipped medication, took less medication, delayed filling a prescription and/or took less medication due to cost). Food insecurity status was obtained through a 10-item scale and participants were categorized as either food secure, low food security, or very low food security. Poisson regression evaluated the relationship between medication restricting behaviour and food insecurity controlling for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with very low food security had a significantly higher mean number of medication restricting behaviours than participants who were food secure (adjusted mean ratio (AMR) = 4.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) = (3.09, 5.21)). Similarly, participants with low food security had a significantly higher mean ratio than participants who were food secure (AMR = 3.76; 95% CI = (2.86. 4.94).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Persons with diabetes who have low or very low food security are at an increased risk for engaging in medication restricting behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40623436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1177/02601060221109985
Michael Lartey, Samuel Frimpong-Manso, Stephen O Amoah, Daniel Boamah, Awan Abdul Rashid Mohammed
Background: The use of fruits and vegetables for the management and treatment of erectile dysfunction has gained popularity due to the cheaper cost, accessibility and perceived absence of side effects. Much of the work done on plant-based aphrodisiacs has focused on the phytochemistry of secondary metabolites.
Aim: This work sought to analyze selected fruits and vegetables that are commonly used in the management of erectile dysfunction in Ghana and quantify the levels of some micro- and macro-elements necessary for good penile health in order to determine the usefulness or otherwise of the selected produce.
Methods: Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used to detect and quantify the levels of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), selenium (Se), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in carrot roots, cucumber fruit, garlic bulb, ginger rhizome, nutmeg fruit, sweet potato tuber, tiger nut tuber and watermelon fruit.
Results: The analysis revealed the presence of K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn. Levels of Se were below detection. The concentration of K was the highest in each of the food substances. However, in terms of recommended daily allowance, Mg had the highest contribution. Cucumber fruit and the rind of watermelon fruit had the highest levels of micro- and macro-elements implicated in erectile dysfunction.
Conclusion: The potential use of these foods to treat and manage erectile dysfunction may not only be due to the presence of phytochemicals alone but also the presence of significant levels of micro- and macro-elements required for good penile health.
背景:使用水果和蔬菜来控制和治疗勃起功能障碍的做法因其成本低廉、容易获得且无副作用而受到欢迎。目的:这项工作旨在分析加纳常用于治疗勃起功能障碍的部分水果和蔬菜,并量化阴茎健康所需的一些微量和宏量元素的含量,以确定所选产品是否有用:方法:使用能量色散 X 射线荧光光谱法检测和量化胡萝卜根、黄瓜果实、大蒜球茎、生姜根茎、肉豆蔻果实、甘薯块茎、虎皮果块茎和西瓜果实中钾(K)、钙(Ca)、硒(Se)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)和锌(Zn)的含量:分析表明,胡萝卜根中含有钾、钙、镁、铁和锌。硒的含量低于检测水平。在每种食品中,钾的含量最高。不过,就每日建议摄入量而言,镁的含量最高。黄瓜果实和西瓜皮中与勃起功能障碍有关的微量和宏量元素含量最高:这些食物之所以能治疗和控制勃起功能障碍,可能不仅仅是因为它们含有植物化学物质,还因为它们含有大量阴茎健康所需的微量和宏量元素。
{"title":"Levels of elements in selected food substances that support usage in the management and treatment of erectile dysfunction.","authors":"Michael Lartey, Samuel Frimpong-Manso, Stephen O Amoah, Daniel Boamah, Awan Abdul Rashid Mohammed","doi":"10.1177/02601060221109985","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221109985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of fruits and vegetables for the management and treatment of erectile dysfunction has gained popularity due to the cheaper cost, accessibility and perceived absence of side effects. Much of the work done on plant-based aphrodisiacs has focused on the phytochemistry of secondary metabolites.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This work sought to analyze selected fruits and vegetables that are commonly used in the management of erectile dysfunction in Ghana and quantify the levels of some micro- and macro-elements necessary for good penile health in order to determine the usefulness or otherwise of the selected produce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used to detect and quantify the levels of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), selenium (Se), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in carrot roots, cucumber fruit, garlic bulb, ginger rhizome, nutmeg fruit, sweet potato tuber, tiger nut tuber and watermelon fruit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed the presence of K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn. Levels of Se were below detection. The concentration of K was the highest in each of the food substances. However, in terms of recommended daily allowance, Mg had the highest contribution. Cucumber fruit and the rind of watermelon fruit had the highest levels of micro- and macro-elements implicated in erectile dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The potential use of these foods to treat and manage erectile dysfunction may not only be due to the presence of phytochemicals alone but also the presence of significant levels of micro- and macro-elements required for good penile health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10713071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2022-09-04DOI: 10.1177/02601060221123183
Oluwafolahan O Sholeye, Kolawole J Sodeinde, Victor J Animasahun, Margaret Ojeahere, Abiola A Gbadebo
Background: The burden of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa is enormous. A higher proportion of the population suffer the consequences of food insecurity, hunger and undernourishment than previously assumed. Food insecurity among adolescents has been documented to be associated with malnutrition, poor health outcomes, low educational attainment and other negative consequences. Aim: This study therefore assessed food insecurity and its associated factors among adolescents in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1300 in-school adolescents in Sagamu Township, Ogun State in southwestern Nigeria, selected via multi-stage sampling. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed with the aid of SPSS 20.0. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated, with p < 0.05. Result: The prevalence of food insecurity was 45%, of which 34.6% had mild food insecurity, 34.7% had moderate food insecurity, while others experienced the severe form of food insecurity. Gender, age; maternal occupation, maternal education, living arrangement, low sense of self-worth, alcohol intake and cigarette smoking were associated (p < 0.05) with food insecurity. Predictors of food insecurity were: age; maternal education, living arrangement and some behavioral factors. Conclusion: The prevalence of food insecurity among adolescents in Sagamu was high. Multi-sectorial action is essential in tackling the challenges of food insecurity and its numerous consequences among adolescents, at all levels of governance.
{"title":"Food insufficiency and its associated factors: Experiences of in-school adolescents in Sagamu Township, southwest Nigeria.","authors":"Oluwafolahan O Sholeye, Kolawole J Sodeinde, Victor J Animasahun, Margaret Ojeahere, Abiola A Gbadebo","doi":"10.1177/02601060221123183","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221123183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The burden of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa is enormous. A higher proportion of the population suffer the consequences of food insecurity, hunger and undernourishment than previously assumed. Food insecurity among adolescents has been documented to be associated with malnutrition, poor health outcomes, low educational attainment and other negative consequences. <b>Aim:</b> This study therefore assessed food insecurity and its associated factors among adolescents in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1300 in-school adolescents in Sagamu Township, Ogun State in southwestern Nigeria, selected via multi-stage sampling. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed with the aid of SPSS 20.0. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated, with <i>p</i> < 0.05. <b>Result:</b> The prevalence of food insecurity was 45%, of which 34.6% had mild food insecurity, 34.7% had moderate food insecurity, while others experienced the severe form of food insecurity<b>.</b> Gender, age; maternal occupation, maternal education, living arrangement, low sense of self-worth, alcohol intake and cigarette smoking were associated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with food insecurity. Predictors of food insecurity were: age; maternal education, living arrangement and some behavioral factors. <b>Conclusion:</b> The prevalence of food insecurity among adolescents in Sagamu was high. Multi-sectorial action is essential in tackling the challenges of food insecurity and its numerous consequences among adolescents, at all levels of governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40350401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2022-07-21DOI: 10.1177/02601060221113928
Ruopeng An, Joshua Perez-Cruet, Junjie Wang
Background: Nuts are nutrient-dense foods that contribute to healthier eating. Food image datasets enable artificial intelligence (AI) powered diet-tracking apps to help people monitor daily eating patterns.
Aim: This study aimed to create an image dataset of commonly consumed nut types and use it to build an AI computer vision model to automate nut type classification tasks.
Methods: iPhone 11 was used to take photos of 11 nut types-almond, brazil nut, cashew, chestnut, hazelnut, macadamia, peanut, pecan, pine nut, pistachio, and walnut. The dataset contains 2200 images, 200 per nut type. The dataset was randomly split into the training (60% or 1320 images), validation (20% or 440 images), and test sets (20% or 440 images). A neural network model was constructed and trained using transfer learning and other computer vision techniques-data augmentation, mixup, normalization, label smoothing, and learning rate optimization.
Results: The trained neural network model correctly predicted 338 out of 440 images (40 per nut type) in the validation set, achieving 99.55% accuracy. Moreover, the model classified the 440 images in the test set with 100% accuracy.
Conclusion: This study built a nut image dataset and used it to train a neural network model to classify images by nut type. The model achieved near-perfect accuracy on the validation and test sets, demonstrating the feasibility of automating nut type classification using smartphone photos. Being made open-source, the dataset and model can assist the development of diet-tracking apps that facilitate users' adoption and adherence to a healthy diet.
{"title":"We got nuts! use deep neural networks to classify images of common edible nuts.","authors":"Ruopeng An, Joshua Perez-Cruet, Junjie Wang","doi":"10.1177/02601060221113928","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221113928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nuts are nutrient-dense foods that contribute to healthier eating. Food image datasets enable artificial intelligence (AI) powered diet-tracking apps to help people monitor daily eating patterns.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to create an image dataset of commonly consumed nut types and use it to build an AI computer vision model to automate nut type classification tasks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>iPhone 11 was used to take photos of 11 nut types-almond, brazil nut, cashew, chestnut, hazelnut, macadamia, peanut, pecan, pine nut, pistachio, and walnut. The dataset contains 2200 images, 200 per nut type. The dataset was randomly split into the training (60% or 1320 images), validation (20% or 440 images), and test sets (20% or 440 images). A neural network model was constructed and trained using transfer learning and other computer vision techniques-data augmentation, mixup, normalization, label smoothing, and learning rate optimization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The trained neural network model correctly predicted 338 out of 440 images (40 per nut type) in the validation set, achieving 99.55% accuracy. Moreover, the model classified the 440 images in the test set with 100% accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study built a nut image dataset and used it to train a neural network model to classify images by nut type. The model achieved near-perfect accuracy on the validation and test sets, demonstrating the feasibility of automating nut type classification using smartphone photos. Being made open-source, the dataset and model can assist the development of diet-tracking apps that facilitate users' adoption and adherence to a healthy diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40634294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1177/02601060231201890
Nauman Khalid
Background: Processed and semi-processed foods are getting popular in the diets of the Western population. The Western diet is almost coupled with consuming carbonated beverages, either alcoholic or nonalcoholic. The presence of sugar, caffeine, and alcohol in different carbonated beverages and detrimental dietary patterns are leading causes of obesity, diabetes, and periodontal diseases in the young population. Aims: This article aims to review the impact of carbonated beverages on early onset of osteoporosis. Methods: A nonsystematic literature review searches in PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases with predefined terms relating to carbonated beverages, caffeine intake, childhood obesity, osteoporosis, and bone softness. Results: Bone diseases significantly increase due to early exposure to caffeine and phosphoric acid in the pubertal period. Musculoskeletal growth is a dynamic and complex process, and bone mass achievement is of great importance in this process. According to the global burden of diseases, bone disorders consist of "6.8% of total disability-adjusted life-years." The consumption of soft drinks and their impact on bone accretion and bone mineral density in the young population is under research in the current literature on osteoporotic disorders. Since bone is a metabolically active tissue, it's in constant reconstruction mode. This process is regulated by genetic, hormonal, nutritional, and physical factors. Any imbalance in one of these processes might lead to mineral deposition and osteoporosis. Conclusion: Habitual intake of carbonated drinks with added sugars and caffeine is associated with increased body weight and bone fragility; stringent regulations are needed for proper education.
背景:加工和半加工食品在西方人的饮食中越来越流行。西方人的饮食几乎与饮用碳酸饮料(含酒精或不含酒精)联系在一起。不同碳酸饮料中含有的糖、咖啡因和酒精以及有害的饮食模式是导致年轻人肥胖、糖尿病和牙周疾病的主要原因。目的:本文旨在回顾碳酸饮料对早期骨质疏松症的影响。方法:通过非系统性的文献综述,在全球范围内搜索碳酸饮料:以碳酸饮料、咖啡因摄入量、儿童肥胖、骨质疏松症和骨质软化相关的预定义词在 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 电子数据库中进行非系统性文献综述检索。研究结果由于青春期过早接触咖啡因和磷酸,骨骼疾病明显增加。肌肉骨骼的生长是一个动态而复杂的过程,而骨量的实现在这一过程中至关重要。根据全球疾病负担,骨骼疾病占 "总残疾调整寿命年数的 6.8%"。在目前有关骨质疏松症的文献中,软饮料的消费及其对年轻人骨增生和骨矿物质密度的影响正在研究之中。由于骨骼是一种新陈代谢活跃的组织,它处于持续的重建模式。这一过程受遗传、荷尔蒙、营养和物理因素的调节。其中任何一个过程的失衡都可能导致矿物质沉积和骨质疏松症。结论习惯性摄入添加了糖和咖啡因的碳酸饮料与体重增加和骨质脆弱有关;需要制定严格的法规来进行适当的教育。
{"title":"Impact of carbonated beverages on early onset of osteoporosis: A narrative review.","authors":"Nauman Khalid","doi":"10.1177/02601060231201890","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060231201890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Processed and semi-processed foods are getting popular in the diets of the Western population. The Western diet is almost coupled with consuming carbonated beverages, either alcoholic or nonalcoholic. The presence of sugar, caffeine, and alcohol in different carbonated beverages and detrimental dietary patterns are leading causes of obesity, diabetes, and periodontal diseases in the young population. <b>Aims:</b> This article aims to review the impact of carbonated beverages on early onset of osteoporosis. <b>Methods:</b> A nonsystematic literature review searches in PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases with predefined terms relating to carbonated beverages, caffeine intake, childhood obesity, osteoporosis, and bone softness. <b>Results:</b> Bone diseases significantly increase due to early exposure to caffeine and phosphoric acid in the pubertal period. Musculoskeletal growth is a dynamic and complex process, and bone mass achievement is of great importance in this process. According to the global burden of diseases, bone disorders consist of \"6.8% of total disability-adjusted life-years.\" The consumption of soft drinks and their impact on bone accretion and bone mineral density in the young population is under research in the current literature on osteoporotic disorders. Since bone is a metabolically active tissue, it's in constant reconstruction mode. This process is regulated by genetic, hormonal, nutritional, and physical factors. Any imbalance in one of these processes might lead to mineral deposition and osteoporosis. <b>Conclusion:</b> Habitual intake of carbonated drinks with added sugars and caffeine is associated with increased body weight and bone fragility; stringent regulations are needed for proper education.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10216132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}