Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1177/02601060241277579
Wen-Yu Hsu, Suh-Woan Hu, Chin-En Yen
This study aimed to explore the relationship between food intake frequency, weight status, and intelligence among school children. A cross-sectional study involved 562 children (aged 6.3-12.7 years) randomly selected from five elementary schools in Taichung City, Taiwan. Demographic information was collected, and the children's body weight and height were measured to calculate their body mass index. A food frequency questionnaire assessed the participating children's dietary habits. Intelligence quotient scores were evaluated using Raven's colored progress matrices for first and second graders, and Raven's standard progressive matrices for third to sixth graders. This study found that there was no significant relationship in intelligence quotient scores between gender, birth order groups, and weight status. The higher consumption of pork liver, hamburgers, fruit juices, and the Taiwanese snack "Science Noodles" was associated with lower intelligence quotient scores among school children.
{"title":"The relationship between the food intake frequency, weight status and intelligence in school children.","authors":"Wen-Yu Hsu, Suh-Woan Hu, Chin-En Yen","doi":"10.1177/02601060241277579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060241277579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to explore the relationship between food intake frequency, weight status, and intelligence among school children. A cross-sectional study involved 562 children (aged 6.3-12.7 years) randomly selected from five elementary schools in Taichung City, Taiwan. Demographic information was collected, and the children's body weight and height were measured to calculate their body mass index. A food frequency questionnaire assessed the participating children's dietary habits. Intelligence quotient scores were evaluated using Raven's colored progress matrices for first and second graders, and Raven's standard progressive matrices for third to sixth graders. This study found that there was no significant relationship in intelligence quotient scores between gender, birth order groups, and weight status. The higher consumption of pork liver, hamburgers, fruit juices, and the Taiwanese snack \"Science Noodles\" was associated with lower intelligence quotient scores among school children.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1177/02601060241254944
{"title":"Retraction Notice - Effects of the application of a food processing-based classification system in obese women: A randomized controlled pilot study.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02601060241254944","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060241254944","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141071519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: As nutritional needs increase in adolescence, dairy consumption can play a key role in health and disease prevention; however, unfortunately, inadequate consumption of milk and dairy products has often been reported in adolescents. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between decisional balance, self-efficacy, and the processes of change with the stages of change for dairy consumption in female high school students in Shaft county located in the west of Gilan Province, Iran. Methods: A total of 385 female high school students in Shaft County were studied through the census method in 2019. The data collection instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire consisting of demographic information, stages of change and items of transtheoretical model constructs including the processes of change (cognitive process: consciousness-raising, dramatic relief, self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation, and social liberation; behavioral process: self-liberation, counter conditioning, reinforcement management, stimulus control and helping relationships), decisional balance and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software. Results: A total of 208 (54%), 53 (13.8%), 56 (14.5%), 32 (8.3%) and 36 (9.4%) students were in the pre-contemplate, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance stages, respectively. As the subjects progressed through the stage of change for dairy consumption, an increase in the mean score of self-efficacy, decisional balance, and processes of change was observed (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The constructs of the transtheoretical model should be considered in designing educational interventions to promote dairy consumption with regard to the stage of change for dairy consumption in the subjects.
{"title":"Stages of dairy product consumption among Iranian female high school students based on transtheoretical model: The case of osteoporosis prevention.","authors":"Nooshin Rouhani-Tonekaboni, Asieh Ashouri, Fardin Mehrabian, Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan, Nasibeh Farmani-Ghasbeh, Parisa Kasmaei, Tahereh Kamalikhah","doi":"10.1177/02601060221131207","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221131207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> As nutritional needs increase in adolescence, dairy consumption can play a key role in health and disease prevention; however, unfortunately, inadequate consumption of milk and dairy products has often been reported in adolescents. <b>Aim:</b> The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between decisional balance, self-efficacy, and the processes of change with the stages of change for dairy consumption in female high school students in Shaft county located in the west of Gilan Province, Iran. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 385 female high school students in Shaft County were studied through the census method in 2019. The data collection instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire consisting of demographic information, stages of change and items of transtheoretical model constructs including the processes of change (cognitive process: consciousness-raising, dramatic relief, self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation, and social liberation; behavioral process: self-liberation, counter conditioning, reinforcement management, stimulus control and helping relationships), decisional balance and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software. <b>Results:</b> A total of 208 (54%), 53 (13.8%), 56 (14.5%), 32 (8.3%) and 36 (9.4%) students were in the pre-contemplate, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance stages, respectively. As the subjects progressed through the stage of change for dairy consumption, an increase in the mean score of self-efficacy, decisional balance, and processes of change was observed (<i>P</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusion:</b> The constructs of the transtheoretical model should be considered in designing educational interventions to promote dairy consumption with regard to the stage of change for dairy consumption in the subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33502538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-05-20DOI: 10.1177/02601060241253327
Bridget Beggs, Monica Bustos, Laura Jane Brubacher, Matthew Little, Lincoln Lau, Warren Dodd
Background: Community-based nutrition interventions have been established as the standard of care for identifying and treating acute malnutrition among children 6-59 months in low- and lower-middle-income countries. However, limited research has examined the factors that influence the implementation of the community-based component of interventions that address severe acute malnutrition and moderate acute malnutrition among children. Aim: The objective of this review was to identify and describe the facilitators and barriers in implementing complex community-based nutrition interventions to address acute malnutrition among children in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Methods: This review used a systematic search strategy to identify existing peer-reviewed literature from three databases on complex community-based interventions (defined as including active surveillance, treatment, and education in community settings) to address severe acute malnutrition and moderate acute malnutrition in children. Results: In total, 1771 sources were retrieved from peer-reviewed databases, with 38 sources included in the review, covering 26 different interventions. Through an iterative deductive and inductive analysis approach, three main domains (household and interpersonal, sociocultural and geographical; operational and administrative) and eight mechanisms were classified, which were central to the successful implementation of complex community-based interventions to address acute child malnutrition. Conclusion: Overall, this review highlights the importance of addressing contextual and geographical challenges to support participant access and program operations. There is a need to critically examine program design and structure to promote intervention adherence and effectiveness. In addition, there is an opportunity to direct resources towards community health workers to facilitate long-term community trust and engagement.
{"title":"Facilitators and barriers to implementing complex community-based interventions for addressing acute malnutrition in low- and lower-middle income countries: A scoping review.","authors":"Bridget Beggs, Monica Bustos, Laura Jane Brubacher, Matthew Little, Lincoln Lau, Warren Dodd","doi":"10.1177/02601060241253327","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060241253327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Community-based nutrition interventions have been established as the standard of care for identifying and treating acute malnutrition among children 6-59 months in low- and lower-middle-income countries. However, limited research has examined the factors that influence the implementation of the community-based component of interventions that address severe acute malnutrition and moderate acute malnutrition among children. <b>Aim:</b> The objective of this review was to identify and describe the facilitators and barriers in implementing complex community-based nutrition interventions to address acute malnutrition among children in low- and lower-middle-income countries. <b>Methods:</b> This review used a systematic search strategy to identify existing peer-reviewed literature from three databases on complex community-based interventions (defined as including active surveillance, treatment, and education in community settings) to address severe acute malnutrition and moderate acute malnutrition in children. <b>Results:</b> In total, 1771 sources were retrieved from peer-reviewed databases, with 38 sources included in the review, covering 26 different interventions. Through an iterative deductive and inductive analysis approach, three main domains (household and interpersonal, sociocultural and geographical; operational and administrative) and eight mechanisms were classified, which were central to the successful implementation of complex community-based interventions to address acute child malnutrition. <b>Conclusion:</b> Overall, this review highlights the importance of addressing contextual and geographical challenges to support participant access and program operations. There is a need to critically examine program design and structure to promote intervention adherence and effectiveness. In addition, there is an opportunity to direct resources towards community health workers to facilitate long-term community trust and engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11401341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The effect of dietary patterns on sleep disorders and mental illness has previously been investigated. However, these studies have reported contradictory findings, and thus, the present study aimed to assess the association of the MIND diet on the sleep pattern and mental health in obese women.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which 282 women, aged 18-56 years with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2.with no underlying diseases and malignancies, and participated. We used a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to collect participant's dietary intake. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) were used to measure the status of sleep disturbance and psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety, and stress respectively.
Results: A decreasing trend for psychological stress was observed in the highest quartiles of MIND diet score vs. the lowest quartiles (OR = 0.6 CI: 0.23-1.5 vs. 1.16 CI: 0.55-2.47). No significant difference was observed between severity of depression (OR = 0.87 95%, CI: 0.7-1.09, P = 0.23), anxiety (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.81-1.27, P = 0.86), stress (OR = 0.99 95%, CI: 0.79-1.23, P = 0.92), and MIND diet adherence in the crude and adjusted models.
Conclusion: The main finding from this study was that there is no significant association between adherence to the MIND diet and studied psychological disorders.
背景:以前曾有人调查过饮食模式对睡眠障碍和精神疾病的影响。因此,本研究旨在评估 MIND 饮食对肥胖女性睡眠模式和精神健康的影响:这是一项横断面研究,共有 282 名年龄在 18-56 岁之间、体重指数≥ 25 kg/m2、无基础疾病和恶性肿瘤的女性参与。我们使用半定量食物频率问卷(FFQ)来收集参与者的饮食摄入量。匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)和抑郁焦虑压力量表(DASS)分别用于测量睡眠障碍和心理障碍的状况,包括抑郁、焦虑和压力:与最低四分位数相比,MIND饮食得分最高的四分位数的心理压力呈下降趋势(OR = 0.6 CI: 0.23-1.5 vs. 1.16 CI: 0.55-2.47)。在粗略模型和调整模型中,未观察到抑郁严重程度(OR = 0.87 95%,CI:0.7-1.09,P = 0.23)、焦虑(OR = 1.02,95% CI:0.81-1.27,P = 0.86)、压力(OR = 0.99 95%,CI:0.79-1.23,P = 0.92)和 MIND 饮食坚持率之间存在明显差异:本研究的主要发现是,坚持 MIND 饮食与所研究的心理障碍之间没有显著关联。
{"title":"Associations between adherence to the MIND diet and prevalence of psychological disorders, and sleep disorders severity among obese and overweight women: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Atefeh Seifollahi, Lilit Sardari, Habib Yarizadeh, Atieh Mirzababaei, Farideh Shiraseb, Cain Ct Clark, Khadijeh Mirzaei","doi":"10.1177/02601060221127461","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221127461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of dietary patterns on sleep disorders and mental illness has previously been investigated. However, these studies have reported contradictory findings, and thus, the present study aimed to assess the association of the MIND diet on the sleep pattern and mental health in obese women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study in which 282 women, aged 18-56 years with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>.with no underlying diseases and malignancies, and participated. We used a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to collect participant's dietary intake. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) were used to measure the status of sleep disturbance and psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety, and stress respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A decreasing trend for psychological stress was observed in the highest quartiles of MIND diet score vs. the lowest quartiles (OR = 0.6 CI: 0.23-1.5 vs. 1.16 CI: 0.55-2.47). No significant difference was observed between severity of depression (OR = 0.87 95%, CI: 0.7-1.09, <i>P</i> = 0.23), anxiety (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.81-1.27, <i>P</i> = 0.86), stress (OR = 0.99 95%, CI: 0.79-1.23, <i>P</i> = 0.92), and MIND diet adherence in the crude and adjusted models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The main finding from this study was that there is no significant association between adherence to the MIND diet and studied psychological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40375474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-01-17DOI: 10.1177/02601060221131726
Kousalya Nathan, Malligai E, Sugin Lal Jabaris S, Naveen K Visweswaraiah
Background: Although Calorie Restriction (CR) is primarily considered in obesity management, behavioral studies of CR and its methodology of implementation are not well-defined. Objective: The study aimed to determine the efficacy of the extensively researched method of CR-abrupt calorie restriction (ACR) and a newly proposed gradual calorie restriction (GCR) in terms of body weight, behavioral and biochemical parameters in the obese animal model-C57BL/6J mice. Design: Male obese mice were subjected to GCR regimen for 14 weeks which was compared and evaluated for anxiety-like behavior and stress levels with ACR. Plasma corticosterone was measured before initiation of CR and every three weeks following GCR and ACR, whereas plasma insulin was measured twice-after obesity induction and post 14 weeks of CR. The behavioral assessments were conducted before inducing CR and every three weeks following ACR and GCR. Results: A significant anxiety-like behavior and an increase in plasma corticosterone were observed in mice on GCR during the critical initial six weeks of CR (p < 0.05). Both groups showed a decrease in plasma glucose levels; however, the GCR group showed a significant reduction (p < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in social interaction in both groups with an increase in the latency period and a decrease in time spent with the stranger animal during the social interaction test (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The mice on GCR regimen demonstrated lesser anxiety-like behavior and low plasma corticosterone levels compared to those on ACR. This gives us a new avenue in CR research to evaluate the methodologies of implementing CR.
{"title":"Effect of abrupt and gradual calorie restriction regimens on biochemical and behavioral markers in obese mice model.","authors":"Kousalya Nathan, Malligai E, Sugin Lal Jabaris S, Naveen K Visweswaraiah","doi":"10.1177/02601060221131726","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221131726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Although Calorie Restriction (CR) is primarily considered in obesity management, behavioral studies of CR and its methodology of implementation are not well-defined. <b>Objective:</b> The study aimed to determine the efficacy of the extensively researched method of CR-abrupt calorie restriction (ACR) and a newly proposed gradual calorie restriction (GCR) in terms of body weight, behavioral and biochemical parameters in the obese animal model-C57BL/6J mice. <b>Design:</b> Male obese mice were subjected to GCR regimen for 14 weeks which was compared and evaluated for anxiety-like behavior and stress levels with ACR. Plasma corticosterone was measured before initiation of CR and every three weeks following GCR and ACR, whereas plasma insulin was measured twice-after obesity induction and post 14 weeks of CR. The behavioral assessments were conducted before inducing CR and every three weeks following ACR and GCR. <b>Results:</b> A significant anxiety-like behavior and an increase in plasma corticosterone were observed in mice on GCR during the critical initial six weeks of CR (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Both groups showed a decrease in plasma glucose levels; however, the GCR group showed a significant reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in social interaction in both groups with an increase in the latency period and a decrease in time spent with the stranger animal during the social interaction test (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> The mice on GCR regimen demonstrated lesser anxiety-like behavior and low plasma corticosterone levels compared to those on ACR. This gives us a new avenue in CR research to evaluate the methodologies of implementing CR.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10541576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Psychological characteristics of eating behaviour may be related to dietary habits.
Aim: We investigated the association between eating behaviour characteristics and nutrition and food intake adequacy in Japanese adolescents.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 136 junior high school students (boys: 90, girls: 46) at a junior high school in Tokyo, Japan. Eating behaviour was categorised into three types (emotional, external, and restrained) using scores on the Japanese version of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated, brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. Inadequate nutrient intake was determined by counting the number of nutrients not meeting the dietary reference intake (DRI) for the Japanese population. The statistical analyses included Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using JMP ver.14 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). All reported p values are two-tailed, and p < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that restrained eating score was inversely associated with the number of nutrients not meeting the DRI (β = - 0.28; p = 0.0027) and with total weight of snack intake (β = - 0.30; p = 0.0010). Neither emotional nor external eating was significantly associated with the number of nutrients not meeting the DRI and with total weight of snack intake.
Conclusions: These results suggest that adolescents with low restrained eating scores may have less self-control over their eating behaviour and may therefore have inadequate dietary intake.
{"title":"Eating behaviour characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese junior high school students: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Airi Sekine, Fumiko Okazaki, Hiroki Sugiyama, Kae Saeki, Reiko Suzuki","doi":"10.1177/02601060221138644","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221138644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychological characteristics of eating behaviour may be related to dietary habits.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We investigated the association between eating behaviour characteristics and nutrition and food intake adequacy in Japanese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 136 junior high school students (boys: 90, girls: 46) at a junior high school in Tokyo, Japan. Eating behaviour was categorised into three types (emotional, external, and restrained) using scores on the Japanese version of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated, brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. Inadequate nutrient intake was determined by counting the number of nutrients not meeting the dietary reference intake (DRI) for the Japanese population. The statistical analyses included Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using JMP ver.14 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). All reported <i>p</i> values are two-tailed, and <i>p</i> < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regression analysis showed that restrained eating score was inversely associated with the number of nutrients not meeting the DRI (<i>β</i> = - 0.28; <i>p</i> = 0.0027) and with total weight of snack intake (<i>β</i> = - 0.30; <i>p</i> = 0.0010). Neither emotional nor external eating was significantly associated with the number of nutrients not meeting the DRI and with total weight of snack intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that adolescents with low restrained eating scores may have less self-control over their eating behaviour and may therefore have inadequate dietary intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40710892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2022-10-26DOI: 10.1177/02601060221132597
Whye Lian Cheah, Edmund Chin Vui Shin, Helmy Hazmi
Background: Disordered eating is common among late adolescents and young adults who pursue an idealised body image. Aims: This study aims to determine the prevalence of disordered eating between males and females and its associated factors among college and university students in Sarawak. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 20 public and private colleges and universities in Sarawak, from September 2017 to March 2020. Respondents completed self-administered questionnaires both in the English and Malay language. Data about sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index, eating attitude, body dissatisfaction, perceived sociocultural pressure, self-esteem, drive for muscularity and perfectionism were collected. Results: A total of 776 respondents (male: 30.9%; female: 69.1%) aged 19 to 25 years old took part in the study. The overall prevalence of disordered eating was 25.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 21.9; 28.7) with females (28.6%, 95% CI 24.6; 32.9) higher than males (15.6%, 95% CI 10.5; 21.9). Multivariate analysis showed for both male and female models, perceived sociocultural pressure (male: β = 1.125, p < 0.01; female: β = 1.052, p = 0.003), drive for muscularity (male: β = 1.033, p = 0.017; female: β = 1.032, p < 0.01) and perfectionism (male: β = 1.098, p = 0.02; female:β = 1.119, p < 0.01) were predictors for disordered eating. Conclusion: The prevalence of disordered eating among college and university students in Sarawak was high. The findings suggest that although there were gender differences in the prevalence of disordered eating, its associated factors were the same. The findings of this study will be useful for designing and implementing disordered eating prevention and intervention programme.
背景:饮食失调在追求理想身体形象的青少年晚期和年轻人中很常见。目的:本研究旨在确定沙捞越州大学生饮食失调的患病率及其相关因素。方法:2017年9月至2020年3月,对沙捞越20所公立和私立高校进行横断面研究。受访者用英语和马来语完成了自我管理的问卷。收集了有关社会人口统计学特征、体重指数、饮食态度、身体不满、感知社会文化压力、自尊、追求肌肉发达和完美主义的数据。结果:调查对象776人,其中男性占30.9%;女性:69.1%),年龄在19 - 25岁。饮食失调的总体患病率为25.2%(95%可信区间(CI) 21.9;28.7),女性(28.6%,95% CI 24.6;32.9)高于男性(15.6%,95% CI 10.5;21.9)。多变量分析显示,男性和女性模型的感知社会文化压力(男性:β = 1.125, p < 0.01;女:β= 1.052,p = 0.003),推动大(男:β= 1.033,p = 0.017;女:β= 1.032,p < 0.01)和完美主义(男:β= 1.098,p = 0.02;女性:β = 1.119, p < 0.01)为饮食失调的预测因子。结论:沙捞越州大学生饮食失调患病率较高。研究结果表明,尽管饮食失调的患病率存在性别差异,但其相关因素是相同的。本研究结果将有助于饮食失调预防和干预方案的设计和实施。
{"title":"Examining gender difference in disordered eating behaviour and its associated factors among college and university students in Sarawak.","authors":"Whye Lian Cheah, Edmund Chin Vui Shin, Helmy Hazmi","doi":"10.1177/02601060221132597","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221132597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Disordered eating is common among late adolescents and young adults who pursue an idealised body image. <b>Aims:</b> This study aims to determine the prevalence of disordered eating between males and females and its associated factors among college and university students in Sarawak. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study involving 20 public and private colleges and universities in Sarawak, from September 2017 to March 2020. Respondents completed self-administered questionnaires both in the English and Malay language. Data about sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index, eating attitude, body dissatisfaction, perceived sociocultural pressure, self-esteem, drive for muscularity and perfectionism were collected. <b>Results:</b> A total of 776 respondents (male: 30.9%; female: 69.1%) aged 19 to 25 years old took part in the study. The overall prevalence of disordered eating was 25.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 21.9; 28.7) with females (28.6%, 95% CI 24.6; 32.9) higher than males (15.6%, 95% CI 10.5; 21.9). Multivariate analysis showed for both male and female models, perceived sociocultural pressure (male: β = 1.125, <i>p</i> < 0.01; female: β = 1.052, <i>p</i> = 0.003), drive for muscularity (male: β = 1.033, <i>p</i> = 0.017; female: β = 1.032, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and perfectionism (male: β = 1.098, <i>p</i> = 0.02; female:β = 1.119, <i>p</i> < 0.01) were predictors for disordered eating. <b>Conclusion:</b> The prevalence of disordered eating among college and university students in Sarawak was high. The findings suggest that although there were gender differences in the prevalence of disordered eating, its associated factors were the same. The findings of this study will be useful for designing and implementing disordered eating prevention and intervention programme.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47208476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1177/02601060231200677
Michael K McMullen
Foods contain substances impacting the acid-base balance. The Western diet is often viewed as being overly acid due to its high-level of animal-based protein and low-level of vegetable intake. Meanwhile, with ageing the ability to excrete acid compounds is reduced as kidney function declines and so there is a risk of acid retention and subsequent interstitial acidosis. Two systems used for calculating the Dietary Acid Load (DAL): the potential acid load of foods (PRAL) and the net endogenous acid production (NEAP). This report outlines weaknesses in these formulas and concludes that dietitians and nutritionists lack the necessary tools to research the acid-base hypothesis. Additionally, the report emphasizes the importance of food selection in the ageing population. Background: Foods contain substances impacting the acid-base balance. The Western diet is often viewed as being overly acid due to its high-level of animal-based protein and low-level of vegetable intake. There are concerns that the disproportionate acid intake promotes low-grade metabolic acidosis in the interstitial fluid, interstitial acidosis, and may lead to chronic disease. Two formulas are used for calculating the DAL: the PRAL and the NEAP. Both PRAL and NEAP are based on levels of protein and minerals. Aim: To identify additional food constituents that impact DAL. Methods: Review of the literature concerning the acid-forming and alkaline-forming constituents of foods. Results: Five additional food constituents were identified as potentially having a meaningful impact on DAL. The oxidation of taurine and the metabolism of fructose and purines increase acidity, whereas organic acids increase alkalinity. Additionally, polyphenols affect the microbiota which break down uric acid excreted in the intestinal tract. Conclusions: Neither PRAL nor NEAP provides complete assessments of the impact of foods on DAL. These formulas could be improved by the inclusion of dietary amino acids rather than protein, taurine, purines, fructose, organic acids and polyphenols. Currently, dietitians and nutritionists lack the necessary tools both to research the acid-base hypothesis and recommend managed diets. Managed diets are of particular importance for the elderly because of their reduced kidney function which increases the risk of acid retention and subsequent interstitial acidosis.
食物中含有影响酸碱平衡的物质。西方饮食中动物性蛋白质含量高,蔬菜摄入量低,因此经常被认为酸性过高。同时,随着年龄的增长,肾功能下降,排泄酸性化合物的能力也会降低,因此有可能出现酸性物质潴留,进而导致间质性酸中毒。膳食酸负荷(DAL)有两种计算方法:食物潜在酸负荷(PRAL)和内源性酸净产生量(NEAP)。本报告概述了这些公式的弱点,并得出结论:营养师和营养学家缺乏研究酸碱假说的必要工具。此外,报告还强调了在老龄人口中选择食物的重要性。背景:食物中含有影响酸碱平衡的物质。由于西方饮食中动物性蛋白质含量高而蔬菜摄入量低,因此经常被认为酸性过高。有人担心,过多的酸性物质摄入会导致细胞间液低度代谢性酸中毒,即细胞间酸中毒,并可能引发慢性疾病。DAL 有两种计算公式:PRAL 和 NEAP。PRAL 和 NEAP 均以蛋白质和矿物质水平为基础。目的:确定影响 DAL 的其他食物成分。方法:回顾有关食物中成酸和成碱成分的文献。结果:确定了另外五种可能对 DAL 产生重要影响的食物成分。牛磺酸的氧化以及果糖和嘌呤的新陈代谢会增加酸度,而有机酸则会增加碱度。此外,多酚会影响微生物群,而微生物群会分解排泄到肠道中的尿酸。结论:无论是 PRAL 还是 NEAP,都不能全面评估食物对 DAL 的影响。这些配方可以通过加入膳食氨基酸而不是蛋白质、牛磺酸、嘌呤、果糖、有机酸和多酚来加以改进。目前,营养师和营养学家缺乏研究酸碱假说和推荐控制饮食的必要工具。管理饮食对老年人尤为重要,因为他们的肾功能减退,增加了酸潴留和随后的间质性酸中毒的风险。
{"title":"Many foods are more acid-forming than acid-alkaline formulas indicate.","authors":"Michael K McMullen","doi":"10.1177/02601060231200677","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060231200677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foods contain substances impacting the acid-base balance. The Western diet is often viewed as being overly acid due to its high-level of animal-based protein and low-level of vegetable intake. Meanwhile, with ageing the ability to excrete acid compounds is reduced as kidney function declines and so there is a risk of acid retention and subsequent interstitial acidosis. Two systems used for calculating the Dietary Acid Load (DAL): the potential acid load of foods (PRAL) and the net endogenous acid production (NEAP). This report outlines weaknesses in these formulas and concludes that dietitians and nutritionists lack the necessary tools to research the acid-base hypothesis. Additionally, the report emphasizes the importance of food selection in the ageing population. <b>Background:</b> Foods contain substances impacting the acid-base balance. The Western diet is often viewed as being overly acid due to its high-level of animal-based protein and low-level of vegetable intake. There are concerns that the disproportionate acid intake promotes low-grade metabolic acidosis in the interstitial fluid, interstitial acidosis, and may lead to chronic disease. Two formulas are used for calculating the DAL: the PRAL and the NEAP. Both PRAL and NEAP are based on levels of protein and minerals. <b>Aim:</b> To identify additional food constituents that impact DAL. <b>Methods:</b> Review of the literature concerning the acid-forming and alkaline-forming constituents of foods. <b>Results:</b> Five additional food constituents were identified as potentially having a meaningful impact on DAL. The oxidation of taurine and the metabolism of fructose and purines increase acidity, whereas organic acids increase alkalinity. Additionally, polyphenols affect the microbiota which break down uric acid excreted in the intestinal tract. <b>Conclusions:</b> Neither PRAL nor NEAP provides complete assessments of the impact of foods on DAL. These formulas could be improved by the inclusion of dietary amino acids rather than protein, taurine, purines, fructose, organic acids and polyphenols. Currently, dietitians and nutritionists lack the necessary tools both to research the acid-base hypothesis and recommend managed diets. Managed diets are of particular importance for the elderly because of their reduced kidney function which increases the risk of acid retention and subsequent interstitial acidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10223314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Recent studies in economics showed that humans are bounded rational. This being consumers, they are not perfect judges of what matters for the standard of living. While with a marked increase in economic and social wellbeing, there is a consistent rise in obesity levels, especially in the developed world. Thus, this study intends to explore the empirical and socio-economic antecedents of human obesity across countries using six global indexes. Methods: This study used the data of 40 countries between 1975 to 2018 and used the Panel FGLS Regression with the quadratic specification. Findings: The results showed that health and food indicators increase global human obesity, environment and education indicators decrease global human obesity, and economic and social indicators follow an inverted U-shaped pattern in affecting global human obesity. Originality: Previous studies have used infant mortality and life expectancy as the major health indicator in determining the standard of living while overlooking global human obesity as a major deterrent to welfare. This study has provided a holistic assessment of the causes of obesity in global contexts.
{"title":"Global impact on human obesity - A robust non-linear panel data analysis.","authors":"Mubbasher Munir, Zahrahtul Amani Zakaria, Atif Amin Baig, Mumtazimah Binti Mohamad, Noman Arshed, Reda Alhajj","doi":"10.1177/02601060221129142","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221129142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Recent studies in economics showed that humans are bounded rational. This being consumers, they are not perfect judges of what matters for the standard of living. While with a marked increase in economic and social wellbeing, there is a consistent rise in obesity levels, especially in the developed world. Thus, this study intends to explore the empirical and socio-economic antecedents of human obesity across countries using six global indexes. <b>Methods:</b> This study used the data of 40 countries between 1975 to 2018 and used the Panel FGLS Regression with the quadratic specification. <b>Findings:</b> The results showed that health and food indicators increase global human obesity, environment and education indicators decrease global human obesity, and economic and social indicators follow an inverted U-shaped pattern in affecting global human obesity. <b>Originality:</b> Previous studies have used infant mortality and life expectancy as the major health indicator in determining the standard of living while overlooking global human obesity as a major deterrent to welfare. This study has provided a holistic assessment of the causes of obesity in global contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19352,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33487906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}