The distribution of quasars is quite a good indicator for studying the structure of the universe. The distribution of quasars around quasar 0851 + 20 gives grounds for asserting that if the number of quasars is complete and their distribution is homogeneous, then that part of the universe is homogeneous. In the distribution of extragalactic objects around quasar 0851 + 20, quasars show a more reliable result because quasars are more powerful sources and can be detected at greater distances. And the number of quasars found at certain distances is complete. With the help of this fact, it can be said that the distribution of quasars at these distances better reveals the structure of the universe. The work presents results that reveal the inhomogeneity of the structure of the Universe.
{"title":"Completeness of the number of quasars surrounding quasar 0851+20 as a sample for detecting cosmic voids","authors":"M.A. Hovhannisyan , S.A. Mkhitaryan , L.A. Mahtesyan , R.A. Karapetyan , A.P. Mahtessian","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The distribution of quasars is quite a good indicator for studying the structure of the universe. The distribution of quasars around quasar 0851 + 20 gives grounds for asserting that if the number of quasars is complete and their distribution is homogeneous, then that part of the universe is homogeneous. In the distribution of extragalactic objects around quasar 0851 + 20, quasars show a more reliable result because quasars are more powerful sources and can be detected at greater distances. And the number of quasars found at certain distances is complete. With the help of this fact, it can be said that the distribution of quasars at these distances better reveals the structure of the universe. The work presents results that reveal the inhomogeneity of the structure of the Universe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170259
Yu Wang , Yuanyuan Liu , Bin Wu , Xiangpeng Meng , Lai Zhou , Ao Ju , Jianping Cheng
High-purity germanium (HPGe) spectrometers are indispensable tools for detecting and analyzing samples with low radioactivity levels, particularly for material screening in rare event experiments. Traditional HPGe detector shielding typically requires at least a 10 cm layer of lead or additional graded-Z liners to attenuate external radiation. However, the cost and toxicity associated with low-background lead motivate the exploration of alternative primary shielding materials. This study proposes a multi-layered, steel-based shield to address these challenges. Through Monte Carlo simulations and calculations, we determined that the optimal structure consists of a 15 cm thick steel outer layer, a 5 mm low-background lead liner, and a 1 cm inner steel liner. Experimental results demonstrated that the introduction of the 5 mm lead and 1 cm steel liner combination significantly reduced the background counting rate of the BE5030 HPGe detector below 600 keV by 40% compared to a steel-only shield. Additionally, the implementation of a boil-off nitrogen purging device effectively reduced peaks associated with radon progeny, resulting in a background counting rate of 1.5 cps for the BE5030 HPGe detector in the energy range below 3000 keV. The proposed multi-layer shield for low-background HPGe spectrometry substantially decreases the use of low-background lead while maintaining background levels consistent with those of a 10 cm low-background lead chamber through the optimization of the liner, which serves as the low-energy radiation absorber.
{"title":"Design of a multi-layered shield for low-background HPGe spectrometry","authors":"Yu Wang , Yuanyuan Liu , Bin Wu , Xiangpeng Meng , Lai Zhou , Ao Ju , Jianping Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-purity germanium (HPGe) spectrometers are indispensable tools for detecting and analyzing samples with low radioactivity levels, particularly for material screening in rare event experiments. Traditional HPGe detector shielding typically requires at least a 10 cm layer of lead or additional graded-Z liners to attenuate external radiation. However, the cost and toxicity associated with low-background lead motivate the exploration of alternative primary shielding materials. This study proposes a multi-layered, steel-based shield to address these challenges. Through Monte Carlo simulations and calculations, we determined that the optimal structure consists of a 15 cm thick steel outer layer, a 5 mm low-background lead liner, and a 1 cm inner steel liner. Experimental results demonstrated that the introduction of the 5 mm lead and 1 cm steel liner combination significantly reduced the background counting rate of the BE5030 HPGe detector below 600 keV by 40% compared to a steel-only shield. Additionally, the implementation of a boil-off nitrogen purging device effectively reduced peaks associated with radon progeny, resulting in a background counting rate of 1.5 cps for the BE5030 HPGe detector in the energy range below 3000 keV. The proposed multi-layer shield for low-background HPGe spectrometry substantially decreases the use of low-background lead while maintaining background levels consistent with those of a 10 cm low-background lead chamber through the optimization of the liner, which serves as the low-energy radiation absorber.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170227
Håkan Wennlöf , Dominik Dannheim , Manuel Del Rio Viera , Katharina Dort , Doris Eckstein , Finn Feindt , Ingrid-Maria Gregor , Lennart Huth , Stephan Lachnit , Larissa Mendes , Daniil Rastorguev , Sara Ruiz Daza , Paul Schütze , Adriana Simancas , Walter Snoeys , Simon Spannagel , Marcel Stanitzki , Alessandra Tomal , Anastasiia Velyka , Gianpiero Vignola
The optimisation of the sensitive region of CMOS sensors with complex non-uniform electric fields requires precise simulations, and this can be achieved by a combination of electrostatic field simulations and Monte Carlo methods. This paper presents the guiding principles of such simulations, using a CMOS pixel sensor with a small collection electrode and a high-resistivity epitaxial layer as an example. The full simulation workflow is described, along with possible pitfalls and how to avoid them. The presented method provides an optimisation tool that is sufficiently accurate to investigate sensor behaviour and trade-offs of different sensor designs without knowledge of proprietary information.
The workflow starts with detailed electric field finite element method simulations in TCAD, using generic doping profiles. Examples of the effect of varying different parameters of the simulated sensor are shown, as well as the creation of weighting fields, and transient pulse simulations. Using this, a realistic working geometry representing the investigated sensors is determined. The fields resulting from TCAD simulations can be imported into the Monte Carlo simulation framework, which enables high-statistics simulations. Example Monte Carlo simulation setups are presented and the different parts of a simulation chain are described.
Simulation studies from small collection electrode CMOS sensors are presented, and example results are shown for both single sensors and multiple sensors in a test beam telescope configuration. The studies shown are those typically performed on sensor prototypes in test beam campaigns, and a comparison is made to test beam data, showing a maximum deviation of 4% and demonstrating that the approach is viable for generating realistic results. The presented simulation procedure thus proves a useful tool for sensor research and development.
{"title":"Simulating monolithic active pixel sensors: A technology-independent approach using generic doping profiles","authors":"Håkan Wennlöf , Dominik Dannheim , Manuel Del Rio Viera , Katharina Dort , Doris Eckstein , Finn Feindt , Ingrid-Maria Gregor , Lennart Huth , Stephan Lachnit , Larissa Mendes , Daniil Rastorguev , Sara Ruiz Daza , Paul Schütze , Adriana Simancas , Walter Snoeys , Simon Spannagel , Marcel Stanitzki , Alessandra Tomal , Anastasiia Velyka , Gianpiero Vignola","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optimisation of the sensitive region of CMOS sensors with complex non-uniform electric fields requires precise simulations, and this can be achieved by a combination of electrostatic field simulations and Monte Carlo methods. This paper presents the guiding principles of such simulations, using a CMOS pixel sensor with a small collection electrode and a high-resistivity epitaxial layer as an example. The full simulation workflow is described, along with possible pitfalls and how to avoid them. The presented method provides an optimisation tool that is sufficiently accurate to investigate sensor behaviour and trade-offs of different sensor designs without knowledge of proprietary information.</div><div>The workflow starts with detailed electric field finite element method simulations in TCAD, using generic doping profiles. Examples of the effect of varying different parameters of the simulated sensor are shown, as well as the creation of weighting fields, and transient pulse simulations. Using this, a realistic working geometry representing the investigated sensors is determined. The fields resulting from TCAD simulations can be imported into the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Allpix</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> Monte Carlo simulation framework, which enables high-statistics simulations. Example Monte Carlo simulation setups are presented and the different parts of a simulation chain are described.</div><div>Simulation studies from small collection electrode CMOS sensors are presented, and example results are shown for both single sensors and multiple sensors in a test beam telescope configuration. The studies shown are those typically performed on sensor prototypes in test beam campaigns, and a comparison is made to test beam data, showing a maximum deviation of 4% and demonstrating that the approach is viable for generating realistic results. The presented simulation procedure thus proves a useful tool for sensor research and development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170282
Lian Xue , Haipeng Zhang , Yabing Wang , Weiwei Zhang , Zhongliang Li
With the rapid development of the 4th generation high-energy synchrotron sources and X-ray free-electron laser facilities, wavefront preservation is put forward as a new challenge in compound refractive lenses (CRL) for beam transport. More sophisticated measurements are required for characterizing the performance of CRL. In this study, different methods are used to measure the misalignment and surface errors of bi-concave lens including confocal laser microscopy, X-ray speckle vector tracking, and computer tomography. The effects of the misalignment and surface errors on focus profile were also simulated based on physical optics.
{"title":"Analysis of the impact of misalignments bi-concave diamond lens on wavefront","authors":"Lian Xue , Haipeng Zhang , Yabing Wang , Weiwei Zhang , Zhongliang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of the 4th generation high-energy synchrotron sources and X-ray free-electron laser facilities, wavefront preservation is put forward as a new challenge in compound refractive lenses (CRL) for beam transport. More sophisticated measurements are required for characterizing the performance of CRL. In this study, different methods are used to measure the misalignment and surface errors of bi-concave lens including confocal laser microscopy, X-ray speckle vector tracking, and computer tomography. The effects of the misalignment and surface errors on focus profile were also simulated based on physical optics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170249
H.H. Xu , H. Utsunomiya , G.T. Fan , L.X. Liu , H.W. Wang , Z.R. Hao , Y. Zhang , S. Jin , K.J. Chen , Y.X. Yang , Q.K. Sun , Z.W. Wang , Z.C. Li , P. Jiao , M.D. Zhou , S. Ye , F. Lu , X.G. Cao
Quasi-monochromatic gamma-ray beams are produced in the laser Compton slant-scattering at the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. A high-power CO laser is operated in Gated CW mode in a wide range of pulse repetition frequencies of 1–100 kHz and pulse width s. The Gated CW operation of the CO laser generates pulse gamma-ray beams with a variety of time structure and gamma flux. We report fundamental laser properties in the Gated CW operation and the gamma flux in two cases of gamma-ray beams suited to nuclear physics experiments and industrial applications.
{"title":"Gamma-ray flux in Gated CW operation of CO2 laser at SLEGS","authors":"H.H. Xu , H. Utsunomiya , G.T. Fan , L.X. Liu , H.W. Wang , Z.R. Hao , Y. Zhang , S. Jin , K.J. Chen , Y.X. Yang , Q.K. Sun , Z.W. Wang , Z.C. Li , P. Jiao , M.D. Zhou , S. Ye , F. Lu , X.G. Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quasi-monochromatic gamma-ray beams are produced in the laser Compton slant-scattering at the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. A high-power CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> laser is operated in Gated CW mode in a wide range of pulse repetition frequencies of 1–100 kHz and pulse width <span><math><mrow><mo>></mo><mn>1</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi></mrow></math></span>s. The Gated CW operation of the CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> laser generates pulse gamma-ray beams with a variety of time structure and gamma flux. We report fundamental laser properties in the Gated CW operation and the gamma flux in two cases of gamma-ray beams suited to nuclear physics experiments and industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170268
Z. Zhang , A. Faus-Golfe , A. Korsun , B. Bai , H. Jiang , K. Oide , P. Raimondi , D. d’Enterria , S. Zhang , Z. Zhou , Y. Chi , F. Zimmermann
The FCC-ee offers the potential to measure the electron Yukawa coupling via direct s-channel Higgs production, , at a centre-of-mass (CM) energy of ∼125 GeV. This measurement is significantly facilitated if the CM energy spread of collisions can be reduced to a level comparable to the natural width of the Higgs boson, 4.1 MeV, without substantial loss in luminosity. Achieving this reduction in collision-energy spread is possible through the “monochromatization” concept. The basic idea is to create opposite correlations between spatial position and energy deviation within the colliding beams, which can be accomplished in beam optics by introducing a nonzero dispersion function with opposite signs for the two beams at the interaction point. Since the first proposal in 2016, the implementation of monochromatization at the FCC-ee has been continuously improved, starting from preliminary parametric studies. In this paper, we present a detailed study of the interaction region optics design for this newly proposed collision mode, exploring different potential configurations and their implementation in the FCC-ee global lattice, along with beam dynamics simulations and performance evaluations including the impact of “beamstrahlung.”
{"title":"Monochromatization interaction region optics design for direct s-channel Higgs production at FCC-ee","authors":"Z. Zhang , A. Faus-Golfe , A. Korsun , B. Bai , H. Jiang , K. Oide , P. Raimondi , D. d’Enterria , S. Zhang , Z. Zhou , Y. Chi , F. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The FCC-ee offers the potential to measure the electron Yukawa coupling via direct <em>s</em>-channel Higgs production, <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo>→</mo><mi>H</mi></mrow></math></span>, at a centre-of-mass (CM) energy of ∼125 GeV. This measurement is significantly facilitated if the CM energy spread of <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math></span> collisions can be reduced to a level comparable to the natural width of the Higgs boson, <span><math><msub><mi>Γ</mi><mtext>H</mtext></msub><mo>=</mo></math></span> 4.1 MeV, without substantial loss in luminosity. Achieving this reduction in collision-energy spread is possible through the “monochromatization” concept. The basic idea is to create opposite correlations between spatial position and energy deviation within the colliding beams, which can be accomplished in beam optics by introducing a nonzero dispersion function with opposite signs for the two beams at the interaction point. Since the first proposal in 2016, the implementation of monochromatization at the FCC-ee has been continuously improved, starting from preliminary parametric studies. In this paper, we present a detailed study of the interaction region optics design for this newly proposed collision mode, exploring different potential configurations and their implementation in the FCC-ee global lattice, along with beam dynamics simulations and performance evaluations including the impact of “beamstrahlung.”</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The theoretical investigation of few-particle states in strongly oblate asymmetric ellipsoidal InAs quantum dot have been performed. It is shown, that in-plane confining potential can be described in the frame of two-dimensional asymmetric oscillator potential. Electron transitions in considered structure have been studied. Pair-interacting few-electron gas has been investigated by modeling the interaction potential between electrons in the frame of the Moshinsky interaction model. The character of long-wave optical transitions between the center of mass levels of the system has been obtained when Kohn’s theorem is realized.
{"title":"Few-particle gas in strongly oblate asymmetric ellipsoidal quantum dot","authors":"A.A. Nahapetyan , M.A. Mkrtchyan , Y.Sh. Mamasakhlisov , M.Ya. Vinnichenko , D.A. Firsov , H.A. Sarkisyan","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The theoretical investigation of few-particle states in strongly oblate asymmetric ellipsoidal InAs quantum dot have been performed. It is shown, that in-plane confining potential can be described in the frame of two-dimensional asymmetric oscillator potential. Electron transitions in considered structure have been studied. Pair-interacting few-electron gas has been investigated by modeling the interaction potential between electrons in the frame of the Moshinsky interaction model. The character of long-wave optical transitions between the center of mass levels of the system has been obtained when Kohn’s theorem is realized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170271
E. El Haber , C. Mahé , J. Venara , L. Fleres , M. Cuozzo , Z. El Bitar
Alpha contamination monitoring at the exit of radiological controlled areas presents significant challenges, often inadequately addressed by traditional proximity-based alpha detectors. This study introduces an optical detection system that uses the radio-luminescence of nitrogen in ambient air, induced by alpha particles, to remotely detect alpha emitters by measuring UV photon emissions. The system features a light-tight enclosure with a UV detector, mounted on an optical reflector, to enhance the detection of alpha contamination on objects such as helmets and hand tools from a distance. The system's effectiveness has been demonstrated in experiments using sealed radioactive sources and through Monte Carlo simulations and theoretical predictions. The optical detection system successfully detected a 3270Bq alpha source from 52 cm under light-tight conditions in 30 s.
{"title":"Alpha contamination monitoring system","authors":"E. El Haber , C. Mahé , J. Venara , L. Fleres , M. Cuozzo , Z. El Bitar","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpha contamination monitoring at the exit of radiological controlled areas presents significant challenges, often inadequately addressed by traditional proximity-based alpha detectors. This study introduces an optical detection system that uses the radio-luminescence of nitrogen in ambient air, induced by alpha particles, to remotely detect alpha emitters by measuring UV photon emissions. The system features a light-tight enclosure with a UV detector, mounted on an optical reflector, to enhance the detection of alpha contamination on objects such as helmets and hand tools from a distance. The system's effectiveness has been demonstrated in experiments using sealed radioactive sources and through Monte Carlo simulations and theoretical predictions. The optical detection system successfully detected a 3270Bq alpha source from 52 cm under light-tight conditions in 30 s.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1074 ","pages":"Article 170271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170240
J.K. Adkins , Y. Akiba , A. Albataineh , M. Amaryan , I.C. Arsene , C. Ayerbe Gayoso , J. Bae , X. Bai , M.D. Baker , M. Bashkanov , R. Bellwied , F. Benmokhtar , V. Berdnikov , J.C. Bernauer , F. Bock , W. Boeglin , M. Borysova , E. Brash , P. Brindza , W.J. Briscoe , P. Zhuang
The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) detector has been designed to address the full scope of the proposed Electron Ion Collider (EIC) physics program as presented by the National Academy of Science and provide a deeper understanding of the quark–gluon structure of matter. To accomplish this, the ECCE detector offers nearly acceptance and energy coverage along with excellent tracking and particle identification. The ECCE detector was designed to be built within the budget envelope set out by the EIC project while simultaneously managing cost and schedule risks. This detector concept has been selected to be the basis for the EIC project detector.
{"title":"Design of the ECCE detector for the Electron Ion Collider","authors":"J.K. Adkins , Y. Akiba , A. Albataineh , M. Amaryan , I.C. Arsene , C. Ayerbe Gayoso , J. Bae , X. Bai , M.D. Baker , M. Bashkanov , R. Bellwied , F. Benmokhtar , V. Berdnikov , J.C. Bernauer , F. Bock , W. Boeglin , M. Borysova , E. Brash , P. Brindza , W.J. Briscoe , P. Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) detector has been designed to address the full scope of the proposed Electron Ion Collider (EIC) physics program as presented by the National Academy of Science and provide a deeper understanding of the quark–gluon structure of matter. To accomplish this, the ECCE detector offers nearly acceptance and energy coverage along with excellent tracking and particle identification. The ECCE detector was designed to be built within the budget envelope set out by the EIC project while simultaneously managing cost and schedule risks. This detector concept has been selected to be the basis for the EIC project detector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170237
Yazhou Niu , Shensen Zhao , Naoki Tsuji , Anshun Zhou , Yukun Shi , Yunlong Zhang , Zhigang Wang , Zhongtao Shen , Mingyi Dong , Ruijie Wang , Ryunosuke Masuda , Tatsuki Murata , Jianbei Liu , Shubin Liu , Wataru Ootani , Tohru Takeshita , Yong Liu
Several future Higgs factories, which are based on the electron-positron collider, have been planned for precise measurements of Higgs boson properties. The calorimetry with particle flow algorithm (PFA), which requires a high-granularity calorimeter system, plays a crucial role in achieving precise Higgs boson measurements. The Sc-ECAL, an electromagnetic calorimeter based on scintillator strips read out by SiPMs, has been developed within the framework of the CALICE collaboration as one of the technology options for the PFA-oriented ECAL at the future Higgs factories. To demonstrate the performance and scalability of the Sc-ECAL to a full-scale detector, a technological prototype has been constructed and tested. The Sc-ECAL prototype consists of 30 sampling sensitive layers with transverse dimensions of , a depth of approximately 22 radiation lengths, and a total of 6300 individual readout channels. This article describes the design and construction of the prototype, as well as the results from the commissioning using LED light injection and data taking with cosmic rays, where excellent performance has been demonstrated.
{"title":"Development and commissioning of a technological prototype of a highly-granular scintillator-based electromagnetic calorimeter","authors":"Yazhou Niu , Shensen Zhao , Naoki Tsuji , Anshun Zhou , Yukun Shi , Yunlong Zhang , Zhigang Wang , Zhongtao Shen , Mingyi Dong , Ruijie Wang , Ryunosuke Masuda , Tatsuki Murata , Jianbei Liu , Shubin Liu , Wataru Ootani , Tohru Takeshita , Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.170237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several future Higgs factories, which are based on the electron-positron collider, have been planned for precise measurements of Higgs boson properties. The calorimetry with particle flow algorithm (PFA), which requires a high-granularity calorimeter system, plays a crucial role in achieving precise Higgs boson measurements. The Sc-ECAL, an electromagnetic calorimeter based on scintillator strips read out by SiPMs, has been developed within the framework of the CALICE collaboration as one of the technology options for the PFA-oriented ECAL at the future Higgs factories. To demonstrate the performance and scalability of the Sc-ECAL to a full-scale detector, a technological prototype has been constructed and tested. The Sc-ECAL prototype consists of 30 sampling sensitive layers with transverse dimensions of <span><math><mrow><mn>22</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>22</mn><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>cm</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, a depth of approximately 22 radiation lengths, and a total of 6300 individual readout channels. This article describes the design and construction of the prototype, as well as the results from the commissioning using LED light injection and data taking with cosmic rays, where excellent performance has been demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1073 ","pages":"Article 170237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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