Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms最新文献

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Study of the nitrogen fluorescence yield under different environmental conditions in alpha radioactivity telemetry technique

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165605

Quanxiao Wang , Wanlin Li , Xinfeng Pei , Binghua Song , Junliang Chen , Yiqiang Zhong , Lianshun Li , Jian Wang , Tinggui Yang , Shuyao Si , Kaihong Fang

α Decay in the nuclear fuel cycle poses significant hazards due to its strong ionizing capability, making effective detection essential. Conventional detection methods require time-consuming scanning or sampling, often unsuitable for extreme environments and increasing radiation risks. Alpha Radioactivity Telemetry Technology (ARTT), a non-contact α radiation detecting method via secondary nitrogen fluorescence detection, addresses the limitations of traditional methods and has gained significant attention in recent years. However, limited research on α-induced nitrogen fluorescence under varying conditions hampers environmental corrections and quantitative analysis, constraining applications of ARTT. This article examines the dependence of α-induced nitrogen fluorescence yield on energy, pressure, humidity, and nitrogen–oxygen ratio, presenting measurements for all major 2P system emission bands. The results indicate that (1) fluorescence yield remains unaffected by deposited energy or α-ray energy within 1.5–4 MeV, (2) yield dependence on pressure and humidity aligns with theoretical expectations, but deviates for nitrogen–oxygen ratios, and (3) temperature has minimal impact, with a 30 °C variation around 25 °C affecting fluorescence yield by less than 5 %. In contrast, at 1 atm pressure, the yield of air is several hundred times greater than at zero pressure. At 25 °C, the yield of dry air is 1.4 times that of air at 100 % RH. And the one of pure nitrogen is over ten times higher than the gas with 20 % nitrogen and 80 % oxygen. This work provides a data foundation for environmental corrections in ARTT applications.

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引用次数: 0

Evolution of dislocation loops in chromium under single hydrogen and helium ion irradiation

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165602

Qining Zheng , Mingju Chen , Biao Chen , Shuqin Wen , Ce Zheng , Shuiqing Liu , Guanghai Bai , Jinshan Li

Dislocation loops, which are typical irradiation defects, can be influenced by hydrogen and helium produced by transmutation reactions. The evolution of dislocation loops in chromium (Cr) coatings under room temperature irradiation with single H⁺ and He⁺ is observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). At equivalent damage levels, the density of dislocation loops is higher under irradiation with He⁺ compared to that with H⁺. This indicates that helium promotes the nucleation of dislocation loops more effectively than hydrogen does, whereas hydrogen promotes the growth of dislocation loops more, resulting in larger loop sizes. Irradiation with both hydrogen and helium ions resulted in the formation of more a₀ 〈100〉 dislocation loops in Cr, comprising roughly half of the total observed loops.

引用次数: 0

Molecular dynamics investigation on crack-healing and tensile deformation mechanisms in zirconium under overlapping collision cascades

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165608

Wei Li , Han Zhao , Xiangguo Zeng , Xing Yang , Minghua Chi , Yunpeng Gao

In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the interaction between the micro-crack and overlapping collision cascades in zirconium. A comprehensive analysis of the formation and recombination of irradiation defects was conducted to gain an atomic-level understanding of crack healing. Crack healing occurs when the thermal spike’s core covers the crack due to the recrystallization of atoms with high kinetic energy after the first collision cascade. We delved into the formation mechanism of vacancy dislocation loops in crack-healing Zr under overlapping collision cascades, which account for the combined effects of overlapping collision-induced vacancy collapse and recrystallization-induced vacancy migration. The uniaxial tensile deformation of crack-free and cracked Zr was extensively studied before and after irradiation. Strength enhancement was observed after crack healing, inhibiting pyramidal slipping and promoting the formation of nanotwins during the tensile process. The movement of nanotwin planes controls dislocation nucleation and movement.

{"title":"Molecular dynamics investigation on crack-healing and tensile deformation mechanisms in zirconium under overlapping collision cascades","authors":"Wei Li , Han Zhao , Xiangguo Zeng , Xing Yang , Minghua Chi , Yunpeng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the interaction between the micro-crack and overlapping collision cascades in zirconium. A comprehensive analysis of the formation and recombination of irradiation defects was conducted to gain an atomic-level understanding of crack healing. Crack healing occurs when the thermal spike’s core covers the crack due to the recrystallization of atoms with high kinetic energy after the first collision cascade. We delved into the formation mechanism of vacancy dislocation loops in crack-healing Zr under overlapping collision cascades, which account for the combined effects of overlapping collision-induced vacancy collapse and recrystallization-induced vacancy migration. The uniaxial tensile deformation of crack-free and cracked Zr was extensively studied before and after irradiation. Strength enhancement was observed after crack healing, inhibiting pyramidal slipping and promoting the formation of nanotwins during the tensile process. The movement of nanotwin planes controls dislocation nucleation and movement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparative study on the interaction behavior between Cr/Cu precipitates and dislocations in Iron

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165591

Jin Wang, Yankun Dou, Lixia Jia, Jinli Cao

Molecular statics (MS) simulation was applied to study the interaction between ½<1 1 1> screw or ½<1 1 1>{1 1 0} edge dislocation and pure Cr/Cu precipitates in a bcc Fe matrix. The results show that there is a repulsive interaction between Cr precipitates and both types of dislocations, but an attractive interaction for Cu precipitates. With Cr/Cu precipitates continuously approaching dislocations, edge dislocation can slip due to their interaction, screw dislocation appeared core delocalization and the emission of kink pair. In all process, Cr precipitates always maintain bcc structure, but Cu precipitates are observed to occur structure transformation. At last, the results reveal that for Cr precipitate, screw dislocations have a greater repulsive force than edge dislocations, while for Cu precipitate, edge dislocations have a greater pinning force than screw dislocations.

引用次数: 0

Impact of UC2, UC, UBC and UB2 target compositions on the release of fission products

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165600

Julien Guillot , Brigitte Roussière , Sandrine Tusseau-Nenez , Isabelle Deloncle , Martin Humenny , Matthieu Lebois , Jean-François Ledu , Jérome Roques , François Brisset

The release properties of 4 targets (UC₂, UC, UBC, UB₂) were measured for 11 elements (Kr, Sr, Ru, Sn, Sb, Te, I, Cs, Ba, La, and Ce) using an off-line technique. The crystal packing fraction and the size of the studied element play a key role in the release process. However, physicochemical properties are also involved, notably melting and boiling points in vacuum and the minimal oxidation state. Principal component analysis was used to investigate the interrelationships between the physicochemical properties of fission products (from Fe to Dy) and the observed releases, thereby enabling predictions to be made about the release properties of the four crystallic configurations for elements that are inaccessible in off-line experiments.

引用次数: 0

Computational simulation of primary damage in silicon carbide under ions irradiation

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165597

Jianyang Li , Yitao Yang , Tieshan Wang , Chonghong Zhang

Silicon carbide (SiC) and its composites are promising structural materials for advanced nuclear energy applications. Due to the lack of advanced nuclear energy devices, ion beam irradiation is widely used to emulate reactor neutron irradiation. At the same time, different types of ion beam irradiation could produce different primary knock-on atom (PKA) energy spectra. PKA energy determines cascade damage sizes and defect clustering distributions, which may influence the irradiated materials’ long-term microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. This work used SRIM and Geant4 software to investigate the PKA characteristic produced by 1 MeV different noble gas ions and neutrons in the silicon carbide. The PKA energy spectra and weighted energy spectra of C and Si are calculated, respectively. The simulation results show that the PKA energy spectra calculated by the two kinds of software have obvious differences, but the weighted average PKA energies are close to each other. Simulation results verified that the weighted average PKA energy of Kr and Xe ion irradiation is close to that weighted average PKA energy spectrum for neutron irradiation of advanced reactors. The simulation results provide scientific references for understanding the difference in irradiation effects of different types of ions and also provide fundamental bases for the simulation of primary defect damage and long-term defect evolution in irradiated SiC.

{"title":"Computational simulation of primary damage in silicon carbide under ions irradiation","authors":"Jianyang Li , Yitao Yang , Tieshan Wang , Chonghong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon carbide (SiC) and its composites are promising structural materials for advanced nuclear energy applications. Due to the lack of advanced nuclear energy devices, ion beam irradiation is widely used to emulate reactor neutron irradiation. At the same time, different types of ion beam irradiation could produce different primary knock-on atom (PKA) energy spectra. PKA energy determines cascade damage sizes and defect clustering distributions, which may influence the irradiated materials’ long-term microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. This work used SRIM and Geant4 software to investigate the PKA characteristic produced by 1 MeV different noble gas ions and neutrons in the silicon carbide. The PKA energy spectra and weighted energy spectra of C and Si are calculated, respectively. The simulation results show that the PKA energy spectra calculated by the two kinds of software have obvious differences, but the weighted average PKA energies are close to each other. Simulation results verified that the weighted average PKA energy of Kr and Xe ion irradiation is close to that weighted average PKA energy spectrum for neutron irradiation of advanced reactors. The simulation results provide scientific references for understanding the difference in irradiation effects of different types of ions and also provide fundamental bases for the simulation of primary defect damage and long-term defect evolution in irradiated SiC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calcium sulfate targets for PIGE/PIXE standardization ex vacuo

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165594

Anthony M. Miller , Yukun Jin , Gunnar M. Brown , Kyle Taft , Jerome Gan , Dan Baudendistel , Graham F. Peaslee

PIGE and PIXE analyses rely on the use of standard materials for detector calibration and data normalization. An inexpensive and rapid technique for producing calcium sulfate dihydrate-based target materials with homogeneously-dispersed trace elements is presented. These calcium sulfate targets, spiked with fluorine and several other elements from first-row transition metals, are shown to be robust and reproducible standard materials for ex vacuo surface analysis. Background trace elements present in the bulk material along with limits of detection for various elements are provided. Comparisons between predicted yields based on the target making process and experimental results are provided using a 50–100 nA, 3.5 MeV proton beam.

引用次数: 0

Stopping cross section measurement for He+ in SiO2 with two angles of incidence in medium energy ion scattering spectrometry

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165598

SungYup An , Chang Seon Park , Ji Ho Song , Kyungsu Park , Kyu-Sang Yu , Cheolho Jeon , Won Ja Min

Ion-scattering spectrometry is a technique used to obtain compositional depth profiles by bombarding a sample with accelerated ions and analyzing the scattered particle energy. To obtain the depth profile from the ion-scattering spectra, simulations are usually performed using kinematic factors, scattering cross sections, stopping cross sections, and straggling, and accurate values are required for accurate analysis. This study proposes a method for obtaining stopping cross sections for pre- and post-collision energies by measuring the ion scattering spectra at the same scattering angle and at two different incident angles. Using this method, the stopping cross sections for He⁺ in SiO₂ below 100 keV were measured.

引用次数: 0

UVC irradiation of alpha particles tracks and empirical equation of bulk etch rate in CR-39 detector

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165596

Mushtaq Abed Al-Jubbori , R.B. Alkhayat , Mohsin Hassan Ali , Rasha W. Mahmood

The first empirical equation is presented in this paper to characterize the behavior of the bulk etch rate (V_b) with the UVC dose. The V_b value increased nonlinearly with UVC irradiation during the initial dose of up to 13 J, then remained almost constant with prolonged UVC doses from 13 to 45 J. The alpha track depths in CR-39 were analyzed with UVC irradiation (λ = 254 nm). Samples exposed to UVC radiation achieved the maximum track depth with a shorter etching time than samples not exposed to UVC radiation. The V_t values increased significantly for samples exposed to UVC up to 7.1, 7.0, and 6.9 µm/h, respectively, at alpha energies of 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 MeV. While the etch rate ratio decreased for the same samples.

引用次数: 0

Elemental analysis of automobile engine lubrication oil using in-air PIXE

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165601

Katsumi Saitoh , Hidetsugu Tsuchida , Misako Miwa , Sho Toyama , Shigeo Matsuyama

To identify the elemental characteristics of engine lubricating oil-derived particles emitted from automobiles, we established an elemental analysis technique for engine lubricating oils using the in-air PIXE method, and conducted elemental analysis of unused and used engine lubrication oils, which revealed that S and Ca found in the internal standard base oil Sc 2000 wt-ppm (CONOSTAN®) and In 1000 wt-ppm (CONOSTAN®) were detected in addition to P, Fe and Zn, while K was detected only in the unused engine oil. The concentration balance of P, S, and Zn in the unused and used engine oil confirmed the presence of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP), which is added to engine lubricating oil as a friction modifier and antioxidant. These results are useful in characterizing the elemental composition of particles derived from engine lubricating oils.

引用次数: 0

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