Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165546
R. Holeňák , E. Ntemou , M. Kokkoris , S. Petrović , D. Primetzhofer
The potential of recoil detection in transmission geometry in examining a possible preferential lattice site location of H atoms implanted into thin single crystalline silicon membranes is explored. Low-energy protons were directed onto the membranes along the 〈0 0 1〉 Si crystal axis, as well as in random orientation. Position-sensitive and time-resolved detection of recoiling hydrogen species from a pulsed beam of 280 keV 22Ne+ primary ions was performed in a time-of-flight medium energy ion scattering system. From the primary beam incidence along different crystal axes, a preferential detection of recoiled hydrogen along the 〈0 1 1〉 axis can be revealed, as compared to the 〈0 0 1〉 axis. The present approach and possible future developments potentially enabling real-space location of interstitial hydrogen are discussed.
{"title":"Tracing of low-energy protons implanted in different Si crystal orientations by keV recoil detection in transmission geometry","authors":"R. Holeňák , E. Ntemou , M. Kokkoris , S. Petrović , D. Primetzhofer","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential of recoil detection in transmission geometry in examining a possible preferential lattice site location of H atoms implanted into thin single crystalline silicon membranes is explored. Low-energy protons were directed onto the membranes along the 〈0<!--> <!-->0<!--> <!-->1〉 Si crystal axis, as well as in random orientation. Position-sensitive and time-resolved detection of recoiling hydrogen species from a pulsed beam of 280 keV <sup>22</sup>Ne<sup>+</sup> primary ions was performed in a time-of-flight medium energy ion scattering system. From the primary beam incidence along different crystal axes, a preferential detection of recoiled hydrogen along the 〈0<!--> <!-->1<!--> <!-->1〉 axis can be revealed, as compared to the 〈0<!--> <!-->0<!--> <!-->1〉 axis. The present approach and possible future developments potentially enabling real-space location of interstitial hydrogen are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165547
Yingying Wang, Yutian Li, Yang Gao, Yiming Chen, Zhanrong Zhou, Xiaofang Shen, Guofeng Jin
In this study, the fragmentation dynamics of ammonia are investigated using the 205-eV electrons impact ionization by a reaction microscope. The two- and three-body dissociation channels of NH32+ ions are identified by the coincidence measurement of fragment ions, and the dication electronic states are determined. In the three-body dissociation channel, including the Dalitz plots and Newton diagrams, the partitioning of the neutral hydrogen’s energy provides a deeper understanding of the fragmentation mechanisms. Using the energy of hydrogen as a filter, the discovery of two electronic states provides a more specific explanation of the mechanism of the direct dissociation process. By employing the kinetic energy (KE) of fragments, the mechanisms of three-body dissociation channels have been further validated. This study provides more detailed information for subsequent research on the dissociation dynamics of ammonia.
{"title":"Study on fragmentation dynamics of NH32+ induced by electron impact","authors":"Yingying Wang, Yutian Li, Yang Gao, Yiming Chen, Zhanrong Zhou, Xiaofang Shen, Guofeng Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the fragmentation dynamics of ammonia are investigated using the 205-eV electrons impact ionization by a reaction microscope. The two- and three-body dissociation channels of NH<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup> ions are identified by the coincidence measurement of fragment ions, and the dication electronic states are determined. In the three-body dissociation channel, including the Dalitz plots and Newton diagrams, the partitioning of the neutral hydrogen’s energy provides a deeper understanding of the fragmentation mechanisms. Using the energy of hydrogen as a filter, the discovery of two electronic states provides a more specific explanation of the mechanism of the direct dissociation process. By employing the kinetic energy (KE) of fragments, the mechanisms of three-body dissociation channels have been further validated. This study provides more detailed information for subsequent research on the dissociation dynamics of ammonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The number of displacements per atom (dpa) is widely used as an indicator of irradiation damage of materials in proton accelerator facilities. Experiments have been carried out to validate the dpa of metallic materials for protons with energies below 3 GeV. However, measurements of the displacement cross-sections for high-energy protons above 3 GeV have not been carried out and the calculations have not been validated. To validate the displacement cross section of metals in high-energy region, electrical resistivity changes in wires of aluminum, copper and tungsten at 8 K were measured using protons with energies of 120-GeV. The results show that the Norgett-Robinson-Torrens dpa model of the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Calculation Code overestimates the experimental data. On the other hand, the calculated results using the athermal recombination corrected dpa model were in agreement with the measured displacement cross sections. In the proton energy region above 1 GeV, the displacement cross section is almost constant, which is due to the fact that the damage energy of the material under 1 GeV proton irradiation is almost the same as under 120 GeV proton irradiation. Damage recovery of defects accumulated in the sample was also measured using isochronal annealing: At 80 K, approximately 60 % and 80 % of the damage remains for copper and tungsten, respectively. These results are the same as those obtained from other experiments on proton and neutron irradiation.
{"title":"Measurements of displacement cross sections of metals for 120-GeV proton beam irradiation","authors":"Yosuke Iwamoto , Hiroki Matsuda , Shin-ichiro Meigo , Katsuya Yonehara , Frederique Pellemoine , Zunping Liu , Kevin Lynch , Makoto Yoshida , Atsushi Yabuuchi , Toshimasa Yoshiie , Shintaro Hashimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The number of displacements per atom (dpa) is widely used as an indicator of irradiation damage of materials in proton accelerator facilities. Experiments have been carried out to validate the dpa of metallic materials for protons with energies below 3 GeV. However, measurements of the displacement cross-sections for high-energy protons above 3 GeV have not been carried out and the calculations have not been validated. To validate the displacement cross section of metals in high-energy region, electrical resistivity changes in wires of aluminum, copper and tungsten at 8 K were measured using protons with energies of 120-GeV. The results show that the Norgett-Robinson-Torrens dpa model of the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Calculation Code overestimates the experimental data. On the other hand, the calculated results using the athermal recombination corrected dpa model were in agreement with the measured displacement cross sections. In the proton energy region above 1 GeV, the displacement cross section is almost constant, which is due to the fact that the damage energy of the material under 1 GeV proton irradiation is almost the same as under 120 GeV proton irradiation. Damage recovery of defects accumulated in the sample was also measured using isochronal annealing: At 80 K, approximately 60 % and 80 % of the damage remains for copper and tungsten, respectively. These results are the same as those obtained from other experiments on proton and neutron irradiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165540
Frans Munnik , Lars Lorenz , Fabian Härtwig , Stefan Makowski , Matthias Krause
The application of Ion Beam Analysis with a focussed ion beam to the field of tribology, especially solid lubricant coatings that do not need liquid lubricants, is described. As model systems, tetrahedrally-amorphous carbon coatings (ta-C) after friction contact with 100Cr6 steel in high vacuum and with brass in ambient atmosphere were selected. With the appropriate combination of He and H ion beams and techniques like Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry and Particle Induced X-ray Emission, detailed information was obtained about the laterally- and depth-resolved element composition in the wear tracks and counter body wear scars, leading to insights in the friction induced transformation processes between a solid coating and a counter body, including material loss of the coating and material transfer between the coating and counter body that are correlated with the friction experiments.
本文介绍了利用聚焦离子束进行离子束分析在摩擦学领域的应用，特别是无需液体润滑剂的固体润滑涂层。作为模型系统，选择了在高真空中与 100Cr6 钢摩擦接触后的四面体无定形碳涂层（ta-C），以及在环境气氛中与黄铜摩擦接触后的四面体无定形碳涂层（ta-C）。通过适当结合 He 和 H 离子束以及卢瑟福背散射光谱仪和粒子诱导 X 射线发射等技术，获得了有关磨损轨迹和对体磨痕中横向和深度分辨元素组成的详细信息，从而深入了解了固体涂层和对体之间的摩擦诱导转化过程，包括涂层的材料损失以及涂层和对体之间的材料转移，这些都与摩擦实验相关。
{"title":"Ion beam microprobe analysis for friction-induced material transfer processes in ta-C/steel and ta-C/brass pairs","authors":"Frans Munnik , Lars Lorenz , Fabian Härtwig , Stefan Makowski , Matthias Krause","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of Ion Beam Analysis with a focussed ion beam to the field of tribology, especially solid lubricant coatings that do not need liquid lubricants, is described. As model systems, tetrahedrally-amorphous carbon coatings (ta-C) after friction contact with 100Cr6 steel in high vacuum and with brass in ambient atmosphere were selected. With the appropriate combination of He and H ion beams and techniques like Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry and Particle Induced X-ray Emission, detailed information was obtained about the laterally- and depth-resolved element composition in the wear tracks and counter body wear scars, leading to insights in the friction induced transformation processes between a solid coating and a counter body, including material loss of the coating and material transfer between the coating and counter body that are correlated with the friction experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165541
G. Gutierrez, C. Bernard, P. Billaud, D. Bossu, T. Cloutier, M. Loyer-Prost, H. Martin, E. Meslin, F. Nozais, B. Ridard, G. Sagnes, J.-L. Bechade
The JANNuS-Saclay multi-irradiation platform includes a triple beam facility coupled to an in-situ Raman spectrometer, established at CEA Saclay in 2009. In addition to the triple-beam chamber, two single-beam chambers are set up. Sample temperature can be varied from −180 °C to 800 °C, and at −260 °C or at 1200 °C in dedicated devices. The platform is also equipped with a multi-ion Beam Analysis chamber. JANNuS Saclay facility is a powerful tool to understand the changes generated by irradiation in materials, especially in nuclear application fields. This paper presents the recent facility developments since 2020.
{"title":"The JANNuS-Saclay platform: New developments for the understanding of evolutions under irradiation in materials","authors":"G. Gutierrez, C. Bernard, P. Billaud, D. Bossu, T. Cloutier, M. Loyer-Prost, H. Martin, E. Meslin, F. Nozais, B. Ridard, G. Sagnes, J.-L. Bechade","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The JANNuS-Saclay multi-irradiation platform includes a triple beam facility coupled to an in-situ Raman spectrometer, established at CEA Saclay in 2009. In addition to the triple-beam chamber, two single-beam chambers are set up. Sample temperature can be varied from −180 °C to 800 °C, and at −260 °C or at 1200 °C in dedicated devices. The platform is also equipped with a multi-ion Beam Analysis chamber. JANNuS Saclay facility is a powerful tool to understand the changes generated by irradiation in materials, especially in nuclear application fields. This paper presents the recent facility developments since 2020.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165539
Y. Ishii , R. Yamagata , T. Satoh , S. Matsuyama , T. Kamiya , S. Onoda
This paper presents a comprehensive study on the enhancements made to the heavy-ion microbeam (H-MB) and light-ion microbeam (L-MB) systems at the Takasaki Institute for Advanced Quantum Science, part of the National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), and their implications for future research in ion microbeam technology. Our work addresses the critical need for submicron beam sizes in advanced ion microbeam applications, a challenge previously unmet due to limitations in the original system designs and aging components. The manuscript details the extensive upgrades undertaken for both the H-MB and L-MB systems, including the implementation of new quadruple magnets, refined demagnification strategies, and advanced control systems, culminating in the successful formation of submicron ion beams. The meticulous alignment procedures for both the H-MB and L-MB have enabled precise ion beam focusing. The current beam sizes have been measured at 1.0 × 1.1 µm2 with a beam current of approximately 10 pA for the H-MB, and 500 × 600 nm2 with a beam current of approximately 50 pA for the L-MB at a 3 MeV H+ beam.
{"title":"Preliminary beam formations after the upgrade of the TIARA two microbeam systems","authors":"Y. Ishii , R. Yamagata , T. Satoh , S. Matsuyama , T. Kamiya , S. Onoda","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comprehensive study on the enhancements made to the heavy-ion microbeam (H-MB) and light-ion microbeam (L-MB) systems at the Takasaki Institute for Advanced Quantum Science, part of the National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), and their implications for future research in ion microbeam technology. Our work addresses the critical need for submicron beam sizes in advanced ion microbeam applications, a challenge previously unmet due to limitations in the original system designs and aging components. The manuscript details the extensive upgrades undertaken for both the H-MB and L-MB systems, including the implementation of new quadruple magnets, refined demagnification strategies, and advanced control systems, culminating in the successful formation of submicron ion beams. The meticulous alignment procedures for both the H-MB and L-MB have enabled precise ion beam focusing. The current beam sizes have been measured at 1.0 × 1.1 µm<sup>2</sup> with a beam current of approximately 10 pA for the H-MB, and 500 × 600 nm<sup>2</sup> with a beam current of approximately 50 pA for the L-MB at a 3 MeV H<sup>+</sup> beam.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165538
Renjun Jin, Jie Ma, Hao Shen, Zhaohong Mi
Helium ions are thought to be effective for radiotherapy, and characterization of physical quantities related to cellular effects of helium ions are important in order to develop and improve treatment planning systems for helium ions. In this study, Geant4-DNA was used to obtain the physical energy deposit and OH reaction sites to feed the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and obtain the quantities related with DNA strand breaks. The results are compared to other calculations and show that with proper choice of variables, DBSCAN could be used to calculate the DNA damage. The helium DSB (double strand break) yields with chemical processes increased from 11.48 with the LET of 56.3 keV/μm to 49.32 at 219.2 keV/μm. The helium SSB (single strand break) yields with chemical processes decreased from 255.36 with the LET of 56.3 keV/μm to 161.28 at 219.2 keV/μm. SSB and DSB counts induced by helium particles incident on the lung adenocarcinoma cell nucleus increased by about 90 % and 200 % compared with those without chemical processes.
{"title":"Comparative Monte Carlo simulation study of helium-induced DNA damage versus proton","authors":"Renjun Jin, Jie Ma, Hao Shen, Zhaohong Mi","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Helium ions are thought to be effective for radiotherapy, and characterization of physical quantities related to cellular effects of helium ions are important in order to develop and improve treatment planning systems for helium ions. In this study, Geant4-DNA was used to obtain the physical energy deposit and OH reaction sites to feed the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and obtain the quantities related with DNA strand breaks. The results are compared to other calculations and show that with proper choice of variables, DBSCAN could be used to calculate the DNA damage. The helium DSB (double strand break) yields with chemical processes increased from 11.48 <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> with the LET of 56.3 keV/μm to 49.32 <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> at 219.2 keV/μm. The helium SSB (single strand break) yields with chemical processes decreased from 255.36 <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> with the LET of 56.3 keV/μm to 161.28 <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> at 219.2 keV/μm. SSB and DSB counts induced by helium particles incident on the lung adenocarcinoma cell nucleus increased by about 90 % and 200 % compared with those without chemical processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PIXE analysis is very useful for the simultaneous determination of various elements. Typically, when micro-PIXE analysis of biological samples with high water content is performed in a vacuum, freeze-drying methods are used to fix the structure and remove any ice crystals present in a controlled manner to prevent changes or redistribution of elemental content in the sample. This method is essential for cell size analysis. However, we considered that fixation is not always necessary for macroscopic analysis of plant tissue size. Therefore, we investigated the extent to which elemental density changes with vacuum extraction from elemental density ratios obtained from micro-PIXE analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves in-air and in-vacuum. The deformation caused by beam irradiation and the quantitative changes of C, O, and H in the samples were also evaluated by STIM and RBS analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana petal.
{"title":"Comparison of in-vacuum micro-PIXE and in-air micro-PIXE for unfixed plant sample","authors":"Misako Miwa , Ayumi Nakatsuma , Shigeo Matsuyama , Sho Toyama , Takeshi Uchiyama , Yasuhiro Ishimaru , Nobuyuki Uozumi","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PIXE analysis is very useful for the simultaneous determination of various elements. Typically, when micro-PIXE analysis of biological samples with high water content is performed in a vacuum, freeze-drying methods are used to fix the structure and remove any ice crystals present in a controlled manner to prevent changes or redistribution of elemental content in the sample. This method is essential for cell size analysis. However, we considered that fixation is not always necessary for macroscopic analysis of plant tissue size. Therefore, we investigated the extent to which elemental density changes with vacuum extraction from elemental density ratios obtained from micro-PIXE analysis of <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> leaves in-air and in-vacuum. The deformation caused by beam irradiation and the quantitative changes of C, O, and H in the samples were also evaluated by STIM and RBS analyses of <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> petal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165534
M. Teshigawara , Y. Lee , H. Tatsumoto , M. Hartl , T. Aso , E.B. Iverson , G. Ariyoshi , Y. Ikeda , T. Hasegawa
At Japanese Spallation Neutron Source in J-PARC, the para-hydrogen fraction was measured by using Raman spectroscopy in-situ for an integrated beam power of 9.4 MW h at 1MW operation, to evaluate the functionality of the ferric oxyhydroxide catalyst. This result showed that full functionality of the catalyst was retained up to the 1 MW operation. We attempted to study the effect of neutron scattering driven para to ortho-hydrogen back-conversion rate in the absence of the catalyst effect with a bypass line without catalyst. The measured increase of ortho-hydrogen fraction was 0.44% for an integrated beam power of 2.4 MW h at 500 kW operation, which was attributed not only to neutron collisions in cold moderators but also to the high ortho-hydrogen fraction of initially static liquid hydrogen in the bypass line and passive exudation of quasi-static hydrogen in the catalyst vessel to the main loop.
在日本 J-PARC 的日本溅射中子源，使用拉曼光谱对 1MW 运行时 9.4 MW h 的综合束流功率下的对氢部分进行了现场测量，以评估氢氧化铁催化剂的功能。结果表明，催化剂的全部功能一直保持到 1 兆瓦运行。我们尝试使用一条不含催化剂的旁路管线，研究在没有催化剂效应的情况下，中子散射驱动的副氢与正氢反向转化率的影响。在 500 kW 运行条件下，综合束流功率为 2.4 MW h 时，测得的正氢比例增加了 0.44%，这不仅归因于冷慢化剂中的中子碰撞，还归因于旁路管线中初始静态液氢的高正氢比例以及催化剂容器中准静态氢向主回路的被动渗出。
{"title":"In-situ measurement of radiation driven back-conversion from para to ortho liquid hydrogen state in cold moderators at J-PARC","authors":"M. Teshigawara , Y. Lee , H. Tatsumoto , M. Hartl , T. Aso , E.B. Iverson , G. Ariyoshi , Y. Ikeda , T. Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At Japanese Spallation Neutron Source in J-PARC, the para-hydrogen fraction was measured by using Raman spectroscopy in-situ for an integrated beam power of 9.4 MW h at 1MW operation, to evaluate the functionality of the ferric oxyhydroxide catalyst. This result showed that full functionality of the catalyst was retained up to the 1 MW operation. We attempted to study the effect of neutron scattering driven para to ortho-hydrogen back-conversion rate in the absence of the catalyst effect with a bypass line without catalyst. The measured increase of ortho-hydrogen fraction was 0.44% for an integrated beam power of 2.4 MW h at 500 kW operation, which was attributed not only to neutron collisions in cold moderators but also to the high ortho-hydrogen fraction of initially static liquid hydrogen in the bypass line and passive exudation of quasi-static hydrogen in the catalyst vessel to the main loop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X-ray attenuation coefficient images of CR1025 Li batteries at several energies were measured using a photon counting computed tomography (PCCT) system. From the X-ray attenuation coefficient images at several energies, effective density and effective atomic number images were obtained for material identification. Furthermore, local state of charge (SOC) of the battery was estimated in the fresh and discharged states from the analysis of the measured X-ray attenuation coefficient images. We found inhomogeneous local SOC distribution in the discharged state. This study shows the possibility of the PCCT system as a new nondestructive testing (NDT) technology for Li ion rechargeable batteries such as in electric vehicles.
使用光子计数计算机断层扫描（PCCT）系统测量了 CR1025 锂电池在多个能量下的 X 射线衰减系数图像。从几种能量下的 X 射线衰减系数图像中获得了有效密度和有效原子序数图像，用于材料鉴定。此外，通过分析测得的 X 射线衰减系数图像，还估算出了电池在新鲜和放电状态下的局部电荷状态（SOC）。我们发现放电状态下的局部 SOC 分布不均匀。这项研究表明，PCCT 系统有可能成为电动汽车等锂离子充电电池的一种新的无损检测 (NDT) 技术。
{"title":"Local state of charge measurement on a Li battery by X -ray photon counting computed tomography","authors":"Hiroshi Sakurai , Kazushi Hoshi , Daiki Watabe , Kosuke Suzuki , Yuki Hasebe , Shunta Suzuki , Yumiko Ohno , Masami Torikoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>X-ray attenuation coefficient images of CR1025 Li batteries at several energies were measured using a photon counting computed tomography (PCCT) system. From the X-ray attenuation coefficient images at several energies, effective density and effective atomic number images were obtained for material identification. Furthermore, local state of charge (SOC) of the battery was estimated in the fresh and discharged states from the analysis of the measured X-ray attenuation coefficient images. We found inhomogeneous local SOC distribution in the discharged state. This study shows the possibility of the PCCT system as a new nondestructive testing (NDT) technology for Li ion rechargeable batteries such as in electric vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"557 ","pages":"Article 165537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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