Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana最新文献

{"title":"DYNAMICS OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS \u0000OF THE HEAD AND NECK IN THE WORLD AND THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN","authors":"J. Alimov, N. Karimova","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-4-10","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: According to GLOBOCAN 2020, the number of newly reported cases of head and neck tumors worldwide, without division by \u0000sex and age, was 369,980 cases, with the number of deaths – 367,285 people. The incidence of malignant neoplasms (MN) of the head and neck \u0000is growing steadily in the Republic of Uzbekistan and worldwide. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the head and neck MN prevalence increased in \u0000natural figures from 2,906 cases in 2016 to 2,951 cases in 2020, with a growth by 45 cases compared to 2016. \u0000The study aimed to assess the epidemiological trends of head and neck tumors in the world and the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2015-2020. \u0000Materials and Methods: The global situation with head and neck tumors was analyzed based on GLOBOCAN data. The object of the study was \u0000statistical data on all cases of head and neck malignancies in the Republic of Uzbekistan according to the reported data provided by oncological institutions, according to the adopted state form of accounting and reporting documentation Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 7ССВ \u0000“Information on diseases of malignant neoplasms.” In the Republic of Uzbekistan, an assessment of the incidence, prevalence, and mortality from MN \u0000of the head and neck was carried out with the definition of trends and the average annual average age of patients with head and neck tumors. \u0000Results: World trends in morbidity and mortality from head and neck malignancies show differences depending on the territories and the level \u0000of economic development. In 2020, 13,552 deaths from head and neck malignancies were recorded in Uzbekistan (including 6323 and 7229 in male \u0000and female patients, respectively). The mortality rate from head and neck malfunctions per 100,000 population of the Republic of Uzbekistan was \u000040.0‱₀, which is 0.35% higher than in 2019 and 28.7% higher than in 2009. \u0000Conclusion: Analysis of the epidemiological situation in terms of head and neck malignancies in the Republic of Uzbekistan showed a tendency \u0000towards an increase in this disease. This determines the need for further research on the diagnostics of head and neck malignancies.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83580804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASPECTS OF RADIOTHERAPY OF BREAST CANCER METASTASES TO THE BRAIN: A LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"А. Almabek, D. Kaidarova, V. Kim, I. Khussainova","doi":"10.52532/2663-4864-2022-1-63-56-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2663-4864-2022-1-63-56-63","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases among women in developed countries worldwide. Breast cancer ranks \u0000first in incidence and third in mortality among malignant neoplasms in women. Despite many advances in breast cancer treatment, the \u0000prognosis for patients with metastatic breast cancer remains poor. The life expectancy of these patients is usually about one year. The \u0000accuracy of diagnosis and determining the number and sizes of oligometastases by contrasted brain MRI or PET-CT with methionine \u0000is vital for effective cancer treatment. The emergence of treatment techniques, such as stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic \u0000radiotherapy (SRSR), significantly improved the disease prognosis. The use of high-tech radiation therapy in patients with oligometastases from breast carcinoma improves local control of intracranial lesions, prevents death, maintains the quality of life, and improves \u0000overall survival. \u0000The study aimed to analyze the results of key prospective studies on aspects of radiation therapy for breast cancer metastases to \u0000the brain. \u0000Methods: This review included key randomized trials on using radiation therapy for breast cancer metastases in the brain. The search \u0000was conducted in the PubMed database for 2005-2020 by the keywords “radiation therapy,” “breast cancer,” and “brain metastases.” \u0000Results: Reduced treatment time due to stereotactic radiosurgery and radiotherapy allows for maintaining productive life without expressed neurological symptoms. SRS is efficient in patients with up to five oligometastases in breast cancer. More metastases require total \u0000brain exposure, which is a poor prognostic factor. In prospective studies, SRS in breast cancer with brain metastases is recommended to \u0000improve the quality of life. \u0000Conclusion: The treatment of breast cancer with brain metastases requires a multidisciplinary approach based on the prevalence of \u0000the process, previous therapy, general somatic status, comorbidities, and available therapy options. Systemic therapy for breast cancer \u0000patients with brain metastases follows several schemes that demonstrate their therapeutic effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75867836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PET/CT IN ASSESSING THE LYMPHOMA RESPONSE \u0000TO TREATMENT","authors":"Yulduzkhan Dauytova, Zhamilya Zholdybay, Zh. Zhakenova, J. Amankulov, S. Baigulova","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-32-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-32-35","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: PET/CT has become an integral part of the diagnostic algorithm in lymphoma patients since lymphomas actively accumulate 18F-FDG. The high accuracy of PET/CT in patients with certain lymphoma types allows effective use of this method in clinical practice \u0000for diagnosis, staging, re-staging, evaluating the effectiveness of treatment, and determining further patient management tactics. \u0000The study aimed to evaluate the PET/CT capacity in assessing lymphoma treatment effectiveness. \u0000Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of PET/CT 18F-FDG results in 109 patients with a verified lymphoma diagnosis. The \u0000patients underwent PET/CT examinations at “Orhun Medical” PET/CT center based in the JSC “Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology” (Almaty, Kazakhstan). \u0000Results: According to PET/CT results in assessing the lymphoma treatment effectiveness, the stabilization of the process was achieved \u0000in 38.5% of cases, progression – in 33.03%, a partial metabolic response – in 18.35%, and a complete response – in 10.09% of cases. \u0000Conclusion: PET/CT is the method of choice for evaluating the effectiveness of lymphoma treatment compared to other radiological \u0000techniques. PET/CT is based on determining metabolic treatment response, not only on size indicators. It plays an essential role in different \u0000stages of lymphoma treatment, providing new opportunities for personalized treatment","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81565002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPERIENCE IN CORRECTING POST-RADIATION STRICTURE OF THE URETER BY THE VERMIX: A CLINICAL CASE","authors":"N. Tabynbaev, T. Kurmanov, A. Digay, ShB. Mugalbekov, A. Mukazhanov, U. Zhanybyrbekuly, D. Mustafinov","doi":"10.52532/2663-4864-2022-1-63-51-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2663-4864-2022-1-63-51-55","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Restoration of ureteral patency in patients with extended defects is one of the most challenging problems in urology. \u0000Post-radiation strictures and iatrogenic injuries of the ureter during surgical interventions on the small pelvis and abdominal cavity \u0000organs are quite common in urological practice. In cases where it is impossible to restore the ureter with the help of one’s own tissues or \u0000the bladder, one of the possible interventions is the use of the appendix due to the similarity in the wall’s structure and peristaltic ability. \u0000The article aimed to describe the technique of appendicoureteroplasty (AUP) for post-radiation ureteral strictures. \u0000Methods: The article describes a clinical case of a surgical intervention to replace a part of the right ureter in a patient with an extended ureteral defect at the clinic of the National Research Cancer Center (Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan). \u0000Results: The article presents the results of surgical treatment of a patient with extended post-radiation stricture of the ureter using the \u0000appendix on the mesentery. The effectiveness of restoring the urodynamics of the upper urinary tract has been shown. \u0000Conclusions: The obtained data shows that replacing the ureter with the vermix reduces the risk of hydronephrosis and improves the \u0000kidneys’ incretory and excretory functions.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77777263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROCALCITONIN DETERMINATION IN ONCOLOGY – RESULTS AND PROSPECTS: \u0000A LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"T. Sadykova, M. Kuzikeev, B. Sarsembaev, E. Orazbek","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-81-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-81-86","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Modern requirements for laboratory diagnostics of complicated courses of diseases provide for using highly specific and high-tech \u0000research methods like determining the level of procalcitonin (PCT). The PCT level increases only with the generalization of a bacterial infection \u0000and reflects the degree of generalization. Of practical value are an increase in the PCT level and the degree of such increase, a progressive increase, \u0000or a long-term (more than 3-5 days) high level. The assessment of this data over time, in combination with the changes in other clinical and laboratory parameters, allows for timely diagnosis and prediction of the outcome of the disease. \u0000The study aimed to assess the feasibility of the PCT level dynamic control for timely diagnosis of the overlay or generalization of an infectious \u0000process in the form of septic complications in cancer patients. \u0000Methods: A thematic search was carried out by keywords in the journal Malignant Tumors and Cochrane, PubMed, Oncology.ru, elibrary.ru, \u0000Medscape, and NCBI databases and libraries. \u0000We analyzed the results of studies of changes in PCT dynamics in oncological patients who developed and generalized a nonspecific infectious \u0000process that proceeded in the form of septic complications. \u0000Results: The need to determine the PCT level and its inclusion in the diagnostic algorithms has been confirmed in various research papers. The \u0000reliability and significance of these studies correspond to the highest levels of evidence-based medicine. \u0000PCT shows its high specificity in identifying the infectious component compared to other less informative indicators in oncological pathologies, \u0000such as the level of leukocytosis, CRP, and others. \u0000In some tumor processes, the initial level of PCT may be higher than the average (0.5 ng/l), but dynamic control will show the effectiveness of \u0000the therapeutic measures taken and the direction of development of the infectious process. \u0000The frequency and intervals of determining the PCT level are of particular importance. In some instances, if an infectious component is suspected in risk groups, the PCT level determination could be included in the initial examination algorithm. \u0000Conclusion: Despite the ambiguity of the PCT study results in oncological practice, the determination of systemic inflammation biomarkers in \u0000complex antitumor therapy will allow timely setting of indications for prescribing or intensifying antibiotic therapy, predicting the duration, and \u0000monitoring its effectiveness in oncological patients.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84462846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FEATURES OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE \u0000ASSOCIATED WITH LUNG CANCER","authors":"Y. Filippenko, Z. Amankulov, Zhamilya Zholdybay, Zh. Zhakenova, A. Panina, S. Kasenova","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-36-40","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with lung cancer is common in smoking patients. Computed tomography (CT) is vital in detecting lung cancer, assessing regional lung parenchymal destruction, and airway remodeling in COPD. \u0000ДИАГНОСТИКА \u000040 Онкология и радиология Казахстана, №1 (63) 2022 \u0000The study aimed to determine the CT features of COPD associated with lung cancer. \u0000Methods: This retrospective study included chest CT exams of 56 patients over the age of 40, with a smoking history of 10 years and more and \u0000with suspected COPD. 46.43% of patients had CT signs of lung cancer associated with COPD. \u0000Results: Barrel-shaped chest (19.23%), saber-sheath trachea (7.69%), and bronchiectasis (15.38%) were less common in patients with lung \u0000cancer. Paraseptal and centrilobular emphysema were diagnosed in 96.15%, bullae – 73.33%. Bronchial narrowing of the lumen and wall thickening were identified for all lobar bronchus, segmental bronchus, and subsegmental bronchus. \u0000Conclusion: Paraseptal and centrilobular emphysema and bullae in the upper lobes of lungs were predominant CT features in patients with \u0000COPD associated with lung cancer. Lumen narrowing and wall thickening of lobar bronchus, segmental bronchus, and subsegmental bronchus \u0000were also revealed.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77219524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROCALCITONIN DETERMINATION IN ONCOLOGY – RESULTS AND PROSPECTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"T. Sadykova, M. Kuzikeev, B. Sarsembaev, E. Orazbek","doi":"10.52532/2663-4864-2022-1-63-81-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2663-4864-2022-1-63-81-86","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Modern requirements for laboratory diagnostics of complicated courses of diseases provide for using particular and hightech research methods like determining the level of procalcitonin (PCT). The PCT level increases only with the generalization of a bacterial \u0000infection and reflects the degree of abstraction. Of practical value are an increase in the PCT level and the degree of such increase, a progressive increase, or a long-term (more than 3-5 days) high level. The assessment of this data over time, in combination with the changes \u0000in other clinical and laboratory parameters, allows for timely diagnosis and prediction of the outcome of the disease. \u0000The study aimed to assess the feasibility of the PCT level dynamic control for timely diagnosis of the overlay or generalization of an \u0000infectious process in the form of septic complications in cancer patients. \u0000Methods: A thematic search was carried out by keywords in the journal Malignant Tumors and Cochrane, PubMed, Oncology.ru, \u0000elibrary.ru, Medscape, and NCBI databases and libraries. \u0000We analyzed the results of studies of changes in PCT dynamics in oncological patients who developed and generalized a nonspecific \u0000infectious process that proceeded in the form of septic complications. \u0000Results: Various research papers have confirmed the need to determine the PCT level and its inclusion in the diagnostic algorithms. \u0000The reliability and significance of these studies correspond to the highest levels of evidence-based medicine. \u0000PCT shows its high specificity in identifying the infectious component compared to other less informative indicators in oncological \u0000pathologies, such as the level of leukocytosis, CRP, and others. \u0000In some tumor processes, the initial level of PCT may be higher than the average (0.5 ng/l). Still, dynamic control will show the effectiveness of the therapeutic measures taken and the direction of development of the infectious process. \u0000The frequency and intervals of determining the PCT level are of particular importance. In some instances, if an infectious component \u0000is suspected in risk groups, the PCT level determination could be included in the initial examination algorithm. \u0000Conclusion: Despite the ambiguity of the PCT study results in oncological practice, the determination of systemic inflammation biomarkers in complex antitumor therapy will allow timely setting of indications for prescribing or intensifying antibiotic treatment, predicting \u0000the duration, and monitoring its effectiveness in oncological patients.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74413609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF COLORECTAL CANCER \u0000IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"А. Khozhayev, D. Kaidarova, T. Sadykova, A. Rubanova","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-25-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-25-31","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Colorectal cancer is one of today’s most critical health issues globally and in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Taking leading positions \u0000in the general structure of oncopathology, this nosological form of tumors forces clinicians to develop ways to improve statistical indicators. \u0000ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ \u0000Онкология и радиология Казахстана, №1 (63) 2022 31 \u0000Purpose of the article – to review the epidemiological aspects of colorectal cancer in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2011-2020. \u0000Results: We revealed an increase in the share of early (I-II) stage colon and rectal cancer cases. The share of early stages of rectal cancer was \u000061.5% in 2011 compared to 68.5% in 2020; in colon cancer, it was 36.5% and 53.1%, respectively. \u0000The share of advanced (locally advanced) stage III cases of visually accessible rectal cancer has decreased from 25.2% in 2011 to 18.3% in \u00002020. The overall 5-year survival in 2020 amounted to 50.7% for colon cancer and 46.0% for rectal cancer, and these were the best rates in the \u0000entire decade. We also found territorial specifics in this pathology incidence. \u0000The one-year and overall mortality from these diseases have decreased, amounting to 29.2 in 2011 and 18.8 in 2020 for rectal cancer, 31.9 and \u000019.8 for colon cancer, 4.5 and 3.9 in rectal cancer, 4.8 and 4.1 in colon cancer, respectively. \u0000Conclusions: An analytical assessment of the statistical indicators of colorectal cancer over the decade showed that there are regions that \u0000excel in incidence rates from year to year. At the same time, indicators of early diagnosis and overall 5-year survival have improved, and one-year \u0000and overall mortality has decreased.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87623585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADVANTAGES AND PROSPECTS OF TARGETED THERAPY IN ONCOLOGICAL PRACTICE: \u0000A literature review","authors":"A. Murina, А. Uaisova, A. Ergalieva","doi":"10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-70-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2022-1-63-70-80","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and is expected to be responsible for approximately 19.3 million new cases \u0000and 10 million deaths in 2021. With an unprecedented understanding of the molecular pathways that drive the development and progression of \u0000human cancers, novel targeted therapies have become an exciting new development for anti-cancer medicine. These targeted therapies, also known \u0000as biologic therapies, have become a primary treatment modality by blocking the growth of cancer cells by specifically targeting molecules required \u0000for cell growth and tumorigenesis. Due to their specificity, these new therapies are expected to have better efficacy and limited adverse side effects \u0000compared to other treatment options, including hormonal and cytotoxic therapies. \u0000The study aimed to provide a detailed overview of the advantages and prospects of using targeted therapy in oncological practice. \u0000Мethods: The search was carried out in the following databases: Scopus, Medline, Cochrane, PubMed, ScienceDirect for 2016-2021. Sources \u0000were searched for the following keywords: clinical trials, immunotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, small molecular weight inhibitors, targeted therapy. \u0000Results: This review explores the clinical development, successes, and challenges facing targeted anti-cancer therapies, including both small \u0000molecule inhibitors and antibody-targeted therapies. The authors describe targeted therapies to epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, BRAF, T-cell mediated immune response inhibitors, \u0000cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, and programmed cell death protein-1/PD-1 ligand. \u0000Conclusion: Over the past decade, there have been significant changes in cancer treatment, including targeted therapy, which has become \u0000more common. However, in monotherapy, targeted drugs show low activity. In addition, the selection of patients for targeted therapy remains a \u0000difficult task since there are not enough reliable biomarkers to predict the action of most targeted agents. This requires a deeper study of molecular \u0000biology, namely signaling pathways that determine the pathogenesis of oncological diseases.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83157874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEMS OF DRUG PROVISION FOR CANCER PATIENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"O. Shatkovskaya","doi":"10.52532/2663-4864-2022-1-63-11-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52532/2663-4864-2022-1-63-11-16","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance: Drug supply is a prerequisite for drug treatment of malignant neoplasms. Drug therapy is an essential component of cancer treatment. However, the potential of drug therapy is not the same in different human tumors. Providing an oncological patient with a full range of modern medicines is one of the main tasks of the healthcare system. Currently, the problem of the availability of drug provision for cancer patients is relevant. Today, there is a regional disparity in the provision of drug care in the country: the availability of drugs for \u0000patients is highly dependent on the economic development of the region of their residence. Drugs, exceedingly targeted drugs and immuno-oncology agents, are more available in the cities of republican significance and the capital city. \u0000The study aimed to analyze the problems and find ways to improve drug provision for cancer patients in the Republic of Kazakhstan. \u0000Methods included the analysis of the current drug provision for cancer patients in the Republic of Kazakhstan, identifying problematic issues, finding solutions, and developing correct unified approaches to determining the needs of cancer patients for drugs at all stages of care. \u0000The study results highlight the current drug supply problems for cancer patients and allow the development of ways to improve it, \u0000including in the context of combating the COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000Conclusion: Breakthrough technologies and new cancer treatment regimens appear almost every month. Therefore, it is essential to \u0000make balanced and rational decisions in this area, rather than applying simplified administrative schemes for orders and purchases. Today, the oncologists of Kazakhstan can choose therapy for each cancer patient when they possess the results of relevant molecular genetic studies, know the characteristics of the tumor and the body, and have а conclusion of the multidisciplinary team. All the above gives hope for a transition to a more humane attitude towards patients when the drug choice depends on the chosen therapy’s clinical efficacy and purposefulness instead of the drug origin or price. Unfortunately, the damage from ineffective drugs often exceeds the cost of effective medicines and technologies, while these effective drugs will not always be the most expensive. Therefore, choosing the treatment that a particular oncological patient needs is impressive art.","PeriodicalId":19480,"journal":{"name":"Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87458484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}