Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150216
S. Umaiyah, Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra, Muh. Herjayanto, M. B. Syamsunarno
Abstract. Umaiyah S, Putra AN, Herjayanto M, Syamsunarno MB. 2023. Potential effects of fermented moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract to increase the color brightness of the Oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus). Nusantara Bioscience 15: 288-296. Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaf extract serves as a natural reservoir of carotenoids, prominently ?-carotene, effectively employed to augment the color quality of ornamental fish. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of adding fermented moringa leaf extract to feed to enhance the color vibrancy of Oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)). Moringa leaves were also fermented using Aspergillus niger Tiegh. at a dosage of 0.5 g/100 g for 48 hours, followed by extraction using 70% ethanol. Four doses of fermented moringa leaf extract (0, 40, 50, 60 mL/kg) with three replications were added to a commercial feed using the coating method. The results showed that the carotene in fermented moringa leaf extract is 94.22 ppm/50 mL. Adding moringa leaf extract to the feed enhanced the Oranda goldfish's brightness and color diversity. The addition of fermented moringa leaf extract at a dose of 60 mL/kg led to the highest color diversity values on the body (57.81%), caudal (71.71%), and head (71.13%) compared to other treatments. Moringa leaf extract did not affect growth rate, survival, blood profile, and water quality parameters for maintaining Oranda goldfish. The extract from A. niger had the potential to be used in the cultivation of Oranda goldfish, and the addition of 60 mL/kg achieved the best color brightness and diversity.
摘要： Umaiyah S, Putra AN, Herjayanto M, Syamsunarno MB.Umaiyah S, Putra AN, Herjayanto M, Syamsunarno MB.2023.发酵辣木（Moringa oleifera）叶提取物对提高奥兰达金鱼（Carassius auratus）颜色亮度的潜在影响。Nusantara Bioscience 15: 288-296.辣木（Moringa oleifera Lam.）叶提取物是一种天然的类胡萝卜素（主要是胡萝卜素）储存库，可有效提高观赏鱼的颜色质量。本研究旨在评估在饲料中添加发酵的辣木叶提取物对提高奥兰达金鱼（Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)）体色鲜艳度的潜在影响。还使用黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger Tiegh.）以 0.5 克/100 克的剂量发酵辣木叶 48 小时，然后用 70% 的乙醇提取。采用包衣法将四种剂量（0、40、50、60 mL/kg）的发酵辣木叶提取物添加到商品饲料中。结果表明，发酵的辣木叶提取物中的胡萝卜素含量为 94.22 ppm/50 mL。在饲料中添加辣木叶提取物可提高奥兰达金鱼的亮度和颜色多样性。与其他处理相比，以 60 mL/kg 的剂量添加发酵的辣木叶提取物可使金鱼身体（57.81%）、尾部（71.71%）和头部（71.13%）的颜色多样性值最高。辣木叶提取物对饲养奥兰达金鱼的生长率、存活率、血液轮廓和水质参数没有影响。黑木耳提取物具有用于奥兰达金鱼养殖的潜力，添加量为 60 毫升/千克可获得最佳的颜色亮度和多样性。
{"title":"Potential effects of fermented moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract to increase the color brightness of the Oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus)","authors":"S. Umaiyah, Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra, Muh. Herjayanto, M. B. Syamsunarno","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150216","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Umaiyah S, Putra AN, Herjayanto M, Syamsunarno MB. 2023. Potential effects of fermented moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract to increase the color brightness of the Oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus). Nusantara Bioscience 15: 288-296. Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaf extract serves as a natural reservoir of carotenoids, prominently ?-carotene, effectively employed to augment the color quality of ornamental fish. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of adding fermented moringa leaf extract to feed to enhance the color vibrancy of Oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)). Moringa leaves were also fermented using Aspergillus niger Tiegh. at a dosage of 0.5 g/100 g for 48 hours, followed by extraction using 70% ethanol. Four doses of fermented moringa leaf extract (0, 40, 50, 60 mL/kg) with three replications were added to a commercial feed using the coating method. The results showed that the carotene in fermented moringa leaf extract is 94.22 ppm/50 mL. Adding moringa leaf extract to the feed enhanced the Oranda goldfish's brightness and color diversity. The addition of fermented moringa leaf extract at a dose of 60 mL/kg led to the highest color diversity values on the body (57.81%), caudal (71.71%), and head (71.13%) compared to other treatments. Moringa leaf extract did not affect growth rate, survival, blood profile, and water quality parameters for maintaining Oranda goldfish. The extract from A. niger had the potential to be used in the cultivation of Oranda goldfish, and the addition of 60 mL/kg achieved the best color brightness and diversity.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150214
Kh Binashikhbubkr, A. Setyawan, D. Naim
Abstract. Binashikhbubkr K, Setyawan AD, Naim DM. 2023. Morphometric variations of Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) in Malaysian and Yemeni waters. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 269-278. Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849 (Kawakawa), a small epipelagic tuna that migrates, is one of the most commercially significant tunas in Indo-Pacific subtropical and tropical waters. Unfortunately, there is a lack of knowledge on the region's stock structure and management of the particular migratory species. The present investigation aimed to distinguish body shape differences among 20 populations of E. affinis across Malaysian and Yemen coastal waters. A total of 416 specimens of E. affinis were sampled from five central geographic regions: the South China Sea, Straits of Malacca, Sulu Sea, Celebes Sea, and the Arabian Sea. Multivariate analyses, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA), and Cluster Analysis (CA) of 12 morphometric variables, were conducted to differentiate 20 populations of E. affinis. The findings revealed significant differences in the body form among 20 populations. Morphological homogeneity was observed among populations from Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo (Sabah and Sarawak). As expected, Yemen's (Mukalla City) populations were clearly segregated and formed a separate cluster. The highest percentage of correctly classified specimens (100%) came from populations in Pulau Tenggol (Terengganu) and Kukup (Johor). In contrast, the highest percentage of misclassified specimens (100%) came from populations in Kota Kinabalu (Sabah), Bintawa (Sarawak), Lumut (Perak), and Endau (Johor). Based on the Mahalanobis distances, hierarchical cluster analyses revealed that 20 populations of E. affinis could be clustered into three distinct groups. This is the first report on E. affinis from Peninsular Malaysia, Malaysian Borneo (Sabah and Sarawak), and the waters of Yemen using morphometric techniques.
{"title":"Morphometric variations of Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) in Malaysian and Yemeni waters","authors":"Kh Binashikhbubkr, A. Setyawan, D. Naim","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150214","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Binashikhbubkr K, Setyawan AD, Naim DM. 2023. Morphometric variations of Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) in Malaysian and Yemeni waters. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 269-278. Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849 (Kawakawa), a small epipelagic tuna that migrates, is one of the most commercially significant tunas in Indo-Pacific subtropical and tropical waters. Unfortunately, there is a lack of knowledge on the region's stock structure and management of the particular migratory species. The present investigation aimed to distinguish body shape differences among 20 populations of E. affinis across Malaysian and Yemen coastal waters. A total of 416 specimens of E. affinis were sampled from five central geographic regions: the South China Sea, Straits of Malacca, Sulu Sea, Celebes Sea, and the Arabian Sea. Multivariate analyses, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA), and Cluster Analysis (CA) of 12 morphometric variables, were conducted to differentiate 20 populations of E. affinis. The findings revealed significant differences in the body form among 20 populations. Morphological homogeneity was observed among populations from Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo (Sabah and Sarawak). As expected, Yemen's (Mukalla City) populations were clearly segregated and formed a separate cluster. The highest percentage of correctly classified specimens (100%) came from populations in Pulau Tenggol (Terengganu) and Kukup (Johor). In contrast, the highest percentage of misclassified specimens (100%) came from populations in Kota Kinabalu (Sabah), Bintawa (Sarawak), Lumut (Perak), and Endau (Johor). Based on the Mahalanobis distances, hierarchical cluster analyses revealed that 20 populations of E. affinis could be clustered into three distinct groups. This is the first report on E. affinis from Peninsular Malaysia, Malaysian Borneo (Sabah and Sarawak), and the waters of Yemen using morphometric techniques.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139228358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150215
A. Nafisaturrahmah, Ari Susilowati, A. Pangastuti
Abstract. Nafisaturrahmah A, Susilowati A, Pangastuti A. 2023. Optimization of L-asparaginase production from endophytic bacteria isolated from the mangrove Rhizophora mucronata. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 279-287. L-asparaginase is an enzyme that hydrolyes L-asparaginase to L-aspartate and ammonia. L-asparaginase has the potential to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other malignant cancers. So far, purified L-asparaginase from Escherichia coli and Erwinea chrysanthemi has been available and applied clinically in humans. However, this treatment has side effects such as allergy, cross-interaction, immune system stimulation, drug resistance, and nonspecific L-glutaminase activity. These side effects can be overcome by discovering new sources of L-asparaginase, which are serologically different but have similar therapeutic effects. This study aims to determine the optimal conditions of endophytic bacterial culture in producing L-asparaginase. Endophytic bacteria were screened using an M9 medium with asparagine as a substrate; the L-asparaginase-producing isolates showed pink zones around the colonies. Optimization of L-aparaginase production by endophytic bacteria is carried out by One Factor at A Time (OFAT). Optimization of enzyme production includes incubation time, temperature, pH, ammonium sulfate levels, and glucose concentration in the bacterial growth medium; determination of enzyme production by Nesslerization method. The results showed that 8 isolates could produce high L-asparaginase, 14 isolates had medium ability, 30 isolates had low ability, and 2 bacterial isolates did not produce L-asparaginase. Endophytic isolates were able to produce the highest L-Aparaginase under different optimal conditions. The optimal incubation time for endophytic isolates in this study was 60-84 hours, the optimal temperature was 37ºC, the optimal pH was 7, the nitrogen content was 0.25 mg/L, and the optimal glucose level was 3%.
{"title":"Optimization of L-asparaginase production from endophytic bacteria isolated from the mangrove Rhizophora mucronata","authors":"A. Nafisaturrahmah, Ari Susilowati, A. Pangastuti","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150215","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Nafisaturrahmah A, Susilowati A, Pangastuti A. 2023. Optimization of L-asparaginase production from endophytic bacteria isolated from the mangrove Rhizophora mucronata. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 279-287. L-asparaginase is an enzyme that hydrolyes L-asparaginase to L-aspartate and ammonia. L-asparaginase has the potential to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other malignant cancers. So far, purified L-asparaginase from Escherichia coli and Erwinea chrysanthemi has been available and applied clinically in humans. However, this treatment has side effects such as allergy, cross-interaction, immune system stimulation, drug resistance, and nonspecific L-glutaminase activity. These side effects can be overcome by discovering new sources of L-asparaginase, which are serologically different but have similar therapeutic effects. This study aims to determine the optimal conditions of endophytic bacterial culture in producing L-asparaginase. Endophytic bacteria were screened using an M9 medium with asparagine as a substrate; the L-asparaginase-producing isolates showed pink zones around the colonies. Optimization of L-aparaginase production by endophytic bacteria is carried out by One Factor at A Time (OFAT). Optimization of enzyme production includes incubation time, temperature, pH, ammonium sulfate levels, and glucose concentration in the bacterial growth medium; determination of enzyme production by Nesslerization method. The results showed that 8 isolates could produce high L-asparaginase, 14 isolates had medium ability, 30 isolates had low ability, and 2 bacterial isolates did not produce L-asparaginase. Endophytic isolates were able to produce the highest L-Aparaginase under different optimal conditions. The optimal incubation time for endophytic isolates in this study was 60-84 hours, the optimal temperature was 37ºC, the optimal pH was 7, the nitrogen content was 0.25 mg/L, and the optimal glucose level was 3%.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139233470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150212
Winda Rizki Pebrina Batubara, Tri Nugraha Susilawati, D. Indarto
Abstract. Batubara WRP, Susilawati TN, Indarto D. 2023. The potency of Berastagi sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extract for obesity treatment: A study in the rats. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 251-257. Obesity is an abnormal accumulation of body fat and is a trigger factor for various degenerative diseases. Obese continues to grow every year in the world. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Orange Peel Extract (OPE) on Body Weight (BW), obesity index (Lee Index), Body Fat Percentage (BFP) and visceral fat in obese-model rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: controls (negative/NC given aquadest and positive/PC given orlistat 12.3 mg/kgBW/day) and interventions (OPE 1-3) given OPE 250, 500 and 750 mg/kgBW/day, respectively. All rats were fed a high-fat, high-fructose (HFHFr) diet for 28 days. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Friedman test with p<0.05. The average BW in all groups increased significantly after 14 and 28 days of the intervention (p=0.005). A significant decrease in the obesity index average was found in the OPE 2 and 3 groups (p=0.028 and p=0.034) compared to the NC group. The OPE 1-3 and PC group significantly decreased in average BFP compared with the NC group on the 28th day of intervention (p<0.05). In conclusion, OPE can reduce obesity induced by HFHFr. Future research could be directed to evaluate the OPE side effects for obesity treatment.
{"title":"The potency of Berastagi sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extract for obesity treatment: An experimental study in male rats","authors":"Winda Rizki Pebrina Batubara, Tri Nugraha Susilawati, D. Indarto","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150212","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Batubara WRP, Susilawati TN, Indarto D. 2023. The potency of Berastagi sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extract for obesity treatment: A study in the rats. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 251-257. Obesity is an abnormal accumulation of body fat and is a trigger factor for various degenerative diseases. Obese continues to grow every year in the world. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Orange Peel Extract (OPE) on Body Weight (BW), obesity index (Lee Index), Body Fat Percentage (BFP) and visceral fat in obese-model rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: controls (negative/NC given aquadest and positive/PC given orlistat 12.3 mg/kgBW/day) and interventions (OPE 1-3) given OPE 250, 500 and 750 mg/kgBW/day, respectively. All rats were fed a high-fat, high-fructose (HFHFr) diet for 28 days. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Friedman test with p<0.05. The average BW in all groups increased significantly after 14 and 28 days of the intervention (p=0.005). A significant decrease in the obesity index average was found in the OPE 2 and 3 groups (p=0.028 and p=0.034) compared to the NC group. The OPE 1-3 and PC group significantly decreased in average BFP compared with the NC group on the 28th day of intervention (p<0.05). In conclusion, OPE can reduce obesity induced by HFHFr. Future research could be directed to evaluate the OPE side effects for obesity treatment.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139280465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150213
Kh Binashikhbubkr, A. Setyawan, D. Naim
Abstract. Binashikhbubkr K, Setyawan AD, Naim DM. 2023. Population genetic structure of Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis (Cantor, 1849)) in Malaysian waters based on COI gene. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 258-268. Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) is widely distributed in the subtropical and tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region. Still, insufficient data about its stock, management, and protection in Malaysia and nearby waters raises concerns about overfishing and depletion. Therefore, to ensure effective and successful management of a species, it is imperative to conduct a molecular-based assessment of the stock structure. The present study investigated the population genetic structure of E. affinis in Malaysian waters using the mtDNA COI gene. Furthermore, the 632 bp segment of the COI region was sequenced in 372 individuals from 19 distinct populations in Malaysian waters. The results revealed that the genetic divergence varied from low to high. The average Haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (?) were calculated to be 0.5401 and 0.0045, respectively. Examining haplotype distribution unveiled the presence of 22 unique haplotypes within the COI gene of E. affinis. The analysis of the Neighbor Joining (NJ) tree and the Minimum Spanning Network (MSN) revealed the formation of three distinct clades among E. affinis samples. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed a significant genetic structure among the 19 populations of E. affinis [(FST = 0.5354 (P < 0.05)]. The neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis indicated that the specimens underwent a period of population expansion. This study is a significant milestone, providing the first comprehensive documentation of the genetic structure of E. affinis in Malaysia.
摘要： Binashikhbubkr K、Setyawan AD、Naim DM.Binashikhbubkr K, Setyawan AD, Naim DM.2023.基于 COI 基因的马来西亚水域川鱼（Euthynnus affinis (Cantor, 1849)）种群遗传结构。Nusantara Bioscience 15: 258-268.川鱼（Euthynnus affinis Cantor，1849 年）广泛分布于印度洋-太平洋地区的亚热带和热带水域。然而，马来西亚及其附近水域有关其种群、管理和保护的数据不足，这引起了人们对过度捕捞和枯竭的担忧。因此，为了确保有效和成功地管理一个物种，必须对其种群结构进行分子评估。本研究利用 mtDNA COI 基因调查了马来西亚水域 E. affinis 的种群遗传结构。此外，还对马来西亚水域 19 个不同种群中 372 个个体的 632 bp COI 区段进行了测序。结果显示，遗传差异从低到高不等。计算得出的平均单倍型多样性（Hd）和核苷酸多样性（?）分别为 0.5401 和 0.0045。对单倍型分布的研究发现，E. affinis 的 COI 基因中存在 22 个独特的单倍型。通过分析邻接树（NJ）和最小跨度网络（MSN），发现在E. affinis样本中形成了三个不同的支系。分子方差分析（AMOVA）显示，E. affinis 的 19 个种群之间存在显著的遗传结构[（FST = 0.5354 (P < 0.05)]。中性检验和错配分布分析表明，标本经历了一个种群扩张时期。这项研究是一个重要的里程碑，首次全面记录了马来西亚 E. affinis 的遗传结构。
{"title":"Population genetic structure of Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) in Malaysian waters based on COI gene","authors":"Kh Binashikhbubkr, A. Setyawan, D. Naim","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150213","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Binashikhbubkr K, Setyawan AD, Naim DM. 2023. Population genetic structure of Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis (Cantor, 1849)) in Malaysian waters based on COI gene. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 258-268. Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) is widely distributed in the subtropical and tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region. Still, insufficient data about its stock, management, and protection in Malaysia and nearby waters raises concerns about overfishing and depletion. Therefore, to ensure effective and successful management of a species, it is imperative to conduct a molecular-based assessment of the stock structure. The present study investigated the population genetic structure of E. affinis in Malaysian waters using the mtDNA COI gene. Furthermore, the 632 bp segment of the COI region was sequenced in 372 individuals from 19 distinct populations in Malaysian waters. The results revealed that the genetic divergence varied from low to high. The average Haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (?) were calculated to be 0.5401 and 0.0045, respectively. Examining haplotype distribution unveiled the presence of 22 unique haplotypes within the COI gene of E. affinis. The analysis of the Neighbor Joining (NJ) tree and the Minimum Spanning Network (MSN) revealed the formation of three distinct clades among E. affinis samples. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed a significant genetic structure among the 19 populations of E. affinis [(FST = 0.5354 (P < 0.05)]. The neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis indicated that the specimens underwent a period of population expansion. This study is a significant milestone, providing the first comprehensive documentation of the genetic structure of E. affinis in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139280724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Adhyaningtyas RFI, Rahmawati, Mukarlina. 2023. Effect of phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria on Pontianak siam citrus (Citrus ×nobilis var. microcarpa) seed germination. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 245-250. West Kalimantan is one of Indonesia's largest producing areas for Siam citrus (Citrus ×nobilis var. microcarpa Hassk.). It is necessary to carry out the proper treatments within the early stages of planting, which increases the speed of germination of citrus seeds to quickly increase the number of seedlings. The biological agents that play a role in promoting plant growth are a group of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), consisting of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria (NFB). This study aims to determine the effect of a combination treatment or a single treatment of phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which is known to obtain the best results in the germination and growth of Siam citrus seeds. The study was conducted in a nonfactorial, Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The given treatments were control (without bacterial inoculum), nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB P1), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB P2), a combination of NFB and PSB bacteria with a ratio of 1:1 (P3), a combination of NFB and PSB bacteria with a ratio of 2:1 (P4), and the combination of NFB and PSB bacteria with a ratio of 1:2 (P5). Observations were made for 4 weeks after planting. A single treatment with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (P2) gave the best result on almost all parameters, such as germination percentage, emergence time of germination, root length, number of leaves and fresh weight of Siam citrus seedlings.
{"title":"Effect of phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria on Pontianak siam citrus (Citrus ×nobilis var. microcarpa) seed germination","authors":"Retno Fikria Idil Adhyaningtyas, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Mukarlina Mukarlina","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150211","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Adhyaningtyas RFI, Rahmawati, Mukarlina. 2023. Effect of phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria on Pontianak siam citrus (Citrus ×nobilis var. microcarpa) seed germination. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 245-250. West Kalimantan is one of Indonesia's largest producing areas for Siam citrus (Citrus ×nobilis var. microcarpa Hassk.). It is necessary to carry out the proper treatments within the early stages of planting, which increases the speed of germination of citrus seeds to quickly increase the number of seedlings. The biological agents that play a role in promoting plant growth are a group of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), consisting of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria (NFB). This study aims to determine the effect of a combination treatment or a single treatment of phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which is known to obtain the best results in the germination and growth of Siam citrus seeds. The study was conducted in a nonfactorial, Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The given treatments were control (without bacterial inoculum), nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB P1), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB P2), a combination of NFB and PSB bacteria with a ratio of 1:1 (P3), a combination of NFB and PSB bacteria with a ratio of 2:1 (P4), and the combination of NFB and PSB bacteria with a ratio of 1:2 (P5). Observations were made for 4 weeks after planting. A single treatment with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (P2) gave the best result on almost all parameters, such as germination percentage, emergence time of germination, root length, number of leaves and fresh weight of Siam citrus seedlings.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150210
A. Pangastuti, Hesti Pratiwi, Ratna Setyaningsih
Abstract. Pangastuti A, Pratiwi H, Setyaningsih R. 2023. Screening for endophytic bacteria from Ambon Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) as biocontrol agent of anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) on bananas fruit. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 238-244. Post-harvest Ambon Bananas (Musa paradisiaca L.) are sensitive to anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and causes the fruit to rot quickly. Thus, chemical fungicides are employed, damaging living organisms and the environment. One solution is biocontrol using endophytic microorganisms as antagonistic agents against the anthracnose fungus that causes anthracnose disease. This study aimed to obtain potential endophytic bacteria from the Ambon Banana plant that had inhibitory activity against the growth of the pathogenic fungus C. gloeosporioides that causes anthracnose in bananas. Endophytic bacteria were recovered from Ambon Banana roots by crushing plant components. Therefore, bacterial isolates were tested for antagonistic interactions with pathogenic fungi using the dual culture approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was used to identify bacterial isolates with the most significant inhibitory potential. According to the findings of this study, seven isolates of endophytic bacteria, A2-1, A2-2, A5-2, A6-2, A6-3, A8-1, and A9-1, can limit the growth of the pathogenic fungus C. gloeosporioides. The strain A6-3, identified as Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, exhibited the greatest potential as a biocontrol agent against the pathogenic fungus C. gloeosporioides. It achieved the highest inhibition rate of 43.59%, resulting in an extended fruit shelf life and reduced harm susceptibility.
{"title":"Screening for endophytic bacteria from Ambon Banana (Musa paradisiaca) as biocontrol agent of anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) on bananas fruit","authors":"A. Pangastuti, Hesti Pratiwi, Ratna Setyaningsih","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150210","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Pangastuti A, Pratiwi H, Setyaningsih R. 2023. Screening for endophytic bacteria from Ambon Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) as biocontrol agent of anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) on bananas fruit. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 238-244. Post-harvest Ambon Bananas (Musa paradisiaca L.) are sensitive to anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and causes the fruit to rot quickly. Thus, chemical fungicides are employed, damaging living organisms and the environment. One solution is biocontrol using endophytic microorganisms as antagonistic agents against the anthracnose fungus that causes anthracnose disease. This study aimed to obtain potential endophytic bacteria from the Ambon Banana plant that had inhibitory activity against the growth of the pathogenic fungus C. gloeosporioides that causes anthracnose in bananas. Endophytic bacteria were recovered from Ambon Banana roots by crushing plant components. Therefore, bacterial isolates were tested for antagonistic interactions with pathogenic fungi using the dual culture approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was used to identify bacterial isolates with the most significant inhibitory potential. According to the findings of this study, seven isolates of endophytic bacteria, A2-1, A2-2, A5-2, A6-2, A6-3, A8-1, and A9-1, can limit the growth of the pathogenic fungus C. gloeosporioides. The strain A6-3, identified as Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, exhibited the greatest potential as a biocontrol agent against the pathogenic fungus C. gloeosporioides. It achieved the highest inhibition rate of 43.59%, resulting in an extended fruit shelf life and reduced harm susceptibility.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139320223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150208
Parvaiz Yousuf, Semran Parvaiz, N. Zehbi, Sabia Altaf, Bilal Nasir Zargar, Rouf Rather, J. Tantray, Mohammad Lateef
Abstract. Yousuf P, Parvaiz S, Zehbi N, Altaf S, Zargar BN, Rather R, Tantray J, Lateef M. 2023. Avifaunal diversity of Northwestern Himalayas (Jammu and Kashmir) and Trans Himalayas (Ladakh) of India. Biodiversitas 24: 212-231. The Himalayas are home to various plants and animals, making it one of the world's most biodiverse regions. The northwestern Himalayan region of the trans-Himalayan Region of Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir, India are home to various bird species due to varied topography and temperature. In this study, we collected the checklists and field data for 3 years based on compiling data from published and unpublished scientific literature, print and electronic, currently accessible in research articles, papers, books, websites, web pages, and field notes. The trans-Himalayas (Ladakh) and Northwestern Himalayas (Jammu and Kashmir) are home to 677 bird species, which belong to 89 families; there are approximately 107 families in the Indian sub-continent, equals to 6.77% of total bird species (>10,000) found globally and 49.2% of total bird species (1,376) in the Indian subcontinent. The family Muscicapidae (53 or 7.8%) has the most species, followed by Accipitridae (41 or 6%), and so on. Furthermore, the threatened species number is 54 (8%), which includes 23 (3.40%), 22 (3.25%), 6 (0.8%), and 3 (0.44%) under Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Endangered, and critically Endangered categories. Moreover, among 677 species, 228 species (33.77%) are found in all the 3 regions, 77 (11.4%) in only Jammu & Kashmir but not Ladakh, 24 (3.55%) in Jammu & Ladakh but not in Kashmir, 152 (22.5%) only in Jammu but not in Kashmir & Ladakh, 80 (11.85%) in Kashmir & Ladakh but not in Jammu, 26 (3.84%) only in Kashmir but not in Jammu & Ladakh, 71 (10.51%) only in Ladakh but not in Jammu & Kashmir. This information could provide these regions first-of-its-kind comprehensive data on bird diversity.
{"title":"Avifaunal diversity of Northwestern Himalayas (Jammu and Kashmir) and Trans Himalayas (Ladakh) of India","authors":"Parvaiz Yousuf, Semran Parvaiz, N. Zehbi, Sabia Altaf, Bilal Nasir Zargar, Rouf Rather, J. Tantray, Mohammad Lateef","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150208","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Yousuf P, Parvaiz S, Zehbi N, Altaf S, Zargar BN, Rather R, Tantray J, Lateef M. 2023. Avifaunal diversity of Northwestern Himalayas (Jammu and Kashmir) and Trans Himalayas (Ladakh) of India. Biodiversitas 24: 212-231. The Himalayas are home to various plants and animals, making it one of the world's most biodiverse regions. The northwestern Himalayan region of the trans-Himalayan Region of Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir, India are home to various bird species due to varied topography and temperature. In this study, we collected the checklists and field data for 3 years based on compiling data from published and unpublished scientific literature, print and electronic, currently accessible in research articles, papers, books, websites, web pages, and field notes. The trans-Himalayas (Ladakh) and Northwestern Himalayas (Jammu and Kashmir) are home to 677 bird species, which belong to 89 families; there are approximately 107 families in the Indian sub-continent, equals to 6.77% of total bird species (>10,000) found globally and 49.2% of total bird species (1,376) in the Indian subcontinent. The family Muscicapidae (53 or 7.8%) has the most species, followed by Accipitridae (41 or 6%), and so on. Furthermore, the threatened species number is 54 (8%), which includes 23 (3.40%), 22 (3.25%), 6 (0.8%), and 3 (0.44%) under Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Endangered, and critically Endangered categories. Moreover, among 677 species, 228 species (33.77%) are found in all the 3 regions, 77 (11.4%) in only Jammu & Kashmir but not Ladakh, 24 (3.55%) in Jammu & Ladakh but not in Kashmir, 152 (22.5%) only in Jammu but not in Kashmir & Ladakh, 80 (11.85%) in Kashmir & Ladakh but not in Jammu, 26 (3.84%) only in Kashmir but not in Jammu & Ladakh, 71 (10.51%) only in Ladakh but not in Jammu & Kashmir. This information could provide these regions first-of-its-kind comprehensive data on bird diversity.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139321747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150209
V. Ho
The medicinal plant Ludisia discolor has been highly valued for its effectiveness in treating various diseases. To better understand its genetic makeup, the complete chloroplast genome (cp) of this plant from Vietnam was sequenced, annotated, and compared with published cp genomes. The results of this study revealed that the complete cp genome of L. discolor is 151,876 bp in size consisting of 96 protein coding genes, 12 rRNA and 33 tRNA genes. Total 53 simple sequence repeats were detected in this genome, most of them are polyA and polyT. Genomic comparisons revealed significant differences between the cp genomes of L. discolor from Vietnam with other accessions from China. These findings could provide valuable insights for the taxonomy, plant identification, breeding, and conservation programs of L. discolor in Vietnam.
{"title":"The initial complete chloroplast genome of Ludisia discolor in Vietnam","authors":"V. Ho","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150209","url":null,"abstract":"The medicinal plant Ludisia discolor has been highly valued for its effectiveness in treating various diseases. To better understand its genetic makeup, the complete chloroplast genome (cp) of this plant from Vietnam was sequenced, annotated, and compared with published cp genomes. The results of this study revealed that the complete cp genome of L. discolor is 151,876 bp in size consisting of 96 protein coding genes, 12 rRNA and 33 tRNA genes. Total 53 simple sequence repeats were detected in this genome, most of them are polyA and polyT. Genomic comparisons revealed significant differences between the cp genomes of L. discolor from Vietnam with other accessions from China. These findings could provide valuable insights for the taxonomy, plant identification, breeding, and conservation programs of L. discolor in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139321822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150207
Kamal Shaltout, Heba Bedair, Mahmoud EL-KHALAFY, Amr Keshta, M. Halmy
Abstract. Shaltout K, Bedair H, El-Khalafy MM, Keshta A, Halmy MWA. 2023. The link of socioeconomic importance to the conservation status of the Mediterranean endemic plants in Egypt. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 189-211. Mediterranean Basin is the second world's richest hotspot and one of the most critical spots on the planet for endemic species. Therefore, the present study aimed at screening the Mediterranean endemics and evaluating the uses of recorded taxa quantitively through developing new indices and updating the existing ones. Indeed, Semi-structured interviews were used with 43 informants. Relative Cultural Importance (RCI), Species Conservation Importance (SCI), and Relative Medicinal Importance (RMI) indices were applied to determine the most valuable taxa. A preliminary list of 65 Mediterranean endemic species belonging to 49 genera and 22 families in Egypt was compiled from the available literature. Fifty-seven (87.7%) species have at least one aspect of the potential or actual economic value. The most represented use category was the medicinal value (39 taxa: 69.6%). Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. was mentioned in the highest use categories (NU: 5). Veronica syriaca Roem. & Schult. attained the maximum ethnobotanical Relative Importance (RI) index value. It is crucial to shed light on the cultural value of Mediterranean endemics to guide future management planning to support the conservation and sustainable use of these critical species.
{"title":"The link of socioeconomic importance to the conservation status of the Mediterranean endemic plants in Egypt","authors":"Kamal Shaltout, Heba Bedair, Mahmoud EL-KHALAFY, Amr Keshta, M. Halmy","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150207","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Shaltout K, Bedair H, El-Khalafy MM, Keshta A, Halmy MWA. 2023. The link of socioeconomic importance to the conservation status of the Mediterranean endemic plants in Egypt. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 189-211. Mediterranean Basin is the second world's richest hotspot and one of the most critical spots on the planet for endemic species. Therefore, the present study aimed at screening the Mediterranean endemics and evaluating the uses of recorded taxa quantitively through developing new indices and updating the existing ones. Indeed, Semi-structured interviews were used with 43 informants. Relative Cultural Importance (RCI), Species Conservation Importance (SCI), and Relative Medicinal Importance (RMI) indices were applied to determine the most valuable taxa. A preliminary list of 65 Mediterranean endemic species belonging to 49 genera and 22 families in Egypt was compiled from the available literature. Fifty-seven (87.7%) species have at least one aspect of the potential or actual economic value. The most represented use category was the medicinal value (39 taxa: 69.6%). Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. was mentioned in the highest use categories (NU: 5). Veronica syriaca Roem. & Schult. attained the maximum ethnobotanical Relative Importance (RI) index value. It is crucial to shed light on the cultural value of Mediterranean endemics to guide future management planning to support the conservation and sustainable use of these critical species.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139338965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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