Pub Date : 2023-04-29DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150110
R. Damanik, C. Hanum, L. J. Sembiring
Abstract. Damanik RIM, Hanum C, Sembiring LJ. 2023. Response of various growth regulators and shade intensity to the growth of arabica coffee seedlings of Sigarar Utang variety. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 85-89. The productivity of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) of the Sigarar Utang variety in Indonesia is still relatively low, especially in Simalungun District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Growth regulators and shade are some factors that must be considered in nurseries. This research aims to determine the best growth regulators type and shade intensity for Arabika coffee seedling growth. The experiment was conducted from March to June 2022 in Nagori Ujung Bawang, Simalungun District, and the Central Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra. The study used a Split Plot design of 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor (main plot) consists of 4 levels, namely 0, 50, 70, and 90% shade intensity. The second factor (sub-plot) consists of the three growth regulator treatments, i.e., auxin, cytokinin, and the combination of auxin and cytokinin. The results showed that the interaction between shade intensity and growth regulators had a significantly different effect on increasing root length. The shade treatment significantly affected plant height, leaf area, and total chlorophyll content of leaves. However, it did not affect the stem diameter. A shade intensity of 90% significantly increased plant height, leaf area, and total chlorophyll content of leaves.
{"title":"Response of various growth regulators and shade intensity to the growth of arabica coffee seedlings of Sigarar Utang variety","authors":"R. Damanik, C. Hanum, L. J. Sembiring","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150110","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Damanik RIM, Hanum C, Sembiring LJ. 2023. Response of various growth regulators and shade intensity to the growth of arabica coffee seedlings of Sigarar Utang variety. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 85-89. The productivity of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) of the Sigarar Utang variety in Indonesia is still relatively low, especially in Simalungun District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Growth regulators and shade are some factors that must be considered in nurseries. This research aims to determine the best growth regulators type and shade intensity for Arabika coffee seedling growth. The experiment was conducted from March to June 2022 in Nagori Ujung Bawang, Simalungun District, and the Central Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra. The study used a Split Plot design of 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor (main plot) consists of 4 levels, namely 0, 50, 70, and 90% shade intensity. The second factor (sub-plot) consists of the three growth regulator treatments, i.e., auxin, cytokinin, and the combination of auxin and cytokinin. The results showed that the interaction between shade intensity and growth regulators had a significantly different effect on increasing root length. The shade treatment significantly affected plant height, leaf area, and total chlorophyll content of leaves. However, it did not affect the stem diameter. A shade intensity of 90% significantly increased plant height, leaf area, and total chlorophyll content of leaves.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47939307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-29DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150111
SATA YOSHIDA SRIE RAHAYU, AZAHRA FADILA, MELTA RINI FAHMI
Abstract. Rahayu SYS, Fadila A, Fahmi MR. 2023. Identification of metallothionein protein in Anodonta woodiana as a biomarker of mercury (Hg) contamination. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 90-94. Heavy metal contamination can affect the survival of aquatic biota and will accumulate in the bodiesorganisms. Moreover, contamination identification at the molecular level can be analyzed using biomarker analysis. Biomarkers are responses measured individually, ranging from enzymes and xenobiotic measurements to organ and overall conditions. Biomarker analysis can be done by checking the metallothionein protein, this expression can be induced by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Metallothionein (MT) has a thiol group with nucleophilic properties. As a result, this group can make Metallothionein able to find metals and free radicals. Therefore, prevention that can be done to reduce contamination at a higher trophic level requires monitoring the molecular level by observing the metallothionein protein. For example, Anodonta woodiana (Rea, 1834) or kijing taiwan induced by HgCl2 aims to characterize their absorption ability in the environment through metallothionein protein. That was conducted by the SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) method. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis results showed that the size of the metallothionein protein was 7 kDa, 15 kDa, and >30 kDa. Size >30 kDa is a group of proteins related to stress control or Heat shock protein (Hsp). The presence of Hsp is due to the body increasing stress protein synthesis and metallothionein to reduce normal protein synthesis. Based on the results obtained, this study revealed that A. woodiana could absorb HgCl2, as evidenced by the metallothionein protein characterization results.
摘要Rahayu SYS, Fadila A, Fahmi MR. 2023。石竹中金属硫蛋白作为汞污染生物标志物的鉴定。生物科学15:90-94。重金属污染会影响水生生物群的生存，并在体内积累。此外，分子水平的污染鉴定可以使用生物标志物分析进行分析。生物标志物是单独测量的反应，范围从酶和外源测量到器官和整体状况。生物标志物分析可以通过检测金属硫蛋白来完成，金属硫蛋白的表达可以被活性氧(ROS)诱导。金属硫蛋白(MT)具有亲核性质的巯基。因此，这个基团可以使金属硫蛋白能够找到金属和自由基。因此，预防可以在更高的营养水平上减少污染需要通过观察金属硫蛋白来监测分子水平。例如Anodonta woodiana (Rea, 1834)或kijing taiwan，通过HgCl2诱导，旨在通过金属硫蛋白表征其在环境中的吸收能力。采用SDS-PAGE(十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳)方法进行分析。SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示，金属硫蛋白的大小分别为7 kDa、15 kDa和30 kDa。Size > 30kda是一组与应激控制有关的蛋白质或热休克蛋白(Hsp)。热休克蛋白的存在是由于机体增加应激蛋白合成和金属硫蛋白以减少正常蛋白合成。基于所得结果，本研究发现木犀草能够吸收HgCl2，金属硫蛋白表征结果也证实了这一点。
{"title":"Identification of metallothionein protein in Anodonta woodiana as a biomarker of mercury (Hg) contamination","authors":"SATA YOSHIDA SRIE RAHAYU, AZAHRA FADILA, MELTA RINI FAHMI","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150111","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Rahayu SYS, Fadila A, Fahmi MR. 2023. Identification of metallothionein protein in Anodonta woodiana as a biomarker of mercury (Hg) contamination. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 90-94. Heavy metal contamination can affect the survival of aquatic biota and will accumulate in the bodiesorganisms. Moreover, contamination identification at the molecular level can be analyzed using biomarker analysis. Biomarkers are responses measured individually, ranging from enzymes and xenobiotic measurements to organ and overall conditions. Biomarker analysis can be done by checking the metallothionein protein, this expression can be induced by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Metallothionein (MT) has a thiol group with nucleophilic properties. As a result, this group can make Metallothionein able to find metals and free radicals. Therefore, prevention that can be done to reduce contamination at a higher trophic level requires monitoring the molecular level by observing the metallothionein protein. For example, Anodonta woodiana (Rea, 1834) or kijing taiwan induced by HgCl2 aims to characterize their absorption ability in the environment through metallothionein protein. That was conducted by the SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) method. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis results showed that the size of the metallothionein protein was 7 kDa, 15 kDa, and >30 kDa. Size >30 kDa is a group of proteins related to stress control or Heat shock protein (Hsp). The presence of Hsp is due to the body increasing stress protein synthesis and metallothionein to reduce normal protein synthesis. Based on the results obtained, this study revealed that A. woodiana could absorb HgCl2, as evidenced by the metallothionein protein characterization results.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135846980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150109
E. Mwakalukwa, A. Mwakisu, S. Madundo, S. Maliondo
Abstract. Mwakalukwa EE, Mwakisu A, Madundo S, Maliondo SMS. 2023. Vegetation composition, diversity, stand structure, and carbon storage of Lolkisale Village Land Forest Reserve in the Northeastern part of Tanzania. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 79-90. Little is known about the effects of human activities on the condition of the Lolkisale Village land Forest reserve located in Monduli District, Arusha region, in the northeastern part of Tanzania. This study assessed the status of woody species diversity, composition, structure, and available potential of the forest on carbon storage. The vegetation data were collected from 33 concentric sample plots of 5 m, 15 m, and 20 m radius laid systematically across the forest area of 960 ha. A total of 58 plant species belonging to 30 families were identified. Diversity indices have indicated a high woody species diversity in the forest reserve. The most important species were Commiphora schimperi (O.Berg) Engl., Dombeya rotundifolia (Hochst.) Planch., Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne, and Combretum molle R.Br. ex G. Don. Stand structure comprises 190 ± 117 stems ha-1, basal area of 7.68 ± 5.17m2ha-1 and standing volume of 64.04 ± 45.85 m3ha-1, while the mean above-ground carbon stocks and the mean below-ground carbon stocks were 19.55 ± 13.38 Mg C ha-1 and 3.91 ± 2.68 Mg C ha-1 respectively. Generally, the reserve was found to be in good condition. The observed high diversity of woody species signifies the importance of legally protecting this area as a village land forest reserve. In addition, quantifying other carbon pools, such as soil, dead wood, and surface litter, should be considered for estimating this forest's total carbon stock potential. In this regard, measures to control the use of the forest as a grazing area would be useful to allow new regrowth and young trees to attain maturity stages without being interfered with by the livestock.
{"title":"Vegetation composition, diversity, stand structure, and carbon storage of Lolkisale Village Land Forest Reserve in the Northeastern part of Tanzania","authors":"E. Mwakalukwa, A. Mwakisu, S. Madundo, S. Maliondo","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150109","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Mwakalukwa EE, Mwakisu A, Madundo S, Maliondo SMS. 2023. Vegetation composition, diversity, stand structure, and carbon storage of Lolkisale Village Land Forest Reserve in the Northeastern part of Tanzania. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 79-90. Little is known about the effects of human activities on the condition of the Lolkisale Village land Forest reserve located in Monduli District, Arusha region, in the northeastern part of Tanzania. This study assessed the status of woody species diversity, composition, structure, and available potential of the forest on carbon storage. The vegetation data were collected from 33 concentric sample plots of 5 m, 15 m, and 20 m radius laid systematically across the forest area of 960 ha. A total of 58 plant species belonging to 30 families were identified. Diversity indices have indicated a high woody species diversity in the forest reserve. The most important species were Commiphora schimperi (O.Berg) Engl., Dombeya rotundifolia (Hochst.) Planch., Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne, and Combretum molle R.Br. ex G. Don. Stand structure comprises 190 ± 117 stems ha-1, basal area of 7.68 ± 5.17m2ha-1 and standing volume of 64.04 ± 45.85 m3ha-1, while the mean above-ground carbon stocks and the mean below-ground carbon stocks were 19.55 ± 13.38 Mg C ha-1 and 3.91 ± 2.68 Mg C ha-1 respectively. Generally, the reserve was found to be in good condition. The observed high diversity of woody species signifies the importance of legally protecting this area as a village land forest reserve. In addition, quantifying other carbon pools, such as soil, dead wood, and surface litter, should be considered for estimating this forest's total carbon stock potential. In this regard, measures to control the use of the forest as a grazing area would be useful to allow new regrowth and young trees to attain maturity stages without being interfered with by the livestock.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46085102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150108
Zahra Hanun, Danastri Nur Athaya, Aini MAR'ATUSH Sholekha, Clara Estelita Damayanti, I. Nazar, Agustin Cahyaningsih, E. Junaedi, Inocencio E. BUOT JR., A. Setyawan
Abstract. Hanun Z, Athaya DN, Sholekha AM, Damayanti CE, Nazar IA, Cahyaningsih AP, Junaedi E, Buot JR IE Setyawan AD. 2023. The use of non-medicinal plants by the community of Ayah Village in South Gombong Karst Area, Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 68-78. In the homegardens of the people of Kebumen District, Central Java Province, Indonesia, especially in the karst area of Ayah Village, usually planted various plant species with many benefits. However, the knowledge of the people of Ayah Village, Kebumen, about the various benefits of plants is only known from generation to generation, passed on orally and in daily practice habits, so a study is needed to document this information. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of local communities and various types of non-medicinal plants used to fulfill people's daily lives. Data was collected through survey techniques and open interviews with a purposive sampling method with 40 respondents. An inventory of non-medicinal plants resulted in findings of 118 plant species from 59 families. The plants used consisted of 51 species of food plants, 40 species of ornamental plants, 19 species of spices, six species of animal feed, six species of firewood, five species of building materials, and two species of hedges. Some species have more than one use. Our study showed that most of the local community uses plants as food with more diverse plant species compared to other uses.
{"title":"The use of non-medicinal plants by the community of Ayah Village in South Gombong Karst Area, Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia","authors":"Zahra Hanun, Danastri Nur Athaya, Aini MAR'ATUSH Sholekha, Clara Estelita Damayanti, I. Nazar, Agustin Cahyaningsih, E. Junaedi, Inocencio E. BUOT JR., A. Setyawan","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150108","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Hanun Z, Athaya DN, Sholekha AM, Damayanti CE, Nazar IA, Cahyaningsih AP, Junaedi E, Buot JR IE Setyawan AD. 2023. The use of non-medicinal plants by the community of Ayah Village in South Gombong Karst Area, Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 68-78. In the homegardens of the people of Kebumen District, Central Java Province, Indonesia, especially in the karst area of Ayah Village, usually planted various plant species with many benefits. However, the knowledge of the people of Ayah Village, Kebumen, about the various benefits of plants is only known from generation to generation, passed on orally and in daily practice habits, so a study is needed to document this information. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of local communities and various types of non-medicinal plants used to fulfill people's daily lives. Data was collected through survey techniques and open interviews with a purposive sampling method with 40 respondents. An inventory of non-medicinal plants resulted in findings of 118 plant species from 59 families. The plants used consisted of 51 species of food plants, 40 species of ornamental plants, 19 species of spices, six species of animal feed, six species of firewood, five species of building materials, and two species of hedges. Some species have more than one use. Our study showed that most of the local community uses plants as food with more diverse plant species compared to other uses.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49069555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150107
Fahma Wijayanti, Ade Lisdaniyah, Maulidatul Hasanah, Dewi Elfidasari
Abstract. Wijayanti F, Lisdaniyah A, Hasanah M, Elfidasari D. 2023. Minerals and fatty acids profile of armored catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis from Ciliwung River, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 58-67. Fish is an important food source in human consumption due to its minerals and fatty acids needed for various body functions. One fish widely eaten by the people around the Ciliwung River, Indonesia is the armored catfish, Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau 1855). It has great economic value and is easily obtained by the residents along this river. Due to its high protein content, P. pardalis is a potential source of animal protein for humans. The unavailability of information detailing the minerals content and fatty acids in P. pardalis from the Ciliwung River makes it necessary to conduct this research to analyze the fish's minerals content and fatty acid profile. Analyses of minerals, fatty acid contents, and fatty acid profiles were conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), socletation, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) methods, respectively. The mineral content of P. pardalis from the highest order was calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sodium, iron, and zinc. Based on P. pardalis body size, large fish had the highest calcium concentration content, and the lowest calcium content was found in the medium fish. The fat content in this fish was very low (<1%), and the content of Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA) was greater than unsaturated ones. Furthermore, palmitate acid was the dominant fatty acid in the fish, while the biggest ratio of omega-6: omega-3 is fatty acids.
{"title":"Minerals and fatty acids profile of armored catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis from Ciliwung River, Indonesia","authors":"Fahma Wijayanti, Ade Lisdaniyah, Maulidatul Hasanah, Dewi Elfidasari","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150107","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Wijayanti F, Lisdaniyah A, Hasanah M, Elfidasari D. 2023. Minerals and fatty acids profile of armored catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis from Ciliwung River, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 58-67. Fish is an important food source in human consumption due to its minerals and fatty acids needed for various body functions. One fish widely eaten by the people around the Ciliwung River, Indonesia is the armored catfish, Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau 1855). It has great economic value and is easily obtained by the residents along this river. Due to its high protein content, P. pardalis is a potential source of animal protein for humans. The unavailability of information detailing the minerals content and fatty acids in P. pardalis from the Ciliwung River makes it necessary to conduct this research to analyze the fish's minerals content and fatty acid profile. Analyses of minerals, fatty acid contents, and fatty acid profiles were conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), socletation, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) methods, respectively. The mineral content of P. pardalis from the highest order was calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sodium, iron, and zinc. Based on P. pardalis body size, large fish had the highest calcium concentration content, and the lowest calcium content was found in the medium fish. The fat content in this fish was very low (<1%), and the content of Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA) was greater than unsaturated ones. Furthermore, palmitate acid was the dominant fatty acid in the fish, while the biggest ratio of omega-6: omega-3 is fatty acids.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42412709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150106
Gandoli Basumatary, Bichitra Narzary, B. Khangembam
Abstract. Basumatary G, Narzary B, Khangembam BK. 2023. Diversity and traditional ethnozoological uses of ichthyofauna by the Bodo Tribes of Kokrajhar, Assam, Northeast India. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 49-57. Fish is an important component of ethnomedicine for treating many diseases in many tribal cultures worldwide. Traditional medicine remains the primary healthcare system in most rural populations worldwide, and ethnomedicine is the foundation of many modern-day disease management. The use of fish in traditional healthcare could be a potent source for finding new compounds with therapeutic prospects. Studies on ethnoichthyology have indicated fish as an important component for treating many diseases. However, such studies are yet to be fully documented in the northeastern states of India, especially in Kokrajhar, Assam. The Bodos are one of the largest tribal groups of Assam in Northeast India, with a rich traditional knowledge system. The study explores the traditional uses of fish for various ethnomedicinal properties and health benefits by the Bodos of Kokrajhar, Assam. The study was conducted in eight villages of Kokrajhar District from March 2019 to February 2020 through personal interviews and semi-structured questionnaires with 150 informants. Thirty-four different fish species from 20 different families were identified to be used for their health benefits and therapeutic properties. The highest number of fish species belonged to the family Cyprinidae (20.59%), followed by Channidae (11.76%) and Ambassidae (8.82%). The highest use value (0.58) and relative frequency of citation (0.37) was recorded for Heteropneustes fossilis. Anaemia, gastrointestinal and integumentary disorders, and body weakness were the most commonly mentioned ailments treated. The present study also reported some small indigenous fish species for their health benefits. The study also found some unique traditional methods for preparing and applying fish species (Xenentodon cancila, Chitala chitala, Glossogobius giuris, Leiodon cutcutia, etc.) not reported earlier. Identification and detailed study of the biochemical profile of these different species may be recommended to develop suitable alternatives to synthetic medicines. This study may be a valuable addition to the rich traditional knowledge of Northeast India.
{"title":"Diversity and traditional ethnozoological uses of ichthyofauna by the Bodo Tribes of Kokrajhar, Assam, Northeast India","authors":"Gandoli Basumatary, Bichitra Narzary, B. Khangembam","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150106","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Basumatary G, Narzary B, Khangembam BK. 2023. Diversity and traditional ethnozoological uses of ichthyofauna by the Bodo Tribes of Kokrajhar, Assam, Northeast India. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 49-57. Fish is an important component of ethnomedicine for treating many diseases in many tribal cultures worldwide. Traditional medicine remains the primary healthcare system in most rural populations worldwide, and ethnomedicine is the foundation of many modern-day disease management. The use of fish in traditional healthcare could be a potent source for finding new compounds with therapeutic prospects. Studies on ethnoichthyology have indicated fish as an important component for treating many diseases. However, such studies are yet to be fully documented in the northeastern states of India, especially in Kokrajhar, Assam. The Bodos are one of the largest tribal groups of Assam in Northeast India, with a rich traditional knowledge system. The study explores the traditional uses of fish for various ethnomedicinal properties and health benefits by the Bodos of Kokrajhar, Assam. The study was conducted in eight villages of Kokrajhar District from March 2019 to February 2020 through personal interviews and semi-structured questionnaires with 150 informants. Thirty-four different fish species from 20 different families were identified to be used for their health benefits and therapeutic properties. The highest number of fish species belonged to the family Cyprinidae (20.59%), followed by Channidae (11.76%) and Ambassidae (8.82%). The highest use value (0.58) and relative frequency of citation (0.37) was recorded for Heteropneustes fossilis. Anaemia, gastrointestinal and integumentary disorders, and body weakness were the most commonly mentioned ailments treated. The present study also reported some small indigenous fish species for their health benefits. The study also found some unique traditional methods for preparing and applying fish species (Xenentodon cancila, Chitala chitala, Glossogobius giuris, Leiodon cutcutia, etc.) not reported earlier. Identification and detailed study of the biochemical profile of these different species may be recommended to develop suitable alternatives to synthetic medicines. This study may be a valuable addition to the rich traditional knowledge of Northeast India.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49530136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-18DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150105
A. Abebaw, P. V. Damme
Abstract. Abebaw AF, Damme PV. 2023. Diversity and role of woody non-timber forest products in Doba District, Eastern Ethiopia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 38-47. Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP) play a pivotal role as local sources of medicine, household paraphernalia, and fodder and offer income opportunities that can mitigate poverty. This study was conducted in Doba District, West Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia, to analyze the diversity and economic contribution of non-timber forest products. Both ethnobotanical and vegetation data were cross-sectionally collected from February 2020 up to June 2021. A total of 422 informants selected randomly from forest inhabitants were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires to explore NTFP utilization and their economic contributions. Vegetation data were collected from 56 sample plots of each 20m x 20m (400m2) along transects lines. Vegetation data collected were analyzed for the relative density of species, Shannon-Wiener index, species evenness, and relative frequency. From the household survey, 58 plant species categorized in 55 genera and 35 families were identified as NTFP-bearing species. Analysis of the socio-economic data shows that NTFP collection is a day-to-day activity of the local communities. These communities use NTFPs in different types of use categories, namely medicinal plants (32, 55.17%), melliferous species (20, 34.48%), wild food and condiment species (22, 37.93%), farm implements (7, 12.06%), wood and flavoring (6, 10.34%), source of energy (20, 35.71%), and household utensils and construction materials (30, 51.72%). The market survey analysis showed that NTFPs account for about 15.77% of the annual household income. The vegetation survey showed that Ades Forest has a good status with an average density of 1,450 plants ha-1, high Shannon-Wiener index (H =3.299), and species evenness (E = 0.81). Ades Forest harbors a diverse number of NTFP-bearing species used for several categories. The study reveals the real experiences of the local communities in utilizing NTFPs for their livelihood. Forest dependency rates tend to be higher among poor households. However, further study on production potential and market chain analysis should be done together with awareness creation activities to get a sustainable product for the community and conserve the forest resource.
摘要Abebaw AF，Damme PV。2023.埃塞俄比亚东部多巴区木质非木材森林产品的多样性和作用。Nusantara Bioscience 15:38-47。非木材林产品作为当地药品、家庭用具和饲料的来源发挥着关键作用，并提供了可以减轻贫困的收入机会。这项研究在埃塞俄比亚东部西哈拉尔吉地区的多巴区进行，以分析非木材林产品的多样性和经济贡献。从2020年2月到2021年6月，对民族植物学和植被数据进行了横断面收集。使用半结构化问卷对422名从森林居民中随机选择的信息提供者进行了访谈，以探讨非关税森林产品的利用及其经济贡献。植被数据是从沿样带线的每个20m x 20m（400m2）的56个样地中收集的。对收集的植被数据进行了物种相对密度、Shannon Wiener指数、物种均匀度和相对频率分析。根据住户调查，共有35科55属58种植物被确定为NTFP承载种。对社会经济数据的分析表明，非NTFP的收集是当地社区的日常活动。这些群落以不同的使用类别使用NTFP，即药用植物（32，55.17%）、含醇植物（20，34.48%）、野生食品和调味品（22，37.93%）、农具（7，12.06%）、木材和调味品（6，10.34%）、能源（20，35.71%），市场调查分析显示，非关税产品约占家庭年收入的15.77%。植被调查显示，Ades森林状况良好，平均密度为1450株ha-1，Shannon Wiener指数高（H=3.299），物种均匀度（E=0.81）。该研究揭示了当地社区利用NTFP谋生的真实经验。贫困家庭的森林依赖率往往较高。然而，应在开展提高认识活动的同时，进一步研究生产潜力和市场链分析，为社区提供可持续产品，保护森林资源。
{"title":"Diversity and role of woody non-timber forest products in Doba District, Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"A. Abebaw, P. V. Damme","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150105","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Abebaw AF, Damme PV. 2023. Diversity and role of woody non-timber forest products in Doba District, Eastern Ethiopia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 38-47. Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP) play a pivotal role as local sources of medicine, household paraphernalia, and fodder and offer income opportunities that can mitigate poverty. This study was conducted in Doba District, West Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia, to analyze the diversity and economic contribution of non-timber forest products. Both ethnobotanical and vegetation data were cross-sectionally collected from February 2020 up to June 2021. A total of 422 informants selected randomly from forest inhabitants were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires to explore NTFP utilization and their economic contributions. Vegetation data were collected from 56 sample plots of each 20m x 20m (400m2) along transects lines. Vegetation data collected were analyzed for the relative density of species, Shannon-Wiener index, species evenness, and relative frequency. From the household survey, 58 plant species categorized in 55 genera and 35 families were identified as NTFP-bearing species. Analysis of the socio-economic data shows that NTFP collection is a day-to-day activity of the local communities. These communities use NTFPs in different types of use categories, namely medicinal plants (32, 55.17%), melliferous species (20, 34.48%), wild food and condiment species (22, 37.93%), farm implements (7, 12.06%), wood and flavoring (6, 10.34%), source of energy (20, 35.71%), and household utensils and construction materials (30, 51.72%). The market survey analysis showed that NTFPs account for about 15.77% of the annual household income. The vegetation survey showed that Ades Forest has a good status with an average density of 1,450 plants ha-1, high Shannon-Wiener index (H =3.299), and species evenness (E = 0.81). Ades Forest harbors a diverse number of NTFP-bearing species used for several categories. The study reveals the real experiences of the local communities in utilizing NTFPs for their livelihood. Forest dependency rates tend to be higher among poor households. However, further study on production potential and market chain analysis should be done together with awareness creation activities to get a sustainable product for the community and conserve the forest resource.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45878221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150104
Gizachew Balilo, Abebe Aschalew, R. Manikandan, Arbo Feyisa
Abstract. Balilo G, Aschalew A, Manikandan R, Feyisa A. 2023. Physico-chemical, heavy metal analysis and physical composition of household solid waste, Shone Town, Ethiopia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 32-37. In Ethiopia, Shone is one of the country's fast-developing towns; inadequate solid waste management was observed. Therefore, the objective of the study was to determine the generation rate and selected physico-chemical characterization and heavy metal analysis of household solid waste. The study was conducted on randomly selected 120 households from two Kebele of the town. The physico-chemical analysis results revealed that moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity (dS/cm), nitrogen, organic carbon, (%), phosphorus and potassium content of household solid waste were 54.6, 8.25, 2.52 (dS/cm), 2.47, 10.25, 0.54, and 0.82%, respectively. In addition, in the decomposed household solid waste samples, heavy metals such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt, chromium, lead, and cadmium were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results showed the concentration of these heavy metals in the decomposed solid waste samples was in the order of iron>manganese>zinc>copper>nickel>chromium>cobalt>lead>cadmium. Daily solid waste from those households was separated into its components, and each component was measured. That was conducted for 7 consecutive days to quantify and characterize household solid waste. The result revealed that the household solid waste generation rate in the study area was 0.206 kilogram/capita/day. The physical composition of the solid waste in Shone Town is mainly organic, constituting 92.8%. The organic waste of the town has a high content of biodegradable waste such as food waste (49.56%), ash and dust (29.74%), yard waste (4.95%), textile (4.006%), old shoes and bone (2.5%), paper and cardboard (2.04%) and recyclable material such as plastic (3.28%), glass and metal (3.88%) all account for 92.8% (biodegradable) and 7.17% (non-biodegradable), respectively.
{"title":"Physico-chemical, heavy metal analysis and physical composition of household solid waste, Shone Town, Ethiopia","authors":"Gizachew Balilo, Abebe Aschalew, R. Manikandan, Arbo Feyisa","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Balilo G, Aschalew A, Manikandan R, Feyisa A. 2023. Physico-chemical, heavy metal analysis and physical composition of household solid waste, Shone Town, Ethiopia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 32-37. In Ethiopia, Shone is one of the country's fast-developing towns; inadequate solid waste management was observed. Therefore, the objective of the study was to determine the generation rate and selected physico-chemical characterization and heavy metal analysis of household solid waste. The study was conducted on randomly selected 120 households from two Kebele of the town. The physico-chemical analysis results revealed that moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity (dS/cm), nitrogen, organic carbon, (%), phosphorus and potassium content of household solid waste were 54.6, 8.25, 2.52 (dS/cm), 2.47, 10.25, 0.54, and 0.82%, respectively. In addition, in the decomposed household solid waste samples, heavy metals such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt, chromium, lead, and cadmium were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results showed the concentration of these heavy metals in the decomposed solid waste samples was in the order of iron>manganese>zinc>copper>nickel>chromium>cobalt>lead>cadmium. Daily solid waste from those households was separated into its components, and each component was measured. That was conducted for 7 consecutive days to quantify and characterize household solid waste. The result revealed that the household solid waste generation rate in the study area was 0.206 kilogram/capita/day. The physical composition of the solid waste in Shone Town is mainly organic, constituting 92.8%. The organic waste of the town has a high content of biodegradable waste such as food waste (49.56%), ash and dust (29.74%), yard waste (4.95%), textile (4.006%), old shoes and bone (2.5%), paper and cardboard (2.04%) and recyclable material such as plastic (3.28%), glass and metal (3.88%) all account for 92.8% (biodegradable) and 7.17% (non-biodegradable), respectively.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41605156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150102
Minh Phuong Nguyen, T. Trinh, T. Ngo, S. Widiarsih, V. Ho
Abstract. Nguyen MP, Trinh TH, Ngo TKA, Widiarsih S, Ho VT. 2023. In silico comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome sequences in different jewel orchid species. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 12-21. Jewel orchid is the common name of several orchid species which can be alike in morphological characteristics but variable in medicinal properties. As these plants are utilized to treat several diseases, their natural existence in the wild habitat is rapidly diminished. Therefore, a better understanding of the genetic information of this plant for better genetic conservation and development of these plants is necessary. In this study, a total of 18 published chloroplast genomes of 18 jewel orchid species determined by the next-generation sequencing method were retrieved from NCBI GenBank and targeted for genomic characterization and phylogenetic analyses. Different bioinformatics tools were utilized to characterize these genomes’ genomic structure, repetitive sequences, interspecific variation, divergence, and phylogenetic relationships. The obtained data revealed that the chloroplast genomes of different jewel orchid species varied in length between 151,414 (Anoectochilus formosanus MN880624.1) and 154,375 (Goodyera biflora OM314910.1). Each species contains 34-87 SSR loci which could be useful as molecular markers for further genetic diversity study of this plant. Structural variations in the expansion and contraction of inverted repeat regions were also considered. Phylogenetic analysis identified a close relationship among species belonging to the Goodyera genus, and this genus is distinctive from other genera such as Anoectochilus, Cystorchis, Dossinia, Ludisia, and Macodes. The obtained results show a high potential of deeper characterizing the chloroplast genome of jewel orchids for species classification, identification, molecular breeding, and evolutionary exploration of these important herbal plants.
{"title":"In silico comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome sequences in different jewel orchid species","authors":"Minh Phuong Nguyen, T. Trinh, T. Ngo, S. Widiarsih, V. Ho","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150102","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Nguyen MP, Trinh TH, Ngo TKA, Widiarsih S, Ho VT. 2023. In silico comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome sequences in different jewel orchid species. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 12-21. Jewel orchid is the common name of several orchid species which can be alike in morphological characteristics but variable in medicinal properties. As these plants are utilized to treat several diseases, their natural existence in the wild habitat is rapidly diminished. Therefore, a better understanding of the genetic information of this plant for better genetic conservation and development of these plants is necessary. In this study, a total of 18 published chloroplast genomes of 18 jewel orchid species determined by the next-generation sequencing method were retrieved from NCBI GenBank and targeted for genomic characterization and phylogenetic analyses. Different bioinformatics tools were utilized to characterize these genomes’ genomic structure, repetitive sequences, interspecific variation, divergence, and phylogenetic relationships. The obtained data revealed that the chloroplast genomes of different jewel orchid species varied in length between 151,414 (Anoectochilus formosanus MN880624.1) and 154,375 (Goodyera biflora OM314910.1). Each species contains 34-87 SSR loci which could be useful as molecular markers for further genetic diversity study of this plant. Structural variations in the expansion and contraction of inverted repeat regions were also considered. Phylogenetic analysis identified a close relationship among species belonging to the Goodyera genus, and this genus is distinctive from other genera such as Anoectochilus, Cystorchis, Dossinia, Ludisia, and Macodes. The obtained results show a high potential of deeper characterizing the chloroplast genome of jewel orchids for species classification, identification, molecular breeding, and evolutionary exploration of these important herbal plants.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44964542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150101
M. Günay, T. Genç
Abstract. Gunay M, Genc TT. 2023. Molecular identification of yeasts from Turkish traditional cheeses: Extracellular enzyme activities and physiological properties important for dairy industry. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 1-11. The determination of yeast microbiota in cheeses and the physiological properties of yeasts are very important for the dairy industry. In addition, the physiological features, proteolytic and lipolytic activities, and stress tolerance of yeasts have a significant role in the selection of starter yeast species for cheese ripening. This study aimed to determine industrially important yeasts isolated from cheese samples. Molecular techniques identified the isolated yeast strains. The yeast strains’ extracellular enzyme activities, fermentation capacities, and thermotolerance and osmotolerance properties were also evaluated. A total of 81 yeast strains were isolated and characterized from three types of cheese samples. PCR-RFLP determined the isolated yeast strains and sequence analysis of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 26S rDNA regions. A maximum parsimony tree was constructed by MEGA X software to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship of identified yeast strains. Candida intermedia, Candida parapsilosis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Debaryomyces hansenii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Pichia kudriavzevii, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus yeast species were identified on cheese samples. The distribution of identified yeast species on cheese samples was determined as 48.1% for W. anomalus, 17.3% for K. marxianus, 14.8% for C. parapsilosis, 8.6% for D. hansenii, 4.9% for Cl. lusitaniae, 3.7% for C. intermedia and 2.5% for P. kudriavzevii. The W. anomalus yeast species was common in three cheese types. All strains of W. anomalus and P. kudriavzevii yeast species, three C. parapsilosis, and two Cl. lusitaniae yeast strains have important physiological properties for industrial applications. These yeast strains have the potential to be used in combination as starter cultures to improve cheese maturation in the future. This comprehensive study identifies yeast species by ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 26S rDNA regions and determines industrially important yeast species using multiple criteria (extracellular enzyme activity, stress tolerance, and fermentation capacity).
{"title":"Molecular identification of yeasts from Turkish traditional cheeses: Extracellular enzyme activities and physiological properties important for dairy industry","authors":"M. Günay, T. Genç","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150101","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Gunay M, Genc TT. 2023. Molecular identification of yeasts from Turkish traditional cheeses: Extracellular enzyme activities and physiological properties important for dairy industry. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 1-11. The determination of yeast microbiota in cheeses and the physiological properties of yeasts are very important for the dairy industry. In addition, the physiological features, proteolytic and lipolytic activities, and stress tolerance of yeasts have a significant role in the selection of starter yeast species for cheese ripening. This study aimed to determine industrially important yeasts isolated from cheese samples. Molecular techniques identified the isolated yeast strains. The yeast strains’ extracellular enzyme activities, fermentation capacities, and thermotolerance and osmotolerance properties were also evaluated. A total of 81 yeast strains were isolated and characterized from three types of cheese samples. PCR-RFLP determined the isolated yeast strains and sequence analysis of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 26S rDNA regions. A maximum parsimony tree was constructed by MEGA X software to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship of identified yeast strains. Candida intermedia, Candida parapsilosis, Clavispora lusitaniae, Debaryomyces hansenii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Pichia kudriavzevii, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus yeast species were identified on cheese samples. The distribution of identified yeast species on cheese samples was determined as 48.1% for W. anomalus, 17.3% for K. marxianus, 14.8% for C. parapsilosis, 8.6% for D. hansenii, 4.9% for Cl. lusitaniae, 3.7% for C. intermedia and 2.5% for P. kudriavzevii. The W. anomalus yeast species was common in three cheese types. All strains of W. anomalus and P. kudriavzevii yeast species, three C. parapsilosis, and two Cl. lusitaniae yeast strains have important physiological properties for industrial applications. These yeast strains have the potential to be used in combination as starter cultures to improve cheese maturation in the future. This comprehensive study identifies yeast species by ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 26S rDNA regions and determines industrially important yeast species using multiple criteria (extracellular enzyme activity, stress tolerance, and fermentation capacity).","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49049957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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