Pub Date : 2023-09-16DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150206
N. Hop, Chen Chang Xiong, N. Quy, Nguyễn Thị Lương
Abstract. Hop NV, Xiong CC, Quy NV, Luong NT. 2023. Habitat characteristics, population structure, distribution, and regeneration status of Taxus wallichiana in South Vietnam. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 179-188. Taxus wallichiana Zucc. is an endangered plant species with high economic value, making it threatened to extinction. Biological information about this species is therefore essential for its conservation. This study is aimed to assess the habitat characteristics, population structure, distribution, and regeneration status of T. wallichiana in South Vietnam. Vegetation surveys were conducted from 2016 to 2021 in three regions in Lam Dong Province. The study revealed that it was distributed in regions with monsoon climate with a total extent of ??379.57 ha, with habitats located on the hillside, narrow shelves, dissected terrain, high slope, on feralite soil with light brown to yellow, red, the soil layer thickness over 0.3 m and in clusters or streaks. The study recorded 634 trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH)?25 cm and 137 trees with 6 cm ?DBH<25 cm. The trees were found primarily at 1401-1500 m above sea level in a mixed broadleaved-coniferous forest. The growth indicators of DBH and overall height (Hvn) developed strongly, but the stand volume was low owing to low tree density. The exponential function was the most suitable for simulating the relationship between Hvn and DBH. Seven thousand six hundred and seventy-three regenerating young individuals were recorded with low density. The density of the regenerating trees decreased as the tree height increased. The finding of this study suggests that T. wallichiana faces the danger of extinction, so solutions are required to conserve and develop this threatened species.
{"title":"Habitat characteristics, population structure, distribution, and regeneration status of Taxus wallichiana in South Vietnam","authors":"N. Hop, Chen Chang Xiong, N. Quy, Nguyễn Thị Lương","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Hop NV, Xiong CC, Quy NV, Luong NT. 2023. Habitat characteristics, population structure, distribution, and regeneration status of Taxus wallichiana in South Vietnam. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 179-188. Taxus wallichiana Zucc. is an endangered plant species with high economic value, making it threatened to extinction. Biological information about this species is therefore essential for its conservation. This study is aimed to assess the habitat characteristics, population structure, distribution, and regeneration status of T. wallichiana in South Vietnam. Vegetation surveys were conducted from 2016 to 2021 in three regions in Lam Dong Province. The study revealed that it was distributed in regions with monsoon climate with a total extent of ??379.57 ha, with habitats located on the hillside, narrow shelves, dissected terrain, high slope, on feralite soil with light brown to yellow, red, the soil layer thickness over 0.3 m and in clusters or streaks. The study recorded 634 trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH)?25 cm and 137 trees with 6 cm ?DBH<25 cm. The trees were found primarily at 1401-1500 m above sea level in a mixed broadleaved-coniferous forest. The growth indicators of DBH and overall height (Hvn) developed strongly, but the stand volume was low owing to low tree density. The exponential function was the most suitable for simulating the relationship between Hvn and DBH. Seven thousand six hundred and seventy-three regenerating young individuals were recorded with low density. The density of the regenerating trees decreased as the tree height increased. The finding of this study suggests that T. wallichiana faces the danger of extinction, so solutions are required to conserve and develop this threatened species.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139339479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150205
Abdulrahman Mahmoud Dogara
Abstract. Dogara AM. 2023. Chemical composition of Corymbia citriodora. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 172-178. Aromatic plants, particularly those in the Myrtaceae family, are widely used both traditionally and commercially to lengthen food's shelf life and safety. The current investigation was prompted by a lack of information on the composition of the plant's oil, which has traditionally been used to treat and manage cancer, malaria, typhoid fever, and various other ailments. The study thoroughly examines the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson. Hydro distillation was used to extract essential oil from the leaves, which were then analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify the functional group in the essential oil. According to the findings, monoterpene compounds make up (0.8137%), sesquiterpenoids (0.6568%) and other compounds (95.7207% of the total). The most abundant substance was 1-Octadecene (7.83%), followed by Oleic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, (E)-, (6.16%), Octadecanal, Disparlure, and 1-Octadecene (all of which were at or below 4%), and all other substances. The C. citriodora essential oil yielded 11 spectra. The extracts had sharp peaks at 900 cm-1 (phenyl), 1400 (mono-, oligo-, and carbohydrates), and 2900 (lipid methoxy compounds of CH3 and CH2, which have distinctive C-H stretching vibrations). OH groups from water, alcohols, phenols, polysaccharides, and peroxides are fingerprinted at 3400 cm-1. The study concludes that oleic acid-rich oil from C. citriodora leaves could be used as an economical source of oleic acid; the study lays the groundwork for future research on the plant in this issue.
{"title":"Chemical composition of Corymbia citriodora","authors":"Abdulrahman Mahmoud Dogara","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150205","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Dogara AM. 2023. Chemical composition of Corymbia citriodora. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 172-178. Aromatic plants, particularly those in the Myrtaceae family, are widely used both traditionally and commercially to lengthen food's shelf life and safety. The current investigation was prompted by a lack of information on the composition of the plant's oil, which has traditionally been used to treat and manage cancer, malaria, typhoid fever, and various other ailments. The study thoroughly examines the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson. Hydro distillation was used to extract essential oil from the leaves, which were then analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify the functional group in the essential oil. According to the findings, monoterpene compounds make up (0.8137%), sesquiterpenoids (0.6568%) and other compounds (95.7207% of the total). The most abundant substance was 1-Octadecene (7.83%), followed by Oleic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, (E)-, (6.16%), Octadecanal, Disparlure, and 1-Octadecene (all of which were at or below 4%), and all other substances. The C. citriodora essential oil yielded 11 spectra. The extracts had sharp peaks at 900 cm-1 (phenyl), 1400 (mono-, oligo-, and carbohydrates), and 2900 (lipid methoxy compounds of CH3 and CH2, which have distinctive C-H stretching vibrations). OH groups from water, alcohols, phenols, polysaccharides, and peroxides are fingerprinted at 3400 cm-1. The study concludes that oleic acid-rich oil from C. citriodora leaves could be used as an economical source of oleic acid; the study lays the groundwork for future research on the plant in this issue.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139354148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150204
Mustafa Karaköse, S. Terzioğlu
Abstract. Karaköse M, Terzioglu S. 2023. Classification of forest vegetation in Yaraligöz Education and Observation Forest, Kastamonu, Türkiye. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 161-171. Forest ecosystems, which contain approximately half of the 12,975 plant taxa known to be distributed in Türkiye, are very important in terms of biological diversity. The fact that forests are seen as wood-producing ecosystems and have been planned for these purposes for many years has resulted in forests being kept away from being evaluated in terms of ecosystem and socio-economic aspects. Today, forest management plans have begun to be prepared in which all components of the forest are considered, and biological diversity is reflected. Based on this understanding, this investigation was performed during 2011-2012 to analyze the forest vegetation of Yaraligöz Education and Observation Forest. The study area is located in the north-western part of Türkiye within the Euro-Siberian phytogeographic region. Phytosociological studies were carried out using the classical Braun-Blanquet approach, and 51 relevés were collected from the research area. The database contains 184 vascular plant taxa, dominated by the Euro-Siberian elements and Hemicryptophytes. The relevés were classified using the Modified TWINSPAN, and the forest vegetation types' distribution was analyzed using non-metric multi-dimensional scaling. A comprehensive comparison among all described syntaxa within the study area and other closely related forests was provided. Topographic factors and mean Ellenberg indicator values were evaluated to interpret the ecological relationships among forest plant associations. Four associations, two (Daphno pontica-Pinetum hamatae and Galio rotundifolii-Abietum equi-trojani) of which are new syntaxa to science, were defined as belonging to the Euxine Province within Erico-Pinetea, Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae, Quercetea pubescentis, and Vaccinio-Piceetea. The distribution of these four forest associations was mostly affected by light intensity, nutrients, moisture content, and altitude. The results of this vegetation study provided precious knowledge for monitoring vegetation change and nature conservation projects in the Yaraligöz.
{"title":"Classification of forest vegetation in Yaraligöz Education and Observation Forest, Kastamonu, Türkiye","authors":"Mustafa Karaköse, S. Terzioğlu","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150204","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Karaköse M, Terzioglu S. 2023. Classification of forest vegetation in Yaraligöz Education and Observation Forest, Kastamonu, Türkiye. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 161-171. Forest ecosystems, which contain approximately half of the 12,975 plant taxa known to be distributed in Türkiye, are very important in terms of biological diversity. The fact that forests are seen as wood-producing ecosystems and have been planned for these purposes for many years has resulted in forests being kept away from being evaluated in terms of ecosystem and socio-economic aspects. Today, forest management plans have begun to be prepared in which all components of the forest are considered, and biological diversity is reflected. Based on this understanding, this investigation was performed during 2011-2012 to analyze the forest vegetation of Yaraligöz Education and Observation Forest. The study area is located in the north-western part of Türkiye within the Euro-Siberian phytogeographic region. Phytosociological studies were carried out using the classical Braun-Blanquet approach, and 51 relevés were collected from the research area. The database contains 184 vascular plant taxa, dominated by the Euro-Siberian elements and Hemicryptophytes. The relevés were classified using the Modified TWINSPAN, and the forest vegetation types' distribution was analyzed using non-metric multi-dimensional scaling. A comprehensive comparison among all described syntaxa within the study area and other closely related forests was provided. Topographic factors and mean Ellenberg indicator values were evaluated to interpret the ecological relationships among forest plant associations. Four associations, two (Daphno pontica-Pinetum hamatae and Galio rotundifolii-Abietum equi-trojani) of which are new syntaxa to science, were defined as belonging to the Euxine Province within Erico-Pinetea, Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae, Quercetea pubescentis, and Vaccinio-Piceetea. The distribution of these four forest associations was mostly affected by light intensity, nutrients, moisture content, and altitude. The results of this vegetation study provided precious knowledge for monitoring vegetation change and nature conservation projects in the Yaraligöz.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139354142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Sahu MK, Yeeravalli R, Das A, Jha H. 2023. Secondary metabolites of rhizospheric fungal isolate Aspergillus carneus ABRF4 regulate the antibacterial and anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 137-142. The medicinal capabilities of plants are influenced by soil chemistry, genotype, and climate. Many biotic and abiotic factors affect soil composition. Microorganisms constituting the soil microflora indicate a mutualistic relationship with plant rhizospheric region, and they play an important role in plant secondary metabolite production, yield, and efficacy. They are the major resources for structurally unique bioactive natural metabolites. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bioactivity of the secondary metabolite extracted from the rhizospheric fungal isolate Aspergillus carneus ABRF4) isolated from the Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve, Chhattisgarh, India. The fungal secondary metabolites were extracted using several solvents by soxhlet extraction techniques. The crude and partially purified column fractions of A. carneus ABRF4 were characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrum, and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Results showed that the acetonitrile fraction had an antimicrobial activity with the variable zone of inhibition against human pathogens such as Bacillus circulans (MTCC-7906), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 441), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-96), and Ralstonia eutropha (MTCC-2487). The crude extracts and the identified secondary metabolite, trans- 1,3-dimethyl-Cyclohexane, possess different anti-proliferative activity against human tissue-specific cancer cell lines, including breast cancer (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MCF-7), liver cancer (HepG2), lung cancer (A-549), and prostate cancer (DU-145) suggesting a potential therapeutic application of the isolated rhizospheric fungi.
摘要：Sahu MK, Yeeravalli R, Das A, Jha H. 2023.Sahu MK, Yeeravalli R, Das A, Jha H. 2023.根瘤真菌分离物Aspergillus carneus ABRF4的次级代谢产物调节对癌细胞的抗菌和抗增殖活性。Nusantara Bioscience 15: 137-142.植物的药用能力受土壤化学、基因型和气候的影响。许多生物和非生物因素都会影响土壤成分。构成土壤微生物区系的微生物与植物根瘤菌区系之间是一种互利关系，它们在植物次生代谢产物的生产、产量和药效方面发挥着重要作用。它们是结构独特的生物活性天然代谢物的主要资源。本研究旨在评估从印度恰蒂斯加尔邦 Achanakmar 生物圈保护区分离的根瘤真菌 ABRF4）中提取的次生代谢物的生物活性。真菌次生代谢物通过索氏提取技术使用多种溶剂进行提取。通过气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）、傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和薄层色谱（TLC）对 A. carneus ABRF4 的粗提物和部分纯化柱馏分进行了表征。结果表明，乙腈馏分具有抗菌活性，对人类病原体（如环状芽孢杆菌（MTCC-7906）、枯草芽孢杆菌（MTCC 441）、金黄色葡萄球菌（MTCC-96）和赤霉菌（MTCC-2487））有不同的抑制区。粗提取物和鉴定出的次级代谢产物反式-1,3-二甲基环己烷对人体组织特异性癌细胞株具有不同的抗增殖活性，包括乳腺癌（MDA-MB-231、MDA-MB-468 和 MCF-7）、肝癌（HepG2）、肺癌（A-549）和前列腺癌（DU-145），这表明分离出的根瘤真菌具有潜在的治疗用途。
{"title":"Secondary metabolites of rhizospheric fungal isolate Aspergillus carneus ABRF4 regulate the antibacterial and anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells","authors":"Mahendra Kumar Sahu, Ragini Yeeravalli, Amitava Das, Harit Jha","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150201","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Sahu MK, Yeeravalli R, Das A, Jha H. 2023. Secondary metabolites of rhizospheric fungal isolate Aspergillus carneus ABRF4 regulate the antibacterial and anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 137-142. The medicinal capabilities of plants are influenced by soil chemistry, genotype, and climate. Many biotic and abiotic factors affect soil composition. Microorganisms constituting the soil microflora indicate a mutualistic relationship with plant rhizospheric region, and they play an important role in plant secondary metabolite production, yield, and efficacy. They are the major resources for structurally unique bioactive natural metabolites. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bioactivity of the secondary metabolite extracted from the rhizospheric fungal isolate Aspergillus carneus ABRF4) isolated from the Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve, Chhattisgarh, India. The fungal secondary metabolites were extracted using several solvents by soxhlet extraction techniques. The crude and partially purified column fractions of A. carneus ABRF4 were characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrum, and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Results showed that the acetonitrile fraction had an antimicrobial activity with the variable zone of inhibition against human pathogens such as Bacillus circulans (MTCC-7906), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 441), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-96), and Ralstonia eutropha (MTCC-2487). The crude extracts and the identified secondary metabolite, trans- 1,3-dimethyl-Cyclohexane, possess different anti-proliferative activity against human tissue-specific cancer cell lines, including breast cancer (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MCF-7), liver cancer (HepG2), lung cancer (A-549), and prostate cancer (DU-145) suggesting a potential therapeutic application of the isolated rhizospheric fungi.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139369398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150203
O. Babatunde, A. Ogundare, T. Adebolu
Abstract. Babatunde OJ, Ogundare AO, Adebolu TT. 2023. Antibacterial activities of Polyalthia longifolia leaf extracts on multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from hospital fomites in Akure, Nigeria. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 149-160. Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.), an ornamental plant, is said to be therapeutic while searching for new medications to treat infections caused by multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (MAR). This plant's leaves were investigated for prospective antibacterial activity against MAR isolated from fomites in selected hospitals in Akure and their pharmacological properties. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate and identify bacteria from fomites. Disc diffusion was performed to test their sensitivity to conventional antibiotics and P. longifolia leaf extracts made with ethanol and water. Ciprotab® was used as the control during the antibacterial assay. Therefore, GC-MS analysis was carried out using standard methods to identify the chemicals in the plant leaf extracts. Staphylococcus aureus (29.17%), Streptococcus pyogenes (20.83%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.28%), Escherichia coli (14.28%), Salmonella typhi (12.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.33%) were the bacterial species isolated from the fomites sampled in this study. Crude ethanol leaf extract of P. longifolia (100mg/mL) inhibited the growth of these organisms with the greatest effect on P. aeruginosa with a value of 23.83±0.44 mm, which is superior to that medicated by the control antibiotic (ciprofloxacin). The GC-MS analysis of the purified leaf extracts of P. longifolia revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as n-hexadecanoic acid and phytol, among others. The study revealed that the leaf extracts of P. longifolia can inhibit the growth of the isolated MAR from fomites with an added cidal effect, and the inhibition increase with the increase in concentration and exposure time.
{"title":"Antibacterial activities of Polyalthia longifolia leaf extracts on multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from hospital fomites in Akure, Nigeria","authors":"O. Babatunde, A. Ogundare, T. Adebolu","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150203","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Babatunde OJ, Ogundare AO, Adebolu TT. 2023. Antibacterial activities of Polyalthia longifolia leaf extracts on multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from hospital fomites in Akure, Nigeria. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 149-160. Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.), an ornamental plant, is said to be therapeutic while searching for new medications to treat infections caused by multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (MAR). This plant's leaves were investigated for prospective antibacterial activity against MAR isolated from fomites in selected hospitals in Akure and their pharmacological properties. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate and identify bacteria from fomites. Disc diffusion was performed to test their sensitivity to conventional antibiotics and P. longifolia leaf extracts made with ethanol and water. Ciprotab® was used as the control during the antibacterial assay. Therefore, GC-MS analysis was carried out using standard methods to identify the chemicals in the plant leaf extracts. Staphylococcus aureus (29.17%), Streptococcus pyogenes (20.83%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.28%), Escherichia coli (14.28%), Salmonella typhi (12.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.33%) were the bacterial species isolated from the fomites sampled in this study. Crude ethanol leaf extract of P. longifolia (100mg/mL) inhibited the growth of these organisms with the greatest effect on P. aeruginosa with a value of 23.83±0.44 mm, which is superior to that medicated by the control antibiotic (ciprofloxacin). The GC-MS analysis of the purified leaf extracts of P. longifolia revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as n-hexadecanoic acid and phytol, among others. The study revealed that the leaf extracts of P. longifolia can inhibit the growth of the isolated MAR from fomites with an added cidal effect, and the inhibition increase with the increase in concentration and exposure time.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139369380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Millah N, Leksono AS, Yanuwiadi B. 2023. Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidae) diversity and structure community in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 118-128. Lumajang is one of the district in East Java, Indonesia with an area of around 1,790.90 km2 with various ecosystems. Unfortunately, several ecosystems in Lumajang have been degraded, affecting biodiversity, especially butterflies. The aim of this study was to analyze the structure of butterfly communities in Lumajang and analyze the species as bioindicators. The study was conducted in 5 habitats: Village, Agriculture, City Park, Community Forest, and Conservation Forest. The butterfly sampling method in this study was an Active Visual Survey using the Transect Pollard Walk; environmental factors were also measured during the study (temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind velocity, and altitude). The butterfly diversity and the measurement of environmental factors were analyzed for correlation using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of the study consisted of 124 species. Several were endemic species (Cyrestis lutea (Zincken, 1831), Ypthima nigricans (Snellen, 1892), Parantica albata (Zincken, 1831), Mycalesis sudra (Felder, 1867), and Pachliopta adamas (Zincken, 1831)), then protected species (Troides helena (Linnaeus, 1758), Troides cuneifera (Oberthür, 1879), and Troides amphrysus (Cramer, 1779)). The Shannon-Wienner diversity index values from highest to lowest are Community Forest (3.52), Conservation Forest (3.32), City Park (2.98), Village (2.79), and Agriculture (2.29). The results can be used as basic data and are expected to support butterfly conservation strategies in Indonesia, especially in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia.
{"title":"Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidae) diversity and structure community in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia","authors":"Najmatul Millah, Amin Setyo Leksono, Bagio Yanuwiadi","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150115","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Millah N, Leksono AS, Yanuwiadi B. 2023. Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidae) diversity and structure community in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 118-128. Lumajang is one of the district in East Java, Indonesia with an area of around 1,790.90 km2 with various ecosystems. Unfortunately, several ecosystems in Lumajang have been degraded, affecting biodiversity, especially butterflies. The aim of this study was to analyze the structure of butterfly communities in Lumajang and analyze the species as bioindicators. The study was conducted in 5 habitats: Village, Agriculture, City Park, Community Forest, and Conservation Forest. The butterfly sampling method in this study was an Active Visual Survey using the Transect Pollard Walk; environmental factors were also measured during the study (temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind velocity, and altitude). The butterfly diversity and the measurement of environmental factors were analyzed for correlation using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of the study consisted of 124 species. Several were endemic species (Cyrestis lutea (Zincken, 1831), Ypthima nigricans (Snellen, 1892), Parantica albata (Zincken, 1831), Mycalesis sudra (Felder, 1867), and Pachliopta adamas (Zincken, 1831)), then protected species (Troides helena (Linnaeus, 1758), Troides cuneifera (Oberthür, 1879), and Troides amphrysus (Cramer, 1779)). The Shannon-Wienner diversity index values from highest to lowest are Community Forest (3.52), Conservation Forest (3.32), City Park (2.98), Village (2.79), and Agriculture (2.29). The results can be used as basic data and are expected to support butterfly conservation strategies in Indonesia, especially in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48985935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150116
Mutala’liah Mutala’liah, Abdul Manan, Lafi NA’IMATUL Bayyinah
Abstract. Mutala’liah, Manan A, Bayyinah LN. 2023. Abundance and diversity of terrestrial free-living nematodes in potato agroecosystem. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 129-136. The presence of terrestrial free-living nematodes in agroecosystems is frequently overlooked. However, these microorganisms in agroecosystems soil are beneficial for supporting plant growth. These microorganisms could recycle the nitrogen in soil, decomposition and mineralization of organic matter, and suppress the densities of plant parasitic nematodes through their life strategy. Terrestrial free-living nematodes are classified according to trophic groups such as bacterivores, fungivores, predators, and omnivores. Reports on the abundance and diversity of terrestrial free-living nematode populations in agroecosystems, especially on potato plantations, were limited. They usually focused on the plant parasitic nematode’s attack on potatoes. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the diversity and abundance of terrestrial free-living nematodes in potato agroecosystems. The current study was conducted in two potato fields in Pratin Village, Serang, Purbalingga, Central Java, Indonesia. Soil samples were collected from two potato fields planted with different varieties (Granola and Atlantik) and extracted using the Whitehead-tray method. The variables observed were the diversity of genera and the abundance of terrestrial free-living nematode populations from each field. Population density data were analyzed by T-test, and diversity (H'), evenness (E), and dominance index (D) were also calculated. The results showed that the mean population densities of terrestrial free-living nematodes in the two fields were significantly higher at 918.40 individuals/ 100 g of soil in the Atlantik field than in the Granola field 76.53 individuals/ 100 g of soil. However, the diversity, evenness, and dominance index were not significantly different in both fields. Genera of nematode found in the Granola field were Diplogaster, Dorylaimus, Trypilla, and Lotonchus, while in the Atlantik field were Rhabditis and Dorylaimus.
{"title":"Abundance and diversity of terrestrial free-living nematodes in potato agroecosystem","authors":"Mutala’liah Mutala’liah, Abdul Manan, Lafi NA’IMATUL Bayyinah","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Mutala’liah, Manan A, Bayyinah LN. 2023. Abundance and diversity of terrestrial free-living nematodes in potato agroecosystem. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 129-136. The presence of terrestrial free-living nematodes in agroecosystems is frequently overlooked. However, these microorganisms in agroecosystems soil are beneficial for supporting plant growth. These microorganisms could recycle the nitrogen in soil, decomposition and mineralization of organic matter, and suppress the densities of plant parasitic nematodes through their life strategy. Terrestrial free-living nematodes are classified according to trophic groups such as bacterivores, fungivores, predators, and omnivores. Reports on the abundance and diversity of terrestrial free-living nematode populations in agroecosystems, especially on potato plantations, were limited. They usually focused on the plant parasitic nematode’s attack on potatoes. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the diversity and abundance of terrestrial free-living nematodes in potato agroecosystems. The current study was conducted in two potato fields in Pratin Village, Serang, Purbalingga, Central Java, Indonesia. Soil samples were collected from two potato fields planted with different varieties (Granola and Atlantik) and extracted using the Whitehead-tray method. The variables observed were the diversity of genera and the abundance of terrestrial free-living nematode populations from each field. Population density data were analyzed by T-test, and diversity (H'), evenness (E), and dominance index (D) were also calculated. The results showed that the mean population densities of terrestrial free-living nematodes in the two fields were significantly higher at 918.40 individuals/ 100 g of soil in the Atlantik field than in the Granola field 76.53 individuals/ 100 g of soil. However, the diversity, evenness, and dominance index were not significantly different in both fields. Genera of nematode found in the Granola field were Diplogaster, Dorylaimus, Trypilla, and Lotonchus, while in the Atlantik field were Rhabditis and Dorylaimus.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41707049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-20DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150113
Gisela Harsiwi Nugrahesthi, Gratiana Ekaningsih Wijayanti, A. N. Habibah
Abstract. Nugrahesthi GH, Wijayanti GE, Habibah AN. 2023. Embryo and larvae development of Nilem Fish, Osteochilus vittatus reared in batik liquid waste. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 105-112. The embryonic and larval stages are critical phases of an organism's development. For aquatic organisms, development is affected by environmental factors such as liquid waste. A batik liquid waste is a waste product of the textile industry usually streamed directly into the aquatic environment. This study aimed to observe the effects of exposure to batik liquid waste effects on developing Nilem (Osteochilus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) fish embryos and larvae. The research was conducted using a completely randomized design. One hundred two-celled embryos were kept in batik liquid waste with dilution concentrations of 0% (the control), 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of water until the age of 4 days after hatching with five replications. The time of embryo evaluation was 60th minutes, 120th minutes, and 180th minutes after fertilization; the larval stage evaluation time was the 24th, 48th, 72nd, and 96th hour after fertilization; five embryos were evaluated for each replication. The results showed that embryo exposure to batik liquid waste affected the height of the blastoderm embryo, accumulation of waste in the chorion of the embryo, deceleration of embryonic development, increased larval abnormalities, decreased the survival rate of larvae, and acceleration of yolk absorption of fish larvae. Embryos were successfully hatched and produced larvae only in the control and 5% batik liquid waste medium. Batik liquid waste interfered with O. vittatus embryo development and generated mortality above 5%.
{"title":"Embryo and larvae development of Nilem Fish, Osteochilus vittatus reared in batik liquid waste","authors":"Gisela Harsiwi Nugrahesthi, Gratiana Ekaningsih Wijayanti, A. N. Habibah","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150113","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Nugrahesthi GH, Wijayanti GE, Habibah AN. 2023. Embryo and larvae development of Nilem Fish, Osteochilus vittatus reared in batik liquid waste. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 105-112. The embryonic and larval stages are critical phases of an organism's development. For aquatic organisms, development is affected by environmental factors such as liquid waste. A batik liquid waste is a waste product of the textile industry usually streamed directly into the aquatic environment. This study aimed to observe the effects of exposure to batik liquid waste effects on developing Nilem (Osteochilus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) fish embryos and larvae. The research was conducted using a completely randomized design. One hundred two-celled embryos were kept in batik liquid waste with dilution concentrations of 0% (the control), 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of water until the age of 4 days after hatching with five replications. The time of embryo evaluation was 60th minutes, 120th minutes, and 180th minutes after fertilization; the larval stage evaluation time was the 24th, 48th, 72nd, and 96th hour after fertilization; five embryos were evaluated for each replication. The results showed that embryo exposure to batik liquid waste affected the height of the blastoderm embryo, accumulation of waste in the chorion of the embryo, deceleration of embryonic development, increased larval abnormalities, decreased the survival rate of larvae, and acceleration of yolk absorption of fish larvae. Embryos were successfully hatched and produced larvae only in the control and 5% batik liquid waste medium. Batik liquid waste interfered with O. vittatus embryo development and generated mortality above 5%.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47876293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-20DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150114
Michael Sunday Abu, RukaiyatLawal Mashi, Jamila Yahaya Lawal, Oyebisi Sunday Samuel
Abstract. Abu MS, Mashi RL, Lawal JY, Samuel OS. 2023. Anti-nephrotoxic activity of aqueous extract of polyherbal mixture against renal toxicity induced by paracetamol in Wistar albino rats. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 112-117. Medicinal plant materials as sources of therapeutic compounds continue to play an important role in maintaining human health for ages. This study investigated the effect of polyherbal extract (Carica papaya L., Allium sativum L., Curcuma longa L., and Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) on urea, creatinine, sodium ion, potassium ion, and chloride ion concentrations, and body weight of Wistar rats intoxicated with paracetamol. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly distributed into six groups, with five in each group. Group 1 is the normal control group; Group 2 is the negative control group (paracetamol-induced but untreated); Group 3 received 140 mgkg-1 of silymarin; Groups 4, 5, and 6 received 100, 300, and 500 mgkg-1 body of the aqueous polyherbal extract respectively for seven days. Therefore, the blood samples were collected and evaluated for creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, and chloride ions concentrations to measure kidney function. The results revealed that the aqueous extract of the polyherbal mixture significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated the kidney function test parameters that were analyzed by lowering their concentrations previously elevated by the paracetamol intoxication comparable with the normal control rats. Therefore, it can be concluded that the polyherbal mixture extract expressed an anti-nephrotoxic effect against renal toxicity induced by paracetamol in Wistar albino rats.
{"title":"Anti-nephrotoxic activity of aqueous extract of polyherbal mixture against renal toxicity induced by paracetamol in Wistar albino rats","authors":"Michael Sunday Abu, RukaiyatLawal Mashi, Jamila Yahaya Lawal, Oyebisi Sunday Samuel","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150114","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Abu MS, Mashi RL, Lawal JY, Samuel OS. 2023. Anti-nephrotoxic activity of aqueous extract of polyherbal mixture against renal toxicity induced by paracetamol in Wistar albino rats. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 112-117. Medicinal plant materials as sources of therapeutic compounds continue to play an important role in maintaining human health for ages. This study investigated the effect of polyherbal extract (Carica papaya L., Allium sativum L., Curcuma longa L., and Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) on urea, creatinine, sodium ion, potassium ion, and chloride ion concentrations, and body weight of Wistar rats intoxicated with paracetamol. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly distributed into six groups, with five in each group. Group 1 is the normal control group; Group 2 is the negative control group (paracetamol-induced but untreated); Group 3 received 140 mgkg-1 of silymarin; Groups 4, 5, and 6 received 100, 300, and 500 mgkg-1 body of the aqueous polyherbal extract respectively for seven days. Therefore, the blood samples were collected and evaluated for creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, and chloride ions concentrations to measure kidney function. The results revealed that the aqueous extract of the polyherbal mixture significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated the kidney function test parameters that were analyzed by lowering their concentrations previously elevated by the paracetamol intoxication comparable with the normal control rats. Therefore, it can be concluded that the polyherbal mixture extract expressed an anti-nephrotoxic effect against renal toxicity induced by paracetamol in Wistar albino rats.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41536866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150112
Nguyễn Thị Lương, N. Hop, N. Quy, VO Minh Hoan
Abstract. Luong NT, Hop NV, Quy NV, Hoan VM. 2023. Diversity of plant species for food coloring in Vietnam. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 95-104. Using natural colors of plants for food processing is an inevitable trend for the safety of consumers' health. It also provides essential vitamins, minerals, and nutrients to the body. This study aimed to systematize indigenous knowledge about food coloring plants of 11 ethnic groups in North, Central, and South Vietnam. Methods of ethnobotanical investigation, field investigation under the instruction of local people, and inheritance of documents combined with data analysis were employed. Therefore, 110 species of vascular plants belonging to 54 families of food coloring were discovered in Vietnam. As a result, 28 species were used with high frequency, and 15 species were identified as conservation values domestically and globally. Besides, the richness of folk knowledge of local people was also recorded. Five plant life forms were identified, i.e., shrubs, wood, vines, herbaceous, and bamboo. Eleven plant parts were used; leaves accounted for the largest proportion (36.36%), followed by fruit, wood, flowers, bark, seeds, tubers, rhizomes, young tops, sap, and roots. Ten different colors were created from plants for food dyeing; red accounted for the highest percentage (28.18%), followed by yellow, green, black, and gray was the lowest (0.91%). Most plants can produce monochromatic colors (94/110 species). Of the species recorded, 39.09% were wild plant species, 40.00% were cultivated, and 20.91% of species could be found in the wild or cultivated. The number of species that gave color to cook rice was dominant (68.18%), followed by cakes, drinks, and soups, soaked in alcohol and sticky. This study shows the diversity of species composition, the abundance of traditional knowledge, and the potential of plants for food coloring in Vietnam. In the future, in-depth studies on the species’ nutritional composition, chemistry, vitamins, and extracts should be proposed, contributing to the food and beverage industry and especially maintaining and developing a culinary culture imbued with national identity.
{"title":"Diversity of plant species for food coloring in Vietnam","authors":"Nguyễn Thị Lương, N. Hop, N. Quy, VO Minh Hoan","doi":"10.13057/nusbiosci/n150112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n150112","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Luong NT, Hop NV, Quy NV, Hoan VM. 2023. Diversity of plant species for food coloring in Vietnam. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 95-104. Using natural colors of plants for food processing is an inevitable trend for the safety of consumers' health. It also provides essential vitamins, minerals, and nutrients to the body. This study aimed to systematize indigenous knowledge about food coloring plants of 11 ethnic groups in North, Central, and South Vietnam. Methods of ethnobotanical investigation, field investigation under the instruction of local people, and inheritance of documents combined with data analysis were employed. Therefore, 110 species of vascular plants belonging to 54 families of food coloring were discovered in Vietnam. As a result, 28 species were used with high frequency, and 15 species were identified as conservation values domestically and globally. Besides, the richness of folk knowledge of local people was also recorded. Five plant life forms were identified, i.e., shrubs, wood, vines, herbaceous, and bamboo. Eleven plant parts were used; leaves accounted for the largest proportion (36.36%), followed by fruit, wood, flowers, bark, seeds, tubers, rhizomes, young tops, sap, and roots. Ten different colors were created from plants for food dyeing; red accounted for the highest percentage (28.18%), followed by yellow, green, black, and gray was the lowest (0.91%). Most plants can produce monochromatic colors (94/110 species). Of the species recorded, 39.09% were wild plant species, 40.00% were cultivated, and 20.91% of species could be found in the wild or cultivated. The number of species that gave color to cook rice was dominant (68.18%), followed by cakes, drinks, and soups, soaked in alcohol and sticky. This study shows the diversity of species composition, the abundance of traditional knowledge, and the potential of plants for food coloring in Vietnam. In the future, in-depth studies on the species’ nutritional composition, chemistry, vitamins, and extracts should be proposed, contributing to the food and beverage industry and especially maintaining and developing a culinary culture imbued with national identity.","PeriodicalId":19481,"journal":{"name":"Nusantara Bioscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42647200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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