Nutrition最新文献_第8页

Author's response to comment re. “Nutri-Score effectiveness at improving consumer nutrition literacy, food choices, health, and healthy eating pattern adherence: A systematic review” 作者对评论re的回应。“营养评分在提高消费者营养素养、食物选择、健康和健康饮食模式依从性方面的有效性：一项系统综述”。

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113012

Luca Muzzioli M.S., Daniele Scenna M.S., Francesco Frigerio M.D., Manuela Sabbadin M.S., Eleonora Poggiogalle Ph.D., Anna Maria Giusti M.S., Alessandro Pinto Ph.D., Silvia Migliaccio Ph.D., Andrea Lenzi M.D., Lorenzo Maria Donini M.D.

引用次数: 0

Combination of a modified dietary tool and spot urine collection: an improved method for daily sodium intake estimation 一种改良的饮食工具与尿样收集的结合：一种改进的每日钠摄入量估算方法

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113014

Eirini D. Basdeki M.Sc. , Kalliopi Karatzi Ph.D. , Vrettos Moulos Ph.D. , Dimitris Liapis B.A. , Anna Podimata B.A. , Elpida Athanasopoulou M.D. , Yannis Manios Ph.D. , Petros Sfikakis M.D. , Athanase D. Protogerou M.D.

Purpose

Recently, an improved food frequency questionnaire focused on assessing daily sodium (Na) intake (Food Frequency Questionnaire [FFQ]-Na: 73 questions; time to be filled in [t]: 25 min) was developed with higher accuracy over other dietary and spot urinary methods (sUMs) compared with the gold standard 24 h urinary Na (24hUNa) excretion, which approaches real daily Na intake. We aimed to improve the FFQ-Na in terms of usability and combine it with sUMs to test whether daily Na intake assessment could be further improved for use in clinical practice and not only in research.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, 219 participants (61.2 males, age 55.45 ± 12.24 y) were asked to fill in the FFQ-Na and provide two 24hUNa collections and one spot urine sample. Data were analyzed using artificial intelligence and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

Using artificial intelligence: 1) Three new shorter versions of the FFQ-Na were developed by discarding questions with low additive value: FFQ-Na-1 (43 questions; t = 15 min), FFQ-Na-2 (37 questions; t = 13 min) and FFQ-Na-3 (29 questions; t = 10 min); 2) the FFQ-Na-2 in combination with the Tanaka (r² = 0.404) or Toft equation (r² = 0.411) had the best performance compared with 24hUNa, indicating moderate predictive ability. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for the detection of daily intake of >3 g Na/d indicated that the FFQ-Na-2 displayed the highest area under the curve (0.721), sensitivity (0.628), and specificity (0.839).

Conclusion

The FFQ-Na-2, in combination with a sUM (Tanaka or Toft), is a promising method for daily dietary Na intake assessment (using 24hUNa collection, which is the best method available to assess daily Na intake); further improvement and tests are needed.

最近，一份改进的食物频率问卷（food frequency questionnaire [FFQ]-Na: 73道题，填写时间[t]: 25分钟）被开发出来，与黄金标准24小时尿钠（24hUNa）排泄量相比，它比其他饮食和尿检方法（sUMs）具有更高的准确性，更接近真实的每日钠摄入量。我们旨在提高FFQ-Na的可用性，并将其与sum相结合，以测试每日钠摄入量评估是否可以进一步改进，以用于临床实践，而不仅仅是研究。方法在横断面研究中，219名参与者（男性61.2人，年龄55.45±12.24岁）填写FFQ-Na，并提供2份24hna收集和1份斑点尿液样本。数据分析采用人工智能和受者工作特征曲线分析。结果采用人工智能技术：1)剔除低附加值题，开发出3个新的精简版FFQ-Na: FFQ-Na-1（43题，t = 15 min）、FFQ-Na-2（37题，t = 13 min）和FFQ-Na-3(29题，t = 10 min)；2) FFQ-Na-2与Tanaka方程（r2 = 0.404）或Toft方程（r2 = 0.411）的组合效果较24hUNa最佳，预测能力中等。对每日摄入>；3 g Na/d的受试者工作特征曲线分析显示，FFQ-Na-2曲线下面积（0.721）、灵敏度（0.628）和特异性（0.839）最高。结论FFQ-Na-2联合sUM （Tanaka或Toft）是一种很有前景的日粮钠摄入量评价方法（采用24hUNa采集法，是目前评价日粮钠摄入量的最佳方法）；需要进一步的改进和测试。

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引用次数: 0

Association of serum myokine levels with rapid degeneration in skeletal muscle quality following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 血清肌因子水平与异体造血干细胞移植后骨骼肌质量快速退化的关系

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113015

Masanobu Murao R.P.T., Ph.D. , Ryota Hamada M.S. , Junya Kanda Ph.D. , Tadakazu Kondo Ph.D. , Junsuke Miyasaka M.S. , Tsugumi Asano , Michiko Matsushita M.S. , Ayumi Otagaki , Yasuyuki Arai Ph.D. , Hiroko Fukuda , Kouhei Yamashita Ph.D. , Akifumi Takaori-Kondo Ph.D. , Ryosuke Ikeguchi Ph.D.

Background and aims

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) causes rapid deterioration of physical function; therefore, understanding the changes in skeletal muscle quantity and quality and identifying associated biomarkers is crucial. Myokines, such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) derived from skeletal muscle contraction, are well-established biomarkers of skeletal muscle mass. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the role of circulating myokine dynamics in skeletal muscle degeneration after allo-HSCT.

Methods

Fifty-three patients who underwent allo-HSCT participated in this single-center prospective cohort study. Serum myokine concentrations were measured, and body composition (skeletal muscle mass index [SMI], extracellular water-to-total body water ratio [ECW/TBW], and phase angle [PhA]) were assessed using bioimpedance analysis (BIA) before and 4- and 8-weeks posttransplantation. Mixed-effect models for repeated measures and Tukey’s method were used to analyze the changes in body composition and serum myokine concentrations and their interrelationships.

Results

Univariate analysis revealed that all body composition parameters and myokine levels were altered after allo-HSCT. When adjusted for covariates, IGF-1 was significantly associated with the SMI (P = 0.003), ECW/TBW (P < 0.001), and PhA (P = 0.001) over time, whereas myostatin was only associated with the SMI (P = 0.001). No interaction between time and myokine levels was observed.

Conclusions

Changes in serum IGF-1 level following allo-HSCT may be associated with adverse alterations in skeletal muscle quality. This biomarker may be useful for guiding interventions aimed at preserving muscle quality and function in these patients.

Clinical trial registration

University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN 000046545).

背景与目的异基因造血干细胞移植（alloo - hsct）导致机体功能的快速恶化；因此，了解骨骼肌数量和质量的变化以及识别相关的生物标志物至关重要。肌因子，如来源于骨骼肌收缩的胰岛素样生长因子-1 (IGF-1)，是公认的骨骼肌质量的生物标志物。因此，我们旨在阐明循环肌因子动力学在同种异体造血干细胞移植后骨骼肌退行性变中的作用。方法53例接受同种异体造血干细胞移植的患者参与了这项单中心前瞻性队列研究。测定血清肌因子浓度，采用生物阻抗分析（BIA）评估移植前和移植后4周和8周的体成分（骨骼肌质量指数[SMI]、细胞外水与全身水比[ECW/TBW]和相位角[PhA]）。采用重复测量的混合效应模型和Tukey方法分析体成分和血清肌因子浓度的变化及其相互关系。结果单因素分析显示，同种异体造血干细胞移植后，所有身体成分参数和肌因子水平都发生了变化。调整协变量后，IGF-1与SMI （P = 0.003）、ECW/TBW （P < 0.001）和PhA （P = 0.001）随时间的推移显著相关，而肌生长抑制素仅与SMI相关（P = 0.001）。没有观察到时间和肌因子水平之间的相互作用。结论同种异体造血干细胞移植后血清IGF-1水平的变化可能与骨骼肌质量的不良改变有关。这种生物标志物可能有助于指导干预措施，旨在保持这些患者的肌肉质量和功能。临床试验注册大学医院医学信息网络临床试验注册（UMIN 000046545）。

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引用次数: 0

Efficacy of exclusive enteral nutrition as a salvage therapy in adults with Crohn’s disease refractory to biologic treatment 单独肠内营养作为对生物治疗难治性成人克罗恩病的补救性治疗的疗效

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113007

Yuchan Yang M.D. , Feng Zhu M.D. , Qiong Wu M.D. , Jiansheng Wang M.D. , Xueni Qiu M.D. , Song Li M.D. , Yi Xu M.D. , Jianfeng Gong Ph.D.

Objectives

Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is a well-established therapy for inducing remission in luminal Crohn’s disease (CD), but its role in biologic-refractory patients remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of EEN in biologic-refractory CD in adults and identify factors influencing treatment outcomes.

Methods

A single-center retrospective study was conducted on adult CD patients who received EEN between January 2021 and December 2024. Patients with active disease despite prior biologic therapy were included, along with a biologic-naïve subgroup for comparison. Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed, and remission rates were compared, stratified by the number of failed biologics. Logistic regression identified predictors of EEN efficacy.

Results

Among 224 patients, 94 were biologics-refractory, and 130 were biologics-naïve. Clinical remission at week 6 was achieved in 63.8% of biologic-refractory versus 73.8% of biologic-naïve patients (P = 0.11). Remission rates in patients failing one or two biologics were similar to biologic-naïve patients, but were significantly lower in those failing more than three biologics (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis identified gastrointestinal bleeding (OR = 0.08; 95% [CI] = [0.03–1.20], P = 0.03) and failure of more than three biologics (OR = 0.11; 95% [CI] = [0.02–0.50], P < 0.01) as independent risk factors for nonremission.

Conclusions

EEN is an effective salvage therapy for biologic-refractory CD in adults, but its efficacy diminishes with increased biologic failures. Additionally, active CD with gastrointestinal bleeding is associated with a lower likelihood of achieving clinical remission.

独家肠内营养（EEN）是一种公认的用于诱导管腔性克罗恩病（CD）缓解的治疗方法，但其在生物难治性患者中的作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估EEN治疗成人难治性CD的疗效，并确定影响治疗结果的因素。方法对2021年1月至2024年12月接受EEN治疗的成年CD患者进行单中心回顾性研究。尽管既往接受过生物治疗，但仍有活动性疾病的患者被纳入研究，并纳入biologic-naïve亚组进行比较。分析临床和实验室数据，比较缓解率，按失败的生物制剂数量分层。Logistic回归确定了EEN疗效的预测因子。结果224例患者中，94例为生物制剂难治性，130例为biologics-naïve。63.8%的生物难治性患者和73.8%的biologic-naïve患者在第6周达到临床缓解（P = 0.11）。一种或两种生物制剂无效的患者的缓解率与biologic-naïve患者相似，但三种以上生物制剂无效的患者的缓解率明显低于biologic-naïve患者（P < 0.01）。多因素分析发现，胃肠道出血（OR = 0.08; 95% [CI] = [0.03 - 1.20], P = 0.03）和三种以上生物制剂的失效（OR = 0.11; 95% [CI] = [0.02-0.50], P < 0.01）是不缓解的独立危险因素。结论磺胺吡啶是治疗成人生物难治性CD的有效方法，但其疗效随着生物失效的增加而降低。此外，伴有消化道出血的活动性乳糜泻患者实现临床缓解的可能性较低。

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引用次数: 0

Efficacy of Mediterranean Diet for the primary prevention of autoimmune diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis featured in the Italian National Guidelines “La Dieta Mediterranea” 地中海饮食对自身免疫性疾病一级预防的功效：意大利国家指南“地中海饮食”的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113013

Vincenza Gianfredi M.D., Ph.D. , Letizia Baldini M.D. , Andrea Deledda Ph.D. , Maria Michela Patruno M.D. , Lucia Galluzzo M.A. , Fernanda Velluzzi M.D. , Domenico Rogoli M.Sc. , Filippo Valoriani M.D. , Nicola Veronese M.D. , Massimo Volpe M.D. , Stefania Maggi M.D. , Graziano Onder M.D., Ph.D. , Marco Silano M.D. , Michela Zanetti M.D. , Daniele Nucci M.Sc., R.D. , Mediterranean Diet Guideline Group

The Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been associated with reduced inflammation and improved immune regulation, suggesting a potential protective role against autoimmune diseases. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library was performed up to February 28, 2024. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated with the NUTRIGRADE approach. Pooled effect sizes were computed using a random-effects model and expressed as risk ratios (RR), hazard ratios (HR), or odds ratios (OR), as appropriate. A total of 9 high-quality studies were included. No significant associations were found between high vs. low MD adherence and the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97–1.01), lupus (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91–1.03), Crohn’s disease (RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.84–1.07), or ulcerative colitis (RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.97–1.08). A significant inverse association was observed for multiple sclerosis (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85–0.98) and for Sjögren’s syndrome (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66–0.99). However, the certainty of evidence for all outcomes was rated as low. Promising associations were observed for multiple sclerosis and Sjögren’s syndrome, although current evidence does not support a consistent protective effect of the MD across several other autoimmune diseases. Further longitudinal research is needed to confirm these findings and explore underlying mechanisms. Meanwhile, the promotion of MD adherence remains justified within broader public health strategies for chronic disease prevention.

地中海饮食（MD）与减少炎症和改善免疫调节有关，表明对自身免疫性疾病具有潜在的保护作用。本次审查是按照PRISMA 2020和MOOSE指南进行的。全面检索PubMed/MEDLINE、Scopus、Embase和Cochrane Library，检索截止到2024年2月28日。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究质量，并使用NUTRIGRADE方法评估证据的确定性。使用随机效应模型计算汇总效应大小，并酌情以风险比（RR）、风险比（HR）或优势比（or）表示。共纳入9项高质量研究。MD依从性高低与类风湿关节炎（RR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97 - 1.01）、狼疮（HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91-1.03）、克罗恩病（RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.84-1.07）或溃疡性结肠炎（RR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.97 - 1.08）的发病率无显著关联。在多发性硬化症（RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85-0.98）和Sjögren综合征（OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66-0.99）中观察到显著的负相关。然而，所有结果的证据确定性被评为低。在多发性硬化症和Sjögren综合征中观察到有希望的关联，尽管目前的证据不支持MD对其他几种自身免疫性疾病的一致保护作用。需要进一步的纵向研究来证实这些发现并探索潜在的机制。与此同时，在更广泛的慢性病预防公共卫生战略中，促进MD依从性仍然是合理的。

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引用次数: 0

Chia flour and chia oil (Salvia hispanica L.) modulate the satiety and inflammation in brain of rats fed a high-fat high-fructose diet 鼠尾草粉和鼠尾草油调节高脂肪高果糖饮食大鼠的饱腹感和大脑炎症

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113008

Patrícia Nayara Estevam M.Sc. , Renata Celi Lopes Toledo Ph.D. , Vinícius Parzanini Brilhante de São José M.Sc. , Luiza de Paula Dias Moreira Ph.D. , Bárbara Nery Enes Ph.D. , Mariana Grancieri Ph.D. , Neuza Maria Brunoro Costa Ph.D. , Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino Ph.D. , Bárbara Pereira da Silva Ph.D.

Objectives

Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a functional food that can help control the metabolic changes caused by unbalanced diets. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chia flour (CF) and chia oil (CO) on satiety, inflammation, and antioxidant potential in the brain of rats fed a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFHF).

Methods

Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: AIN-93M (n = 8) and HFHF (n = 24) for 8 wk. Subsequently, HFHF-fed animals were subdivided (n = 8) into: HFHF, HFHF+CF, and HFHF+CO for 10 wk. Gene expression of satiety and inflammation-related proteins was analyzed by RT-qPCR; leptin and adiponectin levels were quantified by ELISA; and antioxidant potential was assessed via SOD and CAT activity. In silico analysis was performed using molecular docking, and the correlations were evaluated via Pearson's analyses.

Results

The HFHF+CO group showed higher POMC/CART gene expression, as well as reduced leptin levels compared to the HFHF+CF and AIN-93M groups. Both chia flour and oil reduced NPY, LEP-r, and NF-κB gene expressions compared to the HFHF group. The HFHF+CF group showed increased Nrf2 gene expression compared to the HFHF group. All main phenolic acids found in chia flour showed good interactions with the analyzed markers LEP-r, MC4R, and NPY-Y1. Main positive correlations were observed beteween adiponectin and SOD, phenolics consumption and ALA, MC4R and NPY, NPY and AgRP, and AgRP and MC4R.

Conclusions

Thus, this study highlights chia flour and oil as potential modulators of satiety and inflammatory response in the brain, in addition to reinforcing the antioxidant effect of flour.

目的研究鼠尾草（Salvia hispanica L.）是一种控制饮食不平衡引起的代谢变化的功能性食品。本研究旨在探讨奇亚籽粉（CF）和奇亚籽油（CO）对喂食高脂肪高果糖饮食（HFHF）的大鼠大脑饱腹感、炎症和抗氧化潜力的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为AIN-93M组（n = 8）和HFHF组（n = 24），饲养8周。随后，将饲喂HFHF的动物（n = 8）细分为：HFHF、HFHF+CF和HFHF+CO，持续10周。RT-qPCR分析饱腹感和炎症相关蛋白的基因表达；ELISA法测定瘦素、脂联素水平；通过SOD和CAT活性测定抗氧化能力。使用分子对接进行计算机分析，并通过Pearson分析评估相关性。结果与HFHF+CF和AIN-93M组相比，HFHF+CO组POMC/CART基因表达升高，瘦素水平降低。与hhff组相比，奇亚面粉和油均降低了NPY、LEP-r和NF-κB基因的表达。HFHF+CF组Nrf2基因表达较HFHF组增加。在奇亚面粉中发现的所有主要酚酸均与所分析的标记LEP-r、MC4R和NPY-Y1具有良好的相互作用。脂联素与SOD、酚类物质消耗与ALA、MC4R与NPY、NPY与AgRP、AgRP与MC4R呈显著正相关。因此，本研究强调，除了增强面粉的抗氧化作用外，奇亚面粉和油还可能是大脑饱腹感和炎症反应的调节剂。

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引用次数: 0

Probiotics and the immune landscape: An ally in breast cancer combination therapy 益生菌和免疫景观：乳腺癌联合治疗的盟友

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113011

Mohammad Amin Tokallou M.Sc. , Mahmoud Mahmoudi M.D., Ph.D. , Ramiar Kamal Kheder Ph.D. , Seyedeh Fatemeh Azghadi M.Sc. , Ehsan Rastgoo M.Sc. , Abbas Sabouri M.Sc. , Seyed Alireza Esmaeili Ph.D.

Breast cancer is the second cause of death among women in the world. Breast cancer deaths are anticipated to increase to 3.2 million by 2050. Although treatment methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy have advanced, survivors still face long-term problems. Probiotics are increasingly recognized as a promising therapeutic modality in cancer management, primarily through their capacity to modulate the gut microbiota and enhance host immune responses, in addition to their direct antitumor effects. Some probiotic strains also block cancer cell growth by promoting cancer cell apoptosis and reducing cell proliferation. Moreover, probiotics can also boost the effect of medications such as immune checkpoint inhibitors by boosting patients’ immune systems against cancer cells. The objective of this review is to investigate the influence of probiotics on the immune system, their direct effects on cancer cells, and their potential in the treatment of breast cancer therapies.

乳腺癌是世界上妇女死亡的第二大原因。预计到2050年，乳腺癌死亡人数将增加到320万人。尽管手术、化疗、放疗、靶向治疗和免疫治疗等治疗方法已经取得进展，但幸存者仍然面临着长期的问题。益生菌越来越被认为是一种有前景的癌症治疗方式，主要是通过它们调节肠道微生物群和增强宿主免疫反应的能力，以及它们直接的抗肿瘤作用。一些益生菌菌株还通过促进癌细胞凋亡和减少细胞增殖来阻止癌细胞的生长。此外，益生菌还可以通过增强患者对癌细胞的免疫系统来增强免疫检查点抑制剂等药物的效果。本综述的目的是研究益生菌对免疫系统的影响，它们对癌细胞的直接作用，以及它们在乳腺癌治疗中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Re. “Nutri-Score effectiveness in improving consumers’ nutrition literacy, food choices, health, and healthy eating pattern adherence: A systematic review” by Muzzioli et al. 回复：Muzzioli等人的《营养评分在提高消费者营养素养、食物选择、健康和健康饮食模式依从性方面的有效性：一项系统综述》。

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113010

Ferard Clémentine, Fezeu K. Léopold, Galan Pilan, Hercberg Serge, Touvier Mathilde, Julia Chantal

引用次数: 0

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum intake alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation via gut microbial alteration in mice 摄入部分水解瓜尔胶可通过改变小鼠肠道微生物来减轻脂多糖诱导的全身性炎症。

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.113009

Chihiro Watanabe Ph.D. , Hinako Hirai B.Sc. , Takafumi Aoki Ph.D. , Hiromi Kataoka Ph.D. , Masanori Iseki Ph.D. , Hiroki Hamada M.Sc. , Masato Kawashima Ph.D. , Michael J. Kremenik M.A. , Hiromi Yano Ph.D. , Eri Oyanagi Ph.D.

Background

Interactions between dietary fiber and the gut microbiota appear to be associated with potential mechanisms to alleviate systemic inflammation. We hypothesized that partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), a soluble dietary fiber, acts on the immune system via the fermentation of gut microbiota.

Objective

In this study, we investigated the effect of PHGG intake on LPS-induced systemic inflammation and changes in gut microbiota.

Methods

Nine-wk-old male C3H/HeN mice were randomly divided into three groups: non-fiber (NF), 5% cellulose (Cellu), and 5% PHGG (PHGG) diet groups. After a 6-wk dietary intervention, all mice were injected with LPS (1 mg/kg, i.v.), after which plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentrations were measured. In addition, the relative abundance of gut microbiota in feces, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the cecum contents, and regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation was measured.

Results

LPS-induced TNF-α, but not IL-10, production in PHGG mice was significantly lower than that in both the NF and Cellu groups (P < 0.01). The α- and β-diversities of gut microbiota were different among the three groups. SCFAs in the cecum contents of PHGG mice were significantly higher than that in the Cellu group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Treg cells in the colonic lamina propria were increased by PHGG intake (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Taken together, the habitual intake of PHGG suppresses systemic inflammation, suggesting that this phenomenon may be related to adaptations in immune function with the induction of differentiation into Treg cells via changes in SCFA production by the gut microbiota.

背景：膳食纤维和肠道微生物群之间的相互作用似乎与减轻全身性炎症的潜在机制有关。我们假设部分水解瓜尔胶（PHGG）是一种可溶性膳食纤维，通过肠道微生物群的发酵作用于免疫系统。目的：在本研究中，我们研究了摄入PHGG对脂多糖诱导的全身炎症和肠道菌群变化的影响。方法：将9周龄雄性C3H/HeN小鼠随机分为无纤维（NF）组、5%纤维素（Cellu）组和5% PHGG （PHGG）组。饮食干预6周后，所有小鼠注射LPS （1 mg/kg，静脉注射），之后测量血浆肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和白细胞介素-10 （IL-10）浓度。此外，还测量了粪便中肠道微生物群的相对丰度、盲肠内容物中短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的相对丰度以及调节性T细胞（Treg）分化。结果：lps诱导的PHGG小鼠TNF-α含量明显低于NF组和Cellu组（P < 0.01）， IL-10含量无显著差异（P < 0.01）。3组间肠道菌群α-和β-多样性存在差异。PHGG组小鼠盲肠内容物中SCFAs含量显著高于Cellu组（P < 0.05）。此外，摄入PHGG后，结肠固有层Treg细胞增加（P < 0.05）。结论：综上所述，习惯性摄入PHGG可以抑制全身炎症，这表明这种现象可能与免疫功能的适应有关，通过改变肠道微生物群产生的SCFA诱导分化为Treg细胞。

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引用次数: 0

Sarcopenia and malnutrition in children with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction 肝外门静脉梗阻患儿肌肉减少和营养不良

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112998

Hakan Ozturk M.D. , Nezih Yayli M.D. , Sinan Sari M.D. , Odul Egritas Gurkan M.D. , Oznur Leman Konus Boyunaga M.D. , Buket Dalgic M.D.

Objectives

Malnutrition is an imbalance between nutrient requirements and intake and sarcopenia is defined as a clinical condition characterized by the reduction of muscle mass and function. Our study aims to determine the frequency of sarcopenia and malnutrition and to establish the relationship between sarcopenia and clinical outcomes in children with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO).

Methods

This was a retrospective, single-center study evaluating children with EHPVO between 2000 and 2024, with an abdominal CT scan performed. Psoas muscle surface area was measured at two intervertebral lumbar disc levels, L3-4 and L4-5.

Results

Seventy patients aged between 1 and 16 years whose CT images were available were included in the study. The frequency of sarcopenia among the patients included in the study was 58.6%, as calculated from the L3-4 and/or L4-5 levels. Eighteen-point six percent of the patients were classified as underweight, 17.1% were wasted, and 15.7% were stunted. Furthermore, 31.4% of the patients were either underweight and/or wasted and/or stunted, conditions that are classified as malnutrition. The frequency of sarcopenic malnutrition was 24.3%. When the patients with EHPVO are stratified according to the presence of sarcopenia, no significant differences in demographic and laboratory features have been observed between the two groups.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first study that analyses the frequency of sarcopenia and its relation with malnutrition in children with EHPVO. The frequency of sarcopenia was similar to those observed in cirrhotic pediatric patients in recent studies. Because of the retrospective design of the study, it was not possible to assess functional muscle parameters of the patients. The major challenges in diagnosing sarcopenia in children include the absence of a gold standard test and reference data for healthy body composition.

营养不良是营养需求和摄入之间的不平衡，肌肉减少症被定义为一种以肌肉质量和功能减少为特征的临床状况。本研究旨在确定肝外门静脉梗阻（EHPVO）患儿肌少症和营养不良的发生率，并建立肌少症与临床预后的关系。方法本研究为回顾性单中心研究，评估2000年至2024年间患有EHPVO的儿童，并进行腹部CT扫描。腰大肌表面积在腰3-4和腰4-5两个腰椎间盘水平测量。结果70例年龄在1 ~ 16岁之间且有CT影像的患者纳入研究。根据L3-4和/或L4-5水平计算，纳入研究的患者中肌肉减少症的发生率为58.6%。18.6%的患者体重不足，17.1%的患者消瘦，15.7%的患者发育不良。此外，31.4%的患者体重过轻和/或消瘦和/或发育不良，属于营养不良。肌减少性营养不良发生率为24.3%。当根据是否存在肌肉减少症对EHPVO患者进行分层时，两组在人口学和实验室特征上没有观察到显著差异。结论据我们所知，这是第一个分析EHPVO患儿肌肉减少症发生率及其与营养不良关系的研究。在最近的研究中，肌肉减少症的发生频率与在肝硬化儿童患者中观察到的相似。由于该研究的回顾性设计，不可能评估患者的功能性肌肉参数。诊断儿童肌肉减少症的主要挑战包括缺乏健康身体成分的金标准测试和参考数据。

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