Optics and Laser Technology最新文献

英文中文

In-situ high-speed X-ray imaging of crack formation and elimination mechanisms in AA7075 alloy during laser remelting

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112716

Jiaxing Xiao , Chunxia Yao , Bingbing Zhang , Zhen Xiao , Hongyu Zheng , Dongfeng Qi , Weilong Cao , Darui Sun , Wenhui Yu

The inherently high susceptibility to hot cracking of AA7075 alloy poses significant challenges in its Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) manufacturing process, thereby impeding its widespread adoption in aerospace and automotive industries. However, the laser-matter interactions and melt pool dynamics in laser Additive Manufacturing (AM) remain obscure, particularly in how cracks initiate and propagate during the process. In the present study, in-situ high-speed X-ray imaging technique was employed to characterize the crack formation and elimination during the laser remelting process on LPBF fabricated AA7075 substrates. The remelting process resembles scanning on preceding layers during LPBF. The microstructure of substrates and the processing parameters were investigated. Two modes of crack formation were unveiled: one initiating from the inherent crack defects, propagating upwards through vulnerable areas, and the other originating within the final depression zone of the melt pool, extending downwards across the vulnerable areas. On a substrate with rich defects, cracks tend to initiate from the inherent cracks. Another crucial finding is that the rupture of gas pores can induce fluctuations in the melt pool, leading to the elimination of cracks. The efficacy of crack elimination within the melt pool is highly influenced by variations in the inherent microstructure of the substrates and the applied processing parameters. These results will provide enlightening insight into crack reduction and elimination in LPBF.

{"title":"In-situ high-speed X-ray imaging of crack formation and elimination mechanisms in AA7075 alloy during laser remelting","authors":"Jiaxing Xiao , Chunxia Yao , Bingbing Zhang , Zhen Xiao , Hongyu Zheng , Dongfeng Qi , Weilong Cao , Darui Sun , Wenhui Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inherently high susceptibility to hot cracking of AA7075 alloy poses significant challenges in its Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) manufacturing process, thereby impeding its widespread adoption in aerospace and automotive industries. However, the laser-matter interactions and melt pool dynamics in laser Additive Manufacturing (AM) remain obscure, particularly in how cracks initiate and propagate during the process. In the present study, <em>in-situ</em> high-speed X-ray imaging technique was employed to characterize the crack formation and elimination during the laser remelting process on LPBF fabricated AA7075 substrates. The remelting process resembles scanning on preceding layers during LPBF. The microstructure of substrates and the processing parameters were investigated. Two modes of crack formation were unveiled: one initiating from the inherent crack defects, propagating upwards through vulnerable areas, and the other originating within the final depression zone of the melt pool, extending downwards across the vulnerable areas. On a substrate with rich defects, cracks tend to initiate from the inherent cracks. Another crucial finding is that the rupture of gas pores can induce fluctuations in the melt pool, leading to the elimination of cracks. The efficacy of crack elimination within the melt pool is highly influenced by variations in the inherent microstructure of the substrates and the applied processing parameters. These results will provide enlightening insight into crack reduction and elimination in LPBF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 112716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parallel direct laser writing method based on optical fiber array

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112738

Junyi Lu , Liang Xu , Mengdi Luo , Jisen Wen , Yinxu Bian , Zhenyao Yang , Dazhao Zhu , Xiaoming Shen , Chenliang Ding , Cuifang Kuang , Xu Liu

Direct laser writing (DLW) technology has been widely used in various fields, and parallelization via multi-foci generation has been an effective approach to improve manufacturing efficiency. However, the present technologies make it difficult to achieve high throughput while maintaining high precision and consistency. This paper proposes a high-throughput nano-scale DLW technology based on an optical fiber array, which has the capability for parallel writing through multiple channels that can be independently controlled and has validated the possibility of 60-channel writing. The beam-combining technology based on fibers allows the error range between channels to be reduced to within 20 nm. By modulating the energy of the parallel channels, the technology achieves sub-40 nm precision while increasing throughput. This technology supports the writing of large-area structures and non-periodic patterns and is expected to solve the problem of parallel high-throughput writing with high precision.

{"title":"Parallel direct laser writing method based on optical fiber array","authors":"Junyi Lu , Liang Xu , Mengdi Luo , Jisen Wen , Yinxu Bian , Zhenyao Yang , Dazhao Zhu , Xiaoming Shen , Chenliang Ding , Cuifang Kuang , Xu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct laser writing (DLW) technology has been widely used in various fields, and parallelization via multi-foci generation has been an effective approach to improve manufacturing efficiency. However, the present technologies make it difficult to achieve high throughput while maintaining high precision and consistency. This paper proposes a high-throughput nano-scale DLW technology based on an optical fiber array, which has the capability for parallel writing through multiple channels that can be independently controlled and has validated the possibility of 60-channel writing. The beam-combining technology based on fibers allows the error range between channels to be reduced to within 20 nm. By modulating the energy of the parallel channels, the technology achieves sub-40 nm precision while increasing throughput. This technology supports the writing of large-area structures and non-periodic patterns and is expected to solve the problem of parallel high-throughput writing with high precision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 112738"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yellow-orange and ultraviolet laser generation based on stimulated Raman scattering of barium nitrate crystal

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112697

Xiaojing Lin, Hongkai Ren, Zhengping Wang, Yang Li, Xun Sun, Xinguang Xu

An efficient yellow-orange laser radiation source was produced by the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of barium nitrate (Ba(NO₃)₂) crystal. With a 532 nm laser as the exciting source, the Stokes conversion efficiency is up to 68.3 %. Under a pump energy of 119.8 mJ, a maximum output energy of 40.9 mJ at 563 nm and 28.5 mJ at 599 nm were obtained. By further second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) frequency conversions, four ultraviolet (UV) laser wavelengths at 274 nm, 282 nm, 291 nm, and 300 nm were achieved. These new laser sources have potential applications in many fields, like bioimaging, medical diagnostics, and spectral analysis.

引用次数: 0

Modelling and monitoring of scaling effects in multi-scan laser forming

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112712

Bikram K. Khandai, Muvvala Gopinath

The laser forming process has garnered considerable interest in industrial applications due to its flexibility and ability to create freeform shapes without the need for component-specific tooling. However, scaling this process for industrial use requires investigating various influencing factors, particularly scaling effects. In multi-scan laser forming, phenomena like strain hardening and heat accumulation impact the bending angle after each pass. Additionally, changes in specimen geometry affect the thermal mass and section modulus, complicating deformation predictions. This study focuses on experimentally and numerically analyzing bending behavior in multi-scan laser forming for different specimen widths. Realtime monitoring system which includes pyrometers for temperature gradient measurement and a laser displacement sensor for deformation capture was used for monitoring the bending behavior and its variation with number of passes. A finite element model is developed to assess stress evolution across multiple scans and its correlation with deformation. For 20 and 40 mm wide specimens, heat accumulation shifted the bending mechanism from the temperature gradient mechanism (TGM) to the buckling mechanism (BM). In contrast, the 60 mm specimen retained the TGM due to increased thermal mass and more efficient cooling. In the 20 mm sample, the bending angle per pass initially decreased due to strain hardening, later showing an increasing-decreasing trend due to changes in flow stress and thermal softening. The observed deformation behavior with number of passes and its correlation with stress behavior is further validated by the numerical model, providing insights that are otherwise difficult to measure experimentally.

{"title":"Modelling and monitoring of scaling effects in multi-scan laser forming","authors":"Bikram K. Khandai, Muvvala Gopinath","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The laser forming process has garnered considerable interest in industrial applications due to its flexibility and ability to create freeform shapes without the need for component-specific tooling. However, scaling this process for industrial use requires investigating various influencing factors, particularly scaling effects. In multi-scan laser forming, phenomena like strain hardening and heat accumulation impact the bending angle after each pass. Additionally, changes in specimen geometry affect the thermal mass and section modulus, complicating deformation predictions. This study focuses on experimentally and numerically analyzing bending behavior in multi-scan laser forming for different specimen widths. Realtime monitoring system which includes pyrometers for temperature gradient measurement and a laser displacement sensor for deformation capture was used for monitoring the bending behavior and its variation with number of passes. A finite element model is developed to assess stress evolution across multiple scans and its correlation with deformation. For 20 and 40 mm wide specimens, heat accumulation shifted the bending mechanism from the temperature gradient mechanism (TGM) to the buckling mechanism (BM). In contrast, the 60 mm specimen retained the TGM due to increased thermal mass and more efficient cooling. In the 20 mm sample, the bending angle per pass initially decreased due to strain hardening, later showing an increasing-decreasing trend due to changes in flow stress and thermal softening. The observed deformation behavior with number of passes and its correlation with stress behavior is further validated by the numerical model, providing insights that are otherwise difficult to measure experimentally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 112712"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Road surface condition monitoring with an optical fibre reservoir structure based on acceleration data from vehicles

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112641

Xiang Wang, Fan Ye, Zhaojie Sun, Shirin Malihi, Fumiya Iida

The development of high-efficiency road pavement condition monitoring systems is critical for road asset management to obtain a more efficient evaluation of the health condition. Traditional specialized road assessment vehicles provide accurate road evaluations, but the limited vehicle number become a barrier to fast updating road surface condition data for road management decision-making. In this study, a physical optical computing approach for monitoring road surface conditions using only acceleration data from civilian vehicles was proposed. By processing the acceleration data with an optical fibre-based reservoir computing structure, road pavement surface fluctuation slopes and the international roughness indices were predicted. The predicted road surface condition results demonstrate the effectiveness of this model-free, physical reservoir computing approach in predicting road surface conditions. About 90% road surface fluctuations peaks and valleys detection were predicted. The accuracies of prediction of international roughness index for 100 m international roughness indices averaging and for international roughness indices (10 m) were about 86% and 73%. This method increases the efficiency of road condition monitoring and identifies potential critical road monitoring regions to lighten the road survey burden of specialized road assessment vehicles. This research focuses on expanding the application field of optical reservoir computing to the road monitoring field and provides primary research for the development of physical reservoirs for road surface monitoring on vehicles in the future.

{"title":"Road surface condition monitoring with an optical fibre reservoir structure based on acceleration data from vehicles","authors":"Xiang Wang, Fan Ye, Zhaojie Sun, Shirin Malihi, Fumiya Iida","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-efficiency road pavement condition monitoring systems is critical for road asset management to obtain a more efficient evaluation of the health condition. Traditional specialized road assessment vehicles provide accurate road evaluations, but the limited vehicle number become a barrier to fast updating road surface condition data for road management decision-making. In this study, a physical optical computing approach for monitoring road surface conditions using only acceleration data from civilian vehicles was proposed. By processing the acceleration data with an optical fibre-based reservoir computing structure, road pavement surface fluctuation slopes and the international roughness indices were predicted. The predicted road surface condition results demonstrate the effectiveness of this model-free, physical reservoir computing approach in predicting road surface conditions. About 90% road surface fluctuations peaks and valleys detection were predicted. The accuracies of prediction of international roughness index for 100m international roughness indices averaging and for international roughness indices (10m) were about 86% and 73%. This method increases the efficiency of road condition monitoring and identifies potential critical road monitoring regions to lighten the road survey burden of specialized road assessment vehicles. This research focuses on expanding the application field of optical reservoir computing to the road monitoring field and provides primary research for the development of physical reservoirs for road surface monitoring on vehicles in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 112641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical waveguides and work function modification in perovskite particles embedded tellurium-zinc glass for photonic applications

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112680

J.L. Clabel H., K.T. Paula, Filipe A. Couto, G. Lozano C., M.P. da Silva, E. Marega Jr., Valmor R. Mastelaro, Cleber R. Mendonça

In recent years, tellurium-zinc glass and perovskite structures have gained significant attention in advancing the field of integrated optics. This research explores the integration of tellurium-zinc glass (TZ) and perovskite BaTiO3 tri-doped Er/Yb/Zn embedded in tellurium-zinc glass (TZ-NP), aiming to enhance the functionality of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials for applications involving integrated optical systems. Pure TZ and TZ-NP were fabricated to address these issues, improving their chemical and thermal stability. Chemical surface and internal structure analyses were conducted using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM). The study also focuses on optimizing femtosecond laser (fs-laser) direct writing for creating microstructured waveguides in TZ-NP glass with low propagation loss. An end-face coupling experimental setup measured the waveguide near-field mode intensity. Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) was also used to assess the electrical properties crucial for photovoltaic devices. The possibility of a 14-fold increase in surface potential providing a highly homogeneous response using the KPFM compared to the pure TZ glass has been shown. The propagation loss was reduced to 1.35 dB/cm in optical waveguides of TZ-NP without introducing additional scattering. It has been demonstrated that embedding perovskite particles in glass significantly improves the response of optical and electric properties through enhanced light-matter interactions, potentially leading to the development of optical waveguide components and photovoltaic devices for photonics.

{"title":"Optical waveguides and work function modification in perovskite particles embedded tellurium-zinc glass for photonic applications","authors":"J.L. Clabel H., K.T. Paula, Filipe A. Couto, G. Lozano C., M.P. da Silva, E. Marega Jr., Valmor R. Mastelaro, Cleber R. Mendonça","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, tellurium-zinc glass and perovskite structures have gained significant attention in advancing the field of integrated optics. This research explores the integration of tellurium-zinc glass (TZ) and perovskite BaTiO3 tri-doped Er/Yb/Zn embedded in tellurium-zinc glass (TZ-NP), aiming to enhance the functionality of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials for applications involving integrated optical systems. Pure TZ and TZ-NP were fabricated to address these issues, improving their chemical and thermal stability. Chemical surface and internal structure analyses were conducted using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM). The study also focuses on optimizing femtosecond laser (fs-laser) direct writing for creating microstructured waveguides in TZ-NP glass with low propagation loss. An end-face coupling experimental setup measured the waveguide near-field mode intensity. Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) was also used to assess the electrical properties crucial for photovoltaic devices. The possibility of a 14-fold increase in surface potential providing a highly homogeneous response using the KPFM compared to the pure TZ glass has been shown. The propagation loss was reduced to 1.35 dB/cm in optical waveguides of TZ-NP without introducing additional scattering. It has been demonstrated that embedding perovskite particles in glass significantly improves the response of optical and electric properties through enhanced light-matter interactions, potentially leading to the development of optical waveguide components and photovoltaic devices for photonics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 112680"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laser ablation in liquids: A versatile technique for nanoparticle generation

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112705

Mohamed E. Shaheen , Abdalla Y.E. Abdelwahab

In recent years, the synthesis of nanomaterials and nanoparticles (NPs) using laser ablation in liquid media (LAL) has become a topic of interest that has led to significant advancements in fundamental and applied research. The synthesis of nanomaterials using LAL is characterized by simplicity, ease of setup, and applicability to any solid or powdered material. A wide diversity of NPs and nanostructures with different compositions, sizes, and shapes can be obtained by adjusting the laser conditions, material type, and ablation medium. Laser ablation in liquids is a unique and clean technique capable of producing nanoparticles with tailored properties suitable for applications in many fields such as biomedicine, agriculture, catalysis, and electronics. This review article provides a brief overview of nanomaterial classification and synthesis methods, emphasizing laser ablation in liquids as a versatile method of nanomaterial fabrication. The basic principles of laser ablation, mechanisms involved in nanoparticle formation, parameters influencing the synthesis process, advantages and limitations, and some potential applications of LAL are also covered.

{"title":"Laser ablation in liquids: A versatile technique for nanoparticle generation","authors":"Mohamed E. Shaheen , Abdalla Y.E. Abdelwahab","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the synthesis of nanomaterials and nanoparticles (NPs) using laser ablation in liquid media (LAL) has become a topic of interest that has led to significant advancements in fundamental and applied research. The synthesis of nanomaterials using LAL is characterized by simplicity, ease of setup, and applicability to any solid or powdered material. A wide diversity of NPs and nanostructures with different compositions, sizes, and shapes can be obtained by adjusting the laser conditions, material type, and ablation medium. Laser ablation in liquids is a unique and clean technique capable of producing nanoparticles with tailored properties suitable for applications in many fields such as biomedicine, agriculture, catalysis, and electronics. This review article provides a brief overview of nanomaterial classification and synthesis methods, emphasizing laser ablation in liquids as a versatile method of nanomaterial fabrication. The basic principles of laser ablation, mechanisms involved in nanoparticle formation, parameters influencing the synthesis process, advantages and limitations, and some potential applications of LAL are also covered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 112705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A molecular dynamics model for studying the effect of picosecond laser pulse overlap on silicon carbide ablation processing

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112702

Fu Liu, Shiyu Cao, Bin Li, Xiangyu Wang, Yi Zhang

A high-precision molecular dynamic model of single pulse picosecond laser ablation of silicon carbide crystal is constructed by introducing one thousandth laser focal spot diameter and adjusting the appropriate coupling coefficient, and the correlation between the nanoscale simulation and microscale experimental reproduction is achieved. After that, in order to establish a precise correlation between scanning speed and the effective pulse number, a laser intensity correction factor for charactering the attenuation of Gaussian light over distance is introduced. When the scanning speed is 300.00, 200.00 and 100.00 mm/s, the intensity-corrected pulse overlap rate is 106 %, 156 % and 230 %, which is converted to an effective pulse number of 1.06, 1.56 and 2.30, respectively. The calculated effective pulse number is used as an input to the molecular dynamic model. The high-precision molecular dynamics model with the input of effective pulse number is then used to simulate the effects of pulse overlap rate and laser fluence on the ablation results. By comparing the calculated ablation widths with the experimental detection results, the accuracy of the model study pulse overlap rate and laser fluence ablation results are both proved to be higher than 95 %, and the average error between the experimental and simulation methods are both proved to be less than 1 %.

{"title":"A molecular dynamics model for studying the effect of picosecond laser pulse overlap on silicon carbide ablation processing","authors":"Fu Liu, Shiyu Cao, Bin Li, Xiangyu Wang, Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high-precision molecular dynamic model of single pulse picosecond laser ablation of silicon carbide crystal is constructed by introducing one thousandth laser focal spot diameter and adjusting the appropriate coupling coefficient, and the correlation between the nanoscale simulation and microscale experimental reproduction is achieved. After that, in order to establish a precise correlation between scanning speed and the effective pulse number, a laser intensity correction factor for charactering the attenuation of Gaussian light over distance is introduced. When the scanning speed is 300.00, 200.00 and 100.00 mm/s, the intensity-corrected pulse overlap rate is 106 %, 156 % and 230 %, which is converted to an effective pulse number of 1.06, 1.56 and 2.30, respectively. The calculated effective pulse number is used as an input to the molecular dynamic model. The high-precision molecular dynamics model with the input of effective pulse number is then used to simulate the effects of pulse overlap rate and laser fluence on the ablation results. By comparing the calculated ablation widths with the experimental detection results, the accuracy of the model study pulse overlap rate and laser fluence ablation results are both proved to be higher than 95 %, and the average error between the experimental and simulation methods are both proved to be less than 1 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 112702"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solid-state thinning of violet phosphorus by femtosecond laser and facile recognition of its thickness

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112698

Xiaohui Ye , Miaomiao Wei , Zhiyuan Yang , Yurong Li , Xi Zheng , Mengzhen Chen , Shubin Huang , Yi He , Jiachuan Liang , Mengyue Gu , Liang Guo , Jinying Zhang

Violet Phosphorus (VP), as a burgeoning layered material, has numerous remarkable merits, which strongly depend on its thicknesses. It is significant to control and recognize the thickness in a facile way for widely applications. This paper employed 515 nm femtosecond (fs) laser to control VP thickness in solid state precisely. The VP nanosheets were exfoliated from 500 nm to 80 nm at a span of dozens of nanometers. The mechanism of VP exfoliation was the interaction of laser and VP. The laser decreased the interlayer Van der Waals force and increases the lattice vibration, leading to the decomposition of VP. Various approaches were conducted to characterize the thickness of VP quantitatively and qualitatively. The strict correspondence was established between RGB in optical images and layer number of VP. It can easily obtain the thickness information only by optical images rather than expensive and time-consuming atomic force microscopy (AFM). This work develops a novel approach to exfoliate VP in solid state for high-end applications, and provides a facile thought to quantitative characterize the VP thicknesses in an efficient and low-cost mean.

{"title":"Solid-state thinning of violet phosphorus by femtosecond laser and facile recognition of its thickness","authors":"Xiaohui Ye , Miaomiao Wei , Zhiyuan Yang , Yurong Li , Xi Zheng , Mengzhen Chen , Shubin Huang , Yi He , Jiachuan Liang , Mengyue Gu , Liang Guo , Jinying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Violet Phosphorus (VP), as a burgeoning layered material, has numerous remarkable merits, which strongly depend on its thicknesses. It is significant to control and recognize the thickness in a facile way for widely applications. This paper employed 515 nm femtosecond (fs) laser to control VP thickness in solid state precisely. The VP nanosheets were exfoliated from 500 nm to 80 nm at a span of dozens of nanometers. The mechanism of VP exfoliation was the interaction of laser and VP. The laser decreased the interlayer Van der Waals force and increases the lattice vibration, leading to the decomposition of VP. Various approaches were conducted to characterize the thickness of VP quantitatively and qualitatively. The strict correspondence was established between RGB in optical images and layer number of VP. It can easily obtain the thickness information only by optical images rather than expensive and time-consuming atomic force microscopy (AFM). This work develops a novel approach to exfoliate VP in solid state for high-end applications, and provides a facile thought to quantitative characterize the VP thicknesses in an efficient and low-cost mean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 112698"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3 kW narrow-linewidth linearly polarized fiber laser with high-purity single-mode output and high PER enabled by suppressing mode and polarization coupling

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112729

Yousi Yang, Dan Li, Yijie Zhang, Pei Li, Yulun Wu, Ping Yan, Mali Gong, Qirong Xiao

Laser beam combining techniques, such as coherent and spectral beam combination, are effective strategies for the further power scaling of fiber lasers. In practical applications, beam quality and polarization extinction ratio (PER) of the narrow-linewidth fiber laser sources can significantly affect the performance of the combining system, including the combining efficiency, beam quality, and thermal regulation. In this paper, a narrow-linewidth linearly polarized fiber laser with high-purity single-mode output and high PER is demonstrated. A theoretical model for the optimization of our amplifier is firstly constructed, considering mode coupling and thermal-induced polarization coupling. Expression of the birefringence employed here is the recently corrected stress-induced birefringence. With this model, we optimize the numerical aperture, bending radius and coiling configurations of gain fiber for suppressing mode coupling and polarization coupling. In experiment, we achieve a 3.116 kW linearly polarized narrow-linewidth fiber laser with the beam quality of M_x² = 1.09/M_y² = 1.06 and a PER of 22.1 dB at maximum power. The thresholds for transverse mode instability, stimulated Brillouin scattering, and self-pulsing are not reached. This work provides an effective design method for high-performance narrow-linewidth linearly polarized fiber lasers. To the best of our knowledge, our results represent the highest level of both beam quality and PER achieved for narrow-linewidth linearly polarized fiber lasers at this power level.

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