Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114761
Yizheng Sun , Weiming Zeng , Hengwei Shen , Tongyu Yao , He Yan , Yushan Chen , Wen Chen , Jing Liu , Zhichun Fan
Glass-to-metal (GTM) seals are essential in Electrical Penetration Assemblies (EPAs) of nuclear power plants, where long-term hermeticity relies on residual stress generated by thermal expansion mismatch (Δα). However, conventional models cannot capture the thermo-mechanical interactions and uneven residual stress fields that often induce sealing failure, making accurate prediction and monitoring a major challenge. In this study, a thermo-mechanical analytical framework incorporating interface shear–normal stress coupling, finite element modeling, and embedded fiber Bragg grating arrays was combined to achieve real-time three-dimensional strain monitoring during manufacturing and service processes. Results demonstrate that a controlled positive Δα (8.46–12.73 × 10−6 K−1) yields stable compressive stresses, whereas negative or insufficient Δα induces cracking or hermetic degradation. Furthermore, thermal cycling experiments revealed progressive residual stress relaxation and structural stabilization of the glass. These findings provide practical guidelines for improving the sealing reliability of nuclear EPAs and offer a transferable methodology for other high-temperature thermo-mechanical structures.
{"title":"Thermo-mechanical coupling in electrical penetration assembly: residual strain analysis with embedded FBG strain monitoring","authors":"Yizheng Sun , Weiming Zeng , Hengwei Shen , Tongyu Yao , He Yan , Yushan Chen , Wen Chen , Jing Liu , Zhichun Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glass-to-metal (GTM) seals are essential in Electrical Penetration Assemblies (EPAs) of nuclear power plants, where long-term hermeticity relies on residual stress generated by thermal expansion mismatch (Δ<em>α</em>). However, conventional models cannot capture the thermo-mechanical interactions and uneven residual stress fields that often induce sealing failure, making accurate prediction and monitoring a major challenge. In this study, a thermo-mechanical analytical framework incorporating interface shear–normal stress coupling, finite element modeling, and embedded fiber Bragg grating arrays was combined to achieve real-time three-dimensional strain monitoring during manufacturing and service processes. Results demonstrate that a controlled positive Δ<em>α</em> (8.46–12.73 × 10<sup>−6</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>) yields stable compressive stresses, whereas negative or insufficient Δ<em>α</em> induces cracking or hermetic degradation. Furthermore, thermal cycling experiments revealed progressive residual stress relaxation and structural stabilization of the glass. These findings provide practical guidelines for improving the sealing reliability of nuclear EPAs and offer a transferable methodology for other high-temperature thermo-mechanical structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114761"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114876
Wangfan Zhou , Tao Wang , Jun Chen , Haoyu Zhou , Gui Zhang , Enoch Asuako Larson , Yu Yang
Adhesive repair is essential for restoring the structural integrity and mechanical performance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) components. After extended service, repaired structures require the removal of the adhesive patches for secondary repair. This paper investigates the interfacial damage of CFRP bonded components under laser-induced shock waves. The results show that the damage of CFRP bonding interface under laser-induced shock wave is due to the local tensile stress exceeding the tensile strength of the interface. The magnitude of local tensile stress depends on the superposition of incident wave and reflected wave at the bonding interface. Increasing pulse energy and spot diameter intensifies damage at the adhesive interface and reduces the interfacial tensile strength. As CFRP thickness increases, the interlayer tensile stress decreases, and the bonding interface damage is correspondingly reduced. Increasing curvature enlarges the angle between the reflected and incident stress wave at the bonding interface and the back surface, resulting in the reduction of the damage. Applying a metallic constraint to the rear surface of the specimen reduces the magnitude of the reflected tensile stress, thereby mitigating interfacial damage. Conversely, when the rear surface is unconstrained, the reflected tensile stress is higher, resulting in more pronounced interfacial damage.
{"title":"Delamination mechanism of CFRP adhesive layer under laser-induced shock waves","authors":"Wangfan Zhou , Tao Wang , Jun Chen , Haoyu Zhou , Gui Zhang , Enoch Asuako Larson , Yu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adhesive repair is essential for restoring the structural integrity and mechanical performance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) components. After extended service, repaired structures require the removal of the adhesive patches for secondary repair. This paper investigates the interfacial damage of CFRP bonded components under laser-induced shock waves. The results show that the damage of CFRP bonding interface under laser-induced shock wave is due to the local tensile stress exceeding the tensile strength of the interface. The magnitude of local tensile stress depends on the superposition of incident wave and reflected wave at the bonding interface. Increasing pulse energy and spot diameter intensifies damage at the adhesive interface and reduces the interfacial tensile strength. As CFRP thickness increases, the interlayer tensile stress decreases, and the bonding interface damage is correspondingly reduced. Increasing curvature enlarges the angle between the reflected and incident stress wave at the bonding interface and the back surface, resulting in the reduction of the damage. Applying a metallic constraint to the rear surface of the specimen reduces the magnitude of the reflected tensile stress, thereby mitigating interfacial damage. Conversely, when the rear surface is unconstrained, the reflected tensile stress is higher, resulting in more pronounced interfacial damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114876"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114920
Jiayu Di , Zhenming Yu , Wei Zhang , Yanfeng Liu , Liang Lin , Jingyue Ma , Liming Cheng , Tongshuo Zhang , Ning Zhan , Yu Zhang , Kun Xu
Broadband hyperspectral imaging (HSI) enables rich spectral–spatial information acquisition for scientific analysis and cultural heritage preservation. However, compact HSI systems based on single-material metasurfaces are intrinsically bandwidth-limited because most materials offer high refractive index and low absorption only within narrow spectral windows, restricting phase coverage and transmission. In this work, we propose a bimaterial stitching metasurface–based snapshot HSI framework that integrates complementary SiN and Si nanofin regions to achieve efficient phase modulation across the 400–1000 nm range. Based on this 400–1000 nm modulation, we employ polarization multiplexing and end-to-end co-optimization to enable high-accuracy hyperspectral reconstruction. To demonstrate the bimaterial and polarization-multiplexing advantages of the proposed bimaterial metasurface design, we perform comparative studies against single-material (Si and SiN) and single-polarization counterparts. The hybrid Si–SiN structure provides enhanced spectral modulation diversity and more transmission across the 400–1000 nm range, enabling higher-fidelity reconstruction. Cross-dataset evaluation on both our captured in-door dataset and the public ICVL dataset confirms the robustness and generalization capability of the system beyond its training domain. The proposed approach reconstructs 61-channel hyperspectral images across the broadband visible–NIR spectrum, achieving significant improvements in PSNR and SSIM over comparison groups. Moreover, validation on museum manuscripts demonstrates the practical utility of broadband HSI and the robustness of our system. These results establish the bimaterial, polarization-multiplexed metasurface as a compact, high-fidelity solution for portable broadband hyperspectral imaging.
{"title":"End-to-End design of bimaterial stitching metasurface for snapshot broadband hyperspectral imaging","authors":"Jiayu Di , Zhenming Yu , Wei Zhang , Yanfeng Liu , Liang Lin , Jingyue Ma , Liming Cheng , Tongshuo Zhang , Ning Zhan , Yu Zhang , Kun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Broadband hyperspectral imaging (HSI) enables rich spectral–spatial information acquisition for scientific analysis and cultural heritage preservation. However, compact HSI systems based on single-material metasurfaces are intrinsically bandwidth-limited because most materials offer high refractive index and low absorption only within narrow spectral windows, restricting phase coverage and transmission. In this work, we propose a bimaterial stitching metasurface–based snapshot HSI framework that integrates complementary SiN and Si nanofin regions to achieve efficient phase modulation across the 400–1000 nm range. Based on this 400–1000 nm modulation, we employ polarization multiplexing and end-to-end co-optimization to enable high-accuracy hyperspectral reconstruction. To demonstrate the bimaterial and polarization-multiplexing advantages of the proposed bimaterial metasurface design, we perform comparative studies against single-material (Si and SiN) and single-polarization counterparts. The hybrid Si–SiN structure provides enhanced spectral modulation diversity and more transmission across the 400–1000 nm range, enabling higher-fidelity reconstruction. Cross-dataset evaluation on both our captured in-door dataset and the public ICVL dataset confirms the robustness and generalization capability of the system beyond its training domain. The proposed approach reconstructs 61-channel hyperspectral images across the broadband visible–NIR spectrum, achieving significant improvements in PSNR and SSIM over comparison groups. Moreover, validation on museum manuscripts demonstrates the practical utility of broadband HSI and the robustness of our system. These results establish the bimaterial, polarization-multiplexed metasurface as a compact, high-fidelity solution for portable broadband hyperspectral imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114920"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114940
Yuying Kang , Zhen Zhang , Zhisong Li
As a key component of the Mueller matrix ellipsometer within a dual-rotating compensator, the phase modulator ensures that alterations in the sample’s polarization state of incident light are fully mapped onto the final detection signal. This enables precise analysis of the sample’s polarization characteristics. However, depolarization effects caused by material dispersion characteristics or manufacturing defects in the compensator can significantly impact system parameter calibration as well as the measurement precision and accuracy of samples. To address this issue, This paper proposes a system model capable of effectively correcting the depolarization effect of compensators, and derives a Mueller matrix expression incorporating the depolarization factor based on this model. To validate the reliability of the proposed system model, experiments were conducted to calibrate system parameters, measure the film’s Mueller matrix, and determine film thickness. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to conventional methods, the system model proposed in this paper improves the accuracy of measuring the sample’s Mueller matrix by approximately 30% and enhances the precision of film thickness measurements by about 70%. Therefore, this study provides both theoretical and experimental support for optimizing the performance of the double-rotating compensator Mueller matrix ellipsometer, laying the foundation for its broader application in fields such as precision characterization of semiconductor materials and optical measurement of nanostructures.
{"title":"Modeling and application of compensator depolarization effects in Mueller matrix ellipsometer","authors":"Yuying Kang , Zhen Zhang , Zhisong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a key component of the Mueller matrix ellipsometer within a dual-rotating compensator, the phase modulator ensures that alterations in the sample’s polarization state of incident light are fully mapped onto the final detection signal. This enables precise analysis of the sample’s polarization characteristics. However, depolarization effects caused by material dispersion characteristics or manufacturing defects in the compensator can significantly impact system parameter calibration as well as the measurement precision and accuracy of samples. To address this issue, This paper proposes a system model capable of effectively correcting the depolarization effect of compensators, and derives a Mueller matrix expression incorporating the depolarization factor based on this model. To validate the reliability of the proposed system model, experiments were conducted to calibrate system parameters, measure the film’s Mueller matrix, and determine film thickness. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to conventional methods, the system model proposed in this paper improves the accuracy of measuring the sample’s Mueller matrix by approximately 30% and enhances the precision of film thickness measurements by about 70%. Therefore, this study provides both theoretical and experimental support for optimizing the performance of the double-rotating compensator Mueller matrix ellipsometer, laying the foundation for its broader application in fields such as precision characterization of semiconductor materials and optical measurement of nanostructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114940"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114937
Peize Xuan , Dan Zhang , Chuxuan Zhang , Jiarong Liang , Haowen Yang , Xingui Tang , Wei Zheng
In this work, β-Ga2O3/n-GaN heterojunctions modified with Pt nanoparticles (NPs) are fabricated via an in-situ thermal oxidation process. The performance of the resulting solar-blind ultraviolet (SBUV) photodetectors is enhanced by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of the Pt NPs. Under zero bias and 254 nm illumination, the device decorated with a high proportion (≥90.4%) of small-sized (diameter ≤ 80 nm) Pt NPs exhibits a higher responsivity (3.2 mA W⁻1) and a larger D* (8.7 × 1010 Jones) compare to the device without Pt NPs. As the proportion of larger-sized (> 80 nm) Pt NPs increases, charge redistribution is induced at the Pt/β-Ga2O3 interface, which strengthens the defect-related persistent photoconductivity (PPC) effect and switches the device operation from photovoltaic to photoconductive mode. Furthermore, the LSPR-enhanced β-Ga2O3/n-GaN heterojunction device realizes reconfigurable optoelectronic logic operations, including NOT, NAND, NOR, AND, and OR logic operations. This study provides an efficient approach for SBUV optoelectronic logic systems and lays the foundation for the development of low-power and highly integrated SBUV computing chips, showing great potential for advancing encrypted optical communication, multispectral imaging, and bioinspired sensing.
{"title":"Pt Nanoparticle–Decorated β-Ga2O3/n-GaN Solar–Blind UV photodetectors with enhanced photoresponse for reconfigurable optoelectronic logic gates","authors":"Peize Xuan , Dan Zhang , Chuxuan Zhang , Jiarong Liang , Haowen Yang , Xingui Tang , Wei Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, <em>β</em>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/n-GaN heterojunctions modified with Pt nanoparticles (NPs) are fabricated via an in-situ thermal oxidation process. The performance of the resulting solar-blind ultraviolet (SBUV) photodetectors is enhanced by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of the Pt NPs. Under zero bias and 254 nm illumination, the device decorated with a high proportion (≥90.4%) of small-sized (diameter ≤ 80 nm) Pt NPs exhibits a higher responsivity (3.2 mA W⁻<sup>1</sup>) and a larger <em>D*</em> (8.7 × 10<sup>10</sup> Jones) compare to the device without Pt NPs. As the proportion of larger-sized (> 80 nm) Pt NPs increases, charge redistribution is induced at the Pt/<em>β</em>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> interface, which strengthens the defect-related persistent photoconductivity (PPC) effect and switches the device operation from photovoltaic to photoconductive mode. Furthermore, the LSPR-enhanced <em>β</em>-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/n-GaN heterojunction device realizes reconfigurable optoelectronic logic operations, including NOT, NAND, NOR, AND, and OR logic operations. This study provides an efficient approach for SBUV optoelectronic logic systems and lays the foundation for the development of low-power and highly integrated SBUV computing chips, showing great potential for advancing encrypted optical communication, multispectral imaging, and bioinspired sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114937"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114943
He Li , Longjie Li , Xiao Shang , Yuan Wang , Yu Liu , Kaiping Zhang , Cheng Lu , Zhihong Yao , Shengchao Duan , Bin Li , Lina Shi
Dynamically tunable structural colorations are essential for modern application such as real-time dynamic display and large-scale optical imaging. Phase-change materials Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) offer a compelling platform for dynamic tunable structural colors, owing to their thermally switchable multilevel state, ultrafast optical response, and compatibility with CMOS process. However, it remained a challenging task to create dynamic tunable color pixels with large color gamut, angular insensitive, and suitable for large area preparation. Here, we present a simple strategy to realize dynamic tunable structural colors by controlling the state of GST and the ITO spacer. The proposed structure is realized by stacking ITO (indium-tin oxide) / GST /ITO on the top of the platinum (Pt) reflector in sequence, which possess simple fabrication process and suitable for large process scales. The continuous tunable structural color can be achieved and the angular independence of incident angle up to 53.1°. Further, we demonstrate electrically driven phase-change devices through the incorporation of a Pt microheater. The real-time and continuously tunable structural color by changing the applied voltage was experimentally demonstrated. This work represents a critical advance towards the development of fully integrable dynamic displays, future optical and optoelectronic devices.
{"title":"Tunable structural colors enabled by phase-change films","authors":"He Li , Longjie Li , Xiao Shang , Yuan Wang , Yu Liu , Kaiping Zhang , Cheng Lu , Zhihong Yao , Shengchao Duan , Bin Li , Lina Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamically tunable structural colorations are essential for modern application such as real-time dynamic display and large-scale optical imaging. Phase-change materials Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> (GST) offer a compelling platform for dynamic tunable structural colors, owing to their thermally switchable multilevel state, ultrafast optical response, and compatibility with CMOS process. However, it remained a challenging task to create dynamic tunable color pixels with large color gamut, angular insensitive, and suitable for large area preparation. Here, we present a simple strategy to realize dynamic tunable structural colors by controlling the state of GST and the ITO spacer. The proposed structure is realized by stacking ITO (indium-tin oxide) / GST /ITO on the top of the platinum (Pt) reflector in sequence, which possess simple fabrication process and suitable for large process scales. The continuous tunable structural color can be achieved and the angular independence of incident angle up to 53.1°. Further, we demonstrate electrically driven phase-change devices through the incorporation of a Pt microheater. The real-time and continuously tunable structural color by changing the applied voltage was experimentally demonstrated. This work represents a critical advance towards the development of fully integrable dynamic displays, future optical and optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114943"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114912
Bolun Ma , Qinfang Chen , Hu Wang , Yaoke Xue , Zhanpeng Ma , Jiawen Liu
Space gravitational wave detection requires highly sensitive capture of extremely weak gravitational wave signals, posing unprecedented challenges to the stability and noise suppression capabilities of telescope optical systems. As a critical component at the optical input of gravitational wave telescope, the surface properties of the baffle directly affect the distribution of stray light and the system’s sensitivity to weak signals. Based on a self-developed Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) measurement system, this paper systematically measured the surface scattering characteristics of three typical baffle materials in the visible and near-infrared bands, and deeply analyzed the influence of surface morphology, incident angle and wavelength on BRDF characteristics. In addition, based on the measured data, a BRDF mathematical model accurately characterizing the scattering behavior of materials was established, and its parameters were optimized using the simulated annealing algorithm. The research results not only provide essential data support for stray light ray-tracing calculations in baffle design but also offer important theoretical guidance for optimizing the optical systems and stray light suppression strategies of gravitational wave telescope.
空间引力波探测需要对极弱的引力波信号进行高灵敏度捕获，这对望远镜光学系统的稳定性和噪声抑制能力提出了前所未有的挑战。作为引力波望远镜光输入端的关键部件，折流板的表面特性直接影响杂散光的分布和系统对微弱信号的灵敏度。基于自主研发的双向反射分布函数（Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function， BRDF）测量系统，系统测量了三种典型挡流材料在可见光和近红外波段的表面散射特性，深入分析了表面形貌、入射角和波长对BRDF特性的影响。此外，基于实测数据，建立了准确表征材料散射行为的BRDF数学模型，并利用模拟退火算法对模型参数进行了优化。研究结果不仅为折流板设计中的杂散光追踪计算提供了必要的数据支持，而且为优化引力波望远镜光学系统和杂散光抑制策略提供了重要的理论指导。
{"title":"Measurement and modeling of BRDF for stray light suppression in gravitational wave telescope baffle surfaces","authors":"Bolun Ma , Qinfang Chen , Hu Wang , Yaoke Xue , Zhanpeng Ma , Jiawen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Space gravitational wave detection requires highly sensitive capture of extremely weak gravitational wave signals, posing unprecedented challenges to the stability and noise suppression capabilities of telescope optical systems. As a critical component at the optical input of gravitational wave telescope, the surface properties of the baffle directly affect the distribution of stray light and the system’s sensitivity to weak signals. Based on a self-developed Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) measurement system, this paper systematically measured the surface scattering characteristics of three typical baffle materials in the visible and near-infrared bands, and deeply analyzed the influence of surface morphology, incident angle and wavelength on BRDF characteristics. In addition, based on the measured data, a BRDF mathematical model accurately characterizing the scattering behavior of materials was established, and its parameters were optimized using the simulated annealing algorithm. The research results not only provide essential data support for stray light ray-tracing calculations in baffle design but also offer important theoretical guidance for optimizing the optical systems and stray light suppression strategies of gravitational wave telescope.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114912"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114880
Yuxin Chen , Jun Huang , Rongwei Yu , Zhibo Zhao , Yunfeng Rui , Kehong Wang
Through in vivo experiments on full-thickness skin wounds in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated with three repair methods—dual-laser, single-laser, and surgical suture—the dual-laser skin repair system was further refined. By employing immunofluorescence staining of fibroblasts and ELISA-based analysis of gene expression levels of fibroblast-related factors, the mechanism underlying the regulation of fibroblast factor secretion was revealed. It was observed that aggregated fibroblast secretion occurred in the wound area within 4–5 days after dual-laser treatment, followed by complete wound closure within 5–7 days and no collagen fibrosis within 21 days. The dual beam laser energy, while maintaining the same total output with single beam, was effectively partitioned and precisely controlled between the two beams to avoid localized high energy delivery and consequent additional thermal damage. This configuration enabled broad-area photothermal irradiation, substantially altering the wall-like structure of the dermal base and disrupted collagen on both sides of the wound rather than only the bottom of wound. These results validate the effectiveness of the dual-laser approach in enhancing healing speed and suppressing collagen fibrosis in live tissue. The study contributes to the methodology system for rapid skin wound repair, achieving accelerated healing while mitigating potential collagen fibrosis. Furthermore, the findings offer valuable insights for laser fusion techniques in other biological tissues.
{"title":"Revealing the mechanism of scar-minimizing skin wound repair by dual-beam laser","authors":"Yuxin Chen , Jun Huang , Rongwei Yu , Zhibo Zhao , Yunfeng Rui , Kehong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through in vivo experiments on full-thickness skin wounds in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated with three repair methods—dual-laser, single-laser, and surgical suture—the dual-laser skin repair system was further refined. By employing immunofluorescence staining of fibroblasts and ELISA-based analysis of gene expression levels of fibroblast-related factors, the mechanism underlying the regulation of fibroblast factor secretion was revealed. It was observed that aggregated fibroblast secretion occurred in the wound area within 4–5 days after dual-laser treatment, followed by complete wound closure within 5–7 days and no collagen fibrosis within 21 days. The dual beam laser energy, while maintaining the same total output with single beam, was effectively partitioned and precisely controlled between the two beams to avoid localized high energy delivery and consequent additional thermal damage. This configuration enabled broad-area photothermal irradiation, substantially altering the wall-like structure of the dermal base and disrupted collagen on both sides of the wound rather than only the bottom of wound. These results validate the effectiveness of the dual-laser approach in enhancing healing speed and suppressing collagen fibrosis in live tissue. The study contributes to the methodology system for rapid skin wound repair, achieving accelerated healing while mitigating potential collagen fibrosis. Furthermore, the findings offer valuable insights for laser fusion techniques in other biological tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114880"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114846
Zhiqiang Li, Zihao Zhang, Jiarui Wang, Xinghao Duan, Yang Zhang, Junli Wang
This study successfully demonstrates the generation of diverse noise-like pulses (NLPs) states, along with systematic investigation of the output characteristics of orthogonally polarized beams under different operational regimes. Stable single- and multi-peaked NLPs states were achieved. Notably, at the single-wavelength operation of 1021.4 nm, the laser delivered a direct average output power of 561 mW, corresponding to a repetition rate of 7.85 MHz. By adjusting the polarization controllers to tune the nonlinear transfer curve, the system demonstrates the evolution from multi-peaked NLPs to a broadband NLPs (B-NLPs), with the B-NLPs exhibiting a minimum coherent spike duration of 50.9 fs. Additionally, the realization of Q-switched NLPs operation achieved a 20-dB bandwidth of 425 nm, indicating remarkable supercontinuum generation capability. These switchable multi states facilitate flexible experimental observation and intracavity polarization analysis, thus establishing a universal platform for studying NLPs dynamics in fiber lasers.
{"title":"Generation and dynamics of high-energy, narrow-spike noise-like pulses with diverse states in an Yb-doped fiber laser","authors":"Zhiqiang Li, Zihao Zhang, Jiarui Wang, Xinghao Duan, Yang Zhang, Junli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study successfully demonstrates the generation of diverse noise-like pulses (NLPs) states, along with systematic investigation of the output characteristics of orthogonally polarized beams under different operational regimes. Stable single- and multi-peaked NLPs states were achieved. Notably, at the single-wavelength operation of 1021.4 nm, the laser delivered a direct average output power of 561 mW, corresponding to a repetition rate of 7.85 MHz. By adjusting the polarization controllers to tune the nonlinear transfer curve, the system demonstrates the evolution from multi-peaked NLPs to a broadband NLPs (B-NLPs), with the B-NLPs exhibiting a minimum coherent spike duration of 50.9 fs. Additionally, the realization of Q-switched NLPs operation achieved a 20-dB bandwidth of 425 nm, indicating remarkable supercontinuum generation capability. These switchable multi states facilitate flexible experimental observation and intracavity polarization analysis, thus establishing a universal platform for studying NLPs dynamics in fiber lasers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114846"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114893
Xing Mao , Xiaochen Wang , Quan Yang , Jingdong Li , Yanjie Zhang , Wenjun Gao , Yingying Meng
Laser ultrasonic technology was applied to nondestructively investigate microstructural evolution and predict yield strength in heat-treated TA2 titanium. A predictive model was established by linking ultrasonic attenuation coefficients to grain size, and then relating grain size to yield strength via the Hall–Petch relationship. Time-frequency analysis extracted key spectral parameters, including attenuation coefficients and energy distribution, effectively reflecting grain coarsening and phase transformation. Results indicate a strong correlation between ultrasonic attenuation, grain size, and yield strength. Air-cooled samples exhibited decreasing peak frequencies and narrowing energy bandwidths with prolonged annealing, whereas water-quenched samples maintained higher frequencies and broader bandwidths, indicating more stable microstructures. The laser ultrasonic inspection framework was validated under different cooling conditions, confirming its feasibility for laboratory-scale yield strength prediction. This study demonstrates the potential of laser ultrasonics as a nondestructive method for predicting mechanical properties in titanium alloys, using attenuation coefficients as a bridge through grain size to yield strength. Future work may focus on extending this approach to industrial heat treatment monitoring and process optimization, highlighting its promise for smart manufacturing applications.
{"title":"Non-Destructive yield strength evaluation of TA2 titanium by laser ultrasonics","authors":"Xing Mao , Xiaochen Wang , Quan Yang , Jingdong Li , Yanjie Zhang , Wenjun Gao , Yingying Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser ultrasonic technology was applied to nondestructively investigate microstructural evolution and predict yield strength in heat-treated TA2 titanium. A predictive model was established by linking ultrasonic attenuation coefficients to grain size, and then relating grain size to yield strength via the Hall–Petch relationship. Time-frequency analysis extracted key spectral parameters, including attenuation coefficients and energy distribution, effectively reflecting grain coarsening and phase transformation. Results indicate a strong correlation between ultrasonic attenuation, grain size, and yield strength. Air-cooled samples exhibited decreasing peak frequencies and narrowing energy bandwidths with prolonged annealing, whereas water-quenched samples maintained higher frequencies and broader bandwidths, indicating more stable microstructures. The laser ultrasonic inspection framework was validated under different cooling conditions, confirming its feasibility for laboratory-scale yield strength prediction. This study demonstrates the potential of laser ultrasonics as a nondestructive method for predicting mechanical properties in titanium alloys, using attenuation coefficients as a bridge through grain size to yield strength. Future work may focus on extending this approach to industrial heat treatment monitoring and process optimization, highlighting its promise for smart manufacturing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 114893"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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