Optics and Laser Technology最新文献_第7页

Integrated optical wireless positioning and multi-user communication based on petal-shift keying structured beams 基于花瓣移位键控结构波束的集成光无线定位与多用户通信

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114861

Haoyu Huang , Meixia Ma , You Wu , Syed Agha Hassnain Mohsan , Dongmei Deng , Qian Li , H.Y. Fu

To meet the ever-growing demands for the next-generation wireless network, integrated optical wireless positioning and communication (IOWPAC) technologies have emerged as viable solutions. However, in conventional systems, the exploration of two-dimensional (2D) spatial modes is insufficient to meet the capacity requirements and to realize multi-user communication. We propose an IOWPAC scheme with low-complexity algorithms, which is based on the petal-shift keying signals generated from the proposed real Olver-transformed vortex beam (ROTVB). The ROTVB forms a transverse, scalable 2D petal-lattice, where the spectral singularity creates azimuthal petals, while circular edge dislocations segment the intensity distribution into radial layers. In simulations, ROTVBs propagate with slight variance in field shapes after 100

m

, and their petals remain recognizable at 10

km

. Real-world environmental conditions and an obstacle are also emulated to examine the performance trends by typical metrics. In experiments, at 800

mm

, an average positioning error of 93.7

μ m

, and a bit error rate (BER) of

2.6 \times 10^{- 3}

are achieved at 8

bit / symbol

, at a constrained power. Single-channel error-free 84-

bit / symbol

communication is demonstrated at 100

mm

. More significantly, this system realizes multi-user communication with a user identification accuracy of 99.8% and a BER of

8.6 \times 10^{- 4}

, for which the scalability is discussed. An average positioning error of 78.9

μ m

and a BER of

1.0 \times 10^{- 2}

are synchronously measured at 600

mm

in the simultaneous-positioning-and-communication experiment. These results reveal the high accuracy in positioning and high capacity in communication and show the potential of the ROTVB for multi-user communication.

为了满足对下一代无线网络日益增长的需求，集成光无线定位与通信（IOWPAC）技术已经成为可行的解决方案。然而，在传统系统中，对二维（2D）空间模式的探索不足以满足容量需求和实现多用户通信。本文提出了一种基于花瓣移位键控信号的低复杂度IOWPAC方案，该方案由实际的olver -transform涡旋光束（ROTVB）产生。ROTVB形成了一个横向的、可扩展的二维花瓣晶格，其中光谱奇点创建了方位花瓣，而圆形边缘错位将强度分布分割成径向层。在模拟中，在100米后，ROTVBs在场的形状上有轻微的变化，在10公里时，它们的花瓣仍然可以识别。还模拟了真实环境条件和障碍物，通过典型指标检查性能趋势。实验中，在800mm处，在受限功率下，8 bit/symbol的平均定位误差为93.7 μm，误码率（BER）为2.6×10−3。单通道无错误84位/符号通信演示在100毫米。更重要的是，该系统实现了多用户通信，用户识别精度达到99.8%，误码率达到8.6×10−4，并对系统的可扩展性进行了讨论。在600 mm同步定位通信实验中测得平均定位误差为78.9 μm，误码率为1.0×10−2。这些结果表明，ROTVB具有定位精度高、通信容量大的特点，具有应用于多用户通信的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Structure-guided lensless reconstruction via physics-aware decomposition in low-light conditions 在弱光条件下通过物理感知分解的结构引导无透镜重建

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114856

Ziyang Liu , Tianjiao Zeng , Xu Zhan , Xiaoling Zhang , Yunqi Wang , Edmund Y. Lam

Lensless imaging is promising for miniature applications owing to its compact, lightweight, and low-cost design. However, reconstruction quality severely degrades under low-light conditions, where the pervasive interference between structural information and measurement residuals (e.g., noise and brightness variations) poses a critical challenge for existing methods to recover clean, high-fidelity details. To address this, our work fundamentally revisits the lensless measurement paradigm, introducing a novel structure-guided model for low-light lensless imaging that embeds an explicit structure–residual decomposition within the forward process. This formulation breaks with the convention of holistic scene treatment by redefining the scene as a combination of intrinsic structural and residual components, enabling precise and targeted component-wise processing to achieve enhanced fidelity and noise reduction. Building on this model, we develop a two-stage physics-aware reconstruction approach: (1) a multilevel, multiscale extraction module embedded with the forward model initially extracts the components from the measurements, reducing noise impact on the structure through feature extraction across multiple scales and levels; (2) conditional diffusion modules, trained bidirectionally for stability, refine structures and optimize residuals generatively to boost detail recovery before fusion. Experiments on low-light datasets from our custom lensless camera (22,000 images with phase/amplitude masks) show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both objective assessments and visual inspection, validating its advantages in denoising, structural fidelity, and overall image quality.

无透镜成像由于其紧凑、轻便和低成本的设计，在微型应用中前景广阔。然而，在低光条件下，重建质量严重下降，其中结构信息和测量残差（例如噪声和亮度变化）之间普遍存在干扰，对现有方法恢复干净，高保真细节提出了严峻挑战。为了解决这个问题，我们的工作从根本上重新审视了无透镜测量范式，引入了一种新的结构引导模型，用于低光无透镜成像，该模型在前向过程中嵌入了明确的结构残余分解。这种配方打破了整体场景处理的惯例，将场景重新定义为内在结构和残余组件的组合，从而实现精确和有针对性的组件明智处理，以实现增强的保真度和降噪。在此模型的基础上，我们开发了一种两阶段的物理感知重建方法：(1)嵌入正演模型的多层次、多尺度提取模块首先从测量中提取成分，通过跨多尺度和水平的特征提取来减少噪声对结构的影响；(2)条件扩散模块，双向训练的稳定性，细化结构和生成优化残差，以提高融合前的细节恢复。在我们定制的无透镜相机（22,000张带有相位/振幅掩模的图像）的低光数据集上进行的实验表明，我们的方法在客观评估和视觉检查方面都优于最先进的方法，验证了其在去噪、结构保真度和整体图像质量方面的优势。

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引用次数: 0

Balloon-Shaped Mach-Zehnder fiber sensor functionalized with CS-PMAA for trace Cr(VI) detection in water CS-PMAA功能化球形Mach-Zehnder光纤传感器用于水中痕量Cr（VI）的检测

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114905

Jingkun Shi , Wenlong Yang , Yuanyuan Ren , Yu Wang , Liuyang Zhang , Shuang Yu , Rui Pan , Dong Yan , Wenjie Zhao

A highly sensitive, selective, and reproducible optical fiber sensor based on a balloon-shaped multimode fiber (MMF)-dual-core fiber (DCF)-multimode fiber (MMF) (balloon-shaped MDM) structure was proposed for the detection of trace hexavalent chromium ions (Cr(VI), in the form of dichromate (Cr₂O₇^2-)) in water. A chitosan-polymethacrylic acid (CS-PMAA) composite film was applied to the sensing region of the fiber, serving as the functional layer of the sensor, which enables strong and specific adsorption of Cr(VI) ions. The refractive index (RI) of the sensing region would be changed by environmental variation during adsorption and desorption processes of the film, resulting in a measurable shift in the interference spectra. Experimental results demonstrate a detection range of 0–50 ppb, a high sensitivity of 0.116 nm/ppb and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.59 ppb. Furthermore, the sensor also exhibits excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and stability in complex water environment, and its performance was successfully validated in real water samples (tap and river water) with recovery rates ranging from 95.10% to 104.87%. This work proposed a compact and effective optical fiber sensing method for real-time, in-situ, and ultra-trace monitoring of Cr(VI) ions in environmental water samples.

提出了一种基于球囊型多模光纤(MMF)-双芯光纤(DCF)-多模光纤（MMF）（球囊型MDM）结构的高灵敏度、选择性和可重复性光纤传感器，用于检测水中痕量六价铬离子(Cr(VI)，以重铬酸盐（Cr2O72-）的形式存在。将壳聚糖-聚甲基丙烯酸（CS-PMAA）复合膜应用于纤维的传感区域，作为传感器的功能层，对Cr（VI）离子具有很强的特异性吸附能力。在膜的吸附和解吸过程中，环境的变化会改变传感区的折射率（RI），导致干涉光谱发生可测量的位移。实验结果表明，检测范围为0 ~ 50 ppb，灵敏度为0.116 nm/ppb，低检出限（LOD）为0.59 ppb。此外，该传感器在复杂的水环境中也表现出良好的选择性、重现性和稳定性，并在自来水和河水的实际水样中成功验证了其性能，回收率为95.10% ~ 104.87%。本文提出了一种紧凑有效的光纤传感方法，用于环境水样中Cr（VI）离子的实时、原位和超痕量监测。

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引用次数: 0

Fiber-array beamforming and modulation scheme with hybrid switching techniques for U2G-free space optical communication 基于混合交换技术的无u2g空间光通信光纤阵列波束形成和调制方案

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114787

Tanzeel Ur Rahman , Guijun Li , Farman Ali , Adnan Daud Khan , Akhtar Rehman , Zhengbiao Ouyang , Haleem Afsar , Ali Alshamrani , Mardeni Roslee

Free-space optical (FSO) communication is essential for high-speed, long-range data transmission, particularly in UAV-to-ground (U2G) communication systems. However, existing FSO systems face critical challenges, including beam misalignment due to UAV movement, turbulence-induced signal degradation, and inefficient modulation schemes that fail to adapt dynamically to changing atmospheric conditions. Current solutions, such as mechanical beam tracking systems and conventional phased arrays, suffer from high complexity, limited scalability, and suboptimal energy efficiency, making them less suitable for U2G operations. Additionally, existing adaptive modulation schemes lack robustness in severe turbulence, leading to increased bit error rates and reduced system performance. This study proposes a Fiber-Array Beamforming and Modulation Scheme with Hybrid Switching Standards for enhanced U2G-FSO communication to address these challenges. The proposed system integrates a photodiode-based fiber-array antenna with a polymer-based nanophotonic optical phased array (OPA) to achieve precise beamforming and automatic misalignment correction. A hybrid switching standard is implemented to adjust the modulation format dynamically based on real-time turbulence variations, optimizing signal integrity and spectral efficiency. The research methodology includes mathematical modeling for phase optimization, experimental validation of beam steering performance, and turbulence-aware simulations to assess system adaptability. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves a 3-dB beamwidth reduction of 8.5

^{\circ}

, a beam steering range of 20

^{\circ}

, and a 10 dB increase in power output, significantly improving signal robustness in turbulent atmospheric conditions. The hybrid switching mechanism effectively reduces SNR switching threshold deviation from conventional values, allowing for seamless modulation transitions and improved link stability.

自由空间光（FSO）通信对于高速、远程数据传输至关重要，特别是在无人机对地（U2G）通信系统中。然而，现有的FSO系统面临着严峻的挑战，包括无人机运动引起的波束失调、湍流引起的信号退化以及无法动态适应不断变化的大气条件的低效调制方案。目前的解决方案，如机械波束跟踪系统和传统的相控阵，都存在高复杂性、有限的可扩展性和不理想的能源效率，使它们不太适合U2G操作。此外，现有的自适应调制方案在严重湍流中缺乏鲁棒性，导致误码率增加和系统性能降低。本研究提出了一种具有混合交换标准的光纤阵列波束形成和调制方案，用于增强U2G-FSO通信，以应对这些挑战。该系统集成了基于光电二极管的光纤阵列天线和基于聚合物的纳米光子光学相控阵（OPA），以实现精确的波束形成和自动纠偏。实现了一种基于实时湍流变化动态调整调制格式的混合切换标准，优化了信号完整性和频谱效率。研究方法包括相位优化的数学建模、波束导向性能的实验验证以及评估系统适应性的湍流感知仿真。实验结果表明，该系统的波束宽度减小了8.5°，波束转向范围为20°，输出功率增加了10 dB，显著提高了信号在湍流大气条件下的鲁棒性。混合开关机制有效地降低了信噪比开关阈值与常规值的偏差，允许无缝调制转换和提高链路稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

High-performance humidity and pressure sensor based on STMS fiber structure coated with Ca-alginate hydrogel 基于海藻酸钙水凝胶包覆STMS纤维结构的高性能温湿度传感器

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114820

Jiachen Guo , Benyu Zhang , Zhifang Xu , Lina Bi , Shuang Li , Yueyan Shi , Liang Zhou , Shiqing Zhou , Jiaqi Zhang

This work presents an experimental demonstration of a high-sensitivity optical fiber sensor based on a calcium alginate (CaAlg)-functionalized single mode–tapered multimode–single mode (STMS) structure for humidity and pressure monitoring. By employing a tapered multimode fiber (TMF) to enhance the interaction with the evanescent field and integrating a biocompatible CaAlg film with excellent hygroscopic properties, the sensor achieves high sensitivity for detecting both humidity and pressure. The sensor demonstrates a humidity sensitivity of 0.315 dBm/%RH in optical power and 0.225 nm/%RH in wavelength shift over the 30 %–70 % RH range, with response and recovery times of 0.42 s and 0.2 s, respectively. For pressure sensing, the sensor exhibits an ultra-high sensitivity of 91.48 dBm/kPa within the 0–0.25 kPa range. Additionally, the sensor was tested at 50 % and 70 % RH for 120 min, with standard deviations of 0.2622 and 0.6327, respectively. The relative error at most only 0.0067 indicating the sensor’s high repeatability and reliability. The fabrication process is simple, environmentally friendly, and suitable for health monitoring applications. This work presents a promising approach for the development of multifunctional, miniaturized, and high-resolution fiber-optic sensors, with potential applications in wearable devices, healthcare monitoring, and soft robotics.

本文提出了一种基于海藻酸钙（CaAlg）功能化单模-锥形多模-单模（STMS）结构的高灵敏度光纤传感器的实验演示，用于湿度和压力监测。通过采用锥形多模光纤（TMF）增强与倏逝场的相互作用，并集成具有优异吸湿性能的生物相容性CaAlg薄膜，该传感器实现了对湿度和压力的高灵敏度检测。在30% ~ 70% RH范围内，该传感器的光功率和波长位移的湿度灵敏度分别为0.315 dBm/%RH和0.225 nm/%RH，响应时间和恢复时间分别为0.42 s和0.2 s。压力传感器在0 ~ 0.25 kPa范围内具有91.48 dBm/kPa的超高灵敏度。此外，传感器在50%和70% RH下测试120分钟，标准偏差分别为0.2622和0.6327。相对误差最高仅为0.0067，表明该传感器具有较高的重复性和可靠性。制造过程简单，环保，适合健康监测应用。这项工作为开发多功能、小型化和高分辨率光纤传感器提供了一种有前途的方法，在可穿戴设备、医疗监测和软机器人中具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of Hot–Cold thermal balance control in Water-Jet-Guided laser machining of NdFeB permanent magnets 水导激光加工钕铁硼永磁体的冷热平衡控制机理

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114879

Ping Huang , Guanghui Zhang , Zhichuang Chen , Xinping He , Qingan Lu , Yuxing Huang , Hui Jiao , Tanggao Feng , Yuhong Long

Owing to the high thermal sensitivity of NdFeB, simultaneously achieving a high material removal rate (MRR) and a low heat-affected zone (HAZ) remains challenging. This study employs water-jet-guided laser (WJGL) machining and develops an integrated hot–cold thermal balance control framework that couples multiphysics simulation, a data-driven surrogate model, and multi-objective optimization. The simulations reveal a V-shaped surface water-flow profile: intensified convection at the periphery suppresses thermal diffusion, while the core region—experiencing relatively low flow velocity—maintains temperatures near the vaporization threshold to sustain efficient ablation, thereby enabling spatially coordinated hot–cold regulation. A small-sample surrogate based on Gaussian process regression is combined with NSGA-II to compute the Pareto front, yielding a representative optimum with HAZ of 39.79 μm and MRR of 3.44 mm² s⁻¹. Temperature-field analysis confirms that this parameter set preserves near-threshold vaporization in the core to secure efficiency, while constraining lateral thermal spread. The proposed approach provides a rigorous pathway for the coordinated optimization of low thermal damage and high efficiency in WJGL machining of thermally sensitive materials.

由于钕铁硼的高热敏性，同时实现高材料去除率（MRR）和低热影响区（HAZ）仍然是一个挑战。本研究采用水射流制导激光（WJGL）加工技术，开发了一个集成的热冷平衡控制框架，该框架结合了多物理场仿真、数据驱动代理模型和多目标优化。模拟结果显示地表水流呈v形分布：外围对流增强抑制热扩散，而核心区域流速相对较低，温度维持在蒸发阈值附近，以维持有效消融，从而实现空间协调的冷热调节。将基于高斯过程回归的小样本代理模型与NSGA-II相结合，计算出具有代表性的最优HAZ为39.79 μm， MRR为3.44 mm2 s毒毒图。温度场分析证实，该参数设置保持了岩心中接近阈值的汽化，以确保效率，同时限制了横向热扩散。该方法为热敏性材料WJGL加工的低热损伤和高效率协调优化提供了严格的途径。

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引用次数: 0

A graphene-dispersion-filled capillary fiber as a disordered medium for C-band random laser generation 石墨烯弥散填充毛细管光纤作为c波段随机激光产生的无序介质

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114885

Xingpeng Fei , Wei He , Shaode Li , Chao Wang , Yue Sui

Random fiber lasers (RFLs), distinguished by their cavity-free architecture and low coherence, hold vast application prospects in optical communication, sensing, and disordered photonics. Conventional RFLs relying on Rayleigh scattering demand extended cavities due to weak feedback, whereas grating-array-based systems are structurally intricate and expensive. These limitations constrain the compactness and efficiency of these systems. To mitigate this challenge, a liquid random laser utilizing a graphene-dispersion-filled capillary fiber is proposed. Two-dimensional graphene dispersed within the hollow core creates a high-density disordered scattering pathway, enabling high-performance random lasing in the C-band. With a graphene concentration of 1.0 mg/mL and an infusion length of 4 cm, the system achieves optimal performance. The lasing threshold measures approximately 58 mW, with an OSNR of 31.16 dB and a near-resolution-limited linewidth on the order of 0.05 nm. Output power displays an exceptional linear correlation on pump power (R² > 0.99), indicating stable, continuous emission. Both the spectral and power outputs maintain temporal stability without mode hopping or significant fluctuations, validating cavity-free random lasing behavior. Furthermore, vibration experiments demonstrate that graphene dispersion exerts a profound influence on scattering feedback, showcasing reversible control over disordered feedback strength. This work illustrates that a liquid two-dimensional graphene medium can establish an efficient feedback pathway for stable, low-threshold random lasing, paving a viable path toward compact RFLs and reconfigurable disordered photonic platforms.

随机光纤激光器（RFLs）以其无腔结构和低相干性的特点，在光通信、传感和无序光子学等领域有着广阔的应用前景。传统的基于瑞利散射的RFLs由于反馈弱，需要扩展腔体，而基于光栅阵列的系统结构复杂且昂贵。这些限制限制了这些系统的紧凑性和效率。为了缓解这一挑战，提出了一种利用石墨烯分散体填充毛细管光纤的液体随机激光器。分散在空心核心内的二维石墨烯创建了高密度无序散射路径，实现了c波段的高性能随机激光。当石墨烯浓度为1.0 mg/mL，注射长度为4 cm时，该系统达到最佳性能。激光阈值约为58 mW， OSNR为31.16 dB，线宽接近分辨率限制，约为0.05 nm。输出功率与泵功率呈显著的线性相关（R2 > 0.99），表明发射稳定、连续。光谱和功率输出都保持时间稳定性，没有模式跳变或显著波动，验证了无腔随机激光行为。此外，振动实验表明，石墨烯分散对散射反馈具有深远的影响，对无序反馈强度具有可逆控制。这项工作表明，液态二维石墨烯介质可以为稳定的低阈值随机激光建立有效的反馈途径，为紧凑型rfl和可重构无序光子平台铺平了可行的道路。

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引用次数: 0

Achieving exceptional strength-toughness synergy in aluminum/copper welded joint by coaxial infrared-blue hybrid laser 利用同轴红外-蓝混合激光在铝/铜焊接接头中实现卓越的强度-韧性协同效应

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114739

Tian Li , Mingjun Zhang , Wang Zeng , Longzhou Dai , Bo Cheng , Ying Niu , Qiang Guo , Kaiming Wang , Heqing Li , Xiang Wu , Xiaochun Liu , Rong Huang

For the problem of low energy coupling efficiency and weak interface bonding strength in aluminum-copper laser welding, a novel infrared-blue hybrid laser technology was adopted to conduct research on aluminum/copper lap welding. The synergistic enhancement mechanism of joint strength and toughness was revealed by combination of in-situ tensile test in SEM and theoretical calculations. The results showed that the increase of molten depth and the shape of root-like structure were closely related to the energy density of the infrared-blue hybrid laser, which indirectly confirmed the promoting effect of blue laser on the energy absorption of the infrared laser. Under the appropriate blue laser irradiation, the combined effect of the Marangoni effect and recoil pressure suppressed the diffusion behavior of Cu elements, thereby effectively improving the microstructure uniformity within the molten pool. The enhancement of Al/Cu interfacial bonding strength was attributed to the dislocation strengthening and grain refinement strengthening at the interface, while the migration of cracks into the copper matrix during in-situ tensile process was due to the driving effect of the root-like molten pool, and the deformation strengthening in the copper matrix further compensated the toughness of the joint. The molten pool microstructure formed under blue laser assistance not only enhanced the joint’s strength and toughness, but also was beneficial for improving the electrical conductivity of the joint. Among them, the maximum shear tensile strength and toughness of the joint were increased by 29.4% and 24.2%, respectively.

针对铝铜激光焊接存在的能量耦合效率低、界面结合强度弱的问题，采用一种新型红外-蓝色混合激光技术对铝铜搭接焊接进行了研究。通过SEM现场拉伸试验和理论计算相结合，揭示了接头强度和韧性的协同增强机制。结果表明，熔深的增加和根状结构的形状与红外-蓝混合激光的能量密度密切相关，间接证实了蓝色激光对红外激光能量吸收的促进作用。在适当的蓝色激光照射下，马兰戈尼效应和反冲压力的联合作用抑制了Cu元素的扩散行为，从而有效地改善了熔池内微观组织的均匀性。Al/Cu界面结合强度的增强是由于界面处的位错强化和晶粒细化强化，而原位拉伸过程中裂纹向铜基体的迁移是由于根状熔池的驱动作用，铜基体中的变形强化进一步补偿了接头的韧性。在蓝光辅助下形成的熔池组织不仅提高了接头的强度和韧性，而且有利于提高接头的导电性。其中，接头的最大抗剪强度和韧性分别提高了29.4%和24.2%。

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引用次数: 0

Laser-induced plasma ignition and combustion characteristics for advective NH3/H2/Air mixtures with constant velocity 等速平流NH3/H2/空气混合物激光诱导等离子体点火及燃烧特性

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114877

Junjie Zhang, Erjiang Hu, Zihao Chen, Geyuan Yin, Zuohua Huang

Based on the advection flow combustion platform, this study conducted laser ignition experiments on NH₃/H₂/Air premixed gases under different equivalence ratios (ϕ) and hydrogen blending ratios (α) with the velocity of 1 m/s, analyzing key results such as minimum ignition energy (MIE), flame development area, flame front velocity, and flame centroid. To enhance the optical relevance of this study, a precisely controlled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser system and high-speed optical diagnostics were employed to characterize the ignition process and intrinsic flame luminosity. The results demonstrate that increasing the α effectively reduces MIE, with this effect being more pronounced in lean mixtures. As the α increases, the ϕ corresponding to the minimum MIE shifts toward leaner conditions. Richer mixtures with higher hydrogen blending ratios significantly accelerate flame development, resulting in greater maximum flame areas and flame front velocities. However, excessively high hydrogen blending ratios can induce flame oscillation, altering the flow state in the combustion chamber and causing random variations in combustion parameters. This study further reveals, through optical measurements, that these oscillations are accompanied by fluctuations in flame morphology and luminous intensity, indicating a coupling between optical emission characteristics and unsteady combustion. The formation and development of the third-lobe flame kernel during laser ignition influence the initial trend of the flame centroid and hydrogen blending effectively mitigates the upward movement of ammonia flames, particularly in lean mixtures, although this improvement diminishes as the α continues to increase in this platform. Changes in MIE, flame front velocity, and flame centroid indicate that the benefits of hydrogen addition are more pronounced in leaner mixtures, to ensure both stable laser ignition and efficient combustion, this study recommends limiting the hydrogen blending ratio in advective NH₃/H₂/Air mixtures to no more than 10 % in advective flow combustion platform.

基于平流燃烧平台，对速度为1 m/s的NH3/H2/Air预混气体在不同等效比（φ）和混氢比（α）下进行激光点火实验，分析最小点火能量（MIE）、火焰发展面积、火焰锋面速度、火焰质心等关键结果。为了增强本研究的光学相关性，采用精确控制调q Nd:YAG激光系统和高速光学诊断来表征点火过程和固有火焰亮度。结果表明，增加α能有效降低MIE，且在瘦肉混合料中效果更为明显。随着α的增加，与最小MIE相对应的ϕ向更精简的条件移动。氢混合比越高，混合越丰富，火焰发展速度越快，最大火焰面积越大，火焰前缘速度越快。然而，过高的掺氢比例会引起火焰振荡，改变燃烧室内的流动状态，导致燃烧参数的随机变化。本研究通过光学测量进一步揭示，这些振荡伴随着火焰形态和发光强度的波动，表明光学发射特性与不稳定燃烧之间存在耦合。激光点火过程中第三叶火焰核的形成和发展影响了火焰质心的初始趋势，氢的混合有效地减缓了氨火焰的向上运动，特别是在稀薄混合物中，尽管这种改善随着α的继续增加而减弱。MIE、火焰前速度和火焰质心的变化表明，在稀薄混合气中加氢的好处更为明显，为了保证激光点火的稳定和高效燃烧，本研究建议在平流燃烧平台中，将平流NH3/H2/Air混合气中的加氢比例限制在不超过10%。

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引用次数: 0

Performance analysis of Laser-Ablated Triple-Junction solar cells using spectral response properties 利用光谱响应特性分析激光烧蚀三结太阳能电池的性能

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114868

Wei Guo, Jifei Ye, Hao Chang, Chenghao Yu, Sai Li, Hongjie Kong

This study investigates the effects of pulsed laser irradiation (532 nm and 1064 nm) on the performance of GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells and their subcells. The analysis was conducted through electroluminescence (EL) characterization and electrical performance testing. The results reveal that lasers of different wavelengths induce distinct damage patterns in the multi-junction solar cells. The unique spectral response characteristics of each subcell cause this effect. The 532 nm laser is primarily absorbed by the GaInP top cell, leading to its initial performance degradation and influence on red-light emission capability. The 1064 nm laser penetrates to the GaInP top cell, directly damaging the GaAs and Ge layers, which causes their performance to decline and influences the infrared light emission capability. As the laser energy density increases, the extent of cell damage intensifies, and the subcells lose their luminescence and photoelectric conversion capabilities. This research reveals the wavelength-dependent damage mechanisms of lasers in multi-junction solar cells. It provides a reference for the reliability assessment and protective design of solar cells for space applications.

研究了脉冲激光辐照（532 nm和1064 nm）对GaInP/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池及其亚电池性能的影响。通过电致发光（EL）表征和电性能测试进行分析。结果表明，不同波长的激光在多结太阳能电池中产生不同的损伤模式。每个亚细胞独特的光谱响应特性导致了这种效果。532 nm的激光主要被GaInP顶层电池吸收，导致其初始性能下降并影响红光发射能力。1064 nm激光穿透到GaInP顶层电池，直接破坏GaAs和Ge层，导致其性能下降，影响其红外发射能力。随着激光能量密度的增大，细胞损伤程度加剧，亚细胞失去发光和光电转换能力。本研究揭示了激光在多结太阳能电池中随波长变化的损伤机理。为空间应用太阳能电池的可靠性评估和防护设计提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0