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Red urine syndrome in dromedary camels: Clinical, etiological, hematobiochemical sonographic, and pathologic findings. 单峰骆驼红尿综合征:临床、病因学、血液生化声像图和病理学发现。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.35
Mohamed Tharwat, Hazem M M Elmoghazy, Tariq I Almundarij

Background: Although blood urine is frequently observed in dromedary camels, little attention is gained and only it was reported as case reports.

Aim: This study was carried out to examine dromedary camels suffering from red urine syndrome from the points of clinical, etiological, hematobiochemical, ultrasonographic, and pathological characteristics.

Methods: Thirty-one camels with red urine and fifteen controls were enrolled. With a duration ranging from five days to nine months, clinical manifestations included weakness, red discoloration of the urine, dribbling of urine, straining during urination, and abdominal pain. Blood was sampled in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and plain tubes.

Results: The urine red color intensity was marked in 23 camels. In five camels discolored red urine was moderate while red urine was voided intermittently in the remaining three camels. The wide stance of the hind legs and pain reactions during urination were recorded in 18 camels. In all 31 camels, urine samples were centrifuged and sedimentation of red deposits was found. Nephrolithiasis was detected in three animals. One female camel had bilateral hydronephrosis. Hyperechoic urine was imaged within the renal pelvis in seven camels. In addition, hypoechoic fluid was imaged within the peritoneal cavity in 8 animals. A ruptured and collapsed urinary bladder was found in two male camels. In addition, bilateral pyelonephritis was found in another male camel. Abscessation of the left and right kidneys confirmed by ultrasound-guided aspiration was confirmed in 3 and 2 females, respectively. Peri-renal abscessation of the right kidney was detected in a female camel. A large, misshaped hypoechoic mass involving the right kidney was found in 1 female. A large mass king neoplasia was also imaged in a female camel distal to and compressing the left kidney, which proved histologically to be a leiomyoma. Moderate to severe thickening and corrugation of the urinary bladder mucosa were detected in 18 of the diseased camels.

Conclusion: This study's syndrome of red urine in camels resulted mainly from hematuria. The existing etiologies were nephrolithiasis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, peri-renal and renal abscessation, and renal neoplasia. Ultrasonography was superior in assessing the renal parenchyma and urinary bladder for the verification of the existing nephrolithiasis, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, peri-renal and renal abscessation, cystitis, and ruptured or perforated bladder.

背景:目的:本研究从临床、病因学、血液生化学、超声波和病理学特征等方面对患有红尿综合征的单峰骆驼进行研究:方法:选取 31 头患有红尿症的骆驼和 15 头对照组骆驼。病程从五天到九个月不等,临床表现包括虚弱、尿液变红、滴尿、排尿费力和腹痛。用乙二胺四乙酸和普通试管采血:结果:23 头骆驼的尿液呈明显的红色。结果:23 头骆驼的尿液呈明显的红色,其中 5 头骆驼的红色尿液呈中度变色,其余 3 头骆驼的红色尿液呈间歇性排出。有 18 头骆驼在排尿时后腿站立过宽并出现疼痛反应。对所有 31 头骆驼的尿样进行离心,发现有红色沉淀物。三头骆驼被检测出患有肾炎。一只母骆驼患有双侧肾积水。7 只骆驼的肾盂内出现高回声尿液。此外,8 只骆驼的腹腔内出现低回声液体。两头雄驼的膀胱破裂并塌陷。此外,另一头雄驼还发现了双侧肾盂肾炎。经超声波引导抽吸证实,3 头母骆驼和 2 头母骆驼的左肾和右肾分别出现脓肿。在一头母骆驼身上发现了右肾周围脓肿。在 1 只雌骆驼的右肾中发现了一个巨大、形状不规则的低回声肿块。在一只母骆驼的左肾远端还发现了一个巨大的肿块,压迫左肾,组织学证明这是一个肾小肌瘤。18 只患病骆驼的膀胱粘膜出现了中度到严重的增厚和皱褶:本研究中的骆驼红尿综合征主要由血尿引起。现有的病因包括肾炎、膀胱炎、肾盂肾炎、肾周脓肿和肾肿瘤。超声波检查在评估肾实质和膀胱以核实是否存在肾结石、肾积水、肾盂肾炎、肾周和肾脓肿、膀胱炎以及膀胱破裂或穿孔方面更具优势。
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引用次数: 0
Critical key points for anesthesia in experimental research involving sheep (Ovis aries). 绵羊(Ovis aries)实验研究中麻醉的关键要点。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.2
Ruxandra Costea, Tiberiu Iancu, Alexandru Duțulescu, Cătălin Nicolae, Florin Leau, Ruxandra Pavel

Anesthesia and analgesia have a major impact on ensuring animal welfare and safety, resulting in reduced stress response and effective pain control, ensuring the comfort of the animal, promoting faster recovery, and reducing the risk of complications associated with various research procedures. Each stage of anesthesia in sheep is vital for maintaining the animal's welfare, ensuring procedural success, minimizing stress, risks, and complications, and optimizing the quality of research data. Proper attention to detail and adherence to best practices at each stage contribute to the overall success of anesthesia management in sheep. Anesthesia protocols should suit individual requirements for each sheep, in light of factors such as health status, procedure duration, and desired anesthesia depth. Meticulous monitoring, adherence to best practices, and prompt intervention are essential for minimizing the risks of complications during sheep anesthesia and ensuring the safety and welfare of the animals undergoing anesthesia for research purposes. This article presents the main key points that can improve anesthetic management for sheep involved in experimental research to minimize stress response and complications, enhancing animal safety, welfare, and comfort during and after procedures. Multimodal anesthesia approaches ensure effective pain relief, tailored to the specific needs of individual animals or procedures, optimizing outcomes, and minimizing risks. Anesthesia management contributes to improved research data collection under conditions that enhance the validity and reliability of results. Sheep's impressive capacity to maintain homeostasis even during extended periods of anesthesia highlights the critical importance of upholding data quality in alignment with the universally accepted principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement for ethical animal research. By adhering to these principles, researchers can minimize the number of animals used, reduce any potential discomfort or distress experienced by the animals, and refine procedures to optimize animal welfare while still achieving scientific objectives.

麻醉和镇痛对确保动物福利和安全有重大影响,可减少应激反应和有效控制疼痛,确保动物舒适,促进更快恢复,并降低与各种研究程序相关的并发症风险。绵羊麻醉的每个阶段对于维护动物福利、确保手术成功、最大限度地减少应激反应、风险和并发症以及优化研究数据质量都至关重要。在每个阶段适当注意细节并遵守最佳操作规范有助于绵羊麻醉管理的整体成功。麻醉方案应根据健康状况、手术持续时间和所需麻醉深度等因素,满足每只绵羊的不同要求。缜密的监测、最佳实践的坚持和及时的干预对于最大限度地降低绵羊麻醉期间并发症的风险以及确保为研究目的而接受麻醉的动物的安全和福利至关重要。本文介绍了可改善实验研究绵羊麻醉管理的要点,以最大限度地减少应激反应和并发症,提高动物在手术过程中和手术后的安全性、福利性和舒适性。多模式麻醉方法可确保有效镇痛,满足个别动物或手术的特定需求,优化结果并将风险降至最低。麻醉管理有助于在提高结果有效性和可靠性的条件下改进研究数据的收集。绵羊即使在长时间麻醉的情况下仍能保持体内平衡,这种令人印象深刻的能力凸显了按照普遍接受的更换、减少和改进原则来维护数据质量对于动物研究伦理的极端重要性。通过遵守这些原则,研究人员可以最大限度地减少使用动物的数量,减少动物可能经历的任何不适或痛苦,并改进程序以优化动物福利,同时还能实现科学目标。
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引用次数: 0
First molecular phylogeny of Bartonella bovis in Iraqi cattle. 伊拉克牛巴氏杆菌的首次分子系统发育。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.24
Mithal K A Al-Hassani, Hadaf Mahdi Kadhim, Ahlam Ali Soghi Al-Galebi, Hasanain A J Gharban

Background: Bartonella bovis is one of the most neglected fastidious intracellular bacterial pathogens that infect a wide range of wild and domestic animals, including cattle.

Aim: Detection of the prevalence of B. bovis in cattle using molecular assay, identification of the relationship of infection to animal risk factors (age and sex), and sequencing of B. bovis isolates to be analyzed phylogenetically and reported in the National Centre For Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

Methods: A total of 290 cattle were selected randomly from different rural areas in Wasit province from September to December (2023), and subjected to collecting venous blood samples that were tested molecularly by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the MEGA 7 Software.

Results: Targeting the 16S rRNA gene, 7.24% of the study cattle tested positive for B. bovis. In terms of age, positivity rates, odds ratios (ORs), and relative risks (RRs) were significantly higher in cattle older than 7 years compared to other age groups: under 1 year, 1-3 years, and 3-7 years. Regarding sex, there was no significant variation in positive rates between females (7.48%) and males (5.56%); however, the OR and RR values indicated that females (1.376 and 1.345, respectively) were at a higher risk of B. bovis infection than males (0.727 and 0.743, respectively). Phylogenetic tree analysis of five local B. bovis isolates demonstrated their identity with the France strain/isolate at total genetic identity ranging from 99.64% to 99.98%.

Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first molecular identification of the prevalence rate of B. bovis in cattle in Iraq using PCR assay and confirms phylogenetically the local B. bovis isolates in NCBI-BLAST. Therefore, additional information about the prevalence, genetic diversity in domestic and wild animals, and arthropod vectors is crucial for developing strategies for the prevention and control of B. bovis infections.

背景:目的:使用分子检测法检测牛巴氏杆菌的流行情况,确定感染与动物风险因素(年龄和性别)的关系,并对分离的巴氏杆菌进行测序,以进行系统发育分析,并在国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI)进行报告:方法:从 2023 年 9 月至 12 月,在瓦西特省的不同农村地区随机选取了 290 头牛,采集静脉血样本,并通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)进行分子检测。使用 MEGA 7 软件进行系统进化分析:结果:通过 16S rRNA 基因检测,7.24%的研究牛对牛杆菌呈阳性反应。就年龄而言,与其他年龄组(1 岁以下、1-3 岁和 3-7 岁)相比,7 岁以上牛的阳性率、几率比(ORs)和相对风险(RRs)都明显较高。在性别方面,雌性(7.48%)和雄性(5.56%)的阳性率没有明显差异;但是,OR 和 RR 值表明,雌性(分别为 1.376 和 1.345)比雄性(分别为 0.727 和 0.743)感染牛杆菌的风险更高。五株本地牛杆菌分离物的系统发生树分析表明,它们与法国菌株/分离物的总遗传一致性为 99.64% 至 99.98%:据我们所知,这项研究是首次使用 PCR 检测方法对伊拉克牛的牛杆菌流行率进行分子鉴定,并在 NCBI-BLAST 中对当地的牛杆菌分离株进行了系统发育确认。因此,有关家畜和野生动物的流行率、遗传多样性以及节肢动物传播媒介的更多信息对于制定牛杆菌感染的预防和控制策略至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanism of streptozotocin to induce cardiac fibrosis through TNFa and Bcl2 pathways in in silico and in vivo study. 链脲佐菌素通过TNFa和Bcl2途径诱导心脏纤维化的机理硅学和体内研究
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.17
Nurmawati Fatimah, Arifa Mustika, Arifa Mustika, Sri Agus Sudjarwo

Background: Cardiac fibrosis is often associated with various heart-related problems such as heart failure, atrial arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death, making it a leading cause of death globally. Diabetes-associated fibrosis, on the other hand, is influenced by activated cardiac fibroblasts and potentially involves fibrosis-inducing activity of macrophages, cardiomyocytes, and vascular cells. Streptozotocin (STZ) is a known diabetogenic agent, but inadequate preclinical data in animal models hinders its clinical success.

Aim: This study aims to provide practical guidelines for STZ utilization in inducing diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis.

Methods: The research was conducted in vivo using white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain, induced with STZ at doses of 30 mg/KgBW and 50 mg/KgBW per injection. Observations were carried out in the 4th and 8th weeks, consisting of the measurement of blood sugar levels and the examination of heart muscle cell fibrosis. Subsequently, in silico validation of STZ's affinity with inflammatory receptors causing diabetes pathology, such as TNFα and Bcl2, was performed.

Results: The study results indicated that the administration of STZ led to an increase in random blood sugar levels and extensive fibrosis of heart muscle cells in mice. The optimal dose for the diabetes model experimented in this study was 50 mg/KgBW for 8 weeks. In silico tests revealed an affinity for TNFα (PDB ID 2AZ5) and Bcl2 (PDB ID 6QGH).

Conclusion: Consequently, it can be concluded that administering STZ to mice at a dose of 50 mg/KgBW for 8 weeks is an effective inducer of a diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis model.

背景:心脏纤维化通常与心力衰竭、房性心律失常和心脏性猝死等各种心脏相关问题有关,是全球死亡的主要原因之一。另一方面,糖尿病相关纤维化受活化的心脏成纤维细胞影响,并可能涉及巨噬细胞、心肌细胞和血管细胞的纤维化诱导活动。目的:本研究旨在为利用 STZ 诱导糖尿病相关心脏纤维化提供实用指南:研究使用 Wistar 品系白鼠(Rattus norvegicus)进行体内研究,STZ 诱导剂量为每次注射 30 毫克/千克体重和 50 毫克/千克体重。在第 4 周和第 8 周进行观察,包括测量血糖水平和检查心肌细胞纤维化。随后,对 STZ 与导致糖尿病病变的炎症受体(如 TNFα 和 Bcl2)的亲和力进行了硅验证:研究结果表明,服用 STZ 会导致小鼠随机血糖水平升高和心肌细胞广泛纤维化。本研究中糖尿病模型的最佳剂量为 50 毫克/千克体重,持续 8 周。硅学测试显示,该药物与 TNFα (PDB ID 2AZ5)和 Bcl2 (PDB ID 6QGH)具有亲和力:因此,可以得出结论:以 50 毫克/千克体重的剂量连续 8 周给小鼠注射 STZ 可有效诱导糖尿病相关心脏纤维化模型。
{"title":"Mechanism of streptozotocin to induce cardiac fibrosis through TNFa and Bcl2 pathways in <i>in silico</i> and <i>in vivo</i> study.","authors":"Nurmawati Fatimah, Arifa Mustika, Arifa Mustika, Sri Agus Sudjarwo","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.17","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac fibrosis is often associated with various heart-related problems such as heart failure, atrial arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death, making it a leading cause of death globally. Diabetes-associated fibrosis, on the other hand, is influenced by activated cardiac fibroblasts and potentially involves fibrosis-inducing activity of macrophages, cardiomyocytes, and vascular cells. Streptozotocin (STZ) is a known diabetogenic agent, but inadequate preclinical data in animal models hinders its clinical success.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to provide practical guidelines for STZ utilization in inducing diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was conducted <i>in vivo</i> using white rats (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>) of the Wistar strain, induced with STZ at doses of 30 mg/KgBW and 50 mg/KgBW per injection. Observations were carried out in the 4th and 8th weeks, consisting of the measurement of blood sugar levels and the examination of heart muscle cell fibrosis. Subsequently, <i>in silico</i> validation of STZ's affinity with inflammatory receptors causing diabetes pathology, such as TNFα and Bcl2, was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study results indicated that the administration of STZ led to an increase in random blood sugar levels and extensive fibrosis of heart muscle cells in mice. The optimal dose for the diabetes model experimented in this study was 50 mg/KgBW for 8 weeks. <i>In silico</i> tests revealed an affinity for TNFα (PDB ID 2AZ5) and Bcl2 (PDB ID 6QGH).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consequently, it can be concluded that administering STZ to mice at a dose of 50 mg/KgBW for 8 weeks is an effective inducer of a diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis model.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":"2287-2293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biocompatibility assessment of an integrated contraceptive and RFID-based intravaginal device in cats (Felis catus): A preliminary study. 猫(Felis catus)阴道内装置的生物相容性评估:初步研究。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.23
Muhammad Irham Bagus Santoso, Sella Sofia Ainun, Dian Utami, Fathan Abdul Aziz, Resti Puspitaningsih, Yaomil Ashar, Gunanti Gunanti, Murni Nazira Sarian, Mokhammad Fakhrul Ulum

Background: An intravaginal device (IVD) made from polyethylene plastic and copper wire, integrated with a radio frequency identification (RFID) chip, was developed as a biocompatible contraceptive and identity device for cats.

Aim: This study evaluates the local and systemic biocompatibility of IVD in five non-pregnant female cats.

Methods: The IVD was successfully inserted into the vaginal lumen after estrogen administration. Radiographic imaging confirmed the IVD's position, which lasted up to two days post-insertion.

Results: Systemic response, assessed through hematological examinations on days 0, 1, and 3 post-insertion, showed no significant changes in erythrogram and leukogram parameters. Local response, evaluated through vulvar inspection and vaginal cytology on days 0, 1, 3, and 7, revealed no neutrophil infiltration in 4 out of 5 cats, indicating compatibility with vaginal tissue. Furthermore, epithelial cell profile changes were observed, showing an increase in superficial cells, which is typical during the estrus phase.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that the IVD is biocompatible and suitable for use as a contraceptive and identity device in cats. However, further long-term studies are necessary to evaluate the device's prolonged efficacy and potential for contraception failure prevention by mating trials.

背景:由聚乙烯塑料和铜线制成的阴道内装置(IVD)集成了射频识别(RFID)芯片,是一种生物相容性好的猫用避孕和身份识别装置:施用雌激素后,IVD 成功插入阴道管腔。放射成像确认了 IVD 的位置,该位置在插入后持续了两天:通过插入后第 0、1 和 3 天的血液检查评估全身反应,结果显示红细胞和白细胞参数无明显变化。通过第 0、1、3 和 7 天的外阴检查和阴道细胞学检查评估局部反应,发现 5 只猫中有 4 只没有中性粒细胞浸润,表明与阴道组织相容。此外,还观察到上皮细胞轮廓的变化,显示表层细胞增多,这是发情期的典型表现:这些研究结果表明,IVD 具有生物兼容性,适合用作猫的避孕和身份识别装置。然而,有必要进行进一步的长期研究,以评估该装置的长期功效以及通过交配试验预防避孕失败的潜力。
{"title":"Biocompatibility assessment of an integrated contraceptive and RFID-based intravaginal device in cats (<i>Felis catus</i>): A preliminary study.","authors":"Muhammad Irham Bagus Santoso, Sella Sofia Ainun, Dian Utami, Fathan Abdul Aziz, Resti Puspitaningsih, Yaomil Ashar, Gunanti Gunanti, Murni Nazira Sarian, Mokhammad Fakhrul Ulum","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.23","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An intravaginal device (IVD) made from polyethylene plastic and copper wire, integrated with a radio frequency identification (RFID) chip, was developed as a biocompatible contraceptive and identity device for cats.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluates the local and systemic biocompatibility of IVD in five non-pregnant female cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The IVD was successfully inserted into the vaginal lumen after estrogen administration. Radiographic imaging confirmed the IVD's position, which lasted up to two days post-insertion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Systemic response, assessed through hematological examinations on days 0, 1, and 3 post-insertion, showed no significant changes in erythrogram and leukogram parameters. Local response, evaluated through vulvar inspection and vaginal cytology on days 0, 1, 3, and 7, revealed no neutrophil infiltration in 4 out of 5 cats, indicating compatibility with vaginal tissue. Furthermore, epithelial cell profile changes were observed, showing an increase in superficial cells, which is typical during the estrus phase.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that the IVD is biocompatible and suitable for use as a contraceptive and identity device in cats. However, further long-term studies are necessary to evaluate the device's prolonged efficacy and potential for contraception failure prevention by mating trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":"2348-2360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Survival outcomes, low awareness, and the challenge of neglected leptospirosis in dogs. 狗的存活率、认知度低以及被忽视的钩端螺旋体病所带来的挑战。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.25
Mookmanee Tansakul, Pimkhwan Sawangjai, Phassakorne Bunsupawong, Orapin Ketkan, Metawee Thongdee, Kridsada Chaichoen, Walasinee Sakcamduang

Background: Leptospirosis is a globally neglected zoonotic disease with significant morbidity and mortality in dogs, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Aim: This study aimed to characterize prognostic factors and survival outcomes in dogs with suspected leptospirosis, emphasizing the potential underestimation of disease burden.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted using medical records of dogs diagnosed with urinary Leptospira polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: Urinary Leptospira PCR was positive in 22 dogs and negative in 62. Azotemia was present in approximately two-thirds of both groups, with no predictive value identified between PCR-positive and PCR-negative dogs. However, PCR-positive dogs exhibited significantly shorter survival times for both all-cause mortality (median 60 days, range: 8-601 days) and leptospirosis-related death (median 27 days, range: 8-67 days) compared to PCR-negative dogs (median 402 days, range: 7-812 days) (p < 0.01). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in-dependently predicted leptospirosis-related death (HR = 1.073, 95%CI: 1.02-1.13, p = 0.01), while the BUN-to-creatinine ratio predicted all-cause mortality (HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.003-1.03, p = 0.02).

Conclusion: Our findings underscore the severity of leptospirosis in older dogs, particularly those with azotemia or positive PCR results. NLR and BUN to creatinine ratios could be valuable tools for risk assessment and guiding treatment strategies in this vulnerable population.

背景:目的:本研究旨在描述疑似钩端螺旋体病犬的预后因素和生存结果,强调疾病负担可能被低估:这项回顾性研究使用了通过尿液钩端螺旋体聚合酶链反应(PCR)确诊的犬的医疗记录:结果:22 只狗的尿钩端螺旋体聚合酶链反应呈阳性,62 只呈阴性。两组中约有三分之二的犬出现氮质血症,PCR 阳性犬和 PCR 阴性犬之间没有预测价值。不过,与 PCR 阴性犬(中位数 402 天,范围:7-812 天)相比,PCR 阳性犬的全因死亡(中位数 60 天,范围:8-601 天)和钩端螺旋体病相关死亡(中位数 27 天,范围:8-67 天)存活时间明显较短(P < 0.01)。中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率(NLR)可独立预测与钩端螺旋体病相关的死亡(HR = 1.073,95%CI:1.02-1.13,p = 0.01),而 BUN 与肌酐比率可预测全因死亡率(HR = 1.02,95%CI:1.003-1.03,p = 0.02):我们的研究结果强调了钩端螺旋体病在老年犬中的严重性,尤其是那些氮质血症或PCR结果呈阳性的老年犬。NLR和BUN与肌酐的比率可作为风险评估的重要工具,并指导这类易感人群的治疗策略。
{"title":"Survival outcomes, low awareness, and the challenge of neglected leptospirosis in dogs.","authors":"Mookmanee Tansakul, Pimkhwan Sawangjai, Phassakorne Bunsupawong, Orapin Ketkan, Metawee Thongdee, Kridsada Chaichoen, Walasinee Sakcamduang","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.25","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leptospirosis is a globally neglected zoonotic disease with significant morbidity and mortality in dogs, particularly in resource-limited settings.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to characterize prognostic factors and survival outcomes in dogs with suspected leptospirosis, emphasizing the potential underestimation of disease burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted using medical records of dogs diagnosed with urinary <i>Leptospira</i> polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Urinary <i>Leptospira</i> PCR was positive in 22 dogs and negative in 62. Azotemia was present in approximately two-thirds of both groups, with no predictive value identified between PCR-positive and PCR-negative dogs. However, PCR-positive dogs exhibited significantly shorter survival times for both all-cause mortality (median 60 days, range: 8-601 days) and leptospirosis-related death (median 27 days, range: 8-67 days) compared to PCR-negative dogs (median 402 days, range: 7-812 days) (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in-dependently predicted leptospirosis-related death (HR = 1.073, 95%CI: 1.02-1.13, <i>p</i> = 0.01), while the BUN-to-creatinine ratio predicted all-cause mortality (HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.003-1.03, <i>p</i> = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore the severity of leptospirosis in older dogs, particularly those with azotemia or positive PCR results. NLR and BUN to creatinine ratios could be valuable tools for risk assessment and guiding treatment strategies in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":"2368-2380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigation of the morphological and histological features of the testes of pigeon (Columba livia domestica) in pre-puberty and post-puberty. 鸽子(Columba livia domestica)青春期前和青春期后睾丸形态和组织学特征的研究。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.5
Harith Humadi Khalaf, Oday Alawi Al-Juhaishi, Muntadher Salman Ashour

Background: Morphological and histological examination of the testes can provide a suitable insight into the health of the reproductive system.

Aim: The objective of the current study was to investigate the morphological and histological features of the testes of local pigeons (Columba livia domestica) at mature and immature stages of age.

Methods: Two groups of collected specimens underwent macroscopic and microscopic investigation to evaluate and compare the main general properties of their testes.

Results: The findings indicated that the testis has an oval shape in both pre-puberty and post-puberty stages, situated on the inner side of the kidney towards the caudal extreme of the lungs. However, the left testis was bigger than those on the right side. In the pre-puberty stage group, the testicular parenchyma was small, and almost collapsed seminiferous tubules containing a single layer of Spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. In contrast, in the post-puberty stage, the parenchyma space between seminiferous tubules was small, and tubules adhered closely to each other. Also, mature cells including sertoli, spermatogonia, and spermatocytes were noticed to spread within the tubules.

Conclusion: The change in the histological structure of testes before and after maturity may help to evaluate the complexity of the male reproductive system of pigeons and draw attention to the organization of sex hormones and the function of several types of cells within the testes.

背景:睾丸的形态学和组织学检查可为了解鸽子生殖系统的健康状况提供适当的依据。目的:本研究旨在调查本地鸽子(Columba livia domestica)成熟期和未成熟期睾丸的形态学和组织学特征:方法:对采集的两组标本进行宏观和显微镜检查,以评估和比较其睾丸的主要一般特性:结果:研究结果表明,无论是青春期前还是青春期后,睾丸都呈椭圆形,位于肾脏内侧,朝向肺的尾端。不过,左侧睾丸比右侧大。在青春期前组,睾丸实质较小,曲细精管几乎塌陷,内含单层精原细胞和Sertoli细胞。与此相反,在青春期后阶段,曲细精管之间的实质间隙很小,曲细精管彼此紧密粘连。此外,还发现成熟细胞(包括绒毛细胞、精原细胞和精母细胞)在小管内扩散:结论:睾丸组织学结构在成熟前后的变化有助于评估鸽子雄性生殖系统的复杂性,并引起人们对睾丸内性激素的组织和多种细胞功能的关注。
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引用次数: 0
Mutation on Theileria species in cattle in Fallujah city, west region of Iraq. 伊拉克西部地区费卢杰市牛身上的泰勒菌变异。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.14
Dunya A A Mohammed Salih, Lina Adil Jebur, Noor A Al-Taii, Wurood S Ibadi

Background: Theileriosis infection is a tick-borne disease that leads to global animal morbidity, mortality, and economic losses.

Aim: This study aimed to examine Theileriosis infection by traditional and molecular methods.

Methods: A total of 100 blood samples of local breed cows were examined by Giemsa smearing under a microscope, amplified-PCR in region 18SrRNA PCR at 600bp, and DNA sequencing analysis of the genetic relationships.

Results: The clinical signs showed that an elevated fever (40.3°C-41.5°C), an asymmetrical extension of superficially prescapular lymph nodes, lacrimation, icteric mucus membranes eyes, ecchymotic hemorrhages on the sclera, dullness, lethargy, salivation, and ticks presence. Giemsa-stained blood smear and conventional PCR were revealed 24% and 73% for infection respectively. The phylogenetic tree was constructed with DNA sequencing analysis of accession number: OQ779946.1, OQ779947.1, OQ779949.1, OQ779952.1, OQ779953.1 and OQ779953.1, belonging to Theileria annulata; acc. nos.: OQ779950.1, OQ779951.1 belong to Theileria parva; acc. nos.: OQ779948.1, OQ779960.1 belongs to Theileria species; acc. no.: OQ779955.1, OQ779957.1, OQ779958.1 belong to T. sergenti; and OQ779956.1, OQ779959.1 belong to Theileria orientalis. Nucleotide substitutions of transversion and transitions occurred in 11 types containing gaps and missing are A>T; A>C; A>G; C>A; C>G; C>T; G>A; G>C; G>T; T>A; T>C for 254 positions in the final dataset.

Conclusion: This study showed theileriosis infection is highly endemic and represents the first investigation into the use of molecular phylogeny to classify Theileria in Fallujah city, West Region of Iraq.

背景:蜱虫感染是一种蜱媒疾病,导致全球动物发病率、死亡率和经济损失:目的:本研究旨在通过传统方法和分子方法检测蜱虫感染:方法:在显微镜下用革兰氏涂片法、18SrRNA PCR 600bp 区域扩增-PCR 法和遗传关系 DNA 测序分析法对 100 份当地品种奶牛的血液样本进行检测:临床症状表现为高热(40.3°C-41.5°C)、肩胛前淋巴结浅表不对称扩展、流泪、眼粘膜结冰、巩膜瘀斑性出血、呆滞、嗜睡、流涎和蜱虫。吉氏染色血涂片和常规 PCR 检测的感染率分别为 24% 和 73%。通过对编号为OQ779946.1、OQ779947.1、OQ779949.1、OQ779952.1、OQ779953.1 和 OQ779953.1,属于环状丝核菌;acc. nos:OQ779950.1, OQ779951.1 属于 Theileria parva; acc:OQ779948.1、OQ779960.1 属于 Theileria species;序列号:OQ779955.1、OQ779957.1、OQ779958.1 属于 T. sergenti;OQ779956.1、OQ779959.1 属于 Theileria orientalis。在最终数据集中的 254 个位置上,有 11 个类型发生了核苷酸的转换和过渡,其中包含的缺口和缺失分别为 A>T;A>C;A>G;C>A;C>G;C>T;G>A;G>C;G>T;T>A;T>C:这项研究表明,伊拉克西部地区费卢杰市的毛癣菌感染高度流行,这也是首次利用分子系统发生学对伊拉克西部地区费卢杰市的毛癣菌进行分类的研究。
{"title":"Mutation on <i>Theileria</i> species in cattle in Fallujah city, west region of Iraq.","authors":"Dunya A A Mohammed Salih, Lina Adil Jebur, Noor A Al-Taii, Wurood S Ibadi","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.14","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Theileriosis infection is a <i>tick-borne disease that leads to global animal morbidity, mortality, and economic losses</i>.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to examine Theileriosis infection by traditional and molecular methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 blood samples of local breed cows were examined by Giemsa smearing under a microscope, amplified-PCR in region 18SrRNA PCR at 600bp, and DNA sequencing analysis of the genetic relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical signs showed that an elevated fever (40.3°C-41.5°C), an asymmetrical extension of superficially prescapular lymph nodes, lacrimation, icteric mucus membranes eyes, ecchymotic hemorrhages on the sclera, dullness, lethargy, salivation, and ticks presence. Giemsa-stained blood smear and conventional PCR were revealed 24% and 73% for infection respectively. <i>The phylogenetic tree was constructed with DNA sequencing analysis of</i> accession number: OQ779946.1, OQ779947.1, OQ779949.1, OQ779952.1, OQ779953.1 and OQ779953.1, belonging to <i>Theileria annulata</i>; acc. nos.: OQ779950.1, OQ779951.1 belong to <i>Theileria parva</i>; acc. nos.: OQ779948.1, OQ779960.1 belongs to <i>Theileria</i> species; acc. no.: OQ779955.1, OQ779957.1, OQ779958.1 belong to <i>T. sergenti</i>; and OQ779956.1, OQ779959.1 belong to <i>Theileria</i> <i>orientalis</i>. Nucleotide substitutions of <i>transversion</i> and transitions occurred in 11 types containing gaps and missing are A>T; A>C; A>G; C>A; C>G; C>T; G>A; G>C; G>T; T>A; T>C for 254 positions in the final dataset.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed theileriosis infection is highly endemic and represents the first investigation into the use of molecular phylogeny to classify <i>Theileria</i> in Fallujah city, West Region of Iraq.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":"2261-2268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. 患有肌瘤性二尖瓣疾病的狗在肺动脉高压死亡和预后前临床参数的变化。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11
Phuttipan Channgam, Walasinee Sakcamduang, Kittara Chanmongkolpanit, Pemika Kaenchan, Wasana Buayam, Yada Janhirun, Rassameepen Phonarknguen, Mookmanee Tansakul, Nattapon Riengvirodkij

Background: Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) is a prevalent canine heart condition often accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PH). Echocardiography is a valuable diagnostic tool for MMVD, but its accessibility is limited in small veterinary clinics.

Aim: This study aimed to identify clinical parameters and biochemistry and cardiac biomarkers as prognostic indicators for cardiac mortality in MMVD dogs with and without PH.

Animals: Ninety-nine MMVD dogs and nineteen normal dogs.

Methods: In a five-year longitudinal study, data including clinical and laboratory measurements as well as echocardiographic parameters were collected every 6 months. Dogs were monitored until death or loss to follow-up, and the cause of death was determined when possible. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors that predicted death.

Results: Alterations in body condition score, total protein, fractional shortening percentage, and mean corpuscular volume were predictive of impending cardiac mortality. High blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio, heart rate, and low hemoglobin levels were associated with an increased risk of death. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was also a significant predictor of cardiac-related mortality, with higher levels indicating increased risk. Moreover, MMVD dogs with PH had a significantly lower survival rate than those with MMVD without PH. However, no significant difference in survival was observed between MMVD stage C and D with PH and MMVD stage C and D without PH groups.

Conclusion: These findings provide valuable insights into the monitoring of MMVD progression in dogs using clinical parameters and biomarkers, especially when echocardiography cannot be performed.

背景:肌瘤性二尖瓣变性(MMVD)是一种常见的犬心脏疾病,通常伴有肺动脉高压(PH)。超声心动图是诊断 MMVD 的重要工具,但在小型兽医诊所中却很难获得。目的:本研究旨在确定临床参数、生化指标和心脏生物标志物,作为有 PH 和无 PH 的 MMVD 犬心脏死亡率的预后指标:动物:99 只 MMVD 犬和 19 只正常犬:在一项为期五年的纵向研究中,每 6 个月收集一次数据,包括临床和实验室测量以及超声心动图参数。对犬只进行监测,直至死亡或失去随访机会,并在可能的情况下确定死亡原因。研究人员进行了统计分析,以确定预测死亡的因素:结果:身体状况评分、总蛋白、分数缩短百分比和平均血球容积的变化可预测即将发生的心脏死亡。高血尿素氮-肌酐比值、心率和低血红蛋白水平与死亡风险增加有关。N 端前 B 型钠尿肽也是心脏相关死亡率的重要预测指标,其水平越高,风险越大。此外,患有 PH 的 MMVD 狗的存活率明显低于没有 PH 的 MMVD 狗。然而,有PH的MMVD C期和D期组与无PH的MMVD C期和D期组在存活率上没有明显差异:这些发现为利用临床参数和生物标志物监测犬 MMVD 的进展提供了宝贵的见解,尤其是在无法进行超声心动图检查的情况下。
{"title":"Alteration of clinical parameters before mortality and prognostic outcomes of pulmonary hypertension in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease.","authors":"Phuttipan Channgam, Walasinee Sakcamduang, Kittara Chanmongkolpanit, Pemika Kaenchan, Wasana Buayam, Yada Janhirun, Rassameepen Phonarknguen, Mookmanee Tansakul, Nattapon Riengvirodkij","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) is a prevalent canine heart condition often accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PH). Echocardiography is a valuable diagnostic tool for MMVD, but its accessibility is limited in small veterinary clinics.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to identify clinical parameters and biochemistry and cardiac biomarkers as prognostic indicators for cardiac mortality in MMVD dogs with and without PH.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Ninety-nine MMVD dogs and nineteen normal dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a five-year longitudinal study, data including clinical and laboratory measurements as well as echocardiographic parameters were collected every 6 months. Dogs were monitored until death or loss to follow-up, and the cause of death was determined when possible. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors that predicted death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alterations in body condition score, total protein, fractional shortening percentage, and mean corpuscular volume were predictive of impending cardiac mortality. High blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio, heart rate, and low hemoglobin levels were associated with an increased risk of death. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was also a significant predictor of cardiac-related mortality, with higher levels indicating increased risk. Moreover, MMVD dogs with PH had a significantly lower survival rate than those with MMVD without PH. However, no significant difference in survival was observed between MMVD stage C and D with PH and MMVD stage C and D without PH groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide valuable insights into the monitoring of MMVD progression in dogs using clinical parameters and biomarkers, especially when echocardiography cannot be performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":"2237-2249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diversity analysis of livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus nasal strains between animal and humans. 人畜鼻腔金黄色葡萄球菌菌株多样性分析。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.13
Zanan Mohammed-Ameen Taha, Meqdad Saleh Ahmed, Dhyaa Mohammad Taher Jwher, Rezheen Fatah Abdulrahman, Hady Yaser Rahma

Background: Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as a major public health concern. It is a common pathogen in animal and human medicine.

Aim: Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) was used to fingerprint 10 strains of S. aureus obtained from nasal swabs in domesticated animals and humans to ascertain how comparable the different strains' genetic makeup was.

Methods: These isolates were previously identified using standard molecular and microbiological methods. ERIC primers were amplified for all isolates. The dendrogram was generated using PGMA and the dice similarity coefficient. The strains were genotyped according to the diversity of sample source (human or animal), and the geographic source.

Results: Ten S. aureus strains were classified into eight "ERIC" kinds (genotypes) using "ERIC-PCR genotyping", in which the two most common clones were genotypes 8 and 2, which were represented by one strain from humans, one from cows, and two strains from sheep. Two strains derived from separate geographic areas and from different sample sources (human and cow) were determined to share the same genotype. Another two strains from different geographic areas but from the same sample source (sheep) were categorized under the same genotype. All the remaining strains were classified as a singular genotype.

Conclusion: This study supports the possible bacterial transmission from animal to human and from animals themselves that usually happens during live animal marketing. Recognizing the interconnected nature of transmission systems and implementing the required approaches to disease prevention and control is essential for mitigating the risks posed by bacterial pathogens.

背景:金黄色葡萄球菌已成为主要的公共卫生问题。目的:使用肠杆菌重复基因间共识聚合酶链反应(ERIC-PCR)对从驯养动物和人类鼻拭子中获得的 10 株金黄色葡萄球菌进行指纹鉴定,以确定不同菌株基因组成的可比性:方法:这些分离菌株之前已通过标准的分子和微生物学方法进行了鉴定。对所有分离株进行了 ERIC 引物扩增。使用 PGMA 和骰子相似系数生成树枝状图。根据样本来源(人类或动物)的多样性和地理来源对菌株进行基因分型:结果:通过 "ERIC-PCR 基因分型",10 株金黄色葡萄球菌被分为 8 个 "ERIC "类型(基因型),其中最常见的两个克隆是基因型 8 和 2,分别代表 1 株来自人类、1 株来自牛、2 株来自羊。经测定,来自不同地区和不同样本来源(人和牛)的两株菌株具有相同的基因型。另外两株来自不同地区但样本来源相同(绵羊)的菌株被归入同一基因型。其余所有菌株均被归为单一基因型:这项研究证实了在活体动物销售过程中,细菌可能从动物传染给人,也可能从动物本身传染给人。认识到传播系统的相互关联性并实施必要的疾病预防和控制方法,对于降低细菌病原体带来的风险至关重要。
{"title":"Diversity analysis of livestock-associated <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> nasal strains between animal and humans.","authors":"Zanan Mohammed-Ameen Taha, Meqdad Saleh Ahmed, Dhyaa Mohammad Taher Jwher, Rezheen Fatah Abdulrahman, Hady Yaser Rahma","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.13","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> has emerged as a major public health concern. It is a common pathogen in animal and human medicine.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) was used to fingerprint 10 strains of <i>S. aureus</i> obtained from nasal swabs in domesticated animals and humans to ascertain how comparable the different strains' genetic makeup was.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>These isolates were previously identified using standard molecular and microbiological methods. ERIC primers were amplified for all isolates. The dendrogram was generated using PGMA and the dice similarity coefficient. The strains were genotyped according to the diversity of sample source (human or animal), and the geographic source.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten <i>S. aureus</i> strains were classified into eight \"ERIC\" kinds (genotypes) using \"ERIC-PCR genotyping\", in which the two most common clones were genotypes 8 and 2, which were represented by one strain from humans, one from cows, and two strains from sheep. Two strains derived from separate geographic areas and from different sample sources (human and cow) were determined to share the same genotype. Another two strains from different geographic areas but from the same sample source (sheep) were categorized under the same genotype. All the remaining strains were classified as a singular genotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study supports the possible bacterial transmission from animal to human and from animals themselves that usually happens during live animal marketing. Recognizing the interconnected nature of transmission systems and implementing the required approaches to disease prevention and control is essential for mitigating the risks posed by bacterial pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 9","pages":"2256-2260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Open Veterinary Journal
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