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Scales in a dog after levothyroxine sodium treatment: A case report. 左甲状腺素钠治疗后狗身上的鳞片:病例报告。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.21
Yoichiro Kasuga, Nobuo Murayama

Background: Scales are composed of exfoliated keratinocytes and are frequently a secondary change, requiring the determination of the underlying cause. Consequently, making an appropriate differential diagnosis of scales and determining treatment necessity based on the results is crucial in dermatological practice.

Case description: We present a 7-year-old, neutered male Toy Poodle examined at Myogadani Animal Hospital with chief complaints of exercise intolerance, unexplained weight gain, and dermatological signs, including symmetrical alopecia of the trunk. The dog was diagnosed with hypothyroidism and administered levothyroxine sodium. A significant number of scales were observed, primarily on the trunk, after 1 month of administration. The scales disappeared after only reducing the dose of levothyroxine sodium for 3 months. Additionally, hair regrowth was observed as the scales disappeared. In this case, the scales were primarily observed in the alopecia area of the trunk, where hair growth was subsequently noted. Hence, levothyroxine sodium administration was thought to not only facilitate hair regrowth but also influence skin turnover, causing the appearance of scales.

Conclusion: Clinicians who treat hypothyroidism need to be cognizant that symmetrical scales, primarily located on the trunk, do not co-occur with other skin lesions, such as erythema, and are not itchy, may appear within a month. The scales will naturally disappear in such cases when hair growth is complete; thus, no additional treatment is required.

背景:鳞屑由脱落的角质细胞组成,通常是一种继发性变化,需要确定其根本原因。因此,对鳞屑进行适当的鉴别诊断并根据诊断结果确定治疗的必要性在皮肤病治疗中至关重要:我们为您介绍的是一只 7 岁、已绝育的雄性玩具贵宾犬,该犬在 Myogadani 动物医院接受了检查,主诉是运动不耐受、不明原因的体重增加和皮肤病症状,包括躯干对称性脱发。该犬被诊断为甲状腺功能减退症,并服用了左甲状腺素钠。用药 1 个月后,它身上出现了大量鳞屑,主要是在躯干上。仅在减少左甲状腺素钠剂量 3 个月后,鳞片就消失了。此外,随着鳞屑的消失,还观察到毛发再生。在这个病例中,鳞屑主要出现在躯干的脱发部位,随后发现毛发重新生长。因此,服用左甲状腺素钠不仅能促进毛发再生,还能影响皮肤的新陈代谢,从而导致鳞屑的出现:治疗甲状腺功能减退症的临床医生需要认识到,对称性鳞屑主要位于躯干,不与红斑等其他皮损同时出现,也不发痒,可能在一个月内出现。在这种情况下,鳞屑会在毛发生长完成后自然消失,因此无需额外治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Therapeutic effect of nimustine in a dog with intracranial histiocytic sarcoma. 尼莫司汀对一只患有颅内组织细胞肉瘤的狗的治疗效果。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.20
Michihito Tagawa, Takamasa Itoi, Ryohei Yoshitake, Kenji Kutara, Natsuki Akashi, Ikki Mitsui, Yasuhiko Okamura

Background: Intracranial histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is uncommon in dogs, and no standard treatment has yet been defined for this disease. Herein, we describe a case of intracranial HS that responded favorably to nimustine treatment.

Case description: A 9-year-old, castrated Welsh Corgi Pembroke presented with a 2-month history of quadriplegia. Intracranial disease was suspected on neurological examination, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a contrast-enhanced mass in the left frontal lobe. Following tissue biopsy, the patient received intravenous nimustine (ACNU) treatment. The patient's neurological symptoms partially improved, and a reduction in tumor volume was observed on MRI on day 99. After three administrations of ACNU, tumor regrowth was confirmed on day 124, and temozolomide was subsequently administered. The patient subsequently showed no major changes in clinical symptoms, but subsequently died suddenly on day 195.

Conclusion: In this case, administration of ACNU provided temporary symptom improvement and tumor reduction. Therefore, ACNU monotherapy may be a therapeutic option for canine intracranial HS.

背景:颅内组织细胞肉瘤(HS)在犬中并不常见,目前还没有针对这种疾病的标准治疗方法。在此,我们描述了一例对尼莫司汀治疗反应良好的颅内组织细胞肉瘤病例:一只 9 岁的阉割威尔士柯基彭布罗克犬在 2 个月前出现四肢瘫痪。神经系统检查怀疑患者患有颅内疾病,磁共振成像(MRI)显示患者左侧额叶有一个对比度增强的肿块。组织活检后,患者接受了静脉注射尼莫司汀(ACNU)治疗。患者的神经症状得到部分改善,第 99 天的核磁共振成像显示肿瘤体积缩小。经过三次 ACNU 治疗后,第 124 天证实肿瘤重新生长,随后患者接受了替莫唑胺治疗。患者随后的临床症状没有出现重大变化,但在第 195 天突然死亡:在该病例中,使用 ACNU 可暂时改善症状并缩小肿瘤。因此,ACNU单药治疗可能是犬颅内HS的一种治疗选择。
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引用次数: 0
Zinc-based fixative as a novel approach for histological preservation: A comparative study with formalin-based fixatives. 锌基固定液作为一种新的组织学保存方法:与福尔马林固定液的比较研究。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.9
Omar Younis Altaey, Ali Ahmed Hasan, Adnan Ali Hasso

Background: Formalin is a widely used histological fixative despite its carcinogenic properties, inadequate nucleic acid preservation, and prolonged fixation time.

Aim: The study intended to prepare a novel zinc-based fixative that is, formalin-free, and cost-effective, provides optimal preservation, with rapid penetration rates, and enhanced Hematoxylin/Eosin-stained sections.

Methods: Liver, kidney, brain, and small intestine specimens were collected from 10 adult laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus) and preserved in formalin 4%, formalin 10%, neutral buffered formalin (NBF), and the experimental EZAT solution. The penetration depth (discolored edges) was measured at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. The shrinkage ratio was calculated by measuring the width and length of the samples before and after 48 hours of fixation. The histological evaluation, included staining affinity, cellular outline, cytoplasmic and nuclear attributes, and overall tissue structure, was conducted by a panel of academic experts and rated using a scale of poor (1), fair (2), good (3), very good (4), and excellent (5) grades. The data were later statistically analyzed to determine the significant differences among the tested fixative types.

Results: A higher penetration rate was observed with the EZAT solution at 6 and 12 hours' time and the samples reached optimal fixation after 24 hours; with an accelerated diffusion coefficient, and a minimal shrinking effect compared to formalin 10% and NBF. The microscopic evaluation of hematoxylin/eosin-stained sections revealed better staining affinity, refined histological details, and enhanced cytoplasmic and nuclear properties. The overall structural evaluation revealed an excellent microscopic appearance with the EZAT solution compared to formalin-based fixatives.

Conclusion: The EZAT fixative should be considered as an everyday preservative in histology and histopathology laboratories. Future studies should be focused on the potential of EZAT in cellular histochemistry and immunohistochemistry practices.

背景:目的:本研究旨在制备一种新型锌基固定剂,该固定剂不含福尔马林,且成本低廉,可提供最佳的保存效果,具有快速渗透率,并可增强苏木精/伊红染色切片的效果:从 10 只成年实验鼠(Rattus norvegicus)身上采集肝脏、肾脏、大脑和小肠标本,分别用 4%福尔马林、10% 福尔马林、中性缓冲福尔马林(NBF)和实验用 EZAT 溶液保存。分别在 6、12、24 和 48 小时测量穿透深度(边缘变色)。通过测量固定 48 小时前后样本的宽度和长度,计算收缩率。组织学评估包括染色亲和力、细胞轮廓、细胞质和细胞核属性以及整体组织结构,由学术专家小组进行,并采用差(1)、一般(2)、好(3)、非常好(4)和优秀(5)的等级评定。随后对数据进行了统计分析,以确定受测固定剂类型之间的显著差异:结果:与 10%福尔马林和 NBF 相比,EZAT 溶液在 6 小时和 12 小时后的渗透率更高,样本在 24 小时后达到最佳固定效果;扩散系数加快,收缩效应最小。对苏木精/伊红染色切片的显微评估显示,染色亲和力更好,组织学细节更精细,细胞质和细胞核特性更强。整体结构评估显示,与福尔马林固定液相比,EZAT溶液具有极佳的显微外观:结论:EZAT 固定液应被视为组织学和组织病理学实验室的日常防腐剂。今后的研究应侧重于 EZAT 在细胞组织化学和免疫组化实践中的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Black soybean extract inhibits rat mammary carcinogenesis through BRCA1 and TNF-α expression: In silico and in vivo study. 黑大豆提取物通过 BRCA1 和 TNF-α 的表达抑制大鼠乳腺癌的发生:硅学和体内研究
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.17
Dyah Ayu Oa Pratama, Annesia Fernanda, Ricadonna Raissa, Fajar Shodiq Permata, Muhammad Luqman Nordin

Background: Mammary gland carcinoma is a malignant type of cancer that occurs in mammae tissue. Dimethylbenzene (α) anthracene (DMBA) is a carcinogenic agent that causes mammary cancer by damaging cellular DNA. Flavonoids found in the black soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) exhibit anti-carcinogenic effects.

Aim: This study evaluated the anticarcinogenic effects of black soybean extract.

Methods: The activity of flavonoid compounds in black soybean was determined in silico. Five groups of rats, four in each group, were established, consisting of a negative control, a positive control, and three treatment groups. Treatment included black soybean extract administration (i.e., T1 = 200, T2 = 400, and T3 = 800 mg of black soybean extract/kg body weight for 10 days). The observed parameters included the immunohistochemical analysis of Breast Cancer 1(BRCA1) and TNF-α.

Results: Based on an in silico study, compounds from black soybeans are non-toxic. Functional annotation analysis revealed that most of the target proteins have a role in biological processes associated with cancer development. An in vivo analysis using an animal mammae cancer model indicated that black soybean extracts inhibited mammae cancer progression by attenuating TNF-α and BRCA1 expression.

Conclusion: The most effective dosage of black soybean extract was 200 mg/kg body weight. An increase in BRCA1 and TNF-α expression may be related to the effects of catechin, daidzein, genistein, and glycitein, which are present in black soybeans.

背景:乳腺癌是发生在乳腺组织中的一种恶性肿瘤。二甲苯(α)蒽(DMBA)是一种致癌物质,通过破坏细胞 DNA 而导致乳腺癌。黑大豆(Glycine max L. Merr)中的类黄酮具有抗癌作用:方法:对黑大豆中黄酮类化合物的活性进行硅学测定。大鼠分为五组,每组四只,包括阴性对照组、阳性对照组和三个治疗组。治疗包括服用黑大豆提取物(即 T1 = 200、T2 = 400 和 T3 = 800 毫克黑大豆提取物/公斤体重,连续 10 天)。观察指标包括乳腺癌 1(BRCA1)和 TNF-α 的免疫组化分析:结果:根据硅学研究,黑大豆中的化合物是无毒的。功能注释分析表明,大多数靶蛋白在与癌症发展相关的生物过程中发挥作用。利用动物乳腺癌模型进行的体内分析表明,黑大豆提取物通过抑制 TNF-α 和 BRCA1 的表达,抑制了乳腺癌的发展:结论:黑大豆提取物的最有效剂量为 200 毫克/千克体重。结论:黑大豆提取物的最有效剂量为 200 毫克/千克体重,BRCA1 和 TNF-α 表达的增加可能与黑大豆中的儿茶素、染料木素、染料木素和甜菜素的作用有关。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating Q fever: Current perspectives and challenges in outbreak preparedness. 引领 Q 热:疫情防备的当前视角和挑战。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.2
Dewa Ketut Meles, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Imam Mustofa, Wurlina Wurlina, Adeyinka Oye Akintunde, Niluh Suwasanti, Rheza Imawan Mustofa, Satriawan Wedniyanto Putra, Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses, Muhammad Khaliim Jati Kusala, Ricadonna Raissa, Kartika Afrida Fauzia, Suhita Aryaloka, Ima Fauziah, Sheila Marty Yanestria, Syahputra Wibowo

Q fever, also known as query fever, is a zoonotic illness brought on by the Coxiella burnetii bacteria. This disease was first discovered in 1935 in Queensland, Australia. Worldwide, Q fever is a disease that requires notification, and certain nations classify it as a national health concern. A feature of C. burnetii is known as cell wall phase fluctuation. Serological testing is the main method used to diagnose Q fever illnesses. Inhalation is the primary method of C. burnetii transmission in both people and animals, with smaller amounts occurring through milk and milk product ingestion. The bacterial strain that is causing the infection determines how severe it is. Q fever is a significant zoonosis that can be dangerous for personnel working in veterinary laboratories, livestock breeding operations, and slaughterhouses due to its high human contagiousness. Coxiella burnetii is a biological weapon that can be sprayed on food, water, or even mail. It can also be employed as an aerosol. Antibiotics work well against this disease's acute form, but as the infection develops into a chronic form, treatment becomes more difficult and the illness frequently returns, which can result in a high death rate. Vaccination has been demonstrated to lower the incidence of animal infections, C. burnetii shedding, and abortion. Several hygienic precautions should be put in place during an outbreak to lessen the spread of disease to animals.

Q 热,又称查询热,是一种由烧伤克氏菌引起的人畜共患疾病。这种疾病于 1935 年首次在澳大利亚昆士兰发现。在世界范围内,Q 热是一种需要通报的疾病,某些国家将其列为国家卫生问题。烧伤梭菌的一个特点是细胞壁相位波动。血清学检测是诊断 Q 热病的主要方法。吸入是烧伤弧菌在人和动物中传播的主要途径,少量通过牛奶和奶制品摄入传播。引起感染的细菌菌株决定了感染的严重程度。Q 热是一种重要的人畜共患疾病,由于其对人类的高度传染性,在兽医实验室、牲畜饲养场和屠宰场工作的人员可能会受到威胁。烧伤柯西氏菌是一种生物武器,可以喷洒在食物、水甚至邮件上。它还可以作为气雾剂使用。抗生素对这种疾病的急性期效果很好,但当感染发展为慢性期时,治疗就变得更加困难,而且病情经常复发,从而导致很高的死亡率。事实证明,接种疫苗可降低动物感染、烧伤桿菌脱落和流产的发生率。疫情爆发时应采取一些卫生预防措施,以减少疾病对动物的传播。
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引用次数: 0
The application of pheromones extracted from Shami goats' male hair and Awassi sheep male wool during the breeding season on LH and Progesterone concentrations in Awassi ewes in Syria. 在繁殖季节应用从沙米山羊雄毛和阿瓦西绵羊雄毛中提取的信息素对叙利亚阿瓦西母羊促性腺激素和孕酮浓度的影响。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.6
Hasan Harba, Mohamad Moussa, Abdulmounem Al Yasin, Moataz Zarkawi, Lamia Briand Amirat

Background: The efficiency and profitability of animal farming systems are closely linked to the reproductive success of livestock, which requires effective management through biological, hormonal, and nutritional strategies. The "male effect," referring to the influence of male pheromones on female reproductive hormones, offers several benefits. This leads to improved reproductive management, better timing of breeding, and increased fertility rates. Additionally, using natural pheromones provides a non-invasive and sustainable method for managing reproduction, and it can be a cost-effective strategy, reducing the need for expensive hormonal treatments. Incorporating male pheromones into reproductive management practices can thus boost the efficiency and profitability of animal farming systems.

Aim: The study's objective is to examine the influence of pheromones, extracted from Awassi ram's wool and Shami goat buck's hair, on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and Progesterone (P4) in Awassi ewes during the breeding season.

Methods: The pheromones were extracted using a soaking method with dichloromethane as the solvent. The resulting organic extract was then analyzed using a Chromatec-Crystal 5,000 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry device, equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The experiment was carried out on three equal groups, each consisting of 17 subjects, during the breeding season. In Group I, 15 ml of the ram's wool extract was applied to a piece of gauze and placed in a specially designed mask that was attached directly to the nose. In the second group, a similar procedure was followed using 15 ml of the buck's hair extract. The third group consisted of Awassi rams. The LH assay was conducted immediately before the treatment and again at 1, 10, and 20 hours post-treatment, and after 5 and 30 days of treatment to assess P4 levels.

Results: The study found that pheromones from Awassi rams and Shami goat bucks significantly increased the levels of LH and P4 in female Awassi sheep.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the pheromones extracted from the wool of rams and Shami goat bucks can stimulate the response of female Awassi sheep. This finding opens up the possibility of using these pheromones in the reproductive management of female Awassi sheep.

背景:畜牧业系统的效率和盈利能力与牲畜的繁殖成功率密切相关,这需要通过生物、激素和营养策略进行有效管理。雄性效应 "是指雄性信息素对雌性生殖激素的影响。这可以改善繁殖管理,更好地把握配种时机,提高受胎率。此外,使用天然信息素提供了一种非侵入性和可持续的繁殖管理方法,而且是一种具有成本效益的策略,可减少对昂贵激素治疗的需求。将雄性信息素纳入繁殖管理实践中,可提高动物养殖系统的效率和盈利能力。研究目的:本研究旨在探讨从阿瓦西公羊的羊毛和沙米山羊雄性毛发中提取的信息素对阿瓦西母羊繁殖季节黄体生成素(LH)和孕酮(P4)分泌的影响:以二氯甲烷为溶剂,采用浸泡法提取信息素。然后使用配备四极杆质谱仪的 Chromatec-Crystal 5,000 气相色谱-质谱仪分析有机提取物。实验在繁殖季节进行,共分三组,每组 17 人。在第一组中,将 15 毫升的公羊毛提取物涂抹在一块纱布上,然后放入一个专门设计的口罩中,口罩直接贴在鼻子上。第二组也采用类似的方法,使用 15 毫升公鹿毛提取物。第三组是阿瓦西公羊。在治疗前立即进行 LH 检测,在治疗后 1、10 和 20 小时以及治疗 5 天和 30 天后再次进行 LH 检测,以评估 P4 水平:研究发现,来自阿瓦西公羊和沙米山羊公羊的信息素能显著提高雌性阿瓦西羊的 LH 和 P4 水平:研究得出结论:从公羊和沙米山羊公羊的羊毛中提取的信息素能刺激雌性阿瓦西羊的反应。这一发现为在雌性阿瓦西羊的繁殖管理中使用这些信息素提供了可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Neurotoxic effects of type II-diabetes mellitus and the possible preventive effects of olive leaves supplement in male rats. II型糖尿病对雄性大鼠神经系统的毒害作用以及橄榄叶补充剂的可能预防作用
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.15
Sarah Hussein Abdulwahid Al-Hafidh, Ammar Ahmed Abdulwahid

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder with well-known serious secondary complications. It is also associated with central nervous system damage. This damage is characterized by impairments in brain functions, with neurochemical and structural abnormalities.

Aim: The study was conducted to clarify the neuroprotective effects of olive leaf supplements on the brain and brain histological structure of diabetic adult rats.

Methods: Thirty adult male rats were allocated into three groups, the first group (CC), received an oral supplement containing olive leaves supplements (OLS) and served as a control; in the other group , DM was induced in these animals and left for 40 days; and the third group was DM+OL, which induced DM, then treated with oral OLS for 40 days. The investigation included serum glycemic index measurements, in addition to the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), dopamine (DOP), acetylcholinesterase (AchE) in brain tissue, and histopathology of brain and pancreas.

Results: We demonstrated a significant increase in glycemic index measurements in diabetic groups (DM, DM+OL) at the beginning of a trial; however, the same parameters were significantly decreased after treatment with OLS in only the DM+OL group after 40 days. The study also showed differences in the levels of MDA, and GSH, in the diabetic groups, which returned to normal levels after being treated with OLS. Moreover, AchE and DOP exhibited a significant decline in diabetic rats. However, OLS induced a considerable rise in these neurotransmitters after treatment with it in the DM+OL group. The histopathological section of the pancreas and brain showed histopathological changes in DM groups; whereas, the tissue was shielded from chemical damage from DM by the OLS treatment in DM+OL animals.

Conclusion: Overall, diabetes impairs glucose hemostasis by affecting glucose concentration, insulin level, and insulin resistance. However, olive leaf supplements restored the glucose hemostasis close to normal in diabetic rats. Furthermore, diabetes affects neurotransmitters by increasing the level of oxidative stress in brain tissue, and brain cell damage. Nevertheless, olive leaf supplements can ameliorate DM harmful effects by retrieving the normal oxidative environment in the brain.

背景:糖尿病(DM)是一种常见的代谢性疾病,众所周知会引起严重的继发性并发症。它还与中枢神经系统损伤有关。目的:本研究旨在阐明橄榄叶补充剂对糖尿病成年大鼠大脑和大脑组织学结构的神经保护作用:将 30 只成年雄性大鼠分为三组,第一组(CC)口服含橄榄叶营养补充剂(OLS),作为对照组;第二组(CC)诱导大鼠产生 DM,并观察 40 天;第三组(DM+OL)诱导大鼠产生 DM,然后口服 OLS,观察 40 天。调查内容包括血清血糖指数测定、脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、多巴胺(DOP)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)的水平以及脑和胰腺的组织病理学:我们发现,在试验开始时,糖尿病组(DM、DM+OL)的血糖指数测量值明显升高;但在使用 OLS 治疗 40 天后,只有 DM+OL 组的血糖指数测量值明显降低。研究还显示,糖尿病组的 MDA 和 GSH 水平存在差异,而在使用 OLS 治疗后,这两个指标恢复到了正常水平。此外,糖尿病大鼠的 AchE 和 DOP 显著下降。然而,在 DM+OL 组中,使用 OLS 治疗后,这些神经递质会显著上升。胰腺和大脑的组织病理学切片显示,DM 组的组织病理学发生了变化;而在 DM+OL 组中,OLS 治疗可使组织免受 DM 的化学损伤:总之,糖尿病会影响葡萄糖浓度、胰岛素水平和胰岛素抵抗,从而损害葡萄糖止血。然而,橄榄叶补充剂能使糖尿病大鼠的葡萄糖止血恢复到接近正常水平。此外,糖尿病通过增加脑组织氧化应激水平和脑细胞损伤来影响神经递质。然而,橄榄叶补充剂可以通过恢复大脑中正常的氧化环境来减轻糖尿病的有害影响。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of hemoparasitic infections and influencing factors among fighting bulls in Southern Thailand: A retrospective analysis. 泰国南部斗牛血液寄生虫感染的流行情况及影响因素:回顾性分析。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.8
Wiruntita Bohman, Nantaporn Chooruang, Kitikarn Sakuna, Wipaporn Jarujareet, Kosit Areekit, Dhiravit Chantip

Background: Hemoparasitic infections significantly threaten cattle health globally, leading to economic losses and welfare issues for farmers.

Aim: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hemoparasitic infections in fighting bulls in southern Thailand over an 8-year period.

Methods: Laboratory records of 5,518 bulls from the Livestock Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, were reviewed for the period January 2016 to December 2023. Blood samples were analyzed using thin blood smear methods to identify hemoparasites, and packed cell volume was measured using the microhematocrit method. Detailed profiles and demographic data for each animal were recorded.

Results: Among the fighting bulls, 323 (5.85%) tested positive for hemoparasitic infections, with five hemoparasites identified: Trypanosoma spp. (TP), Microfilariae, Anaplasma spp. (AP), Babesia spp. (BB), and Theileria spp. (TR). TP was the most prevalent at 2.90%. Bulls aged 1-5 years showed the highest infection rates at 7.04%, with a decline in infections as age increased. Annual trends peaked in 2018 at 8.80%, with significant yearly fluctuations for most parasites (p < 0.05) except AP and BB. Monthly analyses revealed the highest infection rates in March, particularly for TP, with significant monthly variations for TR (p < 0.05). Geographical differences in infection rates between the East and West coasts were minor and not statistically significant. However, seasonal variations were significant for BB and TR on the east coast during summer (p < 0.05). Bulls with PCV below 30% had a higher prevalence of hemoparasitic infections (8.06%) compared to those with PCV above 30% (5.87%), with significant differences in the prevalence of AP and TR infections (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: This study adds to the understanding of hemoparasite infections in bulls, informing the development of educational materials for farmers and ultimately empowering them to make better herd health decisions.

背景:目的:本回顾性研究旨在调查 8 年间泰国南部斗牛血液寄生虫感染的流行情况和相关因素:研究回顾了 2016 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月期间 Rajamangala Srivijaya 科技大学兽医科学学院家畜动物医院的 5518 头公牛的实验室记录。采用薄血涂片法对血样进行分析,以确定血液寄生虫,并采用微血细胞比容法测定充盈细胞体积。记录了每头动物的详细资料和人口统计学数据:结果:在斗牛中,有 323 头牛(5.85%)的血液寄生虫感染检测呈阳性,确定了五种血液寄生虫:锥虫属(TP)、微丝虫、阿那普拉斯马属(AP)、巴贝斯虫属(BB)和毛壳虫属(TR)。TP的感染率最高,为2.90%。1-5 岁的公牛感染率最高,为 7.04%,随着年龄的增长,感染率有所下降。年度趋势在 2018 年达到峰值,为 8.80%,除 AP 和 BB 外,大多数寄生虫的年度波动都很大(p < 0.05)。月度分析显示,3 月份的感染率最高,尤其是 TP,TR 的月度变化也很明显(p < 0.05)。东海岸和西海岸感染率的地域差异较小,无统计学意义。然而,在夏季,东海岸的 BB 和 TR 的季节性差异显著(p < 0.05)。与 PCV 高于 30% 的公牛(5.87%)相比,PCV 低于 30% 的公牛血液寄生虫感染率更高(8.06%),其中 AP 和 TR 感染率差异显著(p < 0.05):这项研究加深了人们对公牛血液寄生虫感染的了解,有助于为农民编写教育材料,最终使他们能够做出更好的牛群健康决策。
{"title":"Prevalence of hemoparasitic infections and influencing factors among fighting bulls in Southern Thailand: A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Wiruntita Bohman, Nantaporn Chooruang, Kitikarn Sakuna, Wipaporn Jarujareet, Kosit Areekit, Dhiravit Chantip","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.8","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemoparasitic infections significantly threaten cattle health globally, leading to economic losses and welfare issues for farmers.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hemoparasitic infections in fighting bulls in southern Thailand over an 8-year period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Laboratory records of 5,518 bulls from the Livestock Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, were reviewed for the period January 2016 to December 2023. Blood samples were analyzed using thin blood smear methods to identify hemoparasites, and packed cell volume was measured using the microhematocrit method. Detailed profiles and demographic data for each animal were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the fighting bulls, 323 (5.85%) tested positive for hemoparasitic infections, with five hemoparasites identified: <i>Trypanosoma</i> spp. (TP), Microfilariae, <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. (AP), <i>Babesia</i> spp. (BB), and <i>Theileria</i> spp. (TR). TP was the most prevalent at 2.90%. Bulls aged 1-5 years showed the highest infection rates at 7.04%, with a decline in infections as age increased. Annual trends peaked in 2018 at 8.80%, with significant yearly fluctuations for most parasites (<i>p</i> < 0.05) except AP and BB. Monthly analyses revealed the highest infection rates in March, particularly for TP, with significant monthly variations for TR (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Geographical differences in infection rates between the East and West coasts were minor and not statistically significant. However, seasonal variations were significant for BB and TR on the east coast during summer (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Bulls with PCV below 30% had a higher prevalence of hemoparasitic infections (8.06%) compared to those with PCV above 30% (5.87%), with significant differences in the prevalence of AP and TR infections (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study adds to the understanding of hemoparasite infections in bulls, informing the development of educational materials for farmers and ultimately empowering them to make better herd health decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 10","pages":"2587-2598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification of different blood concentration of domestic cat (Felis catus) with Leucomalachite Green and Takayama reagent. 用白炭黑绿和高山试剂鉴别家猫(Felis catus)的不同血液浓度。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.10
Suraida Meisari, Tita Damayanti Lestari, Djoko Legowo, Thomas Valentinus Widiyatno, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Retno Sri Wahjuni, Ratna Damayanti, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses, Ricadonna Raissa

Background: Cases of cruelty can occur in wild animal, livestock, and pet animal. Cruelty to cats choose to be the background of this research because many cases of cruelty to cats have not been reported although the cases are still high.

Aim: The aim of this research was to know how much dilution of cat blood can still be detected by Leucomalachite Green (LMG) and Takayama reagent.

Methods: Three samples of domestic cat blood were diluted with ratios 1:10; 1:100; 1:1,000; 1:10,000; and 1:100,000. Bloodstain is made by dropping each blood dilution on the filter paper for the LMG test and on the object glass for the Takayama test. Bloodstain for the LMG test was done with ten repetitions from each sample and Duplo for the Takayama test. Positive results from the LMG test are presented as a bluish-green discoloration in stains. A positive result from the Takayama test is the formation of hemochromogen crystals under a microscope with 400× magnification.

Results: Based on this research, cat bloodstain can be detected with LMG reagent until 1:40,000 dilution, while Takayama reagent only can detect cat bloodstain until 1:1,000.

Conclusion: LMG and Takayama reagents are reagents that are often used in human blood spot testing. If there is a case of violence against cats and other animals, these two reagents can be relied on to help with the proof process.

背景:野生动物、家畜和宠物动物都可能受到虐待。研究目的:本研究旨在了解稀释多少的猫血仍能被白腊石绿(LMG)和高山试剂检测到:方法:将三份家猫血液样本按 1:10、1:100、1:1,000、1:10,000 和 1:100,000 的比例稀释。在进行 LMG 检验时,将每份血液稀释液滴在滤纸上,在进行 Takayama 检验时,将每份血液稀释液滴在物镜上。在 LMG 检验中,每个样本的血迹要重复十次;在高山检验中,每个样本的血迹要重复十次。LMG 检验的阳性结果显示为污渍呈蓝绿色变色。高山试验的阳性结果是在放大 400 倍的显微镜下形成血色素晶体:根据这项研究,LMG 试剂可检测到 1:40,000 稀释度的猫血迹,而高山试剂只能检测到 1:1,000 稀释度的猫血迹:LMG 试剂和高山试剂是人体血迹检测中常用的试剂。如果发生了针对猫和其他动物的暴力案件,这两种试剂可以帮助进行证明。
{"title":"Identification of different blood concentration of domestic cat (<i>Felis catus</i>) with Leucomalachite Green and Takayama reagent.","authors":"Suraida Meisari, Tita Damayanti Lestari, Djoko Legowo, Thomas Valentinus Widiyatno, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Retno Sri Wahjuni, Ratna Damayanti, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses, Ricadonna Raissa","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.10","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cases of cruelty can occur in wild animal, livestock, and pet animal. Cruelty to cats choose to be the background of this research because many cases of cruelty to cats have not been reported although the cases are still high.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this research was to know how much dilution of cat blood can still be detected by Leucomalachite Green (LMG) and Takayama reagent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three samples of domestic cat blood were diluted with ratios 1:10; 1:100; 1:1,000; 1:10,000; and 1:100,000. Bloodstain is made by dropping each blood dilution on the filter paper for the LMG test and on the object glass for the Takayama test. Bloodstain for the LMG test was done with ten repetitions from each sample and Duplo for the Takayama test. Positive results from the LMG test are presented as a bluish-green discoloration in stains. A positive result from the Takayama test is the formation of hemochromogen crystals under a microscope with 400× magnification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on this research, cat bloodstain can be detected with LMG reagent until 1:40,000 dilution, while Takayama reagent only can detect cat bloodstain until 1:1,000.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LMG and Takayama reagents are reagents that are often used in human blood spot testing. If there is a case of violence against cats and other animals, these two reagents can be relied on to help with the proof process.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 10","pages":"2609-2617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bilateral phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in a pet rabbit with cataracts. 为一只患有白内障的宠物兔进行双侧乳化手术和眼内晶体植入术。
IF 0.9 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.19
Frédéric Goulle, Pauline Bodin, Héloïse Cousin, Morgane Prieto, Charles Cassagnes

Background: The occurrence of cataracts in rabbits is a common reason for consultation in veterinary ophthalmology.

Case description: A 6-year-old female Lop rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was referred with a 3-month history of bilateral cataracts. The owner noted that the rabbit was frequently bumping into obstacles. Physical examination was unremarkable. Routine hemogram and biochemistry panel were within usual values, and Encephalitozoon cuniculi were not detected by serology. A complete ophthalmological examination revealed bilateral hypermature cataracts causing total blindness. Bilateral tonometry showed normal intraocular pressures. Electroretinography (ERG) under general anesthesia revealed strong photoreceptor responses for each eye, and ocular ultrasound was normal except for bilateral hypermature cataracts. Following ERG, during the same anesthesia session, conventional phacoemulsification followed by acrylic intraocular lens (IOL; +58D) implantation was performed uneventfully in both eyes. Follow-up examinations were carried out for 1 year. Except for immediate post-operative bilateral corneal ulcers that were quickly cured with medical treatment, no other post-operative complications were observed. The 1-year follow-up examination revealed centered IOLs without posterior capsular opacity, enabling the observation of normal fundus in both eyes. The owner confirmed the rabbit had normal autonomy and moved with accuracy, as observed during follow-up visits and on videos provided by the owner.

Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first described case of successful bilateral phacoemulsification and bilateral intraocular lens implantation with prior electroretinographic evaluation of the retinal function in a pet rabbit with cataracts.

背景:兔子发生白内障是兽医眼科常见的就诊原因:一只 6 岁的雌性洛普兔(Oryctolagus cuniculus)因双侧白内障 3 个月的病史而被转诊。兔主人发现兔子经常撞到障碍物。体格检查无异常。血常规和生化检查均符合正常值,血清学检查未发现阴沟脑虫。全面的眼科检查显示,双侧白内障发育过早,导致完全失明。双侧眼压计显示眼压正常。在全身麻醉状态下进行的视网膜电图(ERG)显示,每只眼睛都有强烈的感光器反应,眼部超声波检查除双侧过早性白内障外均正常。ERG检查后,在同一次麻醉过程中,双眼顺利进行了常规乳化手术,随后植入了丙烯酸人工晶体(+58D)。随访检查持续了一年。除术后即刻出现的双侧角膜溃疡经药物治疗后很快痊愈外,未发现其他术后并发症。1 年的随访检查显示,人工晶体位于中心,无后囊翳,可观察到双眼眼底正常。兔主人证实,在随访期间和兔主人提供的视频中观察到,兔子的自主能力正常,移动准确:据我们所知,这是第一例在对患有白内障的宠物兔进行视网膜功能电图评估之前成功进行双侧乳化手术和双侧眼内人工晶体植入术的病例。
{"title":"Bilateral phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in a pet rabbit with cataracts.","authors":"Frédéric Goulle, Pauline Bodin, Héloïse Cousin, Morgane Prieto, Charles Cassagnes","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.19","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i10.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The occurrence of cataracts in rabbits is a common reason for consultation in veterinary ophthalmology.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 6-year-old female Lop rabbit (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>) was referred with a 3-month history of bilateral cataracts. The owner noted that the rabbit was frequently bumping into obstacles. Physical examination was unremarkable. Routine hemogram and biochemistry panel were within usual values, and <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi</i> were not detected by serology. A complete ophthalmological examination revealed bilateral hypermature cataracts causing total blindness. Bilateral tonometry showed normal intraocular pressures. Electroretinography (ERG) under general anesthesia revealed strong photoreceptor responses for each eye, and ocular ultrasound was normal except for bilateral hypermature cataracts. Following ERG, during the same anesthesia session, conventional phacoemulsification followed by acrylic intraocular lens (IOL; +58D) implantation was performed uneventfully in both eyes. Follow-up examinations were carried out for 1 year. Except for immediate post-operative bilateral corneal ulcers that were quickly cured with medical treatment, no other post-operative complications were observed. The 1-year follow-up examination revealed centered IOLs without posterior capsular opacity, enabling the observation of normal fundus in both eyes. The owner confirmed the rabbit had normal autonomy and moved with accuracy, as observed during follow-up visits and on videos provided by the owner.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first described case of successful bilateral phacoemulsification and bilateral intraocular lens implantation with prior electroretinographic evaluation of the retinal function in a pet rabbit with cataracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"14 10","pages":"2693-2699"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Open Veterinary Journal
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