Pub Date : 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117891
Le Thanh Tam , Le Hong Tho , Bach Thang Phan , Vu Thi Huong , Kieu The Loan Trinh , Hanh Kieu Thi Ta , Nhu Hoa Thi Tran
Hybrid structures combining two or more types of materials often exhibit superior properties compared to their individual counterparts. In particular, bimetallic plasmonic nanostructures have demonstrated remarkable enhancements in sensing applications. In this study, we investigated the SERS performance of Au–Ag bimetallic nanoparticles synthesized with varying concentrations of the stabilizer LSB. Among the investigated samples, Au–Ag (15) exhibited the most outstanding SERS activity, with an optimized particle size (∼30 nm) and stabilizer concentration, achieving a LOD of 5.42 nM and an RSD below 5 % for sulfamethoxazole detection. When integrated into a fiber-optic sensor, Au–Ag (15) also achieved a LOD of 9.3 × 10−7 M and a signal stability of 0.0038. These results highlight the strong potential of Au–Ag bimetallic nanostructures for SERS and fiber-optic–based detection of sulfamethoxazole, offering a simple synthesis process and reliable identification of analytes at low concentrations.
{"title":"Preparation of bimetallic Au–Ag nanoparticles for sulfamethoxazole detection: SERS and fiber-optic sensing approaches","authors":"Le Thanh Tam , Le Hong Tho , Bach Thang Phan , Vu Thi Huong , Kieu The Loan Trinh , Hanh Kieu Thi Ta , Nhu Hoa Thi Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid structures combining two or more types of materials often exhibit superior properties compared to their individual counterparts. In particular, bimetallic plasmonic nanostructures have demonstrated remarkable enhancements in sensing applications. In this study, we investigated the SERS performance of Au–Ag bimetallic nanoparticles synthesized with varying concentrations of the stabilizer LSB. Among the investigated samples, Au–Ag (15) exhibited the most outstanding SERS activity, with an optimized particle size (∼30 nm) and stabilizer concentration, achieving a LOD of 5.42 nM and an RSD below 5 % for sulfamethoxazole detection. When integrated into a fiber-optic sensor, Au–Ag (15) also achieved a LOD of 9.3 × 10<sup>−7</sup> M and a signal stability of 0.0038. These results highlight the strong potential of Au–Ag bimetallic nanostructures for SERS and fiber-optic–based detection of sulfamethoxazole, offering a simple synthesis process and reliable identification of analytes at low concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117891"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117890
Sonia Ghafoor, Lefei Zhang, Hongjie Huang, Pei Wang
Plasmon resonance energy transfer (PRET) enhances energy transfer between plasmonic nanostructures and fluorophores by exploiting spectral overlap, thereby strengthening the light-matter interactions. However, conventional PRET systems rely on single-mode coupling, which limits their tunability and applicability to fluorophores with broad or multipeak emission spectra. Here, we introduce a dual-mode PRET system consisting of silver nanorod arrays coupled with Rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules embedded in a PMMA matrix. By tuning the nanorod length, we achieved the simultaneous coupling of two longitudinal plasmonic resonance modes with the R6G emission band. Importantly, a strong emission peak results from the enhanced excitation and emission rates of R6G molecules caused by the well-spectral overlap between the plasmonic resonance modes of the silver nanorods and the R6G emission band, reducing the fluorescence lifetime to 0.43 ns. In contrast, weak spectral overlap produces a lower emission intensity and a longer fluorescence lifetime of 2.1 ns. The proposed PRET system can offer a tunable dual-mode platform with promising potential for next-generation biosensing, fluorescence modulation, and photonic-device applications.
{"title":"Coupling between dual resonance modes of plasmonic nanorod arrays and emission of R6G in plasmon resonance energy transfer","authors":"Sonia Ghafoor, Lefei Zhang, Hongjie Huang, Pei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plasmon resonance energy transfer (PRET) enhances energy transfer between plasmonic nanostructures and fluorophores by exploiting spectral overlap, thereby strengthening the light-matter interactions. However, conventional PRET systems rely on single-mode coupling, which limits their tunability and applicability to fluorophores with broad or multipeak emission spectra. Here, we introduce a dual-mode PRET system consisting of silver nanorod arrays coupled with Rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules embedded in a PMMA matrix. By tuning the nanorod length, we achieved the simultaneous coupling of two longitudinal plasmonic resonance modes with the R6G emission band. Importantly, a strong emission peak results from the enhanced excitation and emission rates of R6G molecules caused by the well-spectral overlap between the plasmonic resonance modes of the silver nanorods and the R6G emission band, reducing the fluorescence lifetime to 0.43 ns. In contrast, weak spectral overlap produces a lower emission intensity and a longer fluorescence lifetime of 2.1 ns. The proposed PRET system can offer a tunable dual-mode platform with promising potential for next-generation biosensing, fluorescence modulation, and photonic-device applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117890"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metasurfaces are artificially designed two-dimensional periodic structures in sub-wavelength patterns. In this work, multilayer metasurfaces with varying periodicity of magnetic and ferroelectric materials have been investigated for tunable reflectors within the UV–Visible–NIR region. Periodicity-dependent change in reflectance is observed while maintaining the same volume fraction of the individual phases in multiferroic nanocomposites. In addition, anisotropy in optical constants is observed, and it changes with periodicity. Narrowband with nearly 100 % reflectance is observed owing to the Reststrahlen band due to optical phonon resonance in the polar crystal of BCZT. Additionally, simulation results show selection of substrate is crucial for designing the metasurface of the desired optical response.
{"title":"Multiferroic 2-2 nanocomposite as tunable optical metasurface for reflector application in visible-NIR region","authors":"Gowtham Velpandi , Anantha Padmanabha Bhat , Poonam Kumari , Vishal Sahu , Ranjith Ramadurai","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metasurfaces are artificially designed two-dimensional periodic structures in sub-wavelength patterns. In this work, multilayer metasurfaces with varying periodicity of magnetic and ferroelectric materials have been investigated for tunable reflectors within the UV–Visible–NIR region. Periodicity-dependent change in reflectance is observed while maintaining the same volume fraction of the individual phases in multiferroic nanocomposites. In addition, anisotropy in optical constants is observed, and it changes with periodicity. Narrowband with nearly 100 % reflectance is observed owing to the Reststrahlen band due to optical phonon resonance in the polar crystal of BCZT. Additionally, simulation results show selection of substrate is crucial for designing the metasurface of the desired optical response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117884
Shan-Shan Kan, Yu-Xin Liu, Ming-Kun Jiang, Shi-Xuan Deng, Chun-Qiu You
Functional two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have garnered considerable attention due to their distinctive properties and wide-ranging applications, particularly in nonlinear optical (NLO) devices. This article investigates and synthesizes morphologically rich TMDs films (MX2: M = Mo, W; X = S, Se) through scalable and controllable magnetron sputtering technology, emphasizing the transition from horizontal to vertical orientation influenced by deposition parameters. By combining experimental data with numerical modeling, key growth parameters affecting the morphology of TMDs are identified. The transition from horizontal to vertical growth is achieved by carefully controlling sputtering time and power. The modulation effect of sputtering conditions and laser intensity on the nonlinear optical properties of TMDs was investigated by Z-scan technique. The optimization of substrate temperature and laser intensity can achieve the transition of TMDs from saturation absorption to anti-saturation absorption. In addition, TMDs exhibit stronger nonlinear effects under femtosecond and picosecond laser pulses. The generation, relaxation and recombination processes of excitons were investigated by using the pump-probe technique, revealing that the excitons are affected by the energy of the pump light and the exciton resonance conditions. It was demonstrated that higher energy pump light induces a stronger absorption signal. Through theoretical simulations researching transport behaviors alongside light absorption in TMDs, it becomes evident that low interfacial voltage coupled with a 90 % light absorption rate underscores their potential as exceptional field-transport devices. This study aims to provide strategic insights for enhancing NLO properties and optoelectronic efficiency, thereby supporting the application of TMDs in innovative optoelectronic devices.
功能二维过渡金属二硫族化物（TMDs）由于其独特的性质和广泛的应用，特别是在非线性光学（NLO）器件中得到了广泛的关注。本文通过可扩展可控磁控溅射技术研究并合成了形貌丰富的TMDs薄膜（MX2: M = Mo， W; X = S, Se），重点研究了沉积参数影响下从水平取向到垂直取向的转变。通过实验数据与数值模拟相结合，确定了影响tmd形貌的关键生长参数。从水平到垂直生长的过渡是通过仔细控制溅射时间和功率来实现的。利用z -扫描技术研究了溅射条件和激光强度对tmd非线性光学特性的调制效应。通过衬底温度和激光强度的优化，可以实现tmd从饱和吸收到反饱和吸收的转变。此外，tmd在飞秒和皮秒激光脉冲下表现出更强的非线性效应。利用泵浦探针技术研究了激子的产生、弛豫和复合过程，揭示了激子受泵浦光能量和激子共振条件的影响。结果表明，高能量的泵浦光产生较强的吸收信号。通过理论模拟研究tmd的输运行为和光吸收，很明显，低界面电压加上90%的光吸收率强调了它们作为特殊场输运器件的潜力。本研究旨在为提高NLO性能和光电子效率提供战略见解，从而支持tmd在创新光电器件中的应用。
{"title":"Controlled magnetron sputtering growth, nonlinear optical properties and ultrafast carrier dynamics of transition metal dichalcogenides","authors":"Shan-Shan Kan, Yu-Xin Liu, Ming-Kun Jiang, Shi-Xuan Deng, Chun-Qiu You","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functional two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have garnered considerable attention due to their distinctive properties and wide-ranging applications, particularly in nonlinear optical (NLO) devices. This article investigates and synthesizes morphologically rich TMDs films (MX<sub>2</sub>: M = Mo, W; X = S, Se) through scalable and controllable magnetron sputtering technology, emphasizing the transition from horizontal to vertical orientation influenced by deposition parameters. By combining experimental data with numerical modeling, key growth parameters affecting the morphology of TMDs are identified. The transition from horizontal to vertical growth is achieved by carefully controlling sputtering time and power. The modulation effect of sputtering conditions and laser intensity on the nonlinear optical properties of TMDs was investigated by Z-scan technique. The optimization of substrate temperature and laser intensity can achieve the transition of TMDs from saturation absorption to anti-saturation absorption. In addition, TMDs exhibit stronger nonlinear effects under femtosecond and picosecond laser pulses. The generation, relaxation and recombination processes of excitons were investigated by using the pump-probe technique, revealing that the excitons are affected by the energy of the pump light and the exciton resonance conditions. It was demonstrated that higher energy pump light induces a stronger absorption signal. Through theoretical simulations researching transport behaviors alongside light absorption in TMDs, it becomes evident that low interfacial voltage coupled with a 90 % light absorption rate underscores their potential as exceptional field-transport devices. This study aims to provide strategic insights for enhancing NLO properties and optoelectronic efficiency, thereby supporting the application of TMDs in innovative optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117884"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117893
Qingxue Zhao , Shenwei Wang , Zhengmao Wen , Yingqiang Sun , Xiaoxia Duan , Lixin Yi
Silicon nitride (Si3N4), due to its excellent thermal stability, chemical durability, and wide bandgap, has emerged as a promising host material for photonic and optoelectronic applications. Recent studies have demonstrated that doping Si3N4 with rare-earth ions can effectively tailor its photoluminescence properties, enabling near-infrared emission and quantum cutting phenomena. In this work, thin films were fabricated using the magnetron co-sputtering method. The photoluminescence properties of Si3N4:Tb3+ thin films were systematically investigated, with emphasis on the effects of preparation conditions and annealing parameters on their luminescence performance. Building on these findings,the near-infrared emission characteristics of Si3N4:Tb3+/Yb3+ thin films were studied, with a focus on the energy transfer mechanisms and quantum cutting effects. The results reveal that the quantum efficiency of the Si3N4:Tb3+/Yb3+ films reaches 162.71 %, making these materials highly attractive for next-generation solid-state lighting and optical communication devices.
{"title":"Photoluminescence and near infrared quantum cutting investigation of Si-based Si3N4 thin films doped with Tb3+ and Tb3+/Yb3+","authors":"Qingxue Zhao , Shenwei Wang , Zhengmao Wen , Yingqiang Sun , Xiaoxia Duan , Lixin Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon nitride (Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>), due to its excellent thermal stability, chemical durability, and wide bandgap, has emerged as a promising host material for photonic and optoelectronic applications. Recent studies have demonstrated that doping Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> with rare-earth ions can effectively tailor its photoluminescence properties, enabling near-infrared emission and quantum cutting phenomena. In this work, thin films were fabricated using the magnetron co-sputtering method. The photoluminescence properties of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>:Tb<sup>3+</sup> thin films were systematically investigated, with emphasis on the effects of preparation conditions and annealing parameters on their luminescence performance. Building on these findings,the near-infrared emission characteristics of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>:Tb<sup>3+</sup>/Yb<sup>3+</sup> thin films were studied, with a focus on the energy transfer mechanisms and quantum cutting effects. The results reveal that the quantum efficiency of the Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>:Tb<sup>3+</sup>/Yb<sup>3+</sup> films reaches 162.71 %, making these materials highly attractive for next-generation solid-state lighting and optical communication devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117893"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117866
Muhammad Ilyas Jahangir , Yue Shen , Haoyang Xu , Chaoqun Mu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Yao Wang , Zhixian He , Zhang Liang
The persistent release of antibiotics such as tetracycline (TC) into aquatic environments poses serious ecological and health concerns. Developing efficient, stable, and recyclable photocatalysts for antibiotic removal is therefore crucial. In this work, a bacterial cellulose-supported Bi-MOF heterojunction (Bi-BDC/BiOIO3/BC) was constructed via an in-situ self-assembly process to achieve synergistic adsorption–photocatalytic degradation of TC under visible-light irradiation. The three-dimensional bacterial cellulose (BC) framework facilitated the uniform distribution of Bi-MOF nanostructures, providing a large surface area, superior light-harvesting ability, and enhanced charge carrier separation. The optimized Bi-BDC/BiOIO3/BC composite achieved 90 % TC removal within 60 min, which was 2.7 and 3.8 times higher than that of pure BiOIO3 and Bi-BDC, respectively. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and radical trapping experiments identified ·O2− and h+ as dominant reactive species, confirming a Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further verified the narrowed bandgap and improved visible-light response resulting from heterojunction formation. The composite exhibited excellent stability, retaining over 80 % of its photocatalytic efficiency after four cycles. The integration of bacterial cellulose enhanced both adsorption and recovery properties, enabling a sustainable, recyclable photocatalyst for antibiotic wastewater treatment. This study provides a green and practical strategy for designing biomass-supported photocatalysts that couple optical efficiency with environmental remediation potential.
{"title":"Bacterial cellulose–supported Bi-MOF Z-scheme heterojunctions with enhanced optical and photocatalytic performance for tetracycline degradation","authors":"Muhammad Ilyas Jahangir , Yue Shen , Haoyang Xu , Chaoqun Mu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Yao Wang , Zhixian He , Zhang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistent release of antibiotics such as tetracycline (TC) into aquatic environments poses serious ecological and health concerns. Developing efficient, stable, and recyclable photocatalysts for antibiotic removal is therefore crucial. In this work, a bacterial cellulose-supported Bi-MOF heterojunction (Bi-BDC/BiOIO<sub>3</sub>/BC) was constructed via an in-situ self-assembly process to achieve synergistic adsorption–photocatalytic degradation of TC under visible-light irradiation. The three-dimensional bacterial cellulose (BC) framework facilitated the uniform distribution of Bi-MOF nanostructures, providing a large surface area, superior light-harvesting ability, and enhanced charge carrier separation. The optimized Bi-BDC/BiOIO<sub>3</sub>/BC composite achieved 90 % TC removal within 60 min, which was 2.7 and 3.8 times higher than that of pure BiOIO<sub>3</sub> and Bi-BDC, respectively. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and radical trapping experiments identified ·O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and h<sup>+</sup> as dominant reactive species, confirming a Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further verified the narrowed bandgap and improved visible-light response resulting from heterojunction formation. The composite exhibited excellent stability, retaining over 80 % of its photocatalytic efficiency after four cycles. The integration of bacterial cellulose enhanced both adsorption and recovery properties, enabling a sustainable, recyclable photocatalyst for antibiotic wastewater treatment. This study provides a green and practical strategy for designing biomass-supported photocatalysts that couple optical efficiency with environmental remediation potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117866"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117895
Mariia V. Voitovych , Andrey Sarikov , Volodymyr O. Yukhymchuk , Vasyl V. Voitovych , Mykola O. Semenenko
Peculiarities of formation of inclusions of amorphous Si (a-Si) phase in Si-rich Si oxynitride films grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) are studied by combined Raman scattering and infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy. The Raman scattering results identify presence of a-Si phase in the studied films at the relative Si content exceeding a threshold value of about 0.4. The a-Si amount correlates with the concentration of hydrogen in the films, the presence of which is detected by characteristic IR absorption bands corresponding to Si–H bending (∼660 cm−1) and stretching (a composite band in the range of ∼1900–2400 cm−1) vibrations. The method of deconvolution of IR absorbance spectra in the range of ∼600–1300 cm−1 developed earlier is used to reliably separate the IR band at ∼660 cm−1. This band is identified to origin from the amorphous Si phase within the studied Si oxynitride films. This makes it possible to propose IR spectroscopy with analysis of the low-wavenumber part of the spectra as an efficient method of identifying phase composition of Si-rich Si oxynitride films. The obtained results contribute to understanding of the regularities of formation of phase compositions of PECVD grown Si oxynitride films and are useful for controlling the films properties for practical applications.
{"title":"Identification of formation of amorphous Si phase in SiOxNy films produced by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition","authors":"Mariia V. Voitovych , Andrey Sarikov , Volodymyr O. Yukhymchuk , Vasyl V. Voitovych , Mykola O. Semenenko","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peculiarities of formation of inclusions of amorphous Si (a-Si) phase in Si-rich Si oxynitride films grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) are studied by combined Raman scattering and infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy. The Raman scattering results identify presence of a-Si phase in the studied films at the relative Si content exceeding a threshold value of about 0.4. The a-Si amount correlates with the concentration of hydrogen in the films, the presence of which is detected by characteristic IR absorption bands corresponding to Si–H bending (∼660 cm<sup>−1</sup>) and stretching (a composite band in the range of ∼1900–2400 cm<sup>−1</sup>) vibrations. The method of deconvolution of IR absorbance spectra in the range of ∼600–1300 cm<sup>−1</sup> developed earlier is used to reliably separate the IR band at ∼660 cm<sup>−1</sup>. This band is identified to origin from the amorphous Si phase within the studied Si oxynitride films. This makes it possible to propose IR spectroscopy with analysis of the low-wavenumber part of the spectra as an efficient method of identifying phase composition of Si-rich Si oxynitride films. The obtained results contribute to understanding of the regularities of formation of phase compositions of PECVD grown Si oxynitride films and are useful for controlling the films properties for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117895"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117894
Francisco R. Torres , Victor Hugo V. Sarmento , Hernane S. Barud , José Maurício A. Caiut
Rare earths (RE) elements are in the focus on high-tech devices, and the renewable energy transition, photonic, medicine and security. In several applications, these strategic elements are used as doping on inorganic or organic host, and the physicochemical properties were resulting from the synergism between RE and host matrix. To achieve sustainable development in photonic materials, new host based on polymers from renewable sources are required. In this work, hydrogels of gellan gum (GG) were prepared and doped with Eu3+ ion as an initial study to the development of photonic devices based on bio polymers. The GG polysaccharide structure presents groups that can act as coordination environments for the RE, but the vibration energy associated to the organic structure can quench the emitting levels and decrease the emitting efficiency from lanthanides ions. To overcome this challenge and to understand how the lanthanide ion interacts with the GG structure, this work studied the high acyl gellan gum (HAGG), and deacetylated, low acyl gellan gum (LAGG) doped with Eu3+ ion. Initially, a structural study was carried out, and the oscillatory rheology analysis allows us to recognize the role of lanthanide ions in the polymerization process, and the changes on viscoelastic properties of the polymer after doping process. These results were relevant to obtaining the free-standing films or porous solid obtained by 3D printer, also presented in this work. Secondly, a fully spectroscopic study of the Eu3+ ions doped GG showed the possible way to lanthanide interaction in host. The quenching challenge was overcome by antenna action from β-diketone ligand TTA (2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone), and a reddish emission was observed naked eye from the free-standing films. In conclusion, this work has carried out a structural study of the Eu3+-containing films, which have promising luminescent properties for use as new technologies, as also for biocompatible luminescent systems and also a new luminescent ink for 3D print.
{"title":"Rheological and spectroscopic study of Eu3+-doped low and high acyl gellan gum","authors":"Francisco R. Torres , Victor Hugo V. Sarmento , Hernane S. Barud , José Maurício A. Caiut","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rare earths (RE) elements are in the focus on high-tech devices, and the renewable energy transition, photonic, medicine and security. In several applications, these strategic elements are used as doping on inorganic or organic host, and the physicochemical properties were resulting from the synergism between RE and host matrix. To achieve sustainable development in photonic materials, new host based on polymers from renewable sources are required. In this work, hydrogels of gellan gum (GG) were prepared and doped with Eu<sup>3+</sup> ion as an initial study to the development of photonic devices based on bio polymers. The GG polysaccharide structure presents groups that can act as coordination environments for the RE, but the vibration energy associated to the organic structure can quench the emitting levels and decrease the emitting efficiency from lanthanides ions. To overcome this challenge and to understand how the lanthanide ion interacts with the GG structure, this work studied the high acyl gellan gum (HAGG), and deacetylated, low acyl gellan gum (LAGG) doped with Eu<sup>3+</sup> ion. Initially, a structural study was carried out, and the oscillatory rheology analysis allows us to recognize the role of lanthanide ions in the polymerization process, and the changes on viscoelastic properties of the polymer after doping process. These results were relevant to obtaining the free-standing films or porous solid obtained by 3D printer, also presented in this work. Secondly, a fully spectroscopic study of the Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions doped GG showed the possible way to lanthanide interaction in host. The quenching challenge was overcome by antenna action from β-diketone ligand TTA (2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone), and a reddish emission was observed naked eye from the free-standing films. In conclusion, this work has carried out a structural study of the Eu<sup>3+</sup>-containing films, which have promising luminescent properties for use as new technologies, as also for biocompatible luminescent systems and also a new luminescent ink for 3D print.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117894"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117888
Bruno D. Tibúrcio , Dawei Liang , Hugo Costa , Joana Almeida , Anita Haeussler , Emmanuel Guillot , Cláudia R. Vistas
The side-pumping of Ce:Nd:YAG solar lasers provides a more uniform solar light distribution inside the active medium compared to end-side-pumping schemes, enabling the enhancement of laser power and beam profile stability. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report on a systematic evaluation of solar laser power and beam profile stability simultaneously, as well as the simultaneous emission of multimode and TEM00-mode solar laser beams from the same pump cavity, attractive for laser material processing. Therefore, we present the first multirod side-pumped solar laser at 1064 nm in simultaneous multi-regime operation from a single laser head, with enhanced laser power and beam profile stabilities. The solar laser head was sun-pumped by the heliostat-parabolic system of Procédés Matériaux et Energie Solaire – Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (PROMES-CNRS). A total solar laser power of 7.3 W was measured, of which 5.2 W solar laser power in multimode and 2.1 W in TEM00-mode. Laser power stability was improved by factors of 1.07 and 1.05 for multimode emission and for the total multimode/TEM00-mode solar laser emissions, respectively, with enhanced beam profile stability 2.5 times higher, compared to the previous scheme. The highly stable solar laser of this work demonstrated versatility for potential applications in industrial decarbonization, such as multi-beam laser and dynamic beam shaping welding processes.
与端侧泵浦方案相比，Ce:Nd:YAG太阳能激光器的侧泵浦方案在活性介质内提供了更均匀的太阳光分布，从而增强了激光功率和光束轮廓的稳定性。然而，据我们所知，目前还没有关于同时系统评估太阳激光功率和光束轮廓稳定性，以及从同一泵浦腔同时发射多模和tem00模太阳激光束的报道，这对激光材料加工具有吸引力。因此，我们提出了第一个1064 nm的多棒侧泵浦太阳能激光器，同时从单个激光头进行多态操作，具有增强的激光功率和光束轮廓稳定性。太阳能激光头由proprosamd matsamriaux et energy Solaire - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique （PROMES-CNRS）的定日仪-抛物系统进行太阳泵送。测量到的太阳激光总功率为7.3 W，其中多模太阳激光功率为5.2 W， tem00模式太阳激光功率为2.1 W。多模发射和总多模/ tem00模式太阳激光发射的激光功率稳定性分别提高了1.07和1.05倍，光束轮廓稳定性提高了2.5倍。高稳定性的太阳能激光器在工业脱碳领域具有广泛的应用前景，如多光束激光器和动态光束成形焊接工艺。
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Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117880
Qian Zhang , Libin Tang , Menghan Jia , Liqing Yang , Kar Seng Teng , Yanfei Lü
Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots (PbS CQDs) exhibit tunable infrared bandgaps via quantum confinement but suffer from trap states predominantly localized on {100} facets, which severely degrade device performance in large CQDs due to increased facet exposure. To address the persistent challenge of fabricating high-quality large CQD films (>1.7 μm exciton peak), we developed a solution-phase exchange method to synthesize defect-controlled PbS CQDs. Furthermore, a self-powered p-i-n photodetector integrating a WOx interfacial modification layer was engineered. The WOx layer enhances contact quality at the metal electrode/PbS CQD film interface, which achieves an ultra-low dark current density of 4.54 nA cm−2 at −0.5V. Then, the device demonstrates excellent responsivity and detectivity across a broad range of illumination wavelengths, from 0.36 μm to 1.7 μm. Notably, the device achieves an exceptional detectivity for infrared light at 1.7 μm, exceeding 1010 Jones. These findings pave the way for designing and developing novel device structures for high-performance infrared photovoltaic detectors with extended wavelength capabilities.
{"title":"Ultra-low dark current self-powered 0.36–1.7 μm broadband photodetector with tungsten oxide as interface modification layer","authors":"Qian Zhang , Libin Tang , Menghan Jia , Liqing Yang , Kar Seng Teng , Yanfei Lü","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots (PbS CQDs) exhibit tunable infrared bandgaps via quantum confinement but suffer from trap states predominantly localized on {100} facets, which severely degrade device performance in large CQDs due to increased facet exposure. To address the persistent challenge of fabricating high-quality large CQD films (>1.7 μm exciton peak), we developed a solution-phase exchange method to synthesize defect-controlled PbS CQDs. Furthermore, a self-powered p-i-n photodetector integrating a WOx interfacial modification layer was engineered. The WOx layer enhances contact quality at the metal electrode/PbS CQD film interface, which achieves an ultra-low dark current density of 4.54 nA cm<sup>−2</sup> at −0.5V. Then, the device demonstrates excellent responsivity and detectivity across a broad range of illumination wavelengths, from 0.36 μm to 1.7 μm. Notably, the device achieves an exceptional detectivity for infrared light at 1.7 μm, exceeding 10<sup>10</sup> Jones. These findings pave the way for designing and developing novel device structures for high-performance infrared photovoltaic detectors with extended wavelength capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117880"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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