Persistent luminescence (PersL) materials have unique long-term separable excitation-emission properties. In this study, intrinsic near-infrared (NIR) PersL of Ti3+ is found at 760 nm in undoped Na0·5Y0·5TiO3 (NYT) after being illuminated to room light or red LED illumination. The low symmetric monoclinic perovskite structure of NYT leads to energy level splitting of Ti3+ into 2E1/2 and 1E2/2, which generates a new PersL excitation peak at ∼650 nm. Direct electron transfer from excited Ti3+ to oxygen vacancy is verified during the PersL charging process by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy which avoids cross-band transition. Further, double band visible/NIR PersL is realized by introducing Pr3+ into NYT (Na0·5Y0·5TiO3:Pr, NYT-Pr) at 614 and 760 nm, respectively. By observing the anti-Stokes PersL of Pr in NYT-Pr at 614 nm that is rechargeable at 660 nm, a phonon-assisted charging mechanism is proposed, in which Ti3+ absorbs excitation and phonon energy to realize electron transfer to oxygen vacancy (VO). Based on single band PersL NYT and double band PersL NYT-Pr, triple modal optical information encryption was realized by applying their visible fluorescence/visible PersL/invisible NIR PersL properties, showing different levels of optical information. NYT-Pr integrates traditional visible PersL by naked eyes and invisible NIR PersL imaged by CCD camera together, and will find promising applications in modern optics and bio-optics.
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