Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117964
Jan Pejchal , Petr Průša , Valentin V. Laguta , Vladimir Babin , Lenka Prouzová-Procházková , Alena Beitlerová , Romana Kučerková
We have studied luminescence and scintillation properties of LaAlO3 crystal triply codoped with 0.1%Ce, 0.1%Cr and 0.1% Mg. Such a doping invoked Ce-terminated Cr emission, a phenomenon observed earlier in other materials, but long time overlooked. The emission appeared at 418 nm under excitation into Ce3+ 4f-5d absorption bands. It is worth mentioning that such an observation was made for material where no Ce-related luminescence can be observed at all. The possible luminescence mechanism is discussed together with promising characteristics such as photoluminescence decay time around 45 ns and an overall scintillation efficiency just slightly inferior to that of BGO. However, the significant afterglow deteriorates the practical scintillation parameters. Despite that, we do believe that the described codoping strategy and deeper understanding of the luminescence and afterglow mechanisms can lead to development of new luminescence and scintillation materials where Ce3+ 5d-4f luminescence cannot usually take place, but the Ce-terminated Cr-emission can be exploited. There is also considerable room for further material optimization by the dopant concentration tuning.
{"title":"Developing new perovskite-based scintillator employing an overlooked luminescence phenomenon","authors":"Jan Pejchal , Petr Průša , Valentin V. Laguta , Vladimir Babin , Lenka Prouzová-Procházková , Alena Beitlerová , Romana Kučerková","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have studied luminescence and scintillation properties of LaAlO<sub>3</sub> crystal triply codoped with 0.1%Ce, 0.1%Cr and 0.1% Mg. Such a doping invoked Ce-terminated Cr emission, a phenomenon observed earlier in other materials, but long time overlooked. The emission appeared at 418 nm under excitation into Ce<sup>3+</sup> 4f-5d absorption bands. It is worth mentioning that such an observation was made for material where no Ce-related luminescence can be observed at all. The possible luminescence mechanism is discussed together with promising characteristics such as photoluminescence decay time around 45 ns and an overall scintillation efficiency just slightly inferior to that of BGO. However, the significant afterglow deteriorates the practical scintillation parameters. Despite that, we do believe that the described codoping strategy and deeper understanding of the luminescence and afterglow mechanisms can lead to development of new luminescence and scintillation materials where Ce<sup>3+</sup> 5d-4f luminescence cannot usually take place, but the Ce-terminated Cr-emission can be exploited. There is also considerable room for further material optimization by the dopant concentration tuning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147384684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117950
Stefan Jovanovski , Maja Popović , Mirjana Novaković , Mimoza Ristova
Tungsten-bearing compounds have attracted significant interest in recent years, especially in thin films or nano powder form, due to their photocatalytic activity stemming from their wide band gap semiconductor properties. This study presents the synthesis of mixed phase WO3–ZnWO4 films synthesized by thermal oxidation of co-sputtered metallic Zn–W films. From XRD analysis it appeared that annealing at 600 °C leads to the formation of the monoclinic Zn-tungstate phase within the WO3 matrix with crystallite size about 50 nm for both phases. The XPS analysis of the O1s peak showed mixed phase compound of WO3 matrix with about 13 at.% of ZnWO4. Raman and infrared spectroscopy further characterize the structural features, revealing the WO6 octahedral unit as main building block in the structure. The optical band gap of the annealed film was found to be 3.34 eV, indicating a wide gap semiconductor. The films displayed a UV induced Photoluminescence with broad PL spectra with emission maximum at about 2.48 eV. The study demonstrates that co-sputtering and annealing at 600 °C approach is effective for synthesizing of tungstate phase ZnWO4 within WO3 matrix.
{"title":"Structural and optical properties of mixed phase WO3 – ZnWO4 films synthesized from thermally oxidized metallic Zn–W films","authors":"Stefan Jovanovski , Maja Popović , Mirjana Novaković , Mimoza Ristova","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tungsten-bearing compounds have attracted significant interest in recent years, especially in thin films or nano powder form, due to their photocatalytic activity stemming from their wide band gap semiconductor properties. This study presents the synthesis of mixed phase WO<sub>3</sub>–ZnWO<sub>4</sub> films synthesized by thermal oxidation of co-sputtered metallic Zn–W films. From XRD analysis it appeared that annealing at 600 °C leads to the formation of the monoclinic Zn-tungstate phase within the WO<sub>3</sub> matrix with crystallite size about 50 nm for both phases. The XPS analysis of the O1s peak showed mixed phase compound of WO<sub>3</sub> matrix with about 13 at.% of ZnWO<sub>4</sub>. Raman and infrared spectroscopy further characterize the structural features, revealing the WO<sub>6</sub> octahedral unit as main building block in the structure. The optical band gap of the annealed film was found to be 3.34 eV, indicating a wide gap semiconductor. The films displayed a UV induced Photoluminescence with broad PL spectra with emission maximum at about 2.48 eV. The study demonstrates that co-sputtering and annealing at 600 °C approach is effective for synthesizing of tungstate phase ZnWO<sub>4</sub> within WO<sub>3</sub> matrix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117950"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147384774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117948
Yanhui Song , Gao Tang , Laishun Qin , Hang Yin , Qinhua Wei , Sen Qian , Yinsheng Xu , Xiaoqing Liu , Qianli Li , He Feng , Yihong Qi , Jiawei Sheng , Peiqing Cai
A series of Cu+ -doped 20Gd2O3–20B2O3–50SiO2–10MgO glasses were successfully prepared using the melt-quenching method under an air atmosphere. By introducing the solid-state reducing agent Si3N4, the valence state of Cu ions (Cu2+ → Cu+ → Cu0) was effectively and controllably adjusted. Under UV or X-ray excitation, all samples exhibited broadband emission in the visible region. The sample with the most effective Si3N4 reduction showed the best overall performance, characterized by a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 52.12%, a visible light transmittance of 80%, a decay time in the microsecond range, an X-ray excited luminescence (XEL) integrated intensity reaching 86.6% of Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO), and high spatial resolution (22.0 lp/mm). These results demonstrate that using Si3N4 as a low-cost, safe reducing agent can effectively stabilize the Cu+ luminescence center, significantly enhancing the luminescence and scintillation properties of Cu+ -doped glasses. These results provide a new approach for developing high-performance non-rare-earth glass scintillators for X-ray imaging.
{"title":"Photoluminescence and scintillation properties of Si3N4-reduced Cu ions-doped gadolinium borosilicate glasses","authors":"Yanhui Song , Gao Tang , Laishun Qin , Hang Yin , Qinhua Wei , Sen Qian , Yinsheng Xu , Xiaoqing Liu , Qianli Li , He Feng , Yihong Qi , Jiawei Sheng , Peiqing Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of Cu<sup>+</sup> -doped 20Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–20B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–50SiO<sub>2</sub>–10MgO glasses were successfully prepared using the melt-quenching method under an air atmosphere. By introducing the solid-state reducing agent Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, the valence state of Cu ions (Cu<sup>2+</sup> → Cu<sup>+</sup> → Cu<sup>0</sup>) was effectively and controllably adjusted. Under UV or X-ray excitation, all samples exhibited broadband emission in the visible region. The sample with the most effective Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> reduction showed the best overall performance, characterized by a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 52.12%, a visible light transmittance of 80%, a decay time in the microsecond range, an X-ray excited luminescence (XEL) integrated intensity reaching 86.6% of Bi<sub>4</sub>Ge<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (BGO), and high spatial resolution (22.0 lp/mm). These results demonstrate that using Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> as a low-cost, safe reducing agent can effectively stabilize the Cu<sup>+</sup> luminescence center, significantly enhancing the luminescence and scintillation properties of Cu<sup>+</sup> -doped glasses. These results provide a new approach for developing high-performance non-rare-earth glass scintillators for X-ray imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147384776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117955
A. Zakharov , A. Vavilov , A. Levshakova , A. Pilnik , E. Mitsai , A. Shevlyagin , E. Khairullina , A. Kuchmizhak , A. Manshina
We report an all-liquid, vacuum-free approach for fabricating hybrid metal–semiconductor platforms for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Silicon wafers were textured into upright (Pyr-Si) and inverted pyramids (IPyr-Si) by anisotropic alkaline etching and Cu-assisted chemical etching, respectively, both yielding broadband antireflective morphologies. Subsequent laser-induced deposition (LID) enabled surfactant-free decoration of these 3D morphologies with Au, Ag, and bimetallic AuAg nanoparticles directly in solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping versus exposure time reveal distinct Ag/Au growth modes consistent with plasmon-assisted and substrate-assisted pathways. SERS performance was benchmarked with rhodamine 6G (R6G) down to 10−12 M, delivering an enhancement factor of ∼2.9 × 109 for Ag/IPyr-Si. Practical sensing of ketoprofen and plasmon-driven catalytic dimerization of p-aminothiophenol (PATP) were also demonstrated. Compared with conventional vacuum-based techniques, this approach minimizes air exposure, lowers costs, and delivers conformal nanoparticle coverage on complex silicon morphologies, providing a scalable route to reproducible, high-performance SERS sensors and related optoelectronic interfaces.
{"title":"All-liquid laser-assisted fabrication of 3D-textured hybrid metal–semiconductor SERS platforms","authors":"A. Zakharov , A. Vavilov , A. Levshakova , A. Pilnik , E. Mitsai , A. Shevlyagin , E. Khairullina , A. Kuchmizhak , A. Manshina","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report an all-liquid, vacuum-free approach for fabricating hybrid metal–semiconductor platforms for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Silicon wafers were textured into upright (Pyr-Si) and inverted pyramids (IPyr-Si) by anisotropic alkaline etching and Cu-assisted chemical etching, respectively, both yielding broadband antireflective morphologies. Subsequent laser-induced deposition (LID) enabled surfactant-free decoration of these 3D morphologies with Au, Ag, and bimetallic AuAg nanoparticles directly in solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping versus exposure time reveal distinct Ag/Au growth modes consistent with plasmon-assisted and substrate-assisted pathways. SERS performance was benchmarked with rhodamine 6G (R6G) down to 10<sup>−12</sup> M, delivering an enhancement factor of ∼2.9 × 10<sup>9</sup> for Ag/IPyr-Si. Practical sensing of ketoprofen and plasmon-driven catalytic dimerization of p-aminothiophenol (PATP) were also demonstrated. Compared with conventional vacuum-based techniques, this approach minimizes air exposure, lowers costs, and delivers conformal nanoparticle coverage on complex silicon morphologies, providing a scalable route to reproducible, high-performance SERS sensors and related optoelectronic interfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147384781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study explores the thermal stability, optical properties and spectral down-conversion performance of Mn2+/Tm3+ co-doped fluoride glasses. Differential thermal analysis revealed that Mn2+ concentration significantly influences glass stability, with an optimal stabilization observed at lower Mn2+ content. The decrease in the optical band gap from 5.8 to 5.2 eV with increasing Mn2+ concentration (from 0 to 30 %) in the presence of Tm3+ co-doping (0.75 %), indicates the formation of new energy states introduced by Mn2+ ions within the glass matrix. Photoluminescence measurements demonstrated an effective energy transfer from Mn2+ to Tm3+ ions, resulting in a strong emission at 800 nm corresponding to Tm3+. This emission reaches its maximum at 25 % Mn2+, with a fixed Tm3+ concentration of 0.75 %. The co-doped glasses have been tested as encapsulation materials for solar cells. Despite the good energy conversion from blue to near-infrared region, no increase in cell efficiency was detected.
{"title":"Impact of Mn2+/Tm3+ co-doping on the thermal stability, optical properties and photovoltaic performance of fluoride glasses","authors":"Olfa Maalej , Bich Diep Tran , Mihaela Girtan , Brigitte Boulard","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study explores the thermal stability, optical properties and spectral down-conversion performance of Mn<sup>2+</sup>/Tm<sup>3+</sup> co-doped fluoride glasses. Differential thermal analysis revealed that Mn<sup>2+</sup> concentration significantly influences glass stability, with an optimal stabilization observed at lower Mn<sup>2+</sup> content. The decrease in the optical band gap from 5.8 to 5.2 eV with increasing Mn<sup>2+</sup> concentration (from 0 to 30 %) in the presence of Tm<sup>3+</sup> co-doping (0.75 %), indicates the formation of new energy states introduced by Mn<sup>2+</sup> ions within the glass matrix. Photoluminescence measurements demonstrated an effective energy transfer from Mn<sup>2+</sup> to Tm<sup>3+</sup> ions, resulting in a strong emission at 800 nm corresponding to Tm<sup>3+</sup>. This emission reaches its maximum at 25 % Mn<sup>2+</sup>, with a fixed Tm<sup>3+</sup> concentration of 0.75 %. The co-doped glasses have been tested as encapsulation materials for solar cells. Despite the good energy conversion from blue to near-infrared region, no increase in cell efficiency was detected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147384784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-03-02DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.118003
Osvaldo Morales , R.A. Rodríguez-Rojas , Jesus Castañeda-Contreras , Diego Esparza , Isaac Zarazua
The effect of Al3+-doped TiO2 compact layers on the performance of CdS quantum dot–sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) was investigated. QDSSCs with an FTO/TiO2 (compact, transparent, and opaque)/TiO2/CdS/ZnS/electrolyte/Cu2S architecture were fabricated. TiO2 compact layers doped with Al3+ at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 20 mM were prepared. The absorbance spectra exhibited a slight shift with increasing Al3+ doping, which is attributed to distortion of the TiO2 lattice. J–V measurements revealed an increase in power conversion efficiency from 1.31% to 1.55%, corresponding to an enhancement of approximately 18%. The light-harvesting efficiency (ηLHE), associated with the external quantum efficiency (EQE), showed improved absorption in the visible and near-infrared regions upon Al3+ incorporation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated that Al3+ introduces defect states acting as new energy levels. These states influence recombination losses through variations in the recombination resistance (Rrec) and chemical capacitance (Cμ), suggesting a shift in the energy bands consistent with n-type doping of the compact layer. Moreover, the transport resistance (Rt) decreased with Al3+ doping, promoting enhanced charge transport and collection in both the compact and mesoporous layers. Consequently, the devices exhibited an increase in current density without a significant loss in open-circuit voltage.
{"title":"Al3+ optimization effect on the TiO2 compact layer in CdS quantum dot-sensitized solar cell photoelectrodes","authors":"Osvaldo Morales , R.A. Rodríguez-Rojas , Jesus Castañeda-Contreras , Diego Esparza , Isaac Zarazua","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.118003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.118003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of Al<sup>3+</sup>-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> compact layers on the performance of CdS quantum dot–sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) was investigated. QDSSCs with an FTO/TiO<sub>2</sub> (compact, transparent, and opaque)/TiO<sub>2</sub>/CdS/ZnS/electrolyte/Cu<sub>2</sub>S architecture were fabricated. TiO<sub>2</sub> compact layers doped with Al<sup>3+</sup> at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 20 mM were prepared. The absorbance spectra exhibited a slight shift with increasing Al<sup>3+</sup> doping, which is attributed to distortion of the TiO<sub>2</sub> lattice. J–V measurements revealed an increase in power conversion efficiency from 1.31% to 1.55%, corresponding to an enhancement of approximately 18%. The light-harvesting efficiency (η<sub>LHE</sub>), associated with the external quantum efficiency (EQE), showed improved absorption in the visible and near-infrared regions upon Al<sup>3+</sup> incorporation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated that Al<sup>3+</sup> introduces defect states acting as new energy levels. These states influence recombination losses through variations in the recombination resistance (R<sub>rec</sub>) and chemical capacitance (C<sub>μ</sub>), suggesting a shift in the energy bands consistent with n-type doping of the compact layer. Moreover, the transport resistance (R<sub>t</sub>) decreased with Al<sup>3+</sup> doping, promoting enhanced charge transport and collection in both the compact and mesoporous layers. Consequently, the devices exhibited an increase in current density without a significant loss in open-circuit voltage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 118003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147384890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117866
Muhammad Ilyas Jahangir , Yue Shen , Haoyang Xu , Chaoqun Mu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Yao Wang , Zhixian He , Zhang Liang
The persistent release of antibiotics such as tetracycline (TC) into aquatic environments poses serious ecological and health concerns. Developing efficient, stable, and recyclable photocatalysts for antibiotic removal is therefore crucial. In this work, a bacterial cellulose-supported Bi-MOF heterojunction (Bi-BDC/BiOIO3/BC) was constructed via an in-situ self-assembly process to achieve synergistic adsorption–photocatalytic degradation of TC under visible-light irradiation. The three-dimensional bacterial cellulose (BC) framework facilitated the uniform distribution of Bi-MOF nanostructures, providing a large surface area, superior light-harvesting ability, and enhanced charge carrier separation. The optimized Bi-BDC/BiOIO3/BC composite achieved 90 % TC removal within 60 min, which was 2.7 and 3.8 times higher than that of pure BiOIO3 and Bi-BDC, respectively. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and radical trapping experiments identified ·O2− and h+ as dominant reactive species, confirming a Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further verified the narrowed bandgap and improved visible-light response resulting from heterojunction formation. The composite exhibited excellent stability, retaining over 80 % of its photocatalytic efficiency after four cycles. The integration of bacterial cellulose enhanced both adsorption and recovery properties, enabling a sustainable, recyclable photocatalyst for antibiotic wastewater treatment. This study provides a green and practical strategy for designing biomass-supported photocatalysts that couple optical efficiency with environmental remediation potential.
{"title":"Bacterial cellulose–supported Bi-MOF Z-scheme heterojunctions with enhanced optical and photocatalytic performance for tetracycline degradation","authors":"Muhammad Ilyas Jahangir , Yue Shen , Haoyang Xu , Chaoqun Mu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Yao Wang , Zhixian He , Zhang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistent release of antibiotics such as tetracycline (TC) into aquatic environments poses serious ecological and health concerns. Developing efficient, stable, and recyclable photocatalysts for antibiotic removal is therefore crucial. In this work, a bacterial cellulose-supported Bi-MOF heterojunction (Bi-BDC/BiOIO<sub>3</sub>/BC) was constructed via an in-situ self-assembly process to achieve synergistic adsorption–photocatalytic degradation of TC under visible-light irradiation. The three-dimensional bacterial cellulose (BC) framework facilitated the uniform distribution of Bi-MOF nanostructures, providing a large surface area, superior light-harvesting ability, and enhanced charge carrier separation. The optimized Bi-BDC/BiOIO<sub>3</sub>/BC composite achieved 90 % TC removal within 60 min, which was 2.7 and 3.8 times higher than that of pure BiOIO<sub>3</sub> and Bi-BDC, respectively. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and radical trapping experiments identified ·O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and h<sup>+</sup> as dominant reactive species, confirming a Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further verified the narrowed bandgap and improved visible-light response resulting from heterojunction formation. The composite exhibited excellent stability, retaining over 80 % of its photocatalytic efficiency after four cycles. The integration of bacterial cellulose enhanced both adsorption and recovery properties, enabling a sustainable, recyclable photocatalyst for antibiotic wastewater treatment. This study provides a green and practical strategy for designing biomass-supported photocatalysts that couple optical efficiency with environmental remediation potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117866"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117989
Fenfen Jiang , Hui Chang , Xingtao Chen
This study presents a comparative investigation into the individual and synergistic effects of Yb3+ and Eu3+ doping on the structural and photoluminescent properties of MgGa2O4 phosphors. This work demonstrates a strategy for engineering efficient red-emitting phosphors through synergistic Yb3+/Eu3+ co-doping in a defect-rich MgGa2O4 spinel host, synthesized via an ammonium sulfate-assisted homogeneous precipitation route. Rietveld refinement of XRD data reveals that the trivalent dopants preferentially occupy octahedral Ga3+ sites, inducing a controlled lattice expansion. Under ultraviolet excitation, the 1 at.% Eu3+/0.1 at.% Yb3+ co-doped sample showed the strongest characteristic red emissions. Furthermore, the intrinsic defect structure of the inverse spinel host is shown to be beneficial, as it provides the low-symmetry crystal fields necessary for activating the dominant electric dipole transition of Eu3+. Notably, the introduction of Yb3+ does not introduce strong emission centers in the red spectral region, but can effectively suppresses the host-related emission at 705 nm. This work elucidates the distinct roles of Yb3+ as a structural modifier and Eu3+ as an activator, providing insights into the design of red-emitting phosphors with tunable optical properties through selective rare-earth co-doping.
{"title":"Tuning structure and red emission in MgGa2O4: The role of Yb3+/Eu3+ co-doping via homogeneous precipitation","authors":"Fenfen Jiang , Hui Chang , Xingtao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comparative investigation into the individual and synergistic effects of Yb<sup>3+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> doping on the structural and photoluminescent properties of MgGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> phosphors. This work demonstrates a strategy for engineering efficient red-emitting phosphors through synergistic Yb<sup>3+</sup>/Eu<sup>3+</sup> co-doping in a defect-rich MgGa<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel host, synthesized via an ammonium sulfate-assisted homogeneous precipitation route. Rietveld refinement of XRD data reveals that the trivalent dopants preferentially occupy octahedral Ga<sup>3+</sup> sites, inducing a controlled lattice expansion. Under ultraviolet excitation, the 1 at.% Eu<sup>3+</sup>/0.1 at.% Yb<sup>3+</sup> co-doped sample showed the strongest characteristic red emissions. Furthermore, the intrinsic defect structure of the inverse spinel host is shown to be beneficial, as it provides the low-symmetry crystal fields necessary for activating the dominant electric dipole transition of Eu<sup>3+</sup>. Notably, the introduction of Yb<sup>3+</sup> does not introduce strong emission centers in the red spectral region, but can effectively suppresses the host-related emission at 705 nm. This work elucidates the distinct roles of Yb<sup>3+</sup> as a structural modifier and Eu<sup>3+</sup> as an activator, providing insights into the design of red-emitting phosphors with tunable optical properties through selective rare-earth co-doping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117989"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117969
Dace Nilova, Didzis Salnajs, Guna Doke, Andris Antuzevics
Ultraviolet (UV) persistent luminescence (PersL) materials are notable for their diverse applications, including sterilization, biomedical uses, and anti-counterfeiting markers. In this work, we report an in-depth investigation of luminescence, defect formation, and UV-visible PersL properties of Ce3+-activated Ca2Al2SiO7. Structural characterisation confirms successful incorporation of Ce3+ into the material. PersL excitation and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra measurements suggest photoionisation of Ce3+ to Ce4+. Thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) spectroscopy analyses reveal that the activation energies of UV-induced charge traps are in the 0.85-1.2 eV range. The PersL of Ca2Al2SiO7: Ce3+ can be detected for longer than 48 h above the 5⋅10−4 mW/m2/sr radiance threshold. Moreover, its emission reaches a power density of 12.55 mW/m2 at 10 s after UV excitation, demonstrating both a high initial signal intensity and slow decay. These results reveal crucial information about achieving optimal performance of Ca2Al2SiO7: Ce3+ as an efficient UV-visible persistent phosphor.
{"title":"Excitation-dependent ultraviolet-visible persistent luminescence and charge trapping in Ca2Al2SiO7: Ce3+","authors":"Dace Nilova, Didzis Salnajs, Guna Doke, Andris Antuzevics","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultraviolet (UV) persistent luminescence (PersL) materials are notable for their diverse applications, including sterilization, biomedical uses, and anti-counterfeiting markers. In this work, we report an in-depth investigation of luminescence, defect formation, and UV-visible PersL properties of Ce<sup>3+</sup>-activated Ca<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>7</sub>. Structural characterisation confirms successful incorporation of Ce<sup>3+</sup> into the material. PersL excitation and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra measurements suggest photoionisation of Ce<sup>3+</sup> to Ce<sup>4+</sup>. Thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) spectroscopy analyses reveal that the activation energies of UV-induced charge traps are in the 0.85-1.2 eV range. The PersL of Ca<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>7</sub>: Ce<sup>3+</sup> can be detected for longer than 48 h above the 5⋅10<sup>−4</sup> mW/m<sup>2</sup>/sr radiance threshold. Moreover, its emission reaches a power density of 12.55 mW/m<sup>2</sup> at 10 s after UV excitation, demonstrating both a high initial signal intensity and slow decay. These results reveal crucial information about achieving optimal performance of Ca<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>7</sub>: Ce<sup>3+</sup> as an efficient UV-visible persistent phosphor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117977
Guiyuan Liu, Wannan Dai, Ziyue Wang, Xiaotian Lu, Ying Ma
Metal halide perovskite (MHP) nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit outstanding optoelectronic properties, making them promising candidates for light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, their practical application is severely hindered by poor environmental stability. Specifically, violet-emitting CsPbCl3 NCs suffer from low luminescence properties because of deep-level trap-mediated non-radiative recombination. Here, we report a core-shell structure in which a CsPbCl3 NC is epitaxially coated with a Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskite shell via a hot-injection method. The resulting CsPbCl3@Cs2NaInCl6 heterostructures feature type-I band alignment, enabling effective surface defect passivation and strong charge carrier confinement within the CsPbCl3 core. As a result, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of CsPbCl3 NCs increases dramatically from 4.4% to 49.5%, accompanied by a prolonged photoluminescence lifetime and a narrower emission spectral full width at half maximum (FWHM). Beyond luminescence enhancement, the Cs2NaInCl6 shell imparts remarkable resistance against damage from water, UV irradiation, and heat. Furthermore, the same encapsulation strategy significantly improves the stability of Mn and Ni-doped CsPbCl3 (CsPbCl3:Mn and CsPbCl3:Ni) NCs. This work provides an effective strategy to simultaneously enhance luminescence performance and environmental stability of CsPbCl3 NCs through passivation with a double perovskite shell.
{"title":"Epitaxial growth of CsPbCl3@Cs2NaInCl6 core-shell nanocrystals with enhanced luminescence and stability","authors":"Guiyuan Liu, Wannan Dai, Ziyue Wang, Xiaotian Lu, Ying Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal halide perovskite (MHP) nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit outstanding optoelectronic properties, making them promising candidates for light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, their practical application is severely hindered by poor environmental stability. Specifically, violet-emitting CsPbCl<sub>3</sub> NCs suffer from low luminescence properties because of deep-level trap-mediated non-radiative recombination. Here, we report a core-shell structure in which a CsPbCl<sub>3</sub> NC is epitaxially coated with a Cs<sub>2</sub>NaInCl<sub>6</sub> double perovskite shell via a hot-injection method. The resulting CsPbCl<sub>3</sub>@Cs<sub>2</sub>NaInCl<sub>6</sub> heterostructures feature type-I band alignment, enabling effective surface defect passivation and strong charge carrier confinement within the CsPbCl<sub>3</sub> core. As a result, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of CsPbCl<sub>3</sub> NCs increases dramatically from 4.4% to 49.5%, accompanied by a prolonged photoluminescence lifetime and a narrower emission spectral full width at half maximum (FWHM). Beyond luminescence enhancement, the Cs<sub>2</sub>NaInCl<sub>6</sub> shell imparts remarkable resistance against damage from water, UV irradiation, and heat. Furthermore, the same encapsulation strategy significantly improves the stability of Mn and Ni-doped CsPbCl<sub>3</sub> (CsPbCl<sub>3</sub>:Mn and CsPbCl<sub>3</sub>:Ni) NCs. This work provides an effective strategy to simultaneously enhance luminescence performance and environmental stability of CsPbCl<sub>3</sub> NCs through passivation with a double perovskite shell.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 117977"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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