Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117869
Miaomiao Yang , Tianpeng Jia , Xiaohui An , Jing Wang , Chunxu Han , Shuai Yang , Qingqiang Meng , Haiyang Zhang , Aiping Wu
Semiconductor photocatalysis is a sustainable approach for pollutant degradation, yet its efficiency is often limited by low carrier mobility and high electron-hole recombination rates. In this study, ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets were modified with sulfonic acid groups and coupled with Bi2MoO6 via a solvothermal method to construct a sulfonic acid-bridged g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6 heterojunction photocatalyst. The composite exhibited enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity toward tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) degradation. Spectroscopic and photoelectrochemical analyses confirmed that the sulfonic acid groups acted as molecular bridges, promoting efficient charge separation and transfer between the two semiconductors. Moreover, theoretical calculations and experimental results demonstrated that both the surface modification and heterojunction structure synergistically improved carrier dynamics. The degradation pathway and toxicity evolution of TC-HCl were also elucidated via LC-MS and predictive modeling, revealing the environmental safety of the photocatalytic process. This work explores a strategy for heterojunction photocatalysts and offers insights into water treatment.
{"title":"Sulfonic-acid-bridged 2D/2D g-C3N4/Bi2MoO6 heterojunctions for efficient photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride and toxicity assessment","authors":"Miaomiao Yang , Tianpeng Jia , Xiaohui An , Jing Wang , Chunxu Han , Shuai Yang , Qingqiang Meng , Haiyang Zhang , Aiping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Semiconductor photocatalysis is a sustainable approach for pollutant degradation, yet its efficiency is often limited by low carrier mobility and high electron-hole recombination rates. In this study, ultrathin g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanosheets were modified with sulfonic acid groups and coupled with Bi<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>6</sub> via a solvothermal method to construct a sulfonic acid-bridged g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>6</sub> heterojunction photocatalyst. The composite exhibited enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity toward tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) degradation. Spectroscopic and photoelectrochemical analyses confirmed that the sulfonic acid groups acted as molecular bridges, promoting efficient charge separation and transfer between the two semiconductors. Moreover, theoretical calculations and experimental results demonstrated that both the surface modification and heterojunction structure synergistically improved carrier dynamics. The degradation pathway and toxicity evolution of TC-HCl were also elucidated via LC-MS and predictive modeling, revealing the environmental safety of the photocatalytic process. This work explores a strategy for heterojunction photocatalysts and offers insights into water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117869"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117868
S. Gálvez-Barbosa , Ana K. Barajas , Luis A. González , Luis A. Bretado , Mayra L. Melgoza-Ramírez
This study presents a novel green synthesis of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) using an aqueous extract of Taraxacum officinale as a phytochemical-rich reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized NPs were evaluated as photocatalysts for the degradation of crystal violet (CV) under natural sunlight, and the phytotoxicity of the treated water was assessed to demonstrate its environmental safety and potential for reuse. ZnFe2O4 NPs were synthesized using extract concentrations of 0.015, 0.020, and 0.030 g/ml, followed by calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. Phytochemicals from the plant extract involved in NP formation were identified using UV–Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, and phytochemical analysis. FT-IR and XRD analyses confirmed the formation of a single-phase ZnFe2O4 spinel structure, while FE-SEM and HR-TEM revealed predominantly icosahedral NPs with sizes ranging from 10 to 12 nm. The optical bandgap and various optical parameters were determined. Under natural sunlight, the ZnFe2O4 NPs exhibited efficient photocatalytic degradation of CV (91.5 % for the 0.030 g/ml sample) with excellent morphological and structural stability after three reuse cycles. Radical scavenger tests identified ·OH and ·O2− as the main reactive species involved in the photocatalytic degradation of CV. Phytotoxicity assays showed that, compared with untreated water, the treated water enhanced seed germination (88.8 %) and root growth (1.59 cm), demonstrating its low toxicity and potential for sustainable water reuse.
{"title":"Green synthesis of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles using Taraxacum officinale extract for photocatalysis and seed germination in treated water","authors":"S. Gálvez-Barbosa , Ana K. Barajas , Luis A. González , Luis A. Bretado , Mayra L. Melgoza-Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel green synthesis of ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) using an aqueous extract of <em>Taraxacum officinale</em> as a phytochemical-rich reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized NPs were evaluated as photocatalysts for the degradation of crystal violet (CV) under natural sunlight, and the phytotoxicity of the treated water was assessed to demonstrate its environmental safety and potential for reuse. ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs were synthesized using extract concentrations of 0.015, 0.020, and 0.030 g/ml, followed by calcination at 500 °C for 2 h. Phytochemicals from the plant extract involved in NP formation were identified using UV–Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, and phytochemical analysis. FT-IR and XRD analyses confirmed the formation of a single-phase ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel structure, while FE-SEM and HR-TEM revealed predominantly icosahedral NPs with sizes ranging from 10 to 12 nm. The optical bandgap and various optical parameters were determined. Under natural sunlight, the ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs exhibited efficient photocatalytic degradation of CV (91.5 % for the 0.030 g/ml sample) with excellent morphological and structural stability after three reuse cycles. Radical scavenger tests identified ·OH and ·O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> as the main reactive species involved in the photocatalytic degradation of CV. Phytotoxicity assays showed that, compared with untreated water, the treated water enhanced seed germination (88.8 %) and root growth (1.59 cm), demonstrating its low toxicity and potential for sustainable water reuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this investigation, CeMgO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple co-precipitation technique, wherein the magnesium concentration was systematically varied to modify the optical and electrical properties of the material. This precise compositional engineering induced significant modifications in the structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of CeMgO2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of a well-defined hexagonal crystal structure, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a finely textured surface morphology with uniform particle distribution. Optical characterization using UV–Vis spectrophotometry demonstrated a substantial enhancement in transmittance, increasing from 89 % to 98 %, accompanied by a corresponding decrease in reflectance and absorbance. Additionally, the optical bandgap (Eg) exhibited a notable changing from 3.57 eV to 3.86 eV, while the Urbach energy (EU) decreased from 0.25 eV to 0.11 eV with increasing Mg concentration, indicating improved crystallinity and reduced structural disorder. Leveraging these optimized properties, CeMgO2 was integrated as the electron transport layer (ETL), and BaSi2 was employed as the hole transport layer (HTL) in the design of a CeMgO2/MAFASnBrI3/BaSi2 proposed solar cell. The device exhibited efficient photon-to-electron conversion within the spectral range of 324–1100 nm. Through systematic device optimization, the proposed structure achieved a efficiency of 28.29 %, highlighting the auspicious potential of these materials in advancing high-performance photovoltaic technologies. Overall, this study establishes a robust synthesis structure property relationship for CeMgO2 and highlights its applicability as a next-generation ETL, thereby concrete the way for efficient, scalable, and cost-effective solar energy solutions.
{"title":"High-efficiency solar cells enabled by CeMgO2 nanoparticles in a CeMgO2/MAFASnBrI3/BaSi2 architecture","authors":"Raushan Kumar , Alisha Priya , Ganesh L. Agawane , Vikash Kumar , Baruna Kumar Turuk","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this investigation, CeMgO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple co-precipitation technique, wherein the magnesium concentration was systematically varied to modify the optical and electrical properties of the material. This precise compositional engineering induced significant modifications in the structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of CeMgO<sub>2</sub>. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of a well-defined hexagonal crystal structure, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a finely textured surface morphology with uniform particle distribution. Optical characterization using UV–Vis spectrophotometry demonstrated a substantial enhancement in transmittance, increasing from 89 % to 98 %, accompanied by a corresponding decrease in reflectance and absorbance. Additionally, the optical bandgap (E<sub>g</sub>) exhibited a notable changing from 3.57 eV to 3.86 eV, while the Urbach energy (E<sub>U</sub>) decreased from 0.25 eV to 0.11 eV with increasing Mg concentration, indicating improved crystallinity and reduced structural disorder. Leveraging these optimized properties, CeMgO<sub>2</sub> was integrated as the electron transport layer (ETL), and BaSi<sub>2</sub> was employed as the hole transport layer (HTL) in the design of a CeMgO<sub>2</sub>/MAFASnBrI<sub>3</sub>/BaSi<sub>2</sub> proposed solar cell. The device exhibited efficient photon-to-electron conversion within the spectral range of 324–1100 nm. Through systematic device optimization, the proposed structure achieved a efficiency of 28.29 %, highlighting the auspicious potential of these materials in advancing high-performance photovoltaic technologies. Overall, this study establishes a robust synthesis structure property relationship for CeMgO<sub>2</sub> and highlights its applicability as a next-generation ETL, thereby concrete the way for efficient, scalable, and cost-effective solar energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we report for the first time the application of MnCo2O4 as a photocatalyst for Rhodamine B (RhB) removal under visible light irradiation. MnCo2O4 was synthesized via a co-precipitation method followed by calcination at 900 °C, yielding a crystalline spinel phase. The material was comprehensively characterized using XRD, SEM-EDS, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), PL, dielectric spectroscopy, and valence band analysis to elucidate its structural, optical, electronic, and dielectric properties. The catalyst exhibited a pure spinel structure, a direct band gap of 1.92 eV, and favourable optoelectronic features enabling effective charge carrier separation. Photocatalytic tests revealed a degradation efficiency of 73.32 % within 90 min with a rate constant of 0.01335 min−1, nearly 18.5 times higher than photolysis. The catalyst also demonstrated good stability and reusability over six cycles. Scavenger tests identified hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and photogenerated holes (h+) as the main reactive species, with superoxide radicals (•O2−) playing a secondary role. A plausible degradation mechanism was proposed based on these findings, confirming the potential of MnCo2O4 as an efficient and recyclable photocatalyst for wastewater treatment.
{"title":"MnCo2O4 spinel: a novel visible light photocatalyst for efficient removing Rhodamine B","authors":"Khaled Derkaoui , Mohamed Mehdi Kaci , Ismail Bencherifa , Amal Elfiad , Ilyas Belkhettab , Khadidja Boukhouidem , Yamina Mebdoua , Toufik Hadjersi , Imane Akkari , Mohamed Kechouane , Mohamed Trari","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we report for the first time the application of MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as a photocatalyst for Rhodamine B (RhB) removal under visible light irradiation. MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was synthesized via a co-precipitation method followed by calcination at 900 °C, yielding a crystalline spinel phase. The material was comprehensively characterized using XRD, SEM-EDS, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), PL, dielectric spectroscopy, and valence band analysis to elucidate its structural, optical, electronic, and dielectric properties. The catalyst exhibited a pure spinel structure, a direct band gap of 1.92 eV, and favourable optoelectronic features enabling effective charge carrier separation. Photocatalytic tests revealed a degradation efficiency of 73.32 % within 90 min with a rate constant of 0.01335 min<sup>−1</sup>, nearly 18.5 times higher than photolysis. The catalyst also demonstrated good stability and reusability over six cycles. Scavenger tests identified hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and photogenerated holes (h<sup>+</sup>) as the main reactive species, with superoxide radicals (•O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) playing a secondary role. A plausible degradation mechanism was proposed based on these findings, confirming the potential of MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as an efficient and recyclable photocatalyst for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117861"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a copper-redox-mediated thermodynamic inversion in the viscosity-temperature (η-T) behavior of alkali borosilicate glasses, governed by the stoichiometric alkali/borate ratio (RNa2O/B2O3 molar ratio). Integrated high-temperature viscometry (1000–1600 °C) and multiscale structural spectroscopy across R = 0.11–0.42 establish that the Avramov-Milchev (AM) equation surpasses conventional models (VFT, AG) with minimal glass transition temperature (Tg) deviation (ΔT = 30.4 °C). Crucially, the presence of copper dopants (at 0.5 mol%) is associated with an accentuated dual-regime kinetic competition: Below 900 °C, R-driven [BO3]→[BO4] conversion (+8.2 % tetrahedral boron, quantified via Raman) elevates viscosity by 1.5 orders through enhanced B–O–Si cross-linking. Above 900 °C, thermally activated silicate fragmentation (Q3→Q2 transition: −11.8 %) reduces activation energy by 28 % and characteristic temperatures by 144–378 °C. This inversion demarcates a fundamental thermodynamic threshold (ΔG{Si–O}<0), revealing design principles for polarizing glass processing via configurational entropy engineering.
{"title":"Copper-redox mediated thermodynamic inversion in borosilicate glass viscosity: decoupling competing network polymerization/fragmentation via alkali-borate stoichiometry","authors":"Dongmei Wu , Donghua Wu , Huayue Liang , Jinyang Feng , Xiujian Zhao , Liang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a copper-redox-mediated thermodynamic inversion in the viscosity-temperature (η-T) behavior of alkali borosilicate glasses, governed by the stoichiometric alkali/borate ratio (R<img>Na<sub>2</sub>O/B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> molar ratio). Integrated high-temperature viscometry (1000–1600 °C) and multiscale structural spectroscopy across R = 0.11–0.42 establish that the Avramov-Milchev (AM) equation surpasses conventional models (VFT, AG) with minimal glass transition temperature (Tg) deviation (ΔT = 30.4 °C). Crucially, the presence of copper dopants (at 0.5 mol%) is associated with an accentuated dual-regime kinetic competition: Below 900 °C, R-driven [BO<sub>3</sub>]→[BO<sub>4</sub>] conversion (+8.2 % tetrahedral boron, quantified via Raman) elevates viscosity by 1.5 orders through enhanced B–O–Si cross-linking. Above 900 °C, thermally activated silicate fragmentation (Q<sup>3</sup>→Q<sup>2</sup> transition: −11.8 %) reduces activation energy by 28 % and characteristic temperatures by 144–378 °C. This inversion demarcates a fundamental thermodynamic threshold (ΔG<sub>{Si</sub>–<sub>O}</sub><0), revealing design principles for polarizing glass processing via configurational entropy engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117877"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117858
Hongxia Guan
A series of single-phase phosphors with Dy3+, Eu3+ ions co-doping, K5La(MoO4)4 (KLMO), were synthesized by the high-temperature solid-state method. The crystal structure and luminescent properties of these powders were systematically investigated. By adjusting the concentration of Dy3+ ions, the KLMO: Dy3+ phosphors were successfully controlled to exhibit a continuous transition from blue to cool white light to yellow light. Based on the energy transfer mechanism, the luminescent efficiency of Eu ions was significantly improved, with the energy transfer efficiency from Dy3+ to Eu3+ reaching up to 53 %. By modulating the concentration of activator ions, the emission color of the phosphor was continuously tuned from yellow to red, and warm white light emission was successfully realized. Furthermore, the prepared phosphor exhibits excellent resistance to thermal quenching (I423K/I273K = 83 %). The pc-wLED fabricated by integrating commercial 365 nm n-UV chips with KLMO: Dy3+, Eu3+ demonstrates superior luminescent performance, with a low CCT of 3686 K, and a high CRI value reaching 81.6. These results indicate that the KLMO: Dy3+, Eu3+ phosphors exhibit significant potential as single-phase luminescent materials in healthy lighting and optical anti-counterfeiting.
{"title":"A novel single-phase phosphor with tunable luminescence and high thermal stability for white LEDs and anti-counterfeiting","authors":"Hongxia Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of single-phase phosphors with Dy<sup>3+</sup>, Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions co-doping, K<sub>5</sub>La(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub> (KLMO), were synthesized by the high-temperature solid-state method. The crystal structure and luminescent properties of these powders were systematically investigated. By adjusting the concentration of Dy<sup>3+</sup> ions, the KLMO: Dy<sup>3+</sup> phosphors were successfully controlled to exhibit a continuous transition from blue to cool white light to yellow light. Based on the energy transfer mechanism, the luminescent efficiency of Eu ions was significantly improved, with the energy transfer efficiency from Dy<sup>3+</sup> to Eu<sup>3+</sup> reaching up to 53 %. By modulating the concentration of activator ions, the emission color of the phosphor was continuously tuned from yellow to red, and warm white light emission was successfully realized. Furthermore, the prepared phosphor exhibits excellent resistance to thermal quenching (I<sub>423K</sub>/I<sub>273K</sub> = 83 %). The pc-wLED fabricated by integrating commercial 365 nm n-UV chips with KLMO: Dy<sup>3+</sup>, Eu<sup>3+</sup> demonstrates superior luminescent performance, with a low CCT of 3686 K, and a high CRI value reaching 81.6. These results indicate that the KLMO: Dy<sup>3+</sup>, Eu<sup>3+</sup> phosphors exhibit significant potential as single-phase luminescent materials in healthy lighting and optical anti-counterfeiting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117858"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117856
Zhupeng Liu, Zhongli Zhu
A series of Lu0.5Y0.5(PO4)0.4(VO4)0.6 phosphors, including Ce3+ singly doped, Ce3+-Dy3+ doubly doped, and Ce3+-Dy3+-Sm3+ triply doped samples, were prepared via the hydrothermal method. The tetragonal structure and the presence of PO43−/VO43− groups in the synthesized phosphors were confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses, respectively. Their photoluminescence, quantum yield, and thermal stability were subsequently characterized. While x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to confirm the overall elemental composition of the phosphors. Lifetime measurements reveal a Ce3+ → Dy3+ energy transfer (ET) process in the co-doped phosphor, as well as both Ce3+ → Dy3+ and Ce3+ → Sm3+ ET processes in the triply doped phosphor. The Lu0.476Y0.5(PO4)0.4(VO4)0.6: 0.004Ce3+, 0.01Dy3+, 0.01Sm3+ phosphor demonstrates a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5348 K, with commission internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates at (0.3356, 0.3320) and a color purity (CP) of 0.71 %. Furthermore, the quantum yield (QY) and energy change (ΔE) value of the material were measured to be 9.05 % and 0.23 eV, respectively, which are indicative of its quantum efficiency and thermal stability, respectively. The phosphor Lu0.476Y0.5(PO4)0.4(VO4)0.6: 0.004Ce3+, 0.01Dy3+, 0.01Sm3+ can be formulated into a luminescent ink for anti-counterfeiting applications on paper-based and plastic packaging shells.
{"title":"Study on the preparation and properties of Ce3+, Dy3+, Sm3+ co-doped Lu0.5Y0.5(PO4)0.4(VO4)0.6 phosphor","authors":"Zhupeng Liu, Zhongli Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of Lu<sub>0.5</sub>Y<sub>0.5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>0.4</sub>(VO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>0.6</sub> phosphors, including Ce<sup>3+</sup> singly doped, Ce<sup>3+</sup>-Dy<sup>3+</sup> doubly doped, and Ce<sup>3+</sup>-Dy<sup>3+</sup>-Sm<sup>3+</sup> triply doped samples, were prepared via the hydrothermal method. The tetragonal structure and the presence of PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup>/VO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> groups in the synthesized phosphors were confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses, respectively. Their photoluminescence, quantum yield, and thermal stability were subsequently characterized. While x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to confirm the overall elemental composition of the phosphors. Lifetime measurements reveal a Ce<sup>3+</sup> → Dy<sup>3+</sup> energy transfer (ET) process in the co-doped phosphor, as well as both Ce<sup>3+</sup> → Dy<sup>3+</sup> and Ce<sup>3+</sup> → Sm<sup>3+</sup> ET processes in the triply doped phosphor. The Lu<sub>0.476</sub>Y<sub>0.5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>0.4</sub>(VO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>0.6</sub>: 0.004Ce<sup>3+</sup>, 0.01Dy<sup>3+</sup>, 0.01Sm<sup>3+</sup> phosphor demonstrates a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5348 K, with commission internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates at (0.3356, 0.3320) and a color purity (CP) of 0.71 %. Furthermore, the quantum yield (QY) and energy change (<em>ΔE</em>) value of the material were measured to be 9.05 % and 0.23 eV, respectively, which are indicative of its quantum efficiency and thermal stability, respectively. The phosphor Lu<sub>0.476</sub>Y<sub>0.5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>0.4</sub>(VO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>0.6</sub>: 0.004Ce<sup>3+</sup>, 0.01Dy<sup>3+</sup>, 0.01Sm<sup>3+</sup> can be formulated into a luminescent ink for anti-counterfeiting applications on paper-based and plastic packaging shells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117856"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117854
Atilla Mert Dülcel , Melike Gözek , Özhan Ünverdi , Cem Çelebi
Gr/4H–SiC and Ni/Cr/4H–SiC Schottky junction UV photodetectors were fabricated and investigated to reveal the effect of electrode materials on the device performance such as spectral response and response speed. I–V characterization, spectral response, and response speed (on-off) measurements were conducted for the UV wavelength range between 200 and 400 nm. The maximum photo-responsivity was obtained as 0.081 A/W for Gr/4H–SiC and 0.041 A/W for Ni/Cr/4H–SiC at a wavelength of 260 nm. This result was attributed to the higher optical transmittance of the graphene electrode compared to the semitransparent Ni/Cr electrode. Zero bias response speed measurements were done under 280 nm wavelength UV light pulsed at different frequencies such as 100 Hz, 500 Hz, and 1000 Hz. The Gr/4H–SiC and Ni/Cr/4H–SiC photodetectors show distinctly different decay times of 5.04 ms and 305.1 μs, respectively, while their rise times were found to be similar. This observation has been explained by the inclination of graphene to act as a trap site for photogenerated holes.
{"title":"Comparison of the photoresponse characteristics for 4H–SiC Schottky barrier UV photodetector with graphene and Ni/Cr electrode","authors":"Atilla Mert Dülcel , Melike Gözek , Özhan Ünverdi , Cem Çelebi","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gr/4H–SiC and Ni/Cr/4H–SiC Schottky junction UV photodetectors were fabricated and investigated to reveal the effect of electrode materials on the device performance such as spectral response and response speed. I–V characterization, spectral response, and response speed (on-off) measurements were conducted for the UV wavelength range between 200 and 400 nm. The maximum photo-responsivity was obtained as 0.081 A/W for Gr/4H–SiC and 0.041 A/W for Ni/Cr/4H–SiC at a wavelength of 260 nm. This result was attributed to the higher optical transmittance of the graphene electrode compared to the semitransparent Ni/Cr electrode. Zero bias response speed measurements were done under 280 nm wavelength UV light pulsed at different frequencies such as 100 Hz, 500 Hz, and 1000 Hz. The Gr/4H–SiC and Ni/Cr/4H–SiC photodetectors show distinctly different decay times of 5.04 ms and 305.1 μs, respectively, while their rise times were found to be similar. This observation has been explained by the inclination of graphene to act as a trap site for photogenerated holes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117854"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117845
Wenjia Xie , Zafari Umar , Fuwang Mo , Ziyi Hong , Linyun Zeng , Chunli Li , Wenjing Huang , Jiahui Zhang , Chunyan Zhou , Tingting Zhang , Xinguo Zhang
Ca6-xBaP4O17: xCr (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.16) solid solution is prepared by a two-step conventional solid state reaction. The colors of as-obtained compounds change from white (x = 0) through meadow green (x = 0.08) to dark green (x = 0.16). The dopant valence and site preference were elucidated by DFT calculation. In 13 different substitution scenarios, the lowest formation energy is found as the case when Cr4+ locates at Ca site. Optical measurements further verifies that the observed green color is due to d-d transitions of octahedral Cr4+. According to UV–visible reflectance spectra, the color is determined by Cr4+ spin-allowed 3A2→3T1(3F) absorption, and the crystal field strength (Dq/B) is calculated to be 1.334 in Ca6BaP4O17: Cr, indicating a weak crystal field that Cr4+ situated. The Ca6BaP4O17: Cr pigment shows excellent color stability in acid, base and heat environments. All results showed that Ca6BaP4O17: Cr could act as a new green pigment with good colorization capability and excellent stability characteristic.
{"title":"Synthesis and optical properties of chrome-doped Ca6BaP4O17 compound with vivid meadow green color","authors":"Wenjia Xie , Zafari Umar , Fuwang Mo , Ziyi Hong , Linyun Zeng , Chunli Li , Wenjing Huang , Jiahui Zhang , Chunyan Zhou , Tingting Zhang , Xinguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ca<sub>6-<em>x</em></sub>BaP<sub>4</sub>O<sub>17</sub>: <em>x</em>Cr (0 ≤ <em>x</em> ≤ 0.16) solid solution is prepared by a two-step conventional solid state reaction. The colors of as-obtained compounds change from white (<em>x</em> = 0) through meadow green (<em>x</em> = 0.08) to dark green (<em>x</em> = 0.16). The dopant valence and site preference were elucidated by DFT calculation. In 13 different substitution scenarios, the lowest formation energy is found as the case when Cr<sup>4+</sup> locates at Ca site. Optical measurements further verifies that the observed green color is due to <em>d-d</em> transitions of octahedral Cr<sup>4+</sup>. According to UV–visible reflectance spectra, the color is determined by Cr<sup>4+</sup> spin-allowed <sup>3</sup>A<sub>2</sub>→<sup>3</sup>T<sub>1</sub>(<sup>3</sup>F) absorption, and the crystal field strength (Dq/B) is calculated to be 1.334 in Ca<sub>6</sub>BaP<sub>4</sub>O<sub>17</sub>: Cr, indicating a weak crystal field that Cr<sup>4+</sup> situated. The Ca<sub>6</sub>BaP<sub>4</sub>O<sub>17</sub>: Cr pigment shows excellent color stability in acid, base and heat environments. All results showed that Ca<sub>6</sub>BaP<sub>4</sub>O<sub>17</sub>: Cr could act as a new green pigment with good colorization capability and excellent stability characteristic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117845"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117846
Kun Yan , Xingchen Liu , Wanda Kang , Rajendran Kalimuthu , Shenglin Ye , Jun Feng
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) possess excellent ultraviolet absorption, tunable photoluminescence, and environmental friendliness, making them strong candidates as phosphor alternatives for white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). However, lighting devices based on single-component CQDs that enable continuously tunable correlated color temperature (CCT) remain relatively rare. In this study, we synthesized dual-emissive boron and nitrogen co-doped CQDs (B, N-CQDs) through a facile solvothermal approach, utilizing citric acid, 1,8-diaminonaphthalene, and boric acid as precursor materials. The obtained B, N-CQDs show bright white fluorescence with a high quantum yield (QY) of 35.4 % and dual emission peaks at 475 and 575 nm. Structural and optical characterization revealed that the short-wavelength emission state originates from surface states modified by boron hydroxyl bonds, while the long-wavelength emission is caused by additional electronic states introduced through doping. WLEDs fabricated using B, N-CQDs exhibit a sinusoidal correlation between their CCT and excitation wavelength. Therefore, CCT can be adjusted with near-infinite precision by altering the excitation wavelength of the UV chip; when the excitation wavelength changes from 325 to 380 nm, the CCT can be adjusted from 4218 K to 6072 K. This study provides a novel pathway toward environmentally friendly and high-performance WLEDs for multiple scenarios.
{"title":"Continuously tunable correlated color temperature white light-emitting diodes based on boron and nitrogen Co-doped carbon quantum dots","authors":"Kun Yan , Xingchen Liu , Wanda Kang , Rajendran Kalimuthu , Shenglin Ye , Jun Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) possess excellent ultraviolet absorption, tunable photoluminescence, and environmental friendliness, making them strong candidates as phosphor alternatives for white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). However, lighting devices based on single-component CQDs that enable continuously tunable correlated color temperature (CCT) remain relatively rare. In this study, we synthesized dual-emissive boron and nitrogen co-doped CQDs (B, N-CQDs) through a facile solvothermal approach, utilizing citric acid, 1,8-diaminonaphthalene, and boric acid as precursor materials. The obtained B, N-CQDs show bright white fluorescence with a high quantum yield (QY) of 35.4 % and dual emission peaks at 475 and 575 nm. Structural and optical characterization revealed that the short-wavelength emission state originates from surface states modified by boron hydroxyl bonds, while the long-wavelength emission is caused by additional electronic states introduced through doping. WLEDs fabricated using B, N-CQDs exhibit a sinusoidal correlation between their CCT and excitation wavelength. Therefore, CCT can be adjusted with near-infinite precision by altering the excitation wavelength of the UV chip; when the excitation wavelength changes from 325 to 380 nm, the CCT can be adjusted from 4218 K to 6072 K. This study provides a novel pathway toward environmentally friendly and high-performance WLEDs for multiple scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19564,"journal":{"name":"Optical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 117846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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