J. Lachapelle, Matt Murasan, A. Kindle, B. Nugent, Dan Guyon, C. Segura
Stimulation and Recording of peripheral neurons allowing haptic sensation of prosthetics is only one of many applications targeted by DARPA [7]. One challenge is the use of multiple electrode arrays in multiple fascicles of multiple nerves, making up to hundreds of electrode sites. In this paper, an in-vivo optimized serial communications approach is implemented which allows minimal wiring starting from a central hub to multiple smart tiny active modules with "city" addresses, each containing smart mixed signal custom ASICs with "city street" addresses and electrode sites with "house" addresses.
{"title":"Design of In-Vivo Communications that Allow Multiple Active Implants","authors":"J. Lachapelle, Matt Murasan, A. Kindle, B. Nugent, Dan Guyon, C. Segura","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.90","url":null,"abstract":"Stimulation and Recording of peripheral neurons allowing haptic sensation of prosthetics is only one of many applications targeted by DARPA [7]. One challenge is the use of multiple electrode arrays in multiple fascicles of multiple nerves, making up to hundreds of electrode sites. In this paper, an in-vivo optimized serial communications approach is implemented which allows minimal wiring starting from a central hub to multiple smart tiny active modules with \"city\" addresses, each containing smart mixed signal custom ASICs with \"city street\" addresses and electrode sites with \"house\" addresses.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128277151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biomedical technology promises to improve our health and well-being. Curiously, some promising technologies have threatened our sacrosanct right to privacy, offended our disabled citizens, and provided fodder for our tort system. A novel course, Impacts of Biomedical Innovations, challenges students to critically evaluate existing medical devices and biomedical technologies, including their benefits, and intended and unintended effects on healthcare and legal systems, public policy, and society. Later, students apply what they have learned to assess novel and emerging technologies. Furthermore, they discover ways scientists, legislators, lawyers, ethicists, industry leaders and engineers address biomedical device and technology issues. Ethical issues have been woven into class discussions and coursework. For example, students examined healthcare inequities in the African American community using a set of videotaped talks given by a civil rights lawyer, a surgeon and a biomedical engineer. The students then created discussion guides for use with these videos. In another example, students debated whether or not biomedical engineers should create devices to aid in judicial executions. This debate involved discussions of whether or not it is ethical to end the life of another human being, and if biomedical engineers should be bound by the Hippocratic oath. This course has been taught four times at the undergraduate and/or graduate level. At the graduate level, students select the last four topics. The methodology used in this class ranged from small group discussions to mock Congressional testimonies. Sample topics and methodologies used in this course will be presented in this talk.
{"title":"Novel \"Impacts of Biomedical Innovations\" Course Integrates Ethics","authors":"T. Murray","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.44","url":null,"abstract":"Biomedical technology promises to improve our health and well-being. Curiously, some promising technologies have threatened our sacrosanct right to privacy, offended our disabled citizens, and provided fodder for our tort system. A novel course, Impacts of Biomedical Innovations, challenges students to critically evaluate existing medical devices and biomedical technologies, including their benefits, and intended and unintended effects on healthcare and legal systems, public policy, and society. Later, students apply what they have learned to assess novel and emerging technologies. Furthermore, they discover ways scientists, legislators, lawyers, ethicists, industry leaders and engineers address biomedical device and technology issues. Ethical issues have been woven into class discussions and coursework. For example, students examined healthcare inequities in the African American community using a set of videotaped talks given by a civil rights lawyer, a surgeon and a biomedical engineer. The students then created discussion guides for use with these videos. In another example, students debated whether or not biomedical engineers should create devices to aid in judicial executions. This debate involved discussions of whether or not it is ethical to end the life of another human being, and if biomedical engineers should be bound by the Hippocratic oath. This course has been taught four times at the undergraduate and/or graduate level. At the graduate level, students select the last four topics. The methodology used in this class ranged from small group discussions to mock Congressional testimonies. Sample topics and methodologies used in this course will be presented in this talk.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"313 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120847841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raman Spectroscopy provides a non-invasive approach to study cells and tissues, and its ability to provide biochemical composition information of samples shows great importance for the research, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, conventional Raman Spectroscopy suffers from weak signal strength observed in many biological samples. Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy (SERRS) can overcome this disadvantage with the presence of roughened nano-dimensional noble-metal surfaces. In order to study the role of integrins in breast cancer invasiveness, gold nanostars were conjugated with cyclo-RGDf/k peptide for targeting integrins on breast cancer cells and high-speed Raman mapping was employed to assess the samples. Due to the high dimensionality of the datasets collected through SERRS, we have proposed a semi-supervised framework combining feature selection and classification techniques for nanostars detection and tested our method on a breast cancer cells. The results show the advantage of our framework over other data mining technique and potentially provide a new method for evaluating the role of integrins in tumor development. Also, the features selected can possibly be used for further studies on compositional changes observed during the process of breast cancer progression and metastasis.
{"title":"Detecting Silica-Coated Gold Nanostars within Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Mapping via Semi-Supervised Framework Combining Feature Selection and Classification","authors":"Jiaxing Pi, Michael B. Fenn, P. Pardalos","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.27","url":null,"abstract":"Raman Spectroscopy provides a non-invasive approach to study cells and tissues, and its ability to provide biochemical composition information of samples shows great importance for the research, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, conventional Raman Spectroscopy suffers from weak signal strength observed in many biological samples. Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy (SERRS) can overcome this disadvantage with the presence of roughened nano-dimensional noble-metal surfaces. In order to study the role of integrins in breast cancer invasiveness, gold nanostars were conjugated with cyclo-RGDf/k peptide for targeting integrins on breast cancer cells and high-speed Raman mapping was employed to assess the samples. Due to the high dimensionality of the datasets collected through SERRS, we have proposed a semi-supervised framework combining feature selection and classification techniques for nanostars detection and tested our method on a breast cancer cells. The results show the advantage of our framework over other data mining technique and potentially provide a new method for evaluating the role of integrins in tumor development. Also, the features selected can possibly be used for further studies on compositional changes observed during the process of breast cancer progression and metastasis.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114802541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Calorimetric biosensors have been used for detecting various bioprocesses such as enzyme-substrate activity, protein binding activity, DNA reactions and cell metabolism. The majority of the microcalorimeter applications were proof-of-concept in nature, but having a strong potential for development for actual clinical, scientific, or commercial need. Success of these emerging experimental methodologies will be determined by such factors as the sensitivity and speed of these analyses when compared with existing technologies. These performance metrics are fundamentally related to the thermal transport through the microsystems. In this study, we present the design and fabrication of a microcalorimeter. We also characterize the impact of flow velocity affecting the thermal time constant of the microcalorimeter, steady state response of the system, and the location of the sensor in the flow stream and provide essential guidelines for the optimization of single-stream thermopile systems. The calorimeter consists of a 100μm Y-shaped channel microfluidic device, which is made by sandwiching a microscope glass slide, Kapton tape cut in the form of channel and a microscope glass coverslip, and a bismuth (Bi)antimony (Sb) thin film thermopile (Seebeck coefficient of 5.95 mV/K) integrated on the outer wall of the microscope glass coverslip. The performance of the microcalorimeter was characterized by measuring the heat released during the mixing reaction between water and ethanol. The ratio of flow rates is adjusted to change the location of the reaction zone relative to the measuring or reference junctions of the thermopile. Results indicate as the flow velocity increases the time constant to reach steady state response is decreased.
{"title":"Microscale Thermal Biosensor: Critical Design Considerations and Optimization","authors":"V. Kopparthy, N. Crews","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.36","url":null,"abstract":"Calorimetric biosensors have been used for detecting various bioprocesses such as enzyme-substrate activity, protein binding activity, DNA reactions and cell metabolism. The majority of the microcalorimeter applications were proof-of-concept in nature, but having a strong potential for development for actual clinical, scientific, or commercial need. Success of these emerging experimental methodologies will be determined by such factors as the sensitivity and speed of these analyses when compared with existing technologies. These performance metrics are fundamentally related to the thermal transport through the microsystems. In this study, we present the design and fabrication of a microcalorimeter. We also characterize the impact of flow velocity affecting the thermal time constant of the microcalorimeter, steady state response of the system, and the location of the sensor in the flow stream and provide essential guidelines for the optimization of single-stream thermopile systems. The calorimeter consists of a 100μm Y-shaped channel microfluidic device, which is made by sandwiching a microscope glass slide, Kapton tape cut in the form of channel and a microscope glass coverslip, and a bismuth (Bi)antimony (Sb) thin film thermopile (Seebeck coefficient of 5.95 mV/K) integrated on the outer wall of the microscope glass coverslip. The performance of the microcalorimeter was characterized by measuring the heat released during the mixing reaction between water and ethanol. The ratio of flow rates is adjusted to change the location of the reaction zone relative to the measuring or reference junctions of the thermopile. Results indicate as the flow velocity increases the time constant to reach steady state response is decreased.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114736754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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