Summary form only given. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) bioavailability and exogenous hydrogen sulfide therapy regulate numerous disease states including inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular, neurological and gastrointestinal diseases. This proposed work investigates and demonstrates new H2S detection techniques well suited to disease detection through a Lab on a Chip (LOC) approach. Currently, a novel chip has been designed to detect the level of H2S present in the blood. A unique LOC device has various parts which serve specific purposes. Three layers, liberation layer, silicone membrane and the trapping layer were bonded and integrated with electrodes at trapping layer. The micro-fabricated liberation layer was coated with the sulfide liberation buffer. The liberated gas was then passed via a highly selective polymer membrane and then collected at the final chamber for its quantification. The electrochemical detection was made possible at this chamber using carbon nanotube modified boron doped nanocrystalline diamond electrode (BDUNCD) electrode. Detection using bare and modified electrodes have been also investigated and compared. This research specifically highlights the optimization of the sensor integrated lab on the chip device to detect sulfide in biological range in a water based sample. The limit of detection was shown to be 0.1 μM. In general, results showed that detection of H2S using this method was less labor intensive, fast and achievable with low cost.
{"title":"Boron Doped NanoCrystalline Diamond Sensor Integrated Lab on a Chip Device for Blood Gas Sensing Using Electrochemical Approach","authors":"A. Baniya, P. Arumugam, C. Kevil, L. Weiss","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.93","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) bioavailability and exogenous hydrogen sulfide therapy regulate numerous disease states including inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular, neurological and gastrointestinal diseases. This proposed work investigates and demonstrates new H2S detection techniques well suited to disease detection through a Lab on a Chip (LOC) approach. Currently, a novel chip has been designed to detect the level of H2S present in the blood. A unique LOC device has various parts which serve specific purposes. Three layers, liberation layer, silicone membrane and the trapping layer were bonded and integrated with electrodes at trapping layer. The micro-fabricated liberation layer was coated with the sulfide liberation buffer. The liberated gas was then passed via a highly selective polymer membrane and then collected at the final chamber for its quantification. The electrochemical detection was made possible at this chamber using carbon nanotube modified boron doped nanocrystalline diamond electrode (BDUNCD) electrode. Detection using bare and modified electrodes have been also investigated and compared. This research specifically highlights the optimization of the sensor integrated lab on the chip device to detect sulfide in biological range in a water based sample. The limit of detection was shown to be 0.1 μM. In general, results showed that detection of H2S using this method was less labor intensive, fast and achievable with low cost.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"201 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131653517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaurab Dutta, An-Yi Chang, Chaogui Tan, S. Siddiqui, P. Arumugam
Chronic neurochemical monitoring is critical for identifying the neural basis of human behavior and treating brain disorders. Studies have already shown that any abnormal neurochemical signaling cause brain disorders such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury and drug addiction. To treat such disorders, it is important to understand neurochemical dynamics over long-term, preferably in all areas of the brain. Currently, the preferred detection method is fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) and the preferred electrode material is carbon fiber microelectrode (CFM). Unfortunately, CFM's increased sensitivity (sub-micromolar levels) is at the expense of increased surface fouling and chemical etching, which limits electrode lifetime to few days. Emerging carbon nanomaterials have spurred renewed interest in investigating new electrode material technology. We report the use of boron-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as advanced electrode materials for reliably detecting dopamine, a model neurochemical that plays a crucial role in various brain disorders. We present the electrochemical behavior and performance of these emerging materials in detecting dopamine long-term in standard buffer solutions and in biological fluids. Custom microfluidics was developed to study the electrode fouling behavior and the subsequent effect of in situ cleaning methods developed in our laboratory. Finally, development of electrochemical models to explain the progression of surface fouling using impedance techniques will be presented.
{"title":"Electrochemical Assessment of Carbon Nanomaterial-Enabled Microelectrodes for Dopamine Sensing","authors":"Gaurab Dutta, An-Yi Chang, Chaogui Tan, S. Siddiqui, P. Arumugam","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.69","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic neurochemical monitoring is critical for identifying the neural basis of human behavior and treating brain disorders. Studies have already shown that any abnormal neurochemical signaling cause brain disorders such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury and drug addiction. To treat such disorders, it is important to understand neurochemical dynamics over long-term, preferably in all areas of the brain. Currently, the preferred detection method is fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) and the preferred electrode material is carbon fiber microelectrode (CFM). Unfortunately, CFM's increased sensitivity (sub-micromolar levels) is at the expense of increased surface fouling and chemical etching, which limits electrode lifetime to few days. Emerging carbon nanomaterials have spurred renewed interest in investigating new electrode material technology. We report the use of boron-doped ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as advanced electrode materials for reliably detecting dopamine, a model neurochemical that plays a crucial role in various brain disorders. We present the electrochemical behavior and performance of these emerging materials in detecting dopamine long-term in standard buffer solutions and in biological fluids. Custom microfluidics was developed to study the electrode fouling behavior and the subsequent effect of in situ cleaning methods developed in our laboratory. Finally, development of electrochemical models to explain the progression of surface fouling using impedance techniques will be presented.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128974592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brittany L. Delcambre, Jacob M. King, Charles E. Taylor
Clinical evidence indicates that left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients present a diverse cohort of pathophysiology and cardiac functionality. The challenge of assuring device safety and proper performance in this patient set represents a challenge in both the range and resolution of the conditions. Furthermore, the cardiovascular systems of these individuals are highly susceptible to events that may trigger unsafe operating conditions for the LVAD: sudden postural change (e.g falling), drug induced tachycardia, etc. Developing appropriate computational design tools and reflective in vitro test system permits device designers to elucidate more liabilities in the design earlier in the development cycle. Conditions for a mock circulatory loop were sourced from clinical publications detailing the cardiovascular parameters determined for various patient classes and event sequences. The developed profiles for healthy adult, congestive heart failure adult, healthy geriatric, congestive heart failure geriatric, and healthy pediatric were designed. The profiles were developed from published clinical metrics and parameter estimations of PhysioBank data. How the profiles were constructed, as well as simulation and parameter estimation techniques will be discussed. As the profile of the patients receiving these devices diversifies, it becomes necessary to update the tools used in the V&V structure used to properly assess these new devices. The aforementioned mock circulatory loop, and accompanying computational model, deliver the combined V&V toolset needed to address this new range of questions on safety assurance for a widening scope of use for these devices.
{"title":"Design of Patient Testing Models for Cardiovascular Medical Device in Silico and In Vitro Assessment","authors":"Brittany L. Delcambre, Jacob M. King, Charles E. Taylor","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.86","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical evidence indicates that left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients present a diverse cohort of pathophysiology and cardiac functionality. The challenge of assuring device safety and proper performance in this patient set represents a challenge in both the range and resolution of the conditions. Furthermore, the cardiovascular systems of these individuals are highly susceptible to events that may trigger unsafe operating conditions for the LVAD: sudden postural change (e.g falling), drug induced tachycardia, etc. Developing appropriate computational design tools and reflective in vitro test system permits device designers to elucidate more liabilities in the design earlier in the development cycle. Conditions for a mock circulatory loop were sourced from clinical publications detailing the cardiovascular parameters determined for various patient classes and event sequences. The developed profiles for healthy adult, congestive heart failure adult, healthy geriatric, congestive heart failure geriatric, and healthy pediatric were designed. The profiles were developed from published clinical metrics and parameter estimations of PhysioBank data. How the profiles were constructed, as well as simulation and parameter estimation techniques will be discussed. As the profile of the patients receiving these devices diversifies, it becomes necessary to update the tools used in the V&V structure used to properly assess these new devices. The aforementioned mock circulatory loop, and accompanying computational model, deliver the combined V&V toolset needed to address this new range of questions on safety assurance for a widening scope of use for these devices.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129309526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A number of nanoparticles are being investigated as carriers for chemotherapeutics. Unfortunately, these particles are limited by their ability to only transport one drug into the body. The goal of this project was to devise a method for facilitating the addition of a secondary drug. Layer-by-Layer self-assembly using polyelectrolytes encased a secondary drug to the surface of halloysite clay nanotubes. This system is pH dependent that prevents the leakage of the drug until a specific pH is experienced. Additionally, this method can be used on a variety of nanoparticles. By encasing a secondary onto the surface, it is believed that drug resistance in cancerous cells can be overcome by delivering a one-two drug combination.
{"title":"Surface Modification of Halloysite Nanotubes Capable of Encapsulating a Secondary Therapeutic","authors":"W. Grimes, D. Mills","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.98","url":null,"abstract":"A number of nanoparticles are being investigated as carriers for chemotherapeutics. Unfortunately, these particles are limited by their ability to only transport one drug into the body. The goal of this project was to devise a method for facilitating the addition of a secondary drug. Layer-by-Layer self-assembly using polyelectrolytes encased a secondary drug to the surface of halloysite clay nanotubes. This system is pH dependent that prevents the leakage of the drug until a specific pH is experienced. Additionally, this method can be used on a variety of nanoparticles. By encasing a secondary onto the surface, it is believed that drug resistance in cancerous cells can be overcome by delivering a one-two drug combination.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125358220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is one of the major causes of morbidity that affects approximately 10 million people in the US. PAD is caused by atherosclerosis, which causes hardening and narrowing of the artery. It is hypothesized that, PAD reduces the Endothelial Cells (EC) ability to function optimally, and eventually leading to disease initiation and clinical complications. The preferred method of treatment of PAD is stent placement, which is a minimally invasive procedure. Bare Metal Stent can lessen the rate of restenosis by preventing elastic recoil and cell growth. However, in-stent restenosis remains one of the major drawbacks of this procedure. Drug-Eluting Stents (DES) has proven to be effective in reducing the risk of late restenosis, and also to reduce the growth of endothelial cells. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a benchtop model to study the impact of stents on EC growth and confluency. Briefly, silicone tubes with arterial geometry and similar mechanical compliance were created and were prepared for cell seeding. A stent was deployed inside the scaffold, the balloon was inflated to the appropriate pressure. The inner surface of the tubes was then seeded with rat aortic ECs. The bioreactor was then placed inside an incubator for a period of 48 hours. The result demonstrated that ECs successfully attached to the inner surface of the scaffold and around stent. This system can be potentially used to examine EC growth and consequently their responses to DES.
{"title":"In Vitro Stent Endothelialization","authors":"M. Atigh, S. Yazdani","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.24","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is one of the major causes of morbidity that affects approximately 10 million people in the US. PAD is caused by atherosclerosis, which causes hardening and narrowing of the artery. It is hypothesized that, PAD reduces the Endothelial Cells (EC) ability to function optimally, and eventually leading to disease initiation and clinical complications. The preferred method of treatment of PAD is stent placement, which is a minimally invasive procedure. Bare Metal Stent can lessen the rate of restenosis by preventing elastic recoil and cell growth. However, in-stent restenosis remains one of the major drawbacks of this procedure. Drug-Eluting Stents (DES) has proven to be effective in reducing the risk of late restenosis, and also to reduce the growth of endothelial cells. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a benchtop model to study the impact of stents on EC growth and confluency. Briefly, silicone tubes with arterial geometry and similar mechanical compliance were created and were prepared for cell seeding. A stent was deployed inside the scaffold, the balloon was inflated to the appropriate pressure. The inner surface of the tubes was then seeded with rat aortic ECs. The bioreactor was then placed inside an incubator for a period of 48 hours. The result demonstrated that ECs successfully attached to the inner surface of the scaffold and around stent. This system can be potentially used to examine EC growth and consequently their responses to DES.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128447863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the leading cause of epilepsy-related death in young and otherwise healthy patients with epilepsy, and sudden unexpected death is at least 20 times more common in epilepsy patients than the general population. Cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory abnormalities, or a combination of both have been postulated in the causation of SUDEP. Voltage-gated Kv1.1 channels, encoded by the Kcna1 gene, conduct a critical potassium current in neurons that prevents hyper excitability. Mice lacking the Kcna1 gene recapitulate critical aspects of SUDEP, including frequent generalized seizures, autonomic instability, cardiac dysfunction, and premature death, but seizure-related respiratory dysfunction has never been investigated. Here, we used unrestrained whole body plethysmography recordings of conscious, unanesthetized mice to test the hypothesis that Kcna1-null mice exhibit seizure-related respiratory abnormalities that predispose the animals to SUDEP. In baseline measurements of respiratory function, we found that null animals exhibited similar breathing rates, tidal volumes, and minute volumes compared to wild type littermate controls. However, null mice exhibited an 85% reduction in apnea frequency suggesting the Kcna1 gene may be important for basal respiratory physiology. Specifically, Kcna1-null mice showed a drastic reduction in the number of type 1 post-sigh apneas despite exhibiting a normal incidence of sighs. In addition, during seizures, null mice exhibited malignant respiratory abnormalities characterized by a pattern of hyperpnea transitioning to intermittent ataxic or apneic breathing, depending on seizure severity. This seizure-related respiratory impairment could potentially exacerbate or evoke ictal cardiac arrhythmias and predispose the animals to SUDEP. Future work will define the sequence of respiratory and cardiac events during seizures in these mice to determine whether respiratory dysfunction occurs primary or secondary to arrhythmias.
{"title":"Respiratory Abnormalities in the Kcna1-Null Mouse Model of Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy","authors":"Hemangini A Dhaibar, E. Glasscock","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.49","url":null,"abstract":"Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the leading cause of epilepsy-related death in young and otherwise healthy patients with epilepsy, and sudden unexpected death is at least 20 times more common in epilepsy patients than the general population. Cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory abnormalities, or a combination of both have been postulated in the causation of SUDEP. Voltage-gated Kv1.1 channels, encoded by the Kcna1 gene, conduct a critical potassium current in neurons that prevents hyper excitability. Mice lacking the Kcna1 gene recapitulate critical aspects of SUDEP, including frequent generalized seizures, autonomic instability, cardiac dysfunction, and premature death, but seizure-related respiratory dysfunction has never been investigated. Here, we used unrestrained whole body plethysmography recordings of conscious, unanesthetized mice to test the hypothesis that Kcna1-null mice exhibit seizure-related respiratory abnormalities that predispose the animals to SUDEP. In baseline measurements of respiratory function, we found that null animals exhibited similar breathing rates, tidal volumes, and minute volumes compared to wild type littermate controls. However, null mice exhibited an 85% reduction in apnea frequency suggesting the Kcna1 gene may be important for basal respiratory physiology. Specifically, Kcna1-null mice showed a drastic reduction in the number of type 1 post-sigh apneas despite exhibiting a normal incidence of sighs. In addition, during seizures, null mice exhibited malignant respiratory abnormalities characterized by a pattern of hyperpnea transitioning to intermittent ataxic or apneic breathing, depending on seizure severity. This seizure-related respiratory impairment could potentially exacerbate or evoke ictal cardiac arrhythmias and predispose the animals to SUDEP. Future work will define the sequence of respiratory and cardiac events during seizures in these mice to determine whether respiratory dysfunction occurs primary or secondary to arrhythmias.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129480597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edward Bear, Benjamin Shumpert, A. Shaporev, V. Reukov
Water consumption is vital to human survival. In the past, being able to accurately and easily track water consumption would not have been a viable possibility. The SmartBottle makes this type of tracking possible. It may not be vital to most of us to know how much water we consume on a daily basis down to the milliliter, but there are several medical conditions which require this type of precision. SmartBottle prototypes have been built by combining the commercial water bottle with a small Bluetooth-enabled microcontroller LightBlue Bean. Validation testing proved that this product is accurate and reliable. This product will revolutionize how doctors monitor patients with hydration-sensitive conditions as well as make it easier for athletes to maintain optimal hydration levels, along with a host of other possibilities.
{"title":"SmartBottle: An mHealth Approach to Track Liquid Consumption","authors":"Edward Bear, Benjamin Shumpert, A. Shaporev, V. Reukov","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.80","url":null,"abstract":"Water consumption is vital to human survival. In the past, being able to accurately and easily track water consumption would not have been a viable possibility. The SmartBottle makes this type of tracking possible. It may not be vital to most of us to know how much water we consume on a daily basis down to the milliliter, but there are several medical conditions which require this type of precision. SmartBottle prototypes have been built by combining the commercial water bottle with a small Bluetooth-enabled microcontroller LightBlue Bean. Validation testing proved that this product is accurate and reliable. This product will revolutionize how doctors monitor patients with hydration-sensitive conditions as well as make it easier for athletes to maintain optimal hydration levels, along with a host of other possibilities.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131866093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates conventional delivery of thymoquinone (TQ) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) when applied to Caov-3 and SK-OV-3 ovarian like cell lines. Culturing the cells and assessment of functional activities were conducted following standard lab protocols. The results revealed: (1) an increase in the SK-OV-3 cell protein levels following treatment with TQ+EGCG which was statistically different (p<;0.05) at 24 and 48 hours; (2) nitric oxide levels were statistically different (p<;0.05) following the administration of EGCG and TQ+EGCG at 24 and 48 hours for Caov-3 and TQ at 72 hours for SK-OV-3; and (3) glutathione levels were statistically different (p<;0.05) following the administration of TQ and EGCG to the SK-OV-3 cell line at 72 hours. Overall conclusion of this study demonstrates that exposure of potent herbal based anti-oxidant extracts may potentially interfere with the functional and mitotic activity of ovarian cancer cells.
{"title":"The Effect of Herbal Based Potent Antioxidants on Chemotherapy Resistant Ovarian Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines","authors":"J. Harpole, M. Tucci, H. Benghuzzi","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates conventional delivery of thymoquinone (TQ) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) when applied to Caov-3 and SK-OV-3 ovarian like cell lines. Culturing the cells and assessment of functional activities were conducted following standard lab protocols. The results revealed: (1) an increase in the SK-OV-3 cell protein levels following treatment with TQ+EGCG which was statistically different (p<;0.05) at 24 and 48 hours; (2) nitric oxide levels were statistically different (p<;0.05) following the administration of EGCG and TQ+EGCG at 24 and 48 hours for Caov-3 and TQ at 72 hours for SK-OV-3; and (3) glutathione levels were statistically different (p<;0.05) following the administration of TQ and EGCG to the SK-OV-3 cell line at 72 hours. Overall conclusion of this study demonstrates that exposure of potent herbal based anti-oxidant extracts may potentially interfere with the functional and mitotic activity of ovarian cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115127761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Malik, Matthew Brawl, Sailesh Arulkumar, R. Shah
Summary form only given. Pheochromocytomas are rare catecholamine-secreting tumors from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal system. The incidence of pheochromocytoma is approximately 2 to 8 per 1,000,000 individuals. Frankel F in 1886, first described Paragangliomas (PGLs) as extra-adrenal chromaffin cell tumors. Common extra-adrenal sites of tumor include bone, lungs, abdominal organs and lymph nodes. 15% to 35% of paragangliomas have been described to be malignant. Donelly et al, has attributed pain to be the most common symptom of cancer in over 80% of patients. Of which bone metastases is the most common cause of cancer-related pain. Robert E. Coleman found 30% of cancer patients postmortem to have evidence of metastatic bone disease. Intractable pain is often neuropathic in origin, arising from tumor invasion of nerve roots, plexuses or peripheral nerves. Bone metastases (BM) predispose patients to acute and chronic sequelaes such as immobilization, loss of independence, reduced quality of life and functionality. Cancer pain is particularly challenging to treat due to its progressive, multifocal, and complex disease process that is often debilitating. Interventional treatments can broadly be classified into either neuromodulatory or neuroablative. Neuromodulation is the alteration of pain pathways either by medication or stimulation. Neuroabalation is the interruption of the pain pathway by chemical or thermal modalities. We report on a patient with metastatic pheochromocytoma who presented with incapacitating hip pain who was treated with neurolysis.
{"title":"Neurolysis: A Novel Approach To Treat Metastatic Pheochromocytoma","authors":"Z. Malik, Matthew Brawl, Sailesh Arulkumar, R. Shah","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.110","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Pheochromocytomas are rare catecholamine-secreting tumors from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal system. The incidence of pheochromocytoma is approximately 2 to 8 per 1,000,000 individuals. Frankel F in 1886, first described Paragangliomas (PGLs) as extra-adrenal chromaffin cell tumors. Common extra-adrenal sites of tumor include bone, lungs, abdominal organs and lymph nodes. 15% to 35% of paragangliomas have been described to be malignant. Donelly et al, has attributed pain to be the most common symptom of cancer in over 80% of patients. Of which bone metastases is the most common cause of cancer-related pain. Robert E. Coleman found 30% of cancer patients postmortem to have evidence of metastatic bone disease. Intractable pain is often neuropathic in origin, arising from tumor invasion of nerve roots, plexuses or peripheral nerves. Bone metastases (BM) predispose patients to acute and chronic sequelaes such as immobilization, loss of independence, reduced quality of life and functionality. Cancer pain is particularly challenging to treat due to its progressive, multifocal, and complex disease process that is often debilitating. Interventional treatments can broadly be classified into either neuromodulatory or neuroablative. Neuromodulation is the alteration of pain pathways either by medication or stimulation. Neuroabalation is the interruption of the pain pathway by chemical or thermal modalities. We report on a patient with metastatic pheochromocytoma who presented with incapacitating hip pain who was treated with neurolysis.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129911252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Implantation of the drug-eluting stent, following a myocardial infarction, can be a very invasive surgery. Mechanical injury to the coronary artery causes partial or full denudation of the endothelial cell monolayer. Antimitogenic drugs released from the stent inhibit the regrowth of endothelial cells, possibly resulting in stent thrombosis caused by migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells into the lumen. Our goal was to model and simulate endothelial cell regrowth around a drug-eluting stent in efforts to determine factors that may reduce or possibly prevent stent thrombosis. A mathematical model was implemented to simulate the arterial drug concentration over time and establish a gradient of drug concentrations surrounding the stent due to fluid flow. Computer simulations with varying parameters were used to visualize endothelial cell interaction with the antimitogenic drug gradients and concentrations. The development of this mathematical model will help to identifying ideal drug release patterns from stents and test hypotheses for overcoming the deadly potential of late stent thrombosis associated with current generation drug-eluting stents.
{"title":"A Mathematical Model and Computer Simulation Approach to Reendothelialization: Post Drug-Eluting Stent","authors":"John A. Faulk, S. Yazdani, Audi Byrne","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.2016.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.2016.66","url":null,"abstract":"Implantation of the drug-eluting stent, following a myocardial infarction, can be a very invasive surgery. Mechanical injury to the coronary artery causes partial or full denudation of the endothelial cell monolayer. Antimitogenic drugs released from the stent inhibit the regrowth of endothelial cells, possibly resulting in stent thrombosis caused by migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells into the lumen. Our goal was to model and simulate endothelial cell regrowth around a drug-eluting stent in efforts to determine factors that may reduce or possibly prevent stent thrombosis. A mathematical model was implemented to simulate the arterial drug concentration over time and establish a gradient of drug concentrations surrounding the stent due to fluid flow. Computer simulations with varying parameters were used to visualize endothelial cell interaction with the antimitogenic drug gradients and concentrations. The development of this mathematical model will help to identifying ideal drug release patterns from stents and test hypotheses for overcoming the deadly potential of late stent thrombosis associated with current generation drug-eluting stents.","PeriodicalId":196856,"journal":{"name":"2016 32nd Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference (SBEC)","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133719164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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