Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2461
Máximo Salinas, Guido Hakim, Esteban Gandolfo, J. Lojo, E. Giardina, A. Benedetto
Abstract In ornamental plants, the need to optimize nursery management has led to a tendency to decrease plug cell tray volume. However, in ornamental plants such as Impatiens walleriana, a lower plug cell volume can negatively affect leaf area expansion and biomass accumulation during the pre-transplant cycle. Because these results have been associated with a decrease in root growth, a floating system where roots come out of the plug cell has been proposed. The aim of this work was to describe pre-transplant biomass accumulation in plants from different plug cell volumes and the response to two propagation systems: media-based plug cell trays and floating system. The relationship found between plug cell volume and growth in both the media-based and floating systems is in agreement with that found in previous reports. With respect to the traditional media-based system, the floating system showed higher leaf area expansion, as a result of higher leaf appearance rate and relative leaf area expansion. Higher fresh and dry weight accumulation were estimated through the relative growth rate (RGR), with a strong relationship with the capacity of photo assimilate production (net assimilation rate) and RGR. However, all these changes cannot be exclusively associated with a higher root growth in the floating system. Our experiments validate the positive results in favor of the use of a floating system and also shows the physiological mechanisms involved.
{"title":"Response of the ornamental bedding plant Impatiens walleriana to plug cell volume on a floating system during nursery","authors":"Máximo Salinas, Guido Hakim, Esteban Gandolfo, J. Lojo, E. Giardina, A. Benedetto","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2461","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In ornamental plants, the need to optimize nursery management has led to a tendency to decrease plug cell tray volume. However, in ornamental plants such as Impatiens walleriana, a lower plug cell volume can negatively affect leaf area expansion and biomass accumulation during the pre-transplant cycle. Because these results have been associated with a decrease in root growth, a floating system where roots come out of the plug cell has been proposed. The aim of this work was to describe pre-transplant biomass accumulation in plants from different plug cell volumes and the response to two propagation systems: media-based plug cell trays and floating system. The relationship found between plug cell volume and growth in both the media-based and floating systems is in agreement with that found in previous reports. With respect to the traditional media-based system, the floating system showed higher leaf area expansion, as a result of higher leaf appearance rate and relative leaf area expansion. Higher fresh and dry weight accumulation were estimated through the relative growth rate (RGR), with a strong relationship with the capacity of photo assimilate production (net assimilation rate) and RGR. However, all these changes cannot be exclusively associated with a higher root growth in the floating system. Our experiments validate the positive results in favor of the use of a floating system and also shows the physiological mechanisms involved.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49063672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2477
M. Nadal, A. M. Assis, M. Schuch, R. T. Faria
Abstract The use of agricultural residues as a substrate is a promising option for orchid acclimatization, which is a critical stage of micropropagation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the use of grape residue S-10 Beifort®, isolated or mixed with other agricultural residues, in the acclimatization of Oncidium baueri Lindl. Five treatments were studied (S-10 Beifort®; S-10 Beifort® + carbonized rice husk (CRH); S-10 Beifort® + coconut fiber (CF); S-10 Beifort® + CRH + CF; CRH + CF), with four replications containing 10 seedlings each. After 120 days, the highest survival rate occurred with the mixture CRH + CF (62.5%). The mixture of S-10 Beifort® with CRH provided a greater shoot length (3.7 cm), not differing from the mixture of the three substrates (2.9 cm). S-10 Beifort® + CRH and the mixture of the three substrates ensured greater root length (3.8 cm). The mixture of the three residues provided the highest average of fresh and dry mass accumulation. The pH variation between the substrates was from 5.2 to 6.3, while S-10 Beifort® presented the highest electrical conductivity (2030 μS cm-1) and the mixture of this material with carbonized rice husk presented the highest water retention capacity. The use of a mixture of S-10 Beifort® with carbonized rice husk or with carbonized rice husk and coconut fiber (1:1:1) is indicated for the acclimatization of Oncidium baueri Lindl.
{"title":"Grape-based residue as a substrate in Oncidium baueri Lindl. acclimatization","authors":"M. Nadal, A. M. Assis, M. Schuch, R. T. Faria","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2477","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of agricultural residues as a substrate is a promising option for orchid acclimatization, which is a critical stage of micropropagation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the use of grape residue S-10 Beifort®, isolated or mixed with other agricultural residues, in the acclimatization of Oncidium baueri Lindl. Five treatments were studied (S-10 Beifort®; S-10 Beifort® + carbonized rice husk (CRH); S-10 Beifort® + coconut fiber (CF); S-10 Beifort® + CRH + CF; CRH + CF), with four replications containing 10 seedlings each. After 120 days, the highest survival rate occurred with the mixture CRH + CF (62.5%). The mixture of S-10 Beifort® with CRH provided a greater shoot length (3.7 cm), not differing from the mixture of the three substrates (2.9 cm). S-10 Beifort® + CRH and the mixture of the three substrates ensured greater root length (3.8 cm). The mixture of the three residues provided the highest average of fresh and dry mass accumulation. The pH variation between the substrates was from 5.2 to 6.3, while S-10 Beifort® presented the highest electrical conductivity (2030 μS cm-1) and the mixture of this material with carbonized rice husk presented the highest water retention capacity. The use of a mixture of S-10 Beifort® with carbonized rice husk or with carbonized rice husk and coconut fiber (1:1:1) is indicated for the acclimatization of Oncidium baueri Lindl.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44606802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2422
Karina Volpi Furtini Boldrin, P. Paiva, J.V.C. Barbosa, Sabrina dos Santos Torquetti, E. Almeida, Simone Novaes Reis, P. R. Landgraf
Abstract The soilless cultivation of plants is an alternative for the production of flowers with high quality. Calla lily is normally produced on soil benches, but have shown some limitations as bacterial infections occur. One alternative may be a soilless cultivation. Hence, experiments were conducted with the objective to evaluate the development of calla lily in two types of hydroponic production systems. The semihydroponic system was tested using as substrates or growing media such as, coconut fiber, sand, vermiculite, and phenolic foam sheets. For the other system, ebb-and-flow, the substrates tested were vermiculite, coconut fiber, and expanded clay. Two different nutritional solutions were tested in both systems. in the semihydroponic system. In general, calla lily was adapted and showed a good development in a soilless cultivation. The best initial development of the calla lily was provided using vermiculite and sand as substrates on semihydroponic. And for the ebb-and-flow system, coconut fiber induced better development. As conclusion, hydroponic cultivation systems are efficient for the initial development of calla lily. The recommended substrates are those with lower porosity, such as sand, vermiculite, and coconut fiber.
{"title":"Semihydroponic and ebb-and-flow systems for calla lily cultivation","authors":"Karina Volpi Furtini Boldrin, P. Paiva, J.V.C. Barbosa, Sabrina dos Santos Torquetti, E. Almeida, Simone Novaes Reis, P. R. Landgraf","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2422","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The soilless cultivation of plants is an alternative for the production of flowers with high quality. Calla lily is normally produced on soil benches, but have shown some limitations as bacterial infections occur. One alternative may be a soilless cultivation. Hence, experiments were conducted with the objective to evaluate the development of calla lily in two types of hydroponic production systems. The semihydroponic system was tested using as substrates or growing media such as, coconut fiber, sand, vermiculite, and phenolic foam sheets. For the other system, ebb-and-flow, the substrates tested were vermiculite, coconut fiber, and expanded clay. Two different nutritional solutions were tested in both systems. in the semihydroponic system. In general, calla lily was adapted and showed a good development in a soilless cultivation. The best initial development of the calla lily was provided using vermiculite and sand as substrates on semihydroponic. And for the ebb-and-flow system, coconut fiber induced better development. As conclusion, hydroponic cultivation systems are efficient for the initial development of calla lily. The recommended substrates are those with lower porosity, such as sand, vermiculite, and coconut fiber.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46569748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2439
Guido Hakim, Esteban Gandolfo, Máximo Salinas, E. Giardina, A. Benedetto
Abstract The use of amino acid solutions as bio-fertilizers was introduced in the food and ornamental plant industry about two decades ago. Sprays containing amino acids either alone or combined have been proven effective to increase plant growth. However, many of the new commercial solutions including amino acids as bio-fertilizers have no published data available on bedding plants. Thus, the aims of this study were to determine the changes in fresh weight accumulation in the bedding pot plant Impatiens walleriana and the physiological mechanism involved in plants sprayed with different amino acid solutions and to characterize the responses to root restrictions under nursery with non-limited nitrogen supply. The experiment was carried out inside a greenhouse in the campus of the Faculty of Agronomy of the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. To reach the objectives, Impatiens walleriana ‘Xtreme White’ seeds were grown in 50-cell (55.7 cm3 cell-1) and 288-cell (6.18 cm3 cell-1) plug trays and then transplanted and grown at 3-L pots. Eleven solutions (100 mg L-1) containing an equal amount of each of the following amino acids: alanine, cysteine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan and valine, a control without amino acids, and a solution containing all amino acids (Mix) (9.1 mg L-1 of each amino acid) were sprayed when the first true leaf pair was developed. Our results showed that the different synthetic amino acids tested, alone or combined, had additive and antagonistic effects on the leaf area and fresh-dry weight in Impatiens walleriana plants.
{"title":"Amino acid solutions on the growth of the ornamental plant Impatiens walleriana grown under root restriction stress","authors":"Guido Hakim, Esteban Gandolfo, Máximo Salinas, E. Giardina, A. Benedetto","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2439","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of amino acid solutions as bio-fertilizers was introduced in the food and ornamental plant industry about two decades ago. Sprays containing amino acids either alone or combined have been proven effective to increase plant growth. However, many of the new commercial solutions including amino acids as bio-fertilizers have no published data available on bedding plants. Thus, the aims of this study were to determine the changes in fresh weight accumulation in the bedding pot plant Impatiens walleriana and the physiological mechanism involved in plants sprayed with different amino acid solutions and to characterize the responses to root restrictions under nursery with non-limited nitrogen supply. The experiment was carried out inside a greenhouse in the campus of the Faculty of Agronomy of the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. To reach the objectives, Impatiens walleriana ‘Xtreme White’ seeds were grown in 50-cell (55.7 cm3 cell-1) and 288-cell (6.18 cm3 cell-1) plug trays and then transplanted and grown at 3-L pots. Eleven solutions (100 mg L-1) containing an equal amount of each of the following amino acids: alanine, cysteine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan and valine, a control without amino acids, and a solution containing all amino acids (Mix) (9.1 mg L-1 of each amino acid) were sprayed when the first true leaf pair was developed. Our results showed that the different synthetic amino acids tested, alone or combined, had additive and antagonistic effects on the leaf area and fresh-dry weight in Impatiens walleriana plants.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45038760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2476
E. Almeida, P. Paiva, Jussara Ellen Morais Frazão, M. N. O. Ribeiro, Nilma Portela Oliveira
Abstract Knowledge about the nutritional aspects of calla lily, an important species for the floriculture industry, is essential for quality on cultivation. As there are variations in the symptoms of nutritional deficiencies among species, it is necessary to study the development of plants and their nutritional status when grown under nutrient omission. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the development of calla lily plants and identify the levels of nutrients and their interactions in cultivation conditions under nutritional deficiency. The treatments consisted in the use of the complete nutrition solution and the omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, B, and Mn, separately. The experimental design was in randomized block design with four replications. The omissions of P, S, Ca, K, N, and B have influenced the plant development providing lower production of leaves and in small size, reduction on shoots production and less leaves emitted by the shoots, besides a lower values of dry matter. Among these nutrients, the deficiencies that most affected the growth and quality of calla lily plants development were N, B and Ca. The B and N deficiency inhibited the flowering and the absence of S and K provided inflorescences production with lower quality, besides malformation. The main interactions that occurred were increasing in the content of K (leaves), Fe (leaves) and Mn (leaves and inflorescences) in the absence of Ca. In the absence of Mg there was an increase in Ca (leaves, rhizomes, and inflorescences), Zn (leaves and roots) and Fe (rhizomes). It can be concluded that the nutritional deficiencies that most affected the production of inflorescences in calla lily were those of B, N, P, K, Ca, and S and the main nutritional interactions occurred in the absence of Ca with an increase in K, Fe and Mn and an increase in Ca, Fe and Zn in the absence of Mg.
{"title":"Development and nutritional status of calla lily submitted to nutrient deficiency","authors":"E. Almeida, P. Paiva, Jussara Ellen Morais Frazão, M. N. O. Ribeiro, Nilma Portela Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2476","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Knowledge about the nutritional aspects of calla lily, an important species for the floriculture industry, is essential for quality on cultivation. As there are variations in the symptoms of nutritional deficiencies among species, it is necessary to study the development of plants and their nutritional status when grown under nutrient omission. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the development of calla lily plants and identify the levels of nutrients and their interactions in cultivation conditions under nutritional deficiency. The treatments consisted in the use of the complete nutrition solution and the omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, B, and Mn, separately. The experimental design was in randomized block design with four replications. The omissions of P, S, Ca, K, N, and B have influenced the plant development providing lower production of leaves and in small size, reduction on shoots production and less leaves emitted by the shoots, besides a lower values of dry matter. Among these nutrients, the deficiencies that most affected the growth and quality of calla lily plants development were N, B and Ca. The B and N deficiency inhibited the flowering and the absence of S and K provided inflorescences production with lower quality, besides malformation. The main interactions that occurred were increasing in the content of K (leaves), Fe (leaves) and Mn (leaves and inflorescences) in the absence of Ca. In the absence of Mg there was an increase in Ca (leaves, rhizomes, and inflorescences), Zn (leaves and roots) and Fe (rhizomes). It can be concluded that the nutritional deficiencies that most affected the production of inflorescences in calla lily were those of B, N, P, K, Ca, and S and the main nutritional interactions occurred in the absence of Ca with an increase in K, Fe and Mn and an increase in Ca, Fe and Zn in the absence of Mg.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48266412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2470
Selin Seyhan Korkut, S. Kazaz, T. Kılıç
Abstract Pollen parent is one of the most important factors affecting the seed set in conventional breeding. Pollen quality of pollen parents must be known for success in breeding programs. Breeders also must know how long pollen grains keep their viability to overcome geographical distance and the difference in blooming times among parents. This study was conducted to find out the viability, germination rate, and duration of the keeping viability of pollen of rose varieties being kept for 0, 4, 8, 16, 24 hours at 24 ºC and 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days at 4 ºC. The pollen of the Inferno, Layla, First Red, and Myrna varieties were used as plant material. The IKI and petri dishes methods were used to determine pollen quality. The results showed that the viable pollen rate of varieties varied between 41.1% and 49.9%, whereas the germination rate was 3.8% and 29.9% and morphological pollen rate was 71.8% and 88.7%. In all varieties, viability, germination rate and morphological normal pollen rate decreased over time both kept at 24 ºC and 4 ºC, but fresh pollen lost its quality faster than pollen stored. Fresh pollen viability rate decreased by 11.9% and 25.6% at the end of 24 hours, whereas only it decreased by 10.4%-22.6% on 1st day of storage. The reduction in germination ability in Layla, Inferno and Myrna was over 60.0% on the 5th day, while it was found less than 50.0% in First Red. The decrease in morphologically normal pollen ratio was found statistically significant in both temperature treatments, except for Layla. As it is clear, the pollen quality was significantly affected by variety, storage/holding time, and conditions. It’s recommended to use stored pollen in breeding programs. Although it varies according to the varieties, the rose pollen should be use by keeping at 4 ºC between 2-5 days.
{"title":"Different storage temperatures and times on pollen quality in cut rose varieties","authors":"Selin Seyhan Korkut, S. Kazaz, T. Kılıç","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2470","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pollen parent is one of the most important factors affecting the seed set in conventional breeding. Pollen quality of pollen parents must be known for success in breeding programs. Breeders also must know how long pollen grains keep their viability to overcome geographical distance and the difference in blooming times among parents. This study was conducted to find out the viability, germination rate, and duration of the keeping viability of pollen of rose varieties being kept for 0, 4, 8, 16, 24 hours at 24 ºC and 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days at 4 ºC. The pollen of the Inferno, Layla, First Red, and Myrna varieties were used as plant material. The IKI and petri dishes methods were used to determine pollen quality. The results showed that the viable pollen rate of varieties varied between 41.1% and 49.9%, whereas the germination rate was 3.8% and 29.9% and morphological pollen rate was 71.8% and 88.7%. In all varieties, viability, germination rate and morphological normal pollen rate decreased over time both kept at 24 ºC and 4 ºC, but fresh pollen lost its quality faster than pollen stored. Fresh pollen viability rate decreased by 11.9% and 25.6% at the end of 24 hours, whereas only it decreased by 10.4%-22.6% on 1st day of storage. The reduction in germination ability in Layla, Inferno and Myrna was over 60.0% on the 5th day, while it was found less than 50.0% in First Red. The decrease in morphologically normal pollen ratio was found statistically significant in both temperature treatments, except for Layla. As it is clear, the pollen quality was significantly affected by variety, storage/holding time, and conditions. It’s recommended to use stored pollen in breeding programs. Although it varies according to the varieties, the rose pollen should be use by keeping at 4 ºC between 2-5 days.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49579014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2408
P. Paiva, Michele Valquíria dos Reis, R. B. Sousa, Raiy Magalhães Ferraz, M. Salgado
Abstract In addition to creating scenic landscapes and beautifying urban areas, the cultivation of trees in urban areas can benefit ecosystems and improve cities sustainability. Besides some indications of adequate species for use in public pathways, there are few studies and knowledge regarding the native species behavior and uses for this purpose. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of some native species in urban afforestation of public pathways. Species to be evaluated were selected considering characteristics such as occurrence (biome and region), height (medium or high size), growth rate (moderate to fast), and flowering (season and color) and at the end, 11 species were selected. The species Senna macranthera, Andira fraxinifolia, Pterocarpus violaceus, Cordia superba, Jacaranda cuspidifolia, Peltophorum dubium, Inga vera, Inga edulis, Senna multijuga, Handroanthus impetiginosus and Stifftia chrysantha were planted on a public pathway at Lavras-MG, Brazil (Biome: Mata Atlântica) and evaluated observing the initial survival, growth rate, canopy, diameter at breast height (DBH) and occurrence of damage and disease. Concerning the tested species, A. fraxinifolia and S. macranthera exhibited low survival after planting (10 months) and must be replaced for other species. Handroanthus impetiginosus and P. violaceus exhibited the best performance, presenting a good growth rate, followed by J. cuspidifolia, I. vera, and I. edulis.
{"title":"Performance of native species in urban afforestation of public pathways in Lavras-MG, Brazil","authors":"P. Paiva, Michele Valquíria dos Reis, R. B. Sousa, Raiy Magalhães Ferraz, M. Salgado","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2408","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In addition to creating scenic landscapes and beautifying urban areas, the cultivation of trees in urban areas can benefit ecosystems and improve cities sustainability. Besides some indications of adequate species for use in public pathways, there are few studies and knowledge regarding the native species behavior and uses for this purpose. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of some native species in urban afforestation of public pathways. Species to be evaluated were selected considering characteristics such as occurrence (biome and region), height (medium or high size), growth rate (moderate to fast), and flowering (season and color) and at the end, 11 species were selected. The species Senna macranthera, Andira fraxinifolia, Pterocarpus violaceus, Cordia superba, Jacaranda cuspidifolia, Peltophorum dubium, Inga vera, Inga edulis, Senna multijuga, Handroanthus impetiginosus and Stifftia chrysantha were planted on a public pathway at Lavras-MG, Brazil (Biome: Mata Atlântica) and evaluated observing the initial survival, growth rate, canopy, diameter at breast height (DBH) and occurrence of damage and disease. Concerning the tested species, A. fraxinifolia and S. macranthera exhibited low survival after planting (10 months) and must be replaced for other species. Handroanthus impetiginosus and P. violaceus exhibited the best performance, presenting a good growth rate, followed by J. cuspidifolia, I. vera, and I. edulis.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45341165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2482
Antonio Maricélio Borges de Souza, G. R. Vieira, Giovana Sgobbe, Kássia Barros Ferreira, T. Campos, K. F. L. Pivetta
Abstract Zinnia (Zinnia elegans Jacq.) is a widely cultivated species and used as an ornamental plant in the world flower market. Although it has great potential for phytoremediation and compounds with anti-infective and antioxidant activities there are few studies that address the process of production of its seedlings especially using substrates from organic waste. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of biosolid as a substrate component in the initial growth of Zinnia elegans seedlings. The seedlings were produced in nursery conditions with 50% light control. The experimental design was entirely randomized. There were six treatments, four repetitions and five plants per plot. The treatments consisted of substrates resulting from the mixture of subsoil (SS) and biosolid (BIO) in different proportions: 100% SS (control); 80% SS + 20% BIO; 60% SS + 40% BIO; 40% SS + 60% BIO; 20% SS + 80% BIO; T6 100% BIO. The morphological and quality characteristics of the seedlings were evaluated. Polynomial regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were performed. Quadratic regression fitting was observed for plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, total chlorophyll, and shoot and root dry mass, as well as total dry mass. The shoot height/stem diameter ratio was the characteristic that correlated least with the others, being observed a positive correlation only with plant height. The use of biosolid in the proportion of 60% in the substrate composition proved to be efficient for the initial growth of seedlings as it showed the best responses for most morphological and quality characteristics of the seedlings.
{"title":"Initial growth of zinnia seedlings in substrate with different proportions of biosolid","authors":"Antonio Maricélio Borges de Souza, G. R. Vieira, Giovana Sgobbe, Kássia Barros Ferreira, T. Campos, K. F. L. Pivetta","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2482","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Zinnia (Zinnia elegans Jacq.) is a widely cultivated species and used as an ornamental plant in the world flower market. Although it has great potential for phytoremediation and compounds with anti-infective and antioxidant activities there are few studies that address the process of production of its seedlings especially using substrates from organic waste. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of biosolid as a substrate component in the initial growth of Zinnia elegans seedlings. The seedlings were produced in nursery conditions with 50% light control. The experimental design was entirely randomized. There were six treatments, four repetitions and five plants per plot. The treatments consisted of substrates resulting from the mixture of subsoil (SS) and biosolid (BIO) in different proportions: 100% SS (control); 80% SS + 20% BIO; 60% SS + 40% BIO; 40% SS + 60% BIO; 20% SS + 80% BIO; T6 100% BIO. The morphological and quality characteristics of the seedlings were evaluated. Polynomial regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were performed. Quadratic regression fitting was observed for plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, total chlorophyll, and shoot and root dry mass, as well as total dry mass. The shoot height/stem diameter ratio was the characteristic that correlated least with the others, being observed a positive correlation only with plant height. The use of biosolid in the proportion of 60% in the substrate composition proved to be efficient for the initial growth of seedlings as it showed the best responses for most morphological and quality characteristics of the seedlings.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47705374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2360
Talita Cristina Mamedes, A. A. Chaibub, K. C. I. Sousa, M. T. Faria, Letícia de Almeida Gonçalves, M. C. Filippi, L. G. Araújo, S. T. Sibov
Abstract Purple ipe (Handroanthus impetiginosus) is an important tree species in Cerrado biome conservation and very popular at the landscaping and urban afforestation. However, its micropropagation is affected by pathogens, such as Oidium sp. The aim this study was evaluate the efficiency of seed treatments in the control of powdery mildew of purple ipe obtained by micropropagation. The symptoms were observed during in vitro germination, a Koch’s postulates were performed for confirm the pathogenicity, colonization of the pathogen on the leaves was analyzed in optical and scanning microscopes and a scale to evaluate severity was proposed. Two experiments were realized to powdery mildew control using a completely randomized design, with 30 replicates. First experiment: Seeds were treated with ethanol (Et), chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (C+TM), and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); second experiment: Seeds were treated with Et, NaOCl, C+TM, and neem oil. Disease severity and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were assessed in both experiments. Disease symptoms and typical pathogen structures were observed, and the pathogenicity was confirmed. The disease severity was reduced by 30.78% in 1.5% neem oil for 10 min when compared with C+TM for 15 min. We conclude that neem oil can be a strategy sustainable for the control of powdery mildew in purple ipe in tissue culture.
{"title":"Seed pretreatment for control of powdery mildew infection on purple ipe micropropagation","authors":"Talita Cristina Mamedes, A. A. Chaibub, K. C. I. Sousa, M. T. Faria, Letícia de Almeida Gonçalves, M. C. Filippi, L. G. Araújo, S. T. Sibov","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v28i2.2360","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purple ipe (Handroanthus impetiginosus) is an important tree species in Cerrado biome conservation and very popular at the landscaping and urban afforestation. However, its micropropagation is affected by pathogens, such as Oidium sp. The aim this study was evaluate the efficiency of seed treatments in the control of powdery mildew of purple ipe obtained by micropropagation. The symptoms were observed during in vitro germination, a Koch’s postulates were performed for confirm the pathogenicity, colonization of the pathogen on the leaves was analyzed in optical and scanning microscopes and a scale to evaluate severity was proposed. Two experiments were realized to powdery mildew control using a completely randomized design, with 30 replicates. First experiment: Seeds were treated with ethanol (Et), chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (C+TM), and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); second experiment: Seeds were treated with Et, NaOCl, C+TM, and neem oil. Disease severity and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were assessed in both experiments. Disease symptoms and typical pathogen structures were observed, and the pathogenicity was confirmed. The disease severity was reduced by 30.78% in 1.5% neem oil for 10 min when compared with C+TM for 15 min. We conclude that neem oil can be a strategy sustainable for the control of powdery mildew in purple ipe in tissue culture.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41355891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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