As offers in Jordanian Arabic neither have an explicit performative nor may be expressed by a particular linguistic pattern unlike other speech acts e.g. requests, advice, or warning, they can be realized through a range of different linguistic patterns. Based on this, Jordanian Arabic offers have mixed characteristics, which in turn, affect their linguistic patterns. Since the analysis of Jordanian Arabic daily offers is still very much in its infancy, this research paper is devoted to exploring the linguistic strategies of Jordanian Arabic offer as employed by 100 Jordanians in their daily interactions. To accomplish the objective of this paper, data were collected through a DCT consisting of 10 hypothetical situations that represent everyday interactions. To help find all the nuances in the offer strategies and their linguistic patterns, responses to the situations were qualitatively analyzed through arranging the data in a tabular form. Interactional roles of the interactants were found to be the key to the formation of the four proposed offer aspects: directive-end, commissive-end, directive-and commissive end, and directive-nor commissive-end. These aspects were then classified under the three constructed types of offers: direct, conventionally-indirect, and non-conventionally indirect. This paper generates a hypothesis for further studies that direct offers may be more polite than their indirect counterparts. Also, it strongly invokes a very near-reaching research paper concentrating on the socio-pragmatic constraints that influence offers in Jordanian Arabic. Keywords: Speech Acts, Jordanian Arabic Offers, Directive, Commissive, Direct, (Non) Conventionally Indirect.
{"title":"A Theoretical Review of the Speech Act of Offering: Towards \u0000a Categorization of its Use in Jordanian Arabic","authors":"","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.14.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.14.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"As offers in Jordanian Arabic neither have an explicit performative nor may be expressed by a particular linguistic pattern unlike other speech acts e.g. requests, advice, or warning, they can be realized through a range of different linguistic patterns. Based on this, Jordanian Arabic offers have mixed characteristics, which in turn, affect their linguistic patterns. Since the analysis of Jordanian Arabic daily offers is still very much in its infancy, this research paper is devoted to exploring the linguistic strategies of Jordanian Arabic offer as employed by 100 Jordanians in their daily interactions. To accomplish the objective of this paper, data were collected through a DCT consisting of 10 hypothetical situations that represent everyday interactions. To help find all the nuances in the offer strategies and their linguistic patterns, responses to the situations were qualitatively analyzed through arranging the data in a tabular form. Interactional roles of the interactants were found to be the key to the formation of the four proposed offer aspects: directive-end, commissive-end, directive-and commissive end, and directive-nor commissive-end. These aspects were then classified under the three constructed types of offers: direct, conventionally-indirect, and non-conventionally indirect. This paper generates a hypothesis for further studies that direct offers may be more polite than their indirect counterparts. Also, it strongly invokes a very near-reaching research paper concentrating on the socio-pragmatic constraints that influence offers in Jordanian Arabic. \u0000Keywords: Speech Acts, Jordanian Arabic Offers, Directive, Commissive, Direct, (Non) Conventionally Indirect.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132536872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study attempts a pragmatic analysis of impoliteness strategies utilized by Hamlet in his interactions with other characters in the play. It aims at examining other characters' verbal responses to Hamlet’s impolite speech acts and identifying which response strategies are more frequently associated with which impoliteness strategies. To achieve these objectives, the study collates (32) impolite speech acts along with their responses from Hamlet to represent its data for analysis. Out of these data, (15) examples are randomly selected to analyze the impoliteness strategies utilizing Culpeper’s (1996/2011/2017) and Culpeper, Bousfield and Wichmann (2003) models. Moreover, Bousfield’s (2008) model was adopted to account for the interlocutors' responses to impoliteness. The findings of the study show that mock impoliteness, bald on record impoliteness and positive impoliteness are repeated in the play, of which mock impoliteness is the most frequently used strategy. Concerning the response strategies, the defensive and defensive-offensive strategies are frequently used by the characters in Hamlet, but the most frequent one is the defensive strategy. These impoliteness strategies and their responses have adversely affected the relationship amongst characters in the play and its general atmosphere. Keywords: Impoliteness, Impoliteness Strategies, Response Strategies, Speech Acts.
{"title":"Pragmatic Analysis of Impolite Speech Acts and their Verbal \u0000Responses in Shakespeare’s Hamlet","authors":"","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.14.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.14.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts a pragmatic analysis of impoliteness strategies utilized by Hamlet in his interactions with other characters in the play. It aims at examining other characters' verbal responses to Hamlet’s impolite speech acts and identifying which response strategies are more frequently associated with which impoliteness strategies. To achieve these objectives, the study collates (32) impolite speech acts along with their responses from Hamlet to represent its data for analysis. Out of these data, (15) examples are randomly selected to analyze the impoliteness strategies utilizing Culpeper’s (1996/2011/2017) and Culpeper, Bousfield and Wichmann (2003) models. Moreover, Bousfield’s (2008) model was adopted to account for the interlocutors' responses to impoliteness. The findings of the study show that mock impoliteness, bald on record impoliteness and positive impoliteness are repeated in the play, of which mock impoliteness is the most frequently used strategy. Concerning the response strategies, the defensive and defensive-offensive strategies are frequently used by the characters in Hamlet, but the most frequent one is the defensive strategy. These impoliteness strategies and their responses have adversely affected the relationship amongst characters in the play and its general atmosphere. \u0000Keywords: Impoliteness, Impoliteness Strategies, Response Strategies, Speech Acts.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125346469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin Powers is a war veteran, who employs his experience as a war veteran in the American army in Iraq from 2004 to 2005 to narrate his debut novel, The Yellow Birds (2013). This study investigates Powers’ portrayal of post-heroism in the context of the Second Gulf War. This novel illustrates the deformed face of war within an emerging post-heroic atmosphere. Post-heroism, instead of bravery and chivalry, signals the decline of heroic ethos in the context of war, in which soldiers are left to question the true value of sacrifice in the battlefield. The narrative’s battlefield imagery, emotive repercussions of those involved and motives of war are examined by referring to the soldiers’ post-heroism. Albeit war is personified as a looming figure at the onset of the narrative, Powers’ post-heroic narrative leaves little doubt of the futility of engaging with war. Keywords: Kevin Powers; War on Iraq; Post-Heroism; The Yellow Birds; War Narrative.
{"title":"Post-Heroic Portrayal of War in Kevin Powers’ The Yellow Birds","authors":"M Ikbal M Alosman, M. M Alosman","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.14.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.14.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Kevin Powers is a war veteran, who employs his experience as a war veteran in the American army in Iraq from 2004 to 2005 to narrate his debut novel, The Yellow Birds (2013). This study investigates Powers’ portrayal of post-heroism in the context of the Second Gulf War. This novel illustrates the deformed face of war within an emerging post-heroic atmosphere. Post-heroism, instead of bravery and chivalry, signals the decline of heroic ethos in the context of war, in which soldiers are left to question the true value of sacrifice in the battlefield. The narrative’s battlefield imagery, emotive repercussions of those involved and motives of war are examined by referring to the soldiers’ post-heroism. Albeit war is personified as a looming figure at the onset of the narrative, Powers’ post-heroic narrative leaves little doubt of the futility of engaging with war. \u0000Keywords: Kevin Powers; War on Iraq; Post-Heroism; The Yellow Birds; War Narrative.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114933633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Auster’s Man in the Dark includes numerous war stories that altogether contribute to its overall message about the different shape of the world if there were no wars. Most of these war stories are about the miscellaneous effective roles of women during wartime and its aftermath; their contributions to the progress of wars; their victimization as wives and captives; their sufferings as widows and laborers; and their drastic change of identity in accepting new social roles traditionally unachievable. These images of women of war make Man in the Dark a novel about women, although it literally seems not to offer any points about them. This paper is thus to argue that Auster seems to be presenting himself as a pro-feminist in this novel, which is basically about war and what causes war, in highlighting women’s roles during wartime and how their contributions have been unfairly silenced. Keywords: Auster, Man in the Dark, war, women.
{"title":"Women of War in Paul Auster’s Man in the Dark","authors":"","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.13.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.13.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Auster’s Man in the Dark includes numerous war stories that altogether contribute to its overall message about the different shape of the world if there were no wars. Most of these war stories are about the miscellaneous effective roles of women during wartime and its aftermath; their contributions to the progress of wars; their victimization as wives and captives; their sufferings as widows and laborers; and their drastic change of identity in accepting new social roles traditionally unachievable. These images of women of war make Man in the Dark a novel about women, although it literally seems not to offer any points about them. This paper is thus to argue that Auster seems to be presenting himself as a pro-feminist in this novel, which is basically about war and what causes war, in highlighting women’s roles during wartime and how their contributions have been unfairly silenced. \u0000Keywords: Auster, Man in the Dark, war, women.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128783060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La présente étude vise à évaluer les stratégies d’apprentissage et d’acquisition de collocations françaises par les étudiants des universités jordaniennes. A cette fin, un test de 30 phrases contenant 30 collocations incomplètes a été distribué auprès de 60 étudiants du niveau des troisième et quatrième années ; ils devaient compléter ces collocations en choisissant le mot approprié parmi 4 choix proposés. L’analyse des réponses des étudiants a révélé une certaine confusion au niveau des contraintes syntaxiques d’association des collocations, une influence de la langue maternelle, l’arabe, sur le choix du collocatif et une confusion au niveau des synonymes français. Par conséquent, nous proposons un enseignement insistant sur les contraintes syntaxiques et lexicales des collocations françaises, la comparaison avec les collocations arabes de même sens et même emploi et, enfin, l’introduction des dictionnaires électroniques de cooccurrence. Mots-clés : Collocations, Contraintes, Acquisition, Evaluation, Enseignement, Français Langue Etrangère.
{"title":"Acquisition des Collocations en Classe de Français Langue \u0000Etrangère dans les Universités Jordaniennes","authors":"Narjes Ennasser","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.13.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.13.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"La présente étude vise à évaluer les stratégies d’apprentissage et d’acquisition de collocations françaises par les étudiants des universités jordaniennes. A cette fin, un test de 30 phrases contenant 30 collocations incomplètes a été distribué auprès de 60 étudiants du niveau des troisième et quatrième années ; ils devaient compléter ces collocations en choisissant le mot approprié parmi 4 choix proposés. L’analyse des réponses des étudiants a révélé une certaine confusion au niveau des contraintes syntaxiques d’association des collocations, une influence de la langue maternelle, l’arabe, sur le choix du collocatif et une confusion au niveau des synonymes français. Par conséquent, nous proposons un enseignement insistant sur les contraintes syntaxiques et lexicales des collocations françaises, la comparaison avec les collocations arabes de même sens et même emploi et, enfin, l’introduction des dictionnaires électroniques de cooccurrence.\u0000Mots-clés : Collocations, Contraintes, Acquisition, Evaluation, Enseignement, Français Langue Etrangère.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133346456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims at giving the clinical symptom “Hearing Voices” a literary conceptualization through an analytical reading of Margaret Atwood’s Lady Oracle (1976). Shedding light on the synergy between the body, the voice, and trauma, the study specifically examines how the protagonist’s childhood trauma returns through the cracks of her consciousness in a form of hallucinations and hearing ghost voices in adulthood. The study also aims to explore how Atwood problematizes the notion of hearing voices to project her protagonist’s inner world. The ensuing discussion utilizes Sigmund Freud’s theorization on trauma’s embodiment through corporeality, as well as Cathy Caruth’s emphasis on the manifestation of trauma through both the voice and the body. Also relevant is Laura Di Prete’s focus on the interplay between embodied voices and speaking bodies. Keywords: Childhood memories; Corporeality of trauma; Hearing voices; Margaret Atwood,;Lady Oracle.
{"title":"Hearing Voices: A Corporeal Expression of Trauma in Margaret \u0000Atwood’s Lady Oracle","authors":"Ikram Lecheheb, Samira al-Khawaldeh","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.13.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.13.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims at giving the clinical symptom “Hearing Voices” a literary conceptualization through an analytical reading of Margaret Atwood’s Lady Oracle (1976). Shedding light on the synergy between the body, the voice, and trauma, the study specifically examines how the protagonist’s childhood trauma returns through the cracks of her consciousness in a form of hallucinations and hearing ghost voices in adulthood. The study also aims to explore how Atwood problematizes the notion of hearing voices to project her protagonist’s inner world. The ensuing discussion utilizes Sigmund Freud’s theorization on trauma’s embodiment through corporeality, as well as Cathy Caruth’s emphasis on the manifestation of trauma through both the voice and the body. Also relevant is Laura Di Prete’s focus on the interplay between embodied voices and speaking bodies.\u0000Keywords: Childhood memories; Corporeality of trauma; Hearing voices; Margaret Atwood,;Lady Oracle.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132196362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Working at the intersection of postcolonial and archetypal criticism, this article investigates the role of women in resistance literature by looking at a piece of postcolonial Arabic fiction, Ghassan Kanafani's Umm Saad (1969). Rooted in Arab politics concerning land rights and anti-Zionist struggle, the text offers a related archetypal approach to the depiction of women in politicized literature. Umm Saad allegorizes the struggles of Palestinians to reclaim their land. A poor peasant woman, the titular heroine embodies the intimate connection between Palestinians and their land, acting as a helper to combative men and a primal symbol for attachment to the enduring land. Umm Saad is a personal mother and a trope for a feminized colonized territory, metaphorically representing the Palestinian nation and assuming mythological features enabling her to identify with the Earth Mother to send a message against dispossession. Since she embodies positive mother archetype symbolism (the personal mother and the Earth Mother), she acts as a source of fertility and protection. Expressing a political statement via the mother archetype, Kanafani appeals to a basic human need, i.e. the need to settle down in one’s land, which makes woman an indispensible part of the collective unconscious of any nation. Keywords: Archetypal Criticism; Kanafani; Mother(land); Postcolonial Arabic Fiction; Umm Saad.
{"title":"The \"Motherland\": An Archetypal and Postcolonial Reading \u0000of Ghassan Kanafani's Umm Saad","authors":"S. Neimneh","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.13.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.13.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Working at the intersection of postcolonial and archetypal criticism, this article investigates the role of women in resistance literature by looking at a piece of postcolonial Arabic fiction, Ghassan Kanafani's Umm Saad (1969). Rooted in Arab politics concerning land rights and anti-Zionist struggle, the text offers a related archetypal approach to the depiction of women in politicized literature. Umm Saad allegorizes the struggles of Palestinians to reclaim their land. A poor peasant woman, the titular heroine embodies the intimate connection between Palestinians and their land, acting as a helper to combative men and a primal symbol for attachment to the enduring land. Umm Saad is a personal mother and a trope for a feminized colonized territory, metaphorically representing the Palestinian nation and assuming mythological features enabling her to identify with the Earth Mother to send a message against dispossession. Since she embodies positive mother archetype symbolism (the personal mother and the Earth Mother), she acts as a source of fertility and protection. Expressing a political statement via the mother archetype, Kanafani appeals to a basic human need, i.e. the need to settle down in one’s land, which makes woman an indispensible part of the collective unconscious of any nation.\u0000Keywords: Archetypal Criticism; Kanafani; Mother(land); Postcolonial Arabic Fiction; Umm Saad.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133769986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study has investigated the relationship between learning English vocabulary via mobile phone and the learners’ social anxiety and loneliness. The participants of the study were thirty-two intermediate English as foreign language (EFL) learners studying English at the University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. Sixty American English idioms were chosen and became available in a Telegram channel, during a six-week period of treatment to provide the participants with Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL). A researcher-designed achievement test was administered to assess the learners’ vocabulary learning via mobile phone. Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS) (Leary 1983) and UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 (ULS) (Russell 1996) were used to estimate the learners’ social anxiety and loneliness, respectively. The results showed no significant correlation between the variables; thus, it can be concluded that MALL not only frees the learners from the restrictions of time and place, but also minimizes the possible intervention of some socially and emotionally affective variables, such as social anxiety and loneliness in the process of language learning. Keywords: Learning Vocabulary, Mobile-assisted Language Learning, Social Anxiety, Loneliness
{"title":"The Relationship between Learning Vocabulary via Mobile (Mobile-Assisted Language Learning) and Iranian EFL Learners’ Social Anxiety and Loneliness","authors":"","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.13.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.13.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"The present study has investigated the relationship between learning English vocabulary via mobile phone and the learners’ social anxiety and loneliness. The participants of the study were thirty-two intermediate English as foreign language (EFL) learners studying English at the University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. Sixty American English idioms were chosen and became available in a Telegram channel, during a six-week period of treatment to provide the participants with Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL). A researcher-designed achievement test was administered to assess the learners’ vocabulary learning via mobile phone. Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS) (Leary 1983) and UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 (ULS) (Russell 1996) were used to estimate the learners’ social anxiety and loneliness, respectively. The results showed no significant correlation between the variables; thus, it can be concluded that MALL not only frees the learners from the restrictions of time and place, but also minimizes the possible intervention of some socially and emotionally affective variables, such as social anxiety and loneliness in the process of language learning.\u0000Keywords: Learning Vocabulary, Mobile-assisted Language Learning, Social Anxiety, Loneliness","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"21 50","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132742595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shafagh Ghoushchi, H. Yazdani, Hamidreza Dowlatabadi, M. Ahmadian
There is a tight nexus between visual literacy and textbook picture representations. This is of paramount importance when textbooks in general and ELT textbooks, in particular, are under question. To conduct a visual and verbal discourse analysis based on modes of communication, ELT textbook pictures were analyzed under the assumption that visual and verbal discourse interacts with reflected modes of communication. To this end, 50 ELT textbook pictures were used as the corpus and analyzed according to KvL's (2006) visual images analytical strategies in multimodal texts and Halliday’s (1985) transitivity system for verbal analysis of textbook pictures. The analysis of multimodal resources revealed that the analyzed visual images were used to represent non-human images; close-up images, frontal images, left-right compositions were the most frequent visual modes in the selected pictures. In the case of verbal mode, the relational main-type and verbal minor-type level with 39% and 2% were the most and least frequent verbal strategies, respectively. The findings might have significant theoretical and pedagogical implications for scholars, L2 teachers, and ELT textbook designers to consider the potential of using multimodal resources for non-pedagogical purposes while integrating textbook visual images and verbal strategies to create meanings. Keywords: Multimodal Discourse Analysis, Transitive System’s Processes, Visual Images Interpretive Strategies, Modes of Communication, ELT Textbooks.
{"title":"A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Pictures in ELT Textbooks:\u0000 Modes of Communication in Focus","authors":"Shafagh Ghoushchi, H. Yazdani, Hamidreza Dowlatabadi, M. Ahmadian","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.13.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.13.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"There is a tight nexus between visual literacy and textbook picture representations. This is of paramount importance when textbooks in general and ELT textbooks, in particular, are under question. To conduct a visual and verbal discourse analysis based on modes of communication, ELT textbook pictures were analyzed under the assumption that visual and verbal discourse interacts with reflected modes of communication. To this end, 50 ELT textbook pictures were used as the corpus and analyzed according to KvL's (2006) visual images analytical strategies in multimodal texts and Halliday’s (1985) transitivity system for verbal analysis of textbook pictures. The analysis of multimodal resources revealed that the analyzed visual images were used to represent non-human images; close-up images, frontal images, left-right compositions were the most frequent visual modes in the selected pictures. In the case of verbal mode, the relational main-type and verbal minor-type level with 39% and 2% were the most and least frequent verbal strategies, respectively. The findings might have significant theoretical and pedagogical implications for scholars, L2 teachers, and ELT textbook designers to consider the potential of using multimodal resources for non-pedagogical purposes while integrating textbook visual images and verbal strategies to create meanings.\u0000Keywords: Multimodal Discourse Analysis, Transitive System’s Processes, Visual Images Interpretive Strategies, Modes of Communication, ELT Textbooks.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129617585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
e récit minimaliste, qui est apparu après le Nouveau Roman tente de revitaliser la langue et le roman. Cette nouvelle approche d'écriture romanesque est qualifiée par les critiques comme un concept de la littérature postmoderne. L'auteur postmoderne tente de se retirer de la société pour pouvoir voyager dans son monde intérieur. L'errance, l'absurdité et l'ambiguïté sont des termes qui reviennent régulièrement sous la plume des critiques quand il s'agit de caractériser la littérature postmoderne. Dans cet article après avoir défini le sens du récit minimaliste, nous comparerons les différences et les similitudes de ce courant littéraire avec le Nouveau Roman. Ensuite, nous essayons de montrer les mécanismes narratifs dans La Salle de bain de Jean–Philippe Toussaint. La structure fragmentée de cette œuvre oscille entre un seul mot et quelques pages. Pour le lecteur moderne, la lecture du roman de Toussaint, auteur minimaliste du XXe siècle, peut être choquante. Cet auteur brise la linéarité en faisant éclater l'espace et le temps. Les caractéristiques du style de Toussaint détruisent celles du roman réaliste. A cela s'ajoute le langage qui aide la fragmentation de l'histoire et cause sa démolition. Mots-clés : Le Récit Minimaliste, La Littérature Postmoderne, Le Nouveau Roman, La Salle de Bain, Jean–Philippe Toussaint.
在新小说之后出现的极简主义叙事试图复兴语言和小说。这种小说写作的新方法被评论家称为后现代文学的概念。这位后现代作家试图退出社会，进入自己的内心世界。在描述后现代文学时，徘徊、荒谬和模棱两可是评论家经常使用的术语。在这篇文章中，在定义了极简主义叙事的意义之后，我们将比较极简主义叙事与新小说的异同。接下来，我们试图展示Jean - Philippe Toussaint在浴室中的叙事机制。这部作品的支离破碎的结构从一个词到几页不等。对于现代读者来说，20世纪极简主义作家杜桑的小说可能会令人震惊。作者打破了线性，打破了空间和时间。杜桑的风格特征破坏了现实主义小说的风格特征。此外，语言有助于历史的碎片化，并导致历史的拆除。关键词:极简主义叙事，后现代文学，新小说，浴室，让-菲利普·杜桑。
{"title":"Mécanismes Narratifs dans La Salle de Bain de Jean–Philippe Toussaint","authors":"","doi":"10.47012/jjmll.13.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.13.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"e récit minimaliste, qui est apparu après le Nouveau Roman tente de revitaliser la langue et le roman. Cette nouvelle approche d'écriture romanesque est qualifiée par les critiques comme un concept de la littérature postmoderne. L'auteur postmoderne tente de se retirer de la société pour pouvoir voyager dans son monde intérieur. L'errance, l'absurdité et l'ambiguïté sont des termes qui reviennent régulièrement sous la plume des critiques quand il s'agit de caractériser la littérature postmoderne. Dans cet article après avoir défini le sens du récit minimaliste, nous comparerons les différences et les similitudes de ce courant littéraire avec le Nouveau Roman. Ensuite, nous essayons de montrer les mécanismes narratifs dans La Salle de bain de Jean–Philippe Toussaint. La structure fragmentée de cette œuvre oscille entre un seul mot et quelques pages. Pour le lecteur moderne, la lecture du roman de Toussaint, auteur minimaliste du XXe siècle, peut être choquante. Cet auteur brise la linéarité en faisant éclater l'espace et le temps. Les caractéristiques du style de Toussaint détruisent celles du roman réaliste. A cela s'ajoute le langage qui aide la fragmentation de l'histoire et cause sa démolition. \u0000Mots-clés : Le Récit Minimaliste, La Littérature Postmoderne, Le Nouveau Roman, La Salle de Bain, Jean–Philippe Toussaint.","PeriodicalId":197303,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115002702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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