Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351653
A. Drozd, B. Archambeault, A. Duffy, I. Kasperovich
This paper identifies several important aspects of current Feature Selective Validation (FSV) methodologies that are embodied in IEEE Standard 1597.1 for the Validation of CEM Computer Modeling and Simulations. The FSV method facilitates comparisons of sets of electromagnetic (EM) observable data for a given problem to determine “levels of agreement” across amplitude and feature variables. Areas of future revision to this standard are presented that will further enhance the standard's utility for performing Computational Electromagnetic (CEM) technique validation for a wide range of problems. In particular, we consider the utility of the N-dimensional FSV and revisit applications of the Amplitude Difference Measure (ADM), Feature Difference Measure (FDM) and the Global Difference Measure (GDM). This is discussed within the context of large complex system problems that present interesting challenges to the FSV method due to the potentially wide dynamic range of the data. Certain use cases for scattering cross section, system-level coupling, and large system-level EMC problems require a somewhat modified approach in computing the GDM based on how the FDM and ADM are weighted. For the current 1-D FSV, unweighted or incorrectly weighted amplitude and feature measures can potentially lead to inconclusive or even misleading results. These issues are addressed and future revisions to the IEEE Standard 1597.1 are highlighted.
{"title":"Development of next generation FSV tools and standards","authors":"A. Drozd, B. Archambeault, A. Duffy, I. Kasperovich","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351653","url":null,"abstract":"This paper identifies several important aspects of current Feature Selective Validation (FSV) methodologies that are embodied in IEEE Standard 1597.1 for the Validation of CEM Computer Modeling and Simulations. The FSV method facilitates comparisons of sets of electromagnetic (EM) observable data for a given problem to determine “levels of agreement” across amplitude and feature variables. Areas of future revision to this standard are presented that will further enhance the standard's utility for performing Computational Electromagnetic (CEM) technique validation for a wide range of problems. In particular, we consider the utility of the N-dimensional FSV and revisit applications of the Amplitude Difference Measure (ADM), Feature Difference Measure (FDM) and the Global Difference Measure (GDM). This is discussed within the context of large complex system problems that present interesting challenges to the FSV method due to the potentially wide dynamic range of the data. Certain use cases for scattering cross section, system-level coupling, and large system-level EMC problems require a somewhat modified approach in computing the GDM based on how the FDM and ADM are weighted. For the current 1-D FSV, unweighted or incorrectly weighted amplitude and feature measures can potentially lead to inconclusive or even misleading results. These issues are addressed and future revisions to the IEEE Standard 1597.1 are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121091774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351808
Jing Li, M. Koledintseva, A. Razmadze, A. Gafarov, Yaojiang Zhang, J. Drewniak, J. Fan, J. Shenhui
Sensitivity analysis of the performance of thin absorbing coatings and ferrite chokes on cables to the variation in dielectric and magnetic properties of materials is carried out. This variation corresponds to possible uncertainty in measuring complex permittivity and permeability of materials. The analysis in this paper is done numerically using the 2D-FEM code. The modeled parameters are input impedance and EMI radiation reduction when applying absorbing materials and ferrite chokes on the cables, represented as monopole antenna rods. The material parameters of absorbing materials and ferrites used in this study were measured using the standard 7-mm coaxial air line. Higher sensitivity of the modeled parameters to the uncertainty of measuring complex permeability of absorbing materials and ferrites, and lower to the uncertainty of measuring complex permittivity, even in the case of high-permittivity absorbing coatings, have been demonstrated.
{"title":"Permeability and permittivity uncertainty effects in modeling absorbing coatings and ferrites on cables","authors":"Jing Li, M. Koledintseva, A. Razmadze, A. Gafarov, Yaojiang Zhang, J. Drewniak, J. Fan, J. Shenhui","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351808","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitivity analysis of the performance of thin absorbing coatings and ferrite chokes on cables to the variation in dielectric and magnetic properties of materials is carried out. This variation corresponds to possible uncertainty in measuring complex permittivity and permeability of materials. The analysis in this paper is done numerically using the 2D-FEM code. The modeled parameters are input impedance and EMI radiation reduction when applying absorbing materials and ferrite chokes on the cables, represented as monopole antenna rods. The material parameters of absorbing materials and ferrites used in this study were measured using the standard 7-mm coaxial air line. Higher sensitivity of the modeled parameters to the uncertainty of measuring complex permeability of absorbing materials and ferrites, and lower to the uncertainty of measuring complex permittivity, even in the case of high-permittivity absorbing coatings, have been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116718052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351800
M. Perkins, M. Ong, C. L. Robbins
Electric field coupling into electrically small monopoles/dipoles and magnetic field coupling into electrically small loop antennas has been investigated extensively due to their applicability to a wide range of applications. However, under certain conditions electrically small folded antenna structures exist in which both coupling mechanisms must be included simultaneously in order to perform an accurate system analysis. In this paper we present a low frequency model that includes both electric and magnetic field coupling simultaneously for a folded antenna with two gaps. Values for a circuit model are found using an electrostatic finite element code and a full wave frequency domain finite element code. The circuit model is then validated by a full wave finite difference time domain code. For the time domain analysis the antenna structure is excited by fields from a lightning pulse. The time domain simulation has excellent agreement with the circuit model that is presented.
{"title":"A low-frequency model for E-field and B-field coupling into a folded antenna with two gaps","authors":"M. Perkins, M. Ong, C. L. Robbins","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351800","url":null,"abstract":"Electric field coupling into electrically small monopoles/dipoles and magnetic field coupling into electrically small loop antennas has been investigated extensively due to their applicability to a wide range of applications. However, under certain conditions electrically small folded antenna structures exist in which both coupling mechanisms must be included simultaneously in order to perform an accurate system analysis. In this paper we present a low frequency model that includes both electric and magnetic field coupling simultaneously for a folded antenna with two gaps. Values for a circuit model are found using an electrostatic finite element code and a full wave frequency domain finite element code. The circuit model is then validated by a full wave finite difference time domain code. For the time domain analysis the antenna structure is excited by fields from a lightning pulse. The time domain simulation has excellent agreement with the circuit model that is presented.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127704376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351683
Felix Traub, J. Hansen, W. Ackermann, T. Weiland
Physical equivalent circuits are powerful tools for EMC analysis of electronic devices, however their generation is in general cumbersome. In this paper, a procedure to generate physical equivalent circuits using 3D simulations is described. The method is based on a numerical computation of Z parameters using 3D simulations. Equivalent circuit tpoplogy and parameters are extracted from the simulated Z parameter matrix. Maxwell's equations are used in a reduced form to eliminate all effects that cannot be modelled by equivalent circuits.
{"title":"Generation of physical equivalent circuits using 3D simulations","authors":"Felix Traub, J. Hansen, W. Ackermann, T. Weiland","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351683","url":null,"abstract":"Physical equivalent circuits are powerful tools for EMC analysis of electronic devices, however their generation is in general cumbersome. In this paper, a procedure to generate physical equivalent circuits using 3D simulations is described. The method is based on a numerical computation of Z parameters using 3D simulations. Equivalent circuit tpoplogy and parameters are extracted from the simulated Z parameter matrix. Maxwell's equations are used in a reduced form to eliminate all effects that cannot be modelled by equivalent circuits.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121189036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351694
M. Sørensen, O. Franek, G. Pedersen, K. A. Baltsen, H. Ebert
The perturbation of near-fields scan from connected cables are investigated and how to handle the cables is discussed. A connected cable induced small but theoretical detectable changes in the near-field. This change can be seen in Huygens' box simulations (equivalent source currents on a box) at the cable resonance frequencies while there is no change away from the resonance frequencies.
{"title":"Perturbation of near-field scan from connected cables","authors":"M. Sørensen, O. Franek, G. Pedersen, K. A. Baltsen, H. Ebert","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351694","url":null,"abstract":"The perturbation of near-fields scan from connected cables are investigated and how to handle the cables is discussed. A connected cable induced small but theoretical detectable changes in the near-field. This change can be seen in Huygens' box simulations (equivalent source currents on a box) at the cable resonance frequencies while there is no change away from the resonance frequencies.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126241516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351805
Hong-jun Xiang, Sug-hun Chang, J. Zou, Jiansheng Yuan, S. Shenderey
A fast electric field integral in time domain using the uneven discretization and the implicit scheme is proposed to calculate the switching electromagnetic transient at a substation. The switching transient currents and the resultant radiated electromagnetic field are calculated. The propose d approach has the strength to model the bus system at a substation with a more complicated and realistic configuration that is difficult to simulate using the circuit-based method, because all the electromagnetic couplings within the bus system are included globally. The proposed method might be one of good candidates to predicate the EMI level at a substation.
{"title":"Substation switching electromagnetic transient analysis using the time domain integral equation with a high order implicit scheme","authors":"Hong-jun Xiang, Sug-hun Chang, J. Zou, Jiansheng Yuan, S. Shenderey","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351805","url":null,"abstract":"A fast electric field integral in time domain using the uneven discretization and the implicit scheme is proposed to calculate the switching electromagnetic transient at a substation. The switching transient currents and the resultant radiated electromagnetic field are calculated. The propose d approach has the strength to model the bus system at a substation with a more complicated and realistic configuration that is difficult to simulate using the circuit-based method, because all the electromagnetic couplings within the bus system are included globally. The proposed method might be one of good candidates to predicate the EMI level at a substation.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124541387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351835
D. Arnett
This paper analyzes the radio emission differences between the display images specified under CISPR 32 and those specified under ANSI C63.4, with a focus on radiated emissions from information technology equipment and the characteristics of a quasi-peak detector.
{"title":"CISPR 32 vs. ANSI C63.4: Color bars, scrolling H patterns, and the quasi-peak detector","authors":"D. Arnett","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351835","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the radio emission differences between the display images specified under CISPR 32 and those specified under ANSI C63.4, with a focus on radiated emissions from information technology equipment and the characteristics of a quasi-peak detector.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124680808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351689
G. Lovat, R. Araneo, S. Celozzi
The frequency-selective shielding behavior of periodic screens based on resonant elements is investigated, with particular reference to two-dimensional arrays of Jerusalem crosses and split-ring resonators. A parametric study of the shielding effectiveness under plane-wave far-field incidence is first performed based on a conventional periodic Method-of-Moment approach and verified through other full-wave commercial software simulations. Next, an Array-Scanning Method technique is used to study the shielding properties against finite dipole near-field sources, pointing out the main differences with respect to the far-field excitation.
{"title":"Planar and bulk resonant periodic screens against plane-wave and electric-dipole excitations","authors":"G. Lovat, R. Araneo, S. Celozzi","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351689","url":null,"abstract":"The frequency-selective shielding behavior of periodic screens based on resonant elements is investigated, with particular reference to two-dimensional arrays of Jerusalem crosses and split-ring resonators. A parametric study of the shielding effectiveness under plane-wave far-field incidence is first performed based on a conventional periodic Method-of-Moment approach and verified through other full-wave commercial software simulations. Next, an Array-Scanning Method technique is used to study the shielding properties against finite dipole near-field sources, pointing out the main differences with respect to the far-field excitation.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124270037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351771
H. Kwak, T. Hubing
The imbalance difference model introduced by Watanabe is a method for modeling how differential-mode signal currents are converted to common-mode noise currents. A parameter called the current division factor or imbalance factor uniquely defines the degree of imbalance of a transmission line. The imbalance difference model shows that changes in the imbalance are responsible for differential-mode to common-mode conversion. This paper explores various circuit board and cable geometries to illustrate how the imbalance difference model would be applied, and to determine how well common-mode currents obtained using the imbalance difference model compare to full-wave calculations.
{"title":"Investigation of the imbalance difference model and its application to various circuit board and cable geometries","authors":"H. Kwak, T. Hubing","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351771","url":null,"abstract":"The imbalance difference model introduced by Watanabe is a method for modeling how differential-mode signal currents are converted to common-mode noise currents. A parameter called the current division factor or imbalance factor uniquely defines the degree of imbalance of a transmission line. The imbalance difference model shows that changes in the imbalance are responsible for differential-mode to common-mode conversion. This paper explores various circuit board and cable geometries to illustrate how the imbalance difference model would be applied, and to determine how well common-mode currents obtained using the imbalance difference model compare to full-wave calculations.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"2 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131436756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351750
J. Chiappe
This paper compares the electromagnetic interference (EMI) reduction of several radio-frequency (RF) absorber configurations with integrated circuits (IC) and associated heatsinks.
本文比较了几种射频(RF)吸收器配置与集成电路(IC)和相关散热器的电磁干扰(EMI)减少。
{"title":"Additional techniques to reduce heatsink emissions utilizing RF absorbers","authors":"J. Chiappe","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2012.6351750","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares the electromagnetic interference (EMI) reduction of several radio-frequency (RF) absorber configurations with integrated circuits (IC) and associated heatsinks.","PeriodicalId":197346,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"21 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133106959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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