Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.87.93
A. Aisyah, Trismilah Trismilah, W. Mangunwardoyo, D. Suhendar
This study aims to produce lipase of the Bacillus halodurans CM1 mutant and its assess partial characteristics, performed in Bora and Bora modified medium. The purification was conducted using Ultrafiltration (UF), ammonium sulfate (AS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Results revealed that the highest purity lipase of B. halodurans CM1 mutant was 1.49-fold from the UF-AS-dyalisis, with a molecular weight of 35.7-37.4 KDa. The optimum condition of lipase enzyme was achieved at pH 7 and temperature 50 °C, relatively stable at pH 7-8 and temperature 30-70 °C. Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and K+ ions of concentrations, 1 mM to 10 mM increased enzyme lipase activity. The Km value was 0.23 mg/mL and Vmax 4.07 U/mL. Lipase was stable with the addition of a detergent concentration of 1-2% (69.60-57.10%), and with the washing test, the enzyme capable of hydrolyzing oil on cloth is 8.40%.
{"title":"Production and Characterisation Partial Lipase of Bacillus halodurans Cml Mutant for Biodetergen","authors":"A. Aisyah, Trismilah Trismilah, W. Mangunwardoyo, D. Suhendar","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.87.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.87.93","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to produce lipase of the Bacillus halodurans CM1 mutant and its assess partial characteristics, performed in Bora and Bora modified medium. The purification was conducted using Ultrafiltration (UF), ammonium sulfate (AS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Results revealed that the highest purity lipase of B. halodurans CM1 mutant was 1.49-fold from the UF-AS-dyalisis, with a molecular weight of 35.7-37.4 KDa. The optimum condition of lipase enzyme was achieved at pH 7 and temperature 50 °C, relatively stable at pH 7-8 and temperature 30-70 °C. Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and K+ ions of concentrations, 1 mM to 10 mM increased enzyme lipase activity. The Km value was 0.23 mg/mL and Vmax 4.07 U/mL. Lipase was stable with the addition of a detergent concentration of 1-2% (69.60-57.10%), and with the washing test, the enzyme capable of hydrolyzing oil on cloth is 8.40%.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"21 1","pages":"87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82063000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.81.86
M. Gul, N. Muhammad, A. Pauzi, M. Bakar, B. Talip, N. Abdullah, N. Rahim, Wan Nur Ain Syukriah, Wan Nur Ain Syukriah Wan Marzuki, L. Din, N. Ibrahim
The Phyllanthus niruri is traditionally used for curing of kidney disorders and urinary stones in Malaysia. Hence the current work was aimed to evaluate the effect of different solvents extract (n- hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) of P. niruri for in vitro anti-urolithiatic properties in terms of inhibition activity on CaOx by using the rate of CaOx aggregation assay and dissolution of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal by using titrimetry method. Cystone was used as positive control. The effects of cystone on slope of nucleation and aggregation as well as growth of CaOx were evaluated spectrophotometrically. The highest yield percentage of P.niruri was occupied by methanol (5.74 %). The maximum inhibition against aggregation of CaOx crystals was also occupied by methanol (66.67 % ± 1.61) and was comprised with alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid and tannin. Dissolution effect on calcium oxalate crystals indicates that the aqueous extracts of P. niruri was found to be more effective in dissolution of CaOx with 63.33 % ± 1.44. P. niruri significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the slope of nucleation and aggregation of CaOx crystallization, and reduced the crystal density. The results of the present study confirmed that P. niruri leaves can be used as remedial mediator for urolithiasis. However, further studies are required for isolation and identification of active constituents and their in-vivo confirmation.
{"title":"Evaluation of Phyllanthus niruri L. from Malaysia for In-vitro Anti-Urolithiatic Properties by Different Solvent Extraction","authors":"M. Gul, N. Muhammad, A. Pauzi, M. Bakar, B. Talip, N. Abdullah, N. Rahim, Wan Nur Ain Syukriah, Wan Nur Ain Syukriah Wan Marzuki, L. Din, N. Ibrahim","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.81.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.81.86","url":null,"abstract":"The Phyllanthus niruri is traditionally used for curing of kidney disorders and urinary stones in Malaysia. Hence the current work was aimed to evaluate the effect of different solvents extract (n- hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) of P. niruri for in vitro anti-urolithiatic properties in terms of inhibition activity on CaOx by using the rate of CaOx aggregation assay and dissolution of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal by using titrimetry method. Cystone was used as positive control. The effects of cystone on slope of nucleation and aggregation as well as growth of CaOx were evaluated spectrophotometrically. The highest yield percentage of P.niruri was occupied by methanol (5.74 %). The maximum inhibition against aggregation of CaOx crystals was also occupied by methanol (66.67 % ± 1.61) and was comprised with alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid and tannin. Dissolution effect on calcium oxalate crystals indicates that the aqueous extracts of P. niruri was found to be more effective in dissolution of CaOx with 63.33 % ± 1.44. P. niruri significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the slope of nucleation and aggregation of CaOx crystallization, and reduced the crystal density. The results of the present study confirmed that P. niruri leaves can be used as remedial mediator for urolithiasis. However, further studies are required for isolation and identification of active constituents and their in-vivo confirmation.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"6 1","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87942047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.25.29
M. Saeed, A. Nisa, I. Ahmad, S. Hina, N. Zahra, I. Kalim
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a well known condiment of the Asian cuisine and also used as ayurvedic medicine in the content, since ancient times due to its potential therapeutic properties. Main colouring constituent of Curcuma longa is curcumin and curcuminoids. In the present work natural yellow dye was extracted from rhizome of turmeric using an effective low cost method of solvent extraction. The developed natural yellow dye was assessed for physico-chemical analysis, toxicity, polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity. Physico-chemical assay showed good nutritional profile of the extracted natural yellow dye and quite safe at dose level 3.5g/Kg body wt. Significant phenolic content was found to be 63.32 mg GAE/100g, and also showed potent antioxidant capacity (% inhibition) ranging from 5.1-20.4 at 1-5 mg/mL concentration. Animal trials showed no mortality in the mice.
{"title":"Physico-chemical Analysis, Total Polyphenolic Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Yellow Dye Extracted from Curcuma longa","authors":"M. Saeed, A. Nisa, I. Ahmad, S. Hina, N. Zahra, I. Kalim","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.25.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.25.29","url":null,"abstract":"Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a well known condiment of the Asian cuisine and also used as ayurvedic medicine in the content, since ancient times due to its potential therapeutic properties. Main colouring constituent of Curcuma longa is curcumin and curcuminoids. In the present work natural yellow dye was extracted from rhizome of turmeric using an effective low cost method of solvent extraction. The developed natural yellow dye was assessed for physico-chemical analysis, toxicity, polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity. Physico-chemical assay showed good nutritional profile of the extracted natural yellow dye and quite safe at dose level 3.5g/Kg body wt. Significant phenolic content was found to be 63.32 mg GAE/100g, and also showed potent antioxidant capacity (% inhibition) ranging from 5.1-20.4 at 1-5 mg/mL concentration. Animal trials showed no mortality in the mice.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"38 1","pages":"25-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81598154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.55.63
Syed Abdul Wadood, M. Sharif, M. Ashraf, Rebia Ejaz, Ghazala Kosar, M. Azeem, G. Murtaza
Food security is a serious issue in developing countries like Pakistan because of ever-increasing population. To feed the hunger population, safe and nutritious vegetables are growing concern as they are being polluted by heavy metals. The present study was conducted to investigate the concentration of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in highly consumed vegetable collected from peri-urban markets of Rawalpindi and Multan region. Health risk associated with the consumption of these vegetables in term of estimated daily intake of metals (EDIM) and health risk index (HRI) was also evaluated among local consumers. Results showed that mean values of cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in all vegetable samples from both region were exceeding the respective MAL set by FAO/WHO. Estimated daily intake of heavy metals was found below than the permissible limit. EDIM showed following decreasing trend Fe > Zn > Mn > Ni > Pb > Cr and Cd, respectively. The health risk index (HRI) for all heavy metals were less than the threshold level (1), indicating no significant threat to the local population through the consumption of these vegetables.
{"title":"Estimation of Heavy Metals and Associated Health Risk in Selected Vegetables Grown in Peri-Urban Areas of Multan and Rawalpindi, Pakistan","authors":"Syed Abdul Wadood, M. Sharif, M. Ashraf, Rebia Ejaz, Ghazala Kosar, M. Azeem, G. Murtaza","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.55.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.55.63","url":null,"abstract":"Food security is a serious issue in developing countries like Pakistan because of ever-increasing population. To feed the hunger population, safe and nutritious vegetables are growing concern as they are being polluted by heavy metals. The present study was conducted to investigate the concentration of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in highly consumed vegetable collected from peri-urban markets of Rawalpindi and Multan region. Health risk associated with the consumption of these vegetables in term of estimated daily intake of metals (EDIM) and health risk index (HRI) was also evaluated among local consumers. Results showed that mean values of cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in all vegetable samples from both region were exceeding the respective MAL set by FAO/WHO. Estimated daily intake of heavy metals was found below than the permissible limit. EDIM showed following decreasing trend Fe > Zn > Mn > Ni > Pb > Cr and Cd, respectively. The health risk index (HRI) for all heavy metals were less than the threshold level (1), indicating no significant threat to the local population through the consumption of these vegetables.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"8 1","pages":"55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84280236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-03DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.43.48
S. Manzoor, M. Rasheed, G. Jilani, M. A. Ullah, S. S. Hussain, M. Asadullah, M. Arshad, Ghulam Shaheer
Deficiency of phosphorus can reduce the yield up to 15-20% and its availability to crop plants is the main issue, particularly in calcareous soils of Pakistan. Micro-organisms, phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and sulphur oxidizing bacteria (SOB) have the ability to make P accessible for optimum plant growth, under conditions of nutrients disparity. Therefore, six treatments i.e. control, Yz dose of NPK, full recommended dose of NPK, Yz NPK+ SOB, Yz NPK + PSB and Yz NPK + SOB+ PSB were applied in a field experiment to investigate the integrated role of SOB and PSB with NPK fertilizers for enhancing the maize production. The treatment was concluded to have major impact on agro-morphological traits, seed quality and growth parameters of maize. Results depicted that the use of Yz NPK + SOB + PSB gave maximum germination count/plot (151.33), plant height (189.03 cm), number of ears/plant (1.60), grains/ear (472.33), 1000-grain weight (305.67 g), grain yield (5350.50 Kg/ha), harvest index (31.23%), leaf area (379.77 cm2), total dry matter accumulated (181.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (30.60 g/day), net assimilation rate (9.31 g/day) and protein contents (8.49%).
{"title":"Integration of Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria, Sulphur Oxidizing Bacteria with NPK on Maize (Zea mays)","authors":"S. Manzoor, M. Rasheed, G. Jilani, M. A. Ullah, S. S. Hussain, M. Asadullah, M. Arshad, Ghulam Shaheer","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.43.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.64.1.2021.43.48","url":null,"abstract":"Deficiency of phosphorus can reduce the yield up to 15-20% and its availability to crop plants is the main issue, particularly in calcareous soils of Pakistan. Micro-organisms, phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and sulphur oxidizing bacteria (SOB) have the ability to make P accessible for optimum plant growth, under conditions of nutrients disparity. Therefore, six treatments i.e. control, Yz dose of NPK, full recommended dose of NPK, Yz NPK+ SOB, Yz NPK + PSB and Yz NPK + SOB+ PSB were applied in a field experiment to investigate the integrated role of SOB and PSB with NPK fertilizers for enhancing the maize production. The treatment was concluded to have major impact on agro-morphological traits, seed quality and growth parameters of maize. Results depicted that the use of Yz NPK + SOB + PSB gave maximum germination count/plot (151.33), plant height (189.03 cm), number of ears/plant (1.60), grains/ear (472.33), 1000-grain weight (305.67 g), grain yield (5350.50 Kg/ha), harvest index (31.23%), leaf area (379.77 cm2), total dry matter accumulated (181.43 g/plant), crop growth rate (30.60 g/day), net assimilation rate (9.31 g/day) and protein contents (8.49%).","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"61 1","pages":"43-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85107626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.26.34
M. Shahzad, S. Arshad, Z. Ali, Rana Ahmad Ali, H. Shabeer
This study involves the characterization of Khokhar-Bala coal of Punjab (Pakistan) coal field to establish its particle distribution data for size, density and floatability through sizing, float-sink tests and release analysis. Khokhar Bala coal contains high amounts of unwanted impurities like ash (35.22%) and sulphur (8.38%). Over 93% of its mass consists of +1.00 mm particles, when run-of-mine coal is crushed to 38 mm. Washability curves, degrees of washing and the S-values show that the coarser fractions (-38+25 mm; -25+13.33 mm; -13.33+3.35 mm) are extremely difficult to clean, whereas the cleaning potential is high for size fractions -3.35+1.00 mm (moderately difficult) and -1.00+0.15 mm (relatively easy). Modelling and simulation of several processing configurations indicate that at 16% target ash content, dense medium cyclone treating 38 x 1 mm coal particles will provide the maximum clean yield of 37.39% with sulphur content of 4.80%.
{"title":"Characterization of Cleaning Potential of Khokhar-Bala, Punjab (Pakistan) Coal and Simulation-Based Study for Identification of Best Strategy for its Cleaning","authors":"M. Shahzad, S. Arshad, Z. Ali, Rana Ahmad Ali, H. Shabeer","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.26.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.26.34","url":null,"abstract":"This study involves the characterization of Khokhar-Bala coal of Punjab (Pakistan) coal field to establish its particle distribution data for size, density and floatability through sizing, float-sink tests and release analysis. Khokhar Bala coal contains high amounts of unwanted impurities like ash (35.22%) and sulphur (8.38%). Over 93% of its mass consists of +1.00 mm particles, when run-of-mine coal is crushed to 38 mm. Washability curves, degrees of washing and the S-values show that the coarser fractions (-38+25 mm; -25+13.33 mm; -13.33+3.35 mm) are extremely difficult to clean, whereas the cleaning potential is high for size fractions -3.35+1.00 mm (moderately difficult) and -1.00+0.15 mm (relatively easy). Modelling and simulation of several processing configurations indicate that at 16% target ash content, dense medium cyclone treating 38 x 1 mm coal particles will provide the maximum clean yield of 37.39% with sulphur content of 4.80%.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"2 1","pages":"26-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75798546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.46.51
Obaid ur Rehman, S. M. Mehdi, R. Abad, S. Saleem, R. Khalid, S. Alvi
Soil characteristics of Gujar Khan area of Rawalpindi district were evaluated through physical and chemical analysis. About 3002 soil samples were received/collected from farmers' fields of Gujar Khan during the period between 2012 and 2017 and analysed for texture, electrical conductivity (ECe), pH, organic matter (OM), available phosphorus (AP) and available potash (AK). The analysis results revealed that texture of the soils varied from sandy loam (33.5%) to loam (61.6%). The 98.6% soils had ECe values within the normal range ( 0.86%) and 3.4% satisfactory levels and AP (>7.0-14 mg/Kg). However, 62% soils has satisfactory to adequate AK status. The frequency distribution analysis indicated that 45% soils of Gujar Khan and OM content in the range of 0.4-0.6%, 57% and soil have AP in the range of 4.0-6.0 mg/Kg, while 50% and AK in the range of 81-120 mg/Kg. The soil fertility indexes in respect of OM and AP were low (1.0), whereas AK (1.7) indicating a medium fertility status of Gujar Khan soils.
{"title":"Soil Characteristics and Fertility Indexation in Gujar Khan Area of Rawalpindi","authors":"Obaid ur Rehman, S. M. Mehdi, R. Abad, S. Saleem, R. Khalid, S. Alvi","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.46.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.46.51","url":null,"abstract":"Soil characteristics of Gujar Khan area of Rawalpindi district were evaluated through physical and chemical analysis. About 3002 soil samples were received/collected from farmers' fields of Gujar Khan during the period between 2012 and 2017 and analysed for texture, electrical conductivity (ECe), pH, organic matter (OM), available phosphorus (AP) and available potash (AK). The analysis results revealed that texture of the soils varied from sandy loam (33.5%) to loam (61.6%). The 98.6% soils had ECe values within the normal range ( 0.86%) and 3.4% satisfactory levels and AP (>7.0-14 mg/Kg). However, 62% soils has satisfactory to adequate AK status. The frequency distribution analysis indicated that 45% soils of Gujar Khan and OM content in the range of 0.4-0.6%, 57% and soil have AP in the range of 4.0-6.0 mg/Kg, while 50% and AK in the range of 81-120 mg/Kg. The soil fertility indexes in respect of OM and AP were low (1.0), whereas AK (1.7) indicating a medium fertility status of Gujar Khan soils.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"18 1","pages":"46-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86592830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.1.5
S. Sabir, Sadia Baig, Muhammad Mohtasheemul Hasan, A. Siddiq, Salman Ahmed, Syeda Anum Fatima
Phaseolus vulgaris Linn commonly known as red kidney bean, it is enriched in protein, carbohydrates and dietary fibres. Beans have nutritional and health benefits and also possess antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and anticancer activity due to presence of bio-active chemical constituents. The following study was carried out to evaluate the anti-depressant activity of Phaseolus vulgaris fixed oil (PVFO) using forced swim test and tail suspension test in mice. In this study animals assigned into four groups (n=7). Group I: Control normal saline (2 mL/Kg), Group II: PVFO I (2 mL/Kg), Group III: PVFO II (4 mL/Kg) and Group IV: standard amitriptyline (10 mg/Kg). The results were significant and indicated the possible anti-depressant role of Phaseolus vulgaris fixed oil.
菜豆俗称红芸豆，富含蛋白质、碳水化合物和膳食纤维。豆类具有营养和健康的好处，还具有抗菌、降糖、抗氧化和抗癌活性，由于存在的生物活性化学成分。采用小鼠强迫游泳试验和悬尾试验，对菜豆固定油(PVFO)的抗抑郁活性进行了研究。本研究将动物分为四组(n=7)。组1:对照生理盐水(2ml /Kg)，组2:PVFO I (2ml /Kg)，组3:PVFO II (4ml /Kg)，组4:标准阿米替林(10mg /Kg)。结果表明，菜豆固定油可能具有抗抑郁作用。
{"title":"The Anti-depressant Activity of Fixed Oil of Phaseolus vulgaris Linn. in Mice","authors":"S. Sabir, Sadia Baig, Muhammad Mohtasheemul Hasan, A. Siddiq, Salman Ahmed, Syeda Anum Fatima","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Phaseolus vulgaris Linn commonly known as red kidney bean, it is enriched in protein, carbohydrates and dietary fibres. Beans have nutritional and health benefits and also possess antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and anticancer activity due to presence of bio-active chemical constituents. The following study was carried out to evaluate the anti-depressant activity of Phaseolus vulgaris fixed oil (PVFO) using forced swim test and tail suspension test in mice. In this study animals assigned into four groups (n=7). Group I: Control normal saline (2 mL/Kg), Group II: PVFO I (2 mL/Kg), Group III: PVFO II (4 mL/Kg) and Group IV: standard amitriptyline (10 mg/Kg). The results were significant and indicated the possible anti-depressant role of Phaseolus vulgaris fixed oil.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86309966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.84.96
Asad Muhammad Azama, Tahir Iqbal Awan
The focus concerning controlled drug release requires the growth of appropriate drug carriers that could move adequate amount of the drug to injured area with controlled and sustained manner. A variety of nanoparticles including magnetic nanoparticles, the staes, liposomes, polymers dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and porous silicon have been investigated as drug carriers in drug delivery cases. Nanocarriers have achieved significant importance in the stabilization of proteins and peptides, anti-cancer drug camptothecin (CPT) and bone tissue engineering offering improved buccal access and protection according to the desired function. Moreover, tailored formulation along with functionalization and bio- compatibility has importance in fabrication of nanoparticles for proteins or peptides via oral delivery systems, which has advantage over parenteric delivery systems because of their comfort running and observance to treatment. The review summarizes interesting approaches on existing publications for drugs such as proteins or peptides carrier nanoparticles with special focus on porous silicon for delivery systems. Fabricatioan of nanoparticles e.g. porous silicon nanocarriers for oral delivery, advantages and disadvantages, prospective use of porous silicon in drug delivery systems will be addressed.
{"title":"Review Nanocarriers for the Oral Delivery of Drugs With Special Focus on Porous Silicon: A Review","authors":"Asad Muhammad Azama, Tahir Iqbal Awan","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.84.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.84.96","url":null,"abstract":"The focus concerning controlled drug release requires the growth of appropriate drug carriers that could move adequate amount of the drug to injured area with controlled and sustained manner. A variety of nanoparticles including magnetic nanoparticles, the staes, liposomes, polymers dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and porous silicon have been investigated as drug carriers in drug delivery cases. Nanocarriers have achieved significant importance in the stabilization of proteins and peptides, anti-cancer drug camptothecin (CPT) and bone tissue engineering offering improved buccal access and protection according to the desired function. Moreover, tailored formulation along with functionalization and bio- compatibility has importance in fabrication of nanoparticles for proteins or peptides via oral delivery systems, which has advantage over parenteric delivery systems because of their comfort running and observance to treatment. The review summarizes interesting approaches on existing publications for drugs such as proteins or peptides carrier nanoparticles with special focus on porous silicon for delivery systems. Fabricatioan of nanoparticles e.g. porous silicon nanocarriers for oral delivery, advantages and disadvantages, prospective use of porous silicon in drug delivery systems will be addressed.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"15 1","pages":"84-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75411155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.35.45
M. Nisar, H. Rahman, M. S. Khan, I. Khan, S. Fatima, K. Waseem, K. Rahman
This study assessed the impact of naphthalene acetic Acid (NAA) on the growth and yield of Okra cv. Sabz Pari at Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A field experiment was set out in randomised complete block design with NAA application as a main factor. Different NAA concentrations were obtained by dissolving NAA in distilled water at the rate of 0 (control), 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 110 mg/L. NAA treatments along with control were foliar applied to okra plants after 30 days of sowing. Lower concentration of NAA (30-50 mg/L) stimulated maximum increase in plant height (59.5-57.2%), number of leaves/plant (50.4-45.5%,), total plant leaf area (113.9-119.4%), internodes/plant (72.5-61.6%), internode length (53.2-44.5%), pod diameter (53.5-49.9%), pod fresh weight (126.8-111.8%), pod yield (271.2-255.8%) compared to control (0 mg NAA/L). NAA at higher concentrations (>50 mg/L) had a supressing effect on most parameters. It was inferred that yield production in okra is influenced by multiple yield-determining component traits and their mutual interactions which could be manipulated by the application of NAA. Foliar application of NAA (30-50 mg/L) have a beneficial impact on plant characters and yield of Okra, hence recommended in Okra cultivation.
{"title":"Assessing Impact of Naphthalene Acetic Acid on the Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)","authors":"M. Nisar, H. Rahman, M. S. Khan, I. Khan, S. Fatima, K. Waseem, K. Rahman","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.35.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.35.45","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the impact of naphthalene acetic Acid (NAA) on the growth and yield of Okra cv. Sabz Pari at Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A field experiment was set out in randomised complete block design with NAA application as a main factor. Different NAA concentrations were obtained by dissolving NAA in distilled water at the rate of 0 (control), 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 110 mg/L. NAA treatments along with control were foliar applied to okra plants after 30 days of sowing. Lower concentration of NAA (30-50 mg/L) stimulated maximum increase in plant height (59.5-57.2%), number of leaves/plant (50.4-45.5%,), total plant leaf area (113.9-119.4%), internodes/plant (72.5-61.6%), internode length (53.2-44.5%), pod diameter (53.5-49.9%), pod fresh weight (126.8-111.8%), pod yield (271.2-255.8%) compared to control (0 mg NAA/L). NAA at higher concentrations (>50 mg/L) had a supressing effect on most parameters. It was inferred that yield production in okra is influenced by multiple yield-determining component traits and their mutual interactions which could be manipulated by the application of NAA. Foliar application of NAA (30-50 mg/L) have a beneficial impact on plant characters and yield of Okra, hence recommended in Okra cultivation.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"1 1","pages":"35-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77210712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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