Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02833
J. M. C. D. Silva, E. R. D. C. Viana, Paulo Sérgio Fernandes das Chagas, J. Dombroski, Patrícia Lígia Dantas de Moraes, F. L. D. S. Tomaz, G. Nunes
Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the inheritance of beta-carotene content in melon (Cucumis melo). The AC-16 accession (Cucumis melo subsp. melo var. acidulus) – with a low beta-carotene content and white mesocarp – was crossed with the Vedrantais cultivar (C. melo subsp. melo var. cantalupensis) – with a high beta-carotene content and salmon colored mesocarp –, to obtain the F1, F2, BC1, and BC2 generations. The AC-16 and 'Vedrantais' parents, the F1 and F2 generations, and the BC1 and BC2 backcrosses of each parent were evaluated. The quantification of beta-carotene was carried out in a high-performance liquid chromatography system. Mean components related to the additive and dominance effects, additive and dominance variances, and heritability were estimated. The beta-carotene content was high in 'Vedrantais' (17.78 µg g-1) and low in AC-16 (0.34 µg g-1). The following results were observed: additive and dominance effects on the genetic control of the character, incomplete character dominance, estimated number of loci close to two, greater variance for segregating populations (F2 and backcrosses), and heritability values in the broad (87.75%) and narrow (64.19%) senses. The beta-carotene content in melon is controlled by a major effect gene, with additive and dominance effects associated with polygenes with additive effects.
{"title":"Inheritance of beta-carotene content in melon","authors":"J. M. C. D. Silva, E. R. D. C. Viana, Paulo Sérgio Fernandes das Chagas, J. Dombroski, Patrícia Lígia Dantas de Moraes, F. L. D. S. Tomaz, G. Nunes","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02833","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the inheritance of beta-carotene content in melon (Cucumis melo). The AC-16 accession (Cucumis melo subsp. melo var. acidulus) – with a low beta-carotene content and white mesocarp – was crossed with the Vedrantais cultivar (C. melo subsp. melo var. cantalupensis) – with a high beta-carotene content and salmon colored mesocarp –, to obtain the F1, F2, BC1, and BC2 generations. The AC-16 and 'Vedrantais' parents, the F1 and F2 generations, and the BC1 and BC2 backcrosses of each parent were evaluated. The quantification of beta-carotene was carried out in a high-performance liquid chromatography system. Mean components related to the additive and dominance effects, additive and dominance variances, and heritability were estimated. The beta-carotene content was high in 'Vedrantais' (17.78 µg g-1) and low in AC-16 (0.34 µg g-1). The following results were observed: additive and dominance effects on the genetic control of the character, incomplete character dominance, estimated number of loci close to two, greater variance for segregating populations (F2 and backcrosses), and heritability values in the broad (87.75%) and narrow (64.19%) senses. The beta-carotene content in melon is controlled by a major effect gene, with additive and dominance effects associated with polygenes with additive effects.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67608078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.03032
Matheus dos Santos Cardoso, Luciana Valéria Nettson, Jaqueline Marcela Azambuja de Freitas, V. Lewandowski, A. Signor, W. Boscolo, F. Bittencourt
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the digestibility of the protein, amino acids, and gross energy of swine liver and meat hydrolysates by Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The fish were distributed into 12 tanks with conical bottoms, in a completely randomized design, and fed with the three following diets, with four replicates each: a reference diet with soybean and fish meal; and two test diets, one with swine liver hydrolysate and the other with swine meat hydrolysate. The coefficients of apparent digestibility were high for both hydrolysates, being above 83% for dry matter, 95% for crude protein, and 92% for gross energy. Regarding amino acids, the coefficients remained at 98–100% for the two hydrolysates. The digestibility percentages of the hydrolysates were higher than those of the protein ingredients, both of plant and animal origin, commonly used in the formulation of diets for this fish species. The tested hydrolysates have potential to be used in the formulation of diets for Nile tilapia.
{"title":"Digestibility of swine liver and meat protein hydrolysates by Nile tilapia","authors":"Matheus dos Santos Cardoso, Luciana Valéria Nettson, Jaqueline Marcela Azambuja de Freitas, V. Lewandowski, A. Signor, W. Boscolo, F. Bittencourt","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.03032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.03032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the digestibility of the protein, amino acids, and gross energy of swine liver and meat hydrolysates by Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The fish were distributed into 12 tanks with conical bottoms, in a completely randomized design, and fed with the three following diets, with four replicates each: a reference diet with soybean and fish meal; and two test diets, one with swine liver hydrolysate and the other with swine meat hydrolysate. The coefficients of apparent digestibility were high for both hydrolysates, being above 83% for dry matter, 95% for crude protein, and 92% for gross energy. Regarding amino acids, the coefficients remained at 98–100% for the two hydrolysates. The digestibility percentages of the hydrolysates were higher than those of the protein ingredients, both of plant and animal origin, commonly used in the formulation of diets for this fish species. The tested hydrolysates have potential to be used in the formulation of diets for Nile tilapia.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67609291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110005
A. Raza
Agro-wastes can be converted into compost (slow release organic fertilizer) for the improvement of soil fertility. Heat generated naturally during decomposition of agro-wastes that usually remains unnoticed and untapped was effectively used for a beneficial purpose of warming water. By tapping the heat from composting materials, a bio-geyser was developed. The bio-geyser technology was improved by identifying appropriate combination and volumes of composting materials. During 2016-2017, the dual technology of bio-geyser and agro-waste composting was demonstrated at community level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan using participatory approach. Training events were organized to train the local fabricators and end-users in the use and maintenance of dual technology. The dual technology received overwhelming response from the end-users on account of its simplicity, novelty, cost effectiveness and utility particularly during winter months. End users suggested to provide solar panels in conjunction with bio-geyser units to improve efficiency of technology as shortage of grasses, fodder, etc. during peak winter months appeared to be a limitation towards fast absorption of technology at community level.
{"title":"Development and transfer of dual technology of bio-geyser and agro-waste composting","authors":"A. Raza","doi":"10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110005","url":null,"abstract":"Agro-wastes can be converted into compost (slow release organic fertilizer) for the improvement of soil fertility. Heat generated naturally during decomposition of agro-wastes that usually remains unnoticed and untapped was effectively used for a beneficial purpose of warming water. By tapping the heat from composting materials, a bio-geyser was developed. The bio-geyser technology was improved by identifying appropriate combination and volumes of composting materials. During 2016-2017, the dual technology of bio-geyser and agro-waste composting was demonstrated at community level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan using participatory approach. Training events were organized to train the local fabricators and end-users in the use and maintenance of dual technology. The dual technology received overwhelming response from the end-users on account of its simplicity, novelty, cost effectiveness and utility particularly during winter months. End users suggested to provide solar panels in conjunction with bio-geyser units to improve efficiency of technology as shortage of grasses, fodder, etc. during peak winter months appeared to be a limitation towards fast absorption of technology at community level.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"02 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86087056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02628
K. J. Silva, C. B. Menezes, P. Teodoro, L. P. Teodoro, C. V. Santos, Alexon Fernandes Campos, A. Carvalho, E. D. S. Barbosa
Abstract The objective of this work was to simultaneously select pre-commercial grain sorghum hybrids with high adaptability and yield stability, through mixed modeling, in 20 environments, during six years. The evaluated plant material consisted of 57 commercial grain sorghum hybrids. In all experiments, hybrids were arranged in a triple lattice design; some experiments used a 6x6 lattice, and others, a 5x5 lattice. Adaptability and stability parameters were obtained based on the prediction by harmonic mean of the relative performance of genotypic values (HMRPGV). The mixed models proved to be adequate to analyze the genotype x environment (GxE) interaction and the genotypic adaptability and stability studies on grain sorghum. The hybrids that stand out, considering all environments are 1G282, A9904, 50A50, A9902, and XB6022. The A9904 hybrid stands out in favorable environments, with a grain yield above average. Only 1G282 is among the five best hybrids for each group of environments, and it is the best grain sorghum hybrid for yield performance, adaptability, and stability. The predicted genotypic values based on genotypic means can be used in the environments with the same GxE interaction pattern because they are free of the GxE interaction.
{"title":"Multi-environmental evaluation of sorghum hybrids during off-season in Brazil","authors":"K. J. Silva, C. B. Menezes, P. Teodoro, L. P. Teodoro, C. V. Santos, Alexon Fernandes Campos, A. Carvalho, E. D. S. Barbosa","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02628","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to simultaneously select pre-commercial grain sorghum hybrids with high adaptability and yield stability, through mixed modeling, in 20 environments, during six years. The evaluated plant material consisted of 57 commercial grain sorghum hybrids. In all experiments, hybrids were arranged in a triple lattice design; some experiments used a 6x6 lattice, and others, a 5x5 lattice. Adaptability and stability parameters were obtained based on the prediction by harmonic mean of the relative performance of genotypic values (HMRPGV). The mixed models proved to be adequate to analyze the genotype x environment (GxE) interaction and the genotypic adaptability and stability studies on grain sorghum. The hybrids that stand out, considering all environments are 1G282, A9904, 50A50, A9902, and XB6022. The A9904 hybrid stands out in favorable environments, with a grain yield above average. Only 1G282 is among the five best hybrids for each group of environments, and it is the best grain sorghum hybrid for yield performance, adaptability, and stability. The predicted genotypic values based on genotypic means can be used in the environments with the same GxE interaction pattern because they are free of the GxE interaction.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67605946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02816
Maicom Vinícios Ferreira, D. Gava, R. Schaefer, Ricardo Luis Pierozan, J. Zanella
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the infection caused by influenza A virus (IAV) subtypes and its incidence in pig nurseries in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. A total of 423 nursery pigs were sampled in 11 farms, and IAV circulation, viral RNA, and antibodies were identified. Reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect viral RNA in nasal swab samples (70.2%) and to subtype 33 viruses, of which 18 (54.5%) from six nurseries were the H3N2 virus, 6 (18.1%) from two nurseries were H1N1pdm, and 9 (27.2%) from three nurseries could not be subtyped. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected the presence of IAV antibodies (68%), which was confirmed by the hemagglutination inhibition test, revealing a higher prevalence of antibodies for the H3N2 virus (38.0%), followed by H1N1pdm (23.8%) and H1N2 (3.23%). The obtained data showed that 10.3% of the swine reacted to at least two viral antigens. There is a high prevalence of influenza A virus infection in all 11 piglets nurseries sampled by viral RNA and antibody detection. H3N2 and H1N1pdm, in this order, are the most detected viral subtypes in the 11 sampled nurseries.
{"title":"Influenza A virus circulation in pig nurseries in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil","authors":"Maicom Vinícios Ferreira, D. Gava, R. Schaefer, Ricardo Luis Pierozan, J. Zanella","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02816","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the infection caused by influenza A virus (IAV) subtypes and its incidence in pig nurseries in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. A total of 423 nursery pigs were sampled in 11 farms, and IAV circulation, viral RNA, and antibodies were identified. Reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect viral RNA in nasal swab samples (70.2%) and to subtype 33 viruses, of which 18 (54.5%) from six nurseries were the H3N2 virus, 6 (18.1%) from two nurseries were H1N1pdm, and 9 (27.2%) from three nurseries could not be subtyped. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected the presence of IAV antibodies (68%), which was confirmed by the hemagglutination inhibition test, revealing a higher prevalence of antibodies for the H3N2 virus (38.0%), followed by H1N1pdm (23.8%) and H1N2 (3.23%). The obtained data showed that 10.3% of the swine reacted to at least two viral antigens. There is a high prevalence of influenza A virus infection in all 11 piglets nurseries sampled by viral RNA and antibody detection. H3N2 and H1N1pdm, in this order, are the most detected viral subtypes in the 11 sampled nurseries.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67607301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.03020
Gilmara da Silva Freire, L. Rocha, C. Machado, A. V. C. Silva, A. Lédo
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the viability of genipap (Genipa americana) pollen grain at room temperature in different culture media. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3x11 factorial arrangement (culture media x incubation times) with four replicates. The number of germinated pollen grains was analyzed at 24-hour intervals up to 288 hours after incubation at room temperature. The culture medium with 100 mg L-1 H3BO3, 80 g L-1 sucrose, and 1.0 g L-1 agar results in a higher to intermediate germination percentage, being the most suitable for studies on the in vitro viability of genipap pollen grains.
摘要本研究的目的是在室温条件下，研究不同培养基下美洲Genipa (Genipa americana)花粉粒的活力。试验设计采用3 × 11因子(培养基×孵育时间)完全随机化设计，共设4个重复。在室温下孵育至288 h，每隔24小时对萌发花粉粒数进行分析。100 mg L-1 H3BO3、80 g L-1蔗糖、1.0 g L-1琼脂的培养基发芽率较高至中等，最适合进行栀子花花粉粒离体活力的研究。
{"title":"In vitro viability of genipap pollen grains in different culture media","authors":"Gilmara da Silva Freire, L. Rocha, C. Machado, A. V. C. Silva, A. Lédo","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.03020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.03020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the viability of genipap (Genipa americana) pollen grain at room temperature in different culture media. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3x11 factorial arrangement (culture media x incubation times) with four replicates. The number of germinated pollen grains was analyzed at 24-hour intervals up to 288 hours after incubation at room temperature. The culture medium with 100 mg L-1 H3BO3, 80 g L-1 sucrose, and 1.0 g L-1 agar results in a higher to intermediate germination percentage, being the most suitable for studies on the in vitro viability of genipap pollen grains.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67609388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110016
M. Rani
Coronavirus, at present, has created major health havoc across the world. It has been declared as a global health threat by the World Health Organization (WHO). The world has already experienced major outbreaks of coronaviruses previously. A few of the major outbreaks from the past include Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) in 2012, and the present Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-20). All of these belonged to Coronaviridae and have been known to cause respiratory infections mostly. The infection ranges from mild to severe and even death with common symptoms of fever, chills, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal problems, etc. This respective review article discusses the prominent members of Coronaviridae in detail. It highlights the major outbreaks of coronaviruses faced by the world and the substantial mortalities caused by them. It also talks about the most effectively used methods of diagnosis for such viruses andenumerates the antivirals and drug combinations found effective against the past and present coronavirus infections. Coronavirus is at present the hottest topic for study due to COVID-19. This review article aims to collectively present all the relevant data for our readers which can help them to strengthen their basic knowledge for future studies.
{"title":"A review on corona virus pandemic: Update on epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment","authors":"M. Rani","doi":"10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110016","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus, at present, has created major health havoc across the world. It has been declared as a global health threat by the World Health Organization (WHO). The world has already experienced major outbreaks of coronaviruses previously. A few of the major outbreaks from the past include Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) in 2012, and the present Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-20). All of these belonged to Coronaviridae and have been known to cause respiratory infections mostly. The infection ranges from mild to severe and even death with common symptoms of fever, chills, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal problems, etc. This respective review article discusses the prominent members of Coronaviridae in detail. It highlights the major outbreaks of coronaviruses faced by the world and the substantial mortalities caused by them. It also talks about the most effectively used methods of diagnosis for such viruses andenumerates the antivirals and drug combinations found effective against the past and present coronavirus infections. Coronavirus is at present the hottest topic for study due to COVID-19. This review article aims to collectively present all the relevant data for our readers which can help them to strengthen their basic knowledge for future studies.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82840173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110023
Z. Khan
A study from March 2019 to August 2019 was conducted to find out the diversity of Grasshopper in the piedmont of mount Elum, Buner. Its elevation is 2,800 meters. A total of 633 specimens were collected during the study period. A 22 species of grasshopper were identified under nineteen genera of three families. Members of family Acrididae (17) under 8 subfamilies were found the most abundant. Whereas, Tettigoniidae (3) has two subfamilies and Pyrgomorphidae (2) has only one subfamily. Statistical analysis indicated percentage of different species of family Acrididae is 84.2% while Tettigoniidae is 9.8% and Pyrgomorphidae is 6%. The most dominant species recorded was Diabolocatantops pinguis (11%) whereas, Euconocephalus incertus (0.6%), indicated the lowest range. The diversity were found through analysis of different parameters like morphometric measurement such as body length, length of wings, length of femur, length of tabia, length of tarsi, length of antennae, length of pronotum with finely divider and a common scale ruler. The data were analyzed via MS Excel version 2010.
{"title":"Diversity of grasshopper in the piedmont of mount Elum, Buner","authors":"Z. Khan","doi":"10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110023","url":null,"abstract":"A study from March 2019 to August 2019 was conducted to find out the diversity of Grasshopper in the piedmont of mount Elum, Buner. Its elevation is 2,800 meters. A total of 633 specimens were collected during the study period. A 22 species of grasshopper were identified under nineteen genera of three families. Members of family Acrididae (17) under 8 subfamilies were found the most abundant. Whereas, Tettigoniidae (3) has two subfamilies and Pyrgomorphidae (2) has only one subfamily. Statistical analysis indicated percentage of different species of family Acrididae is 84.2% while Tettigoniidae is 9.8% and Pyrgomorphidae is 6%. The most dominant species recorded was Diabolocatantops pinguis (11%) whereas, Euconocephalus incertus (0.6%), indicated the lowest range. The diversity were found through analysis of different parameters like morphometric measurement such as body length, length of wings, length of femur, length of tabia, length of tarsi, length of antennae, length of pronotum with finely divider and a common scale ruler. The data were analyzed via MS Excel version 2010.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87927175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02312
M. A. Rodrigues, F. A. D. Silveira, R. A. Moreira, M. S. Pádua, J. P. Pinto, L. A. S. Pio, D. N. Santos, J. B. Bueno Filho, L. Reis
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the induction of indirect organogenesis by concentrations of dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and thidiazuron (TDZ) in pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) explants, using scanning electron microscopy and the flow cytometry technique. The treatments consisted of the concentrations of 0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1 2,4-D and TDZ and of the combinations of these regulators. Percentages of callus coverage at 45 and 60 days were evaluated. The explants subjected to the treatments were analized by flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy. All treatments induced endoreduplication, and there was no somaclonal variation. Under the combination of 2.0 mg L-1 TDZ and 4.0 mg L-1 2,4-D, calluses were formed in 95% of the explants, but were smaller than those produced with 2,4-D separately. The concentration of 2.0 mg L-1 TDZ induces the indirect organogenesis in pitaya explants, confirmed by the presence of conducting vessels through scanning electron microscopy.
{"title":"Regeneration of pitaya by indirect organogenesis evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry","authors":"M. A. Rodrigues, F. A. D. Silveira, R. A. Moreira, M. S. Pádua, J. P. Pinto, L. A. S. Pio, D. N. Santos, J. B. Bueno Filho, L. Reis","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02312","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the induction of indirect organogenesis by concentrations of dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and thidiazuron (TDZ) in pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) explants, using scanning electron microscopy and the flow cytometry technique. The treatments consisted of the concentrations of 0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1 2,4-D and TDZ and of the combinations of these regulators. Percentages of callus coverage at 45 and 60 days were evaluated. The explants subjected to the treatments were analized by flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy. All treatments induced endoreduplication, and there was no somaclonal variation. Under the combination of 2.0 mg L-1 TDZ and 4.0 mg L-1 2,4-D, calluses were formed in 95% of the explants, but were smaller than those produced with 2,4-D separately. The concentration of 2.0 mg L-1 TDZ induces the indirect organogenesis in pitaya explants, confirmed by the presence of conducting vessels through scanning electron microscopy.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67603329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.01453
P. Straaten
Abstract Agromineral resources are minerals and rocks used to improve soil productivity and health. These resources can be applied: indirectly, by extracting and concentrating one or more minerals by industrial processes for the production of conventional, highly soluble fertilizers; and directly, without processing, except fine grinding, for direct soil application. Agromineral resources include sedimentary phosphates, limestones/dolostones, potash and glauconite-bearing rocks of sedimentary origin, basaltic rocks, phonolites, kamafugites, and glass-rich mafic rocks of igneous origin. Among metamorphic agromineral resources, marble and biotite schist stand out. However, agromineral resources are not equally distributed on Earth’s surface, occurring more in one area than in another, and have accumulated in various geotectonic settings related to plate tectonics, being formed in specific geological time periods in Earth’s history. Therefore, these resources occur in specific “agromineral provinces” and were formed during specific “agromineral epochs”. This paper provides a conceptual framework for agromineral resource distribution in time and space. Agrominerals have a high potential to be used as directly applied soil amendments and soil remineralizers for new and innovative farming strategies, provided the amendments are low or free of contaminants.
{"title":"Distribution of agromineral resources in space and time – a global geological perspective","authors":"P. Straaten","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.01453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.01453","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Agromineral resources are minerals and rocks used to improve soil productivity and health. These resources can be applied: indirectly, by extracting and concentrating one or more minerals by industrial processes for the production of conventional, highly soluble fertilizers; and directly, without processing, except fine grinding, for direct soil application. Agromineral resources include sedimentary phosphates, limestones/dolostones, potash and glauconite-bearing rocks of sedimentary origin, basaltic rocks, phonolites, kamafugites, and glass-rich mafic rocks of igneous origin. Among metamorphic agromineral resources, marble and biotite schist stand out. However, agromineral resources are not equally distributed on Earth’s surface, occurring more in one area than in another, and have accumulated in various geotectonic settings related to plate tectonics, being formed in specific geological time periods in Earth’s history. Therefore, these resources occur in specific “agromineral provinces” and were formed during specific “agromineral epochs”. This paper provides a conceptual framework for agromineral resource distribution in time and space. Agrominerals have a high potential to be used as directly applied soil amendments and soil remineralizers for new and innovative farming strategies, provided the amendments are low or free of contaminants.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67603485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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