Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02677
K. F. Gobbi, M. Takahashi, M. Azevedo, Jonez Fidalski, S. M. Lugão
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate cassava (Manihot esculenta) crop yield, as well as soil density and carbon content, under no tillage and conventional cultivation, in rotation with palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha) subjected to grazing. Treatments consisted of cassava cultivated as follows: in conventional tillage after 2 (CC-2P) and 4 (CC-4P) years of pasture; in no-tillage after 2 (NTC-2P) and 4 (NTC-4P) years of pasture; and with perennial pasture (PP) of palisade grass. The CC-2P treatment showed higher cassava yield in the 2016/2017 crop year (63.29 Mg ha-1) than NTC-2P (47.85 Mg ha-1). However, in the 2018/2019 crop year, no significant yield differences were observed between CC-4P (60.95 Mg ha-1) and NTC-4P (60.68 Mg ha-1). Between 2012 and 2019, soil carbon content (0-10 cm) decreased in the CC-2P treatment. In 2019, carbon stock was higher for NTC-4P compared with CC-4P and CC-2P, increasing from 16.41 to 21.46 Mg ha-1 between 2012 and 2019. Cassava yield varies depending on crop year, whereas soil carbon content decreases after CC-2P, but increases after NTC-4P.
{"title":"Cassava yield in conventional and no-tillage cultivation in integrated crop-livestock systems","authors":"K. F. Gobbi, M. Takahashi, M. Azevedo, Jonez Fidalski, S. M. Lugão","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02677","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate cassava (Manihot esculenta) crop yield, as well as soil density and carbon content, under no tillage and conventional cultivation, in rotation with palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha) subjected to grazing. Treatments consisted of cassava cultivated as follows: in conventional tillage after 2 (CC-2P) and 4 (CC-4P) years of pasture; in no-tillage after 2 (NTC-2P) and 4 (NTC-4P) years of pasture; and with perennial pasture (PP) of palisade grass. The CC-2P treatment showed higher cassava yield in the 2016/2017 crop year (63.29 Mg ha-1) than NTC-2P (47.85 Mg ha-1). However, in the 2018/2019 crop year, no significant yield differences were observed between CC-4P (60.95 Mg ha-1) and NTC-4P (60.68 Mg ha-1). Between 2012 and 2019, soil carbon content (0-10 cm) decreased in the CC-2P treatment. In 2019, carbon stock was higher for NTC-4P compared with CC-4P and CC-2P, increasing from 16.41 to 21.46 Mg ha-1 between 2012 and 2019. Cassava yield varies depending on crop year, whereas soil carbon content decreases after CC-2P, but increases after NTC-4P.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67606197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02766
Ingridh Medeiros Simões, C. P. D. Araujo, T. Mello, Thuanny Lins Monteiro Rosa, Natasha Vieira de Oliveira, M. Caldeira, E. R. Schmildt, J. Lopes, W. Otoni, R. S. Alexandre
Abstract The objective of this work was to establish an efficient protocol for the in vitro organogenesis of Dalbergia nigra. For this purpose, 30-day-old seedlings were sectioned at their cotyledonary nodes and nodal segments. These materials were cultivated in a medium with different combinations of the 6-benzylaminopurine and thidiazuron cytokinins. After 60 days in a growth chamber set at 27°C and a 16-hour photoperiod, growth characteristics were analyzed. Explants from the cotyledonary nodes show a greater morphogenetic potential, regardless of the addition of cytokinins. Cotyledonary nodes in the medium supplemented with 2.22 µmol L-1 BAP show the best combination for the in vitro propagation of D. nigra.
{"title":"In vitro organogenesis as an efficient method for the propagation of Dalbergia nigra","authors":"Ingridh Medeiros Simões, C. P. D. Araujo, T. Mello, Thuanny Lins Monteiro Rosa, Natasha Vieira de Oliveira, M. Caldeira, E. R. Schmildt, J. Lopes, W. Otoni, R. S. Alexandre","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02766","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to establish an efficient protocol for the in vitro organogenesis of Dalbergia nigra. For this purpose, 30-day-old seedlings were sectioned at their cotyledonary nodes and nodal segments. These materials were cultivated in a medium with different combinations of the 6-benzylaminopurine and thidiazuron cytokinins. After 60 days in a growth chamber set at 27°C and a 16-hour photoperiod, growth characteristics were analyzed. Explants from the cotyledonary nodes show a greater morphogenetic potential, regardless of the addition of cytokinins. Cotyledonary nodes in the medium supplemented with 2.22 µmol L-1 BAP show the best combination for the in vitro propagation of D. nigra.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"451 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67607005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02790
Leandro Escobar Dalarosa, L. M. C. Davide, M. C. Gonçalves, L. M. A. Bacchi, Adriano dos Santos, A. G. Guimarães, José Leonardo da Silva, Rogério Catarino Lima da Costa, Gabriela Aparecida de Almeida Amorim
Abstract The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters of cassava (Manihot esculenta) genotypes cultivated in the field, as well as the genetic divergence between them, in order to identify which ones show a greater resistance to anthracnose and bacteriosis. Three independent experiments were carried out, evaluating 133 accessions and nine commercial cultivars of cassava distributed in five blocks, with five plants per plot in each experiment. In the first experiment, the plants were subjected to inoculation with Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (bacteriosis). In the second, the plants were subjected to inoculation with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. manihotis (anthracnose). In the third, carried out in an augmented block design and under naturally occurring diseases, visual evaluations of the plants were performed using a rating scale. Heritability was used as a genetic parameter, and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean was applied to determine genetic divergence and clustering. In the third experiment, genetic variability was detected among accessions, which were evaluated for the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) for anthracnose and bacteriosis. In the first and third experiments of bacteriosis, the chances of success in the selection of resistant accessions are higher due to the high heritability values obtained. The BGM-1170 and BGM-1134 accessions show the lowest mean for AUDPC and are considered resistant to anthracnose and bacteriosis.
{"title":"Parameters and genetic divergence to identify resistance to anthracnose and bacteriosis in cassava accessions","authors":"Leandro Escobar Dalarosa, L. M. C. Davide, M. C. Gonçalves, L. M. A. Bacchi, Adriano dos Santos, A. G. Guimarães, José Leonardo da Silva, Rogério Catarino Lima da Costa, Gabriela Aparecida de Almeida Amorim","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02790","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters of cassava (Manihot esculenta) genotypes cultivated in the field, as well as the genetic divergence between them, in order to identify which ones show a greater resistance to anthracnose and bacteriosis. Three independent experiments were carried out, evaluating 133 accessions and nine commercial cultivars of cassava distributed in five blocks, with five plants per plot in each experiment. In the first experiment, the plants were subjected to inoculation with Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (bacteriosis). In the second, the plants were subjected to inoculation with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. manihotis (anthracnose). In the third, carried out in an augmented block design and under naturally occurring diseases, visual evaluations of the plants were performed using a rating scale. Heritability was used as a genetic parameter, and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean was applied to determine genetic divergence and clustering. In the third experiment, genetic variability was detected among accessions, which were evaluated for the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) for anthracnose and bacteriosis. In the first and third experiments of bacteriosis, the chances of success in the selection of resistant accessions are higher due to the high heritability values obtained. The BGM-1170 and BGM-1134 accessions show the lowest mean for AUDPC and are considered resistant to anthracnose and bacteriosis.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67607561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02976
M. Toebe, A. Cargnelutti Filho, C. T. Bandeira, F. Tartaglia, J. O. D. Carvalho, Alessandra Ferreira Cortes, Edgar Salis Brasil Neto
Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the optimal plot size and the number of replicates for the evaluation of the fresh weight of ryegrass sowed in rows. Seventy uniformity trials were performed with 'Barjumbo' ryegrass, in 16 basic experimental units (BEUs) of 0.51 m2 each. The fresh weight of ryegrass in the BEUs of 18, 18, 6, 6, and 22 uniformity trials was determined, respectively, at 130, 131, 133, 134, and 137 days after sowing. The optimal plot size was determined through the method of the maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation. The number of replicates was determined in scenarios formed by combinations of treatments and differences between means to be detected as significant by Tukey’s test, at 5% probabilit y. The optimal plot size ranged from 1.73 to 3.18 m2, and the variation coefficient in the optimal plot size from 7.58 to 13.96%. The number of replicates varied from 3.95 (~4) to 32.27 (~33), depending on the experimental design, the number of treatments, and the adopted minimum difference. The optimal plot size is 2.29 m2, and, in experiments with up to 50 treatments, eight replicates are required to identify as significant the differences between treatment means of 20.24%.
{"title":"Plot size and number of replicates for ryegrass experiments sowed in rows","authors":"M. Toebe, A. Cargnelutti Filho, C. T. Bandeira, F. Tartaglia, J. O. D. Carvalho, Alessandra Ferreira Cortes, Edgar Salis Brasil Neto","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02976","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the optimal plot size and the number of replicates for the evaluation of the fresh weight of ryegrass sowed in rows. Seventy uniformity trials were performed with 'Barjumbo' ryegrass, in 16 basic experimental units (BEUs) of 0.51 m2 each. The fresh weight of ryegrass in the BEUs of 18, 18, 6, 6, and 22 uniformity trials was determined, respectively, at 130, 131, 133, 134, and 137 days after sowing. The optimal plot size was determined through the method of the maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation. The number of replicates was determined in scenarios formed by combinations of treatments and differences between means to be detected as significant by Tukey’s test, at 5% probabilit y. The optimal plot size ranged from 1.73 to 3.18 m2, and the variation coefficient in the optimal plot size from 7.58 to 13.96%. The number of replicates varied from 3.95 (~4) to 32.27 (~33), depending on the experimental design, the number of treatments, and the adopted minimum difference. The optimal plot size is 2.29 m2, and, in experiments with up to 50 treatments, eight replicates are required to identify as significant the differences between treatment means of 20.24%.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67608713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110004
S. Khalid
The allelopathic potential of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Citrus aurantium were investigated against Triticum aestivum L. (Var. Gomal) in the laboratory. Fresh and dry leaves (5, 10 and 15g) of E. camaldulensis and C. aurantium were soaked in 100ml of distilled water for 24hrs and 48hrs and were then filtered. The extract was then applied on Triticum aestivum to investigate the allelopathic impact on germination percentage, radicle and plumule length after 72hrs of incubation period at 26°C. The results showed that the fresh and dry leaves extract of E. camaldulensis and C. aurantium significantly reduced the plumule and radicle length and showed a lesser effect on the germination percentage of Triticum aestivum as compared to the control. The germination percentage was effected more by 48hrs soaking duration extract of E. camaldulensis than C. aurantium and was recorded 24.26%. The radicle length was effected more by 48hrs soaking duration extract of C. aurantium as compared to E. camaldulensis and was recorded 77.23%. The plumule length was effected more by 24hrs soaking duration extract of E. camaldulensis as compared to C. aurantium and was recorded 91.68%. From the results, it was concluded that the dry and fresh leaves extract of C. aurantium and E. camaldulensis significantly effected the growth and germination percentage of Triticum aestivum which suggests that some allelochemicals might be present in C. aurantium and E. camaldulensis.
{"title":"Allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Citrus aurantium aqueous extract on germination and growth of Triticum asetivum L. (Var. Gomal)","authors":"S. Khalid","doi":"10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110004","url":null,"abstract":"The allelopathic potential of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Citrus aurantium were investigated against Triticum aestivum L. (Var. Gomal) in the laboratory. Fresh and dry leaves (5, 10 and 15g) of E. camaldulensis and C. aurantium were soaked in 100ml of distilled water for 24hrs and 48hrs and were then filtered. The extract was then applied on Triticum aestivum to investigate the allelopathic impact on germination percentage, radicle and plumule length after 72hrs of incubation period at 26°C. The results showed that the fresh and dry leaves extract of E. camaldulensis and C. aurantium significantly reduced the plumule and radicle length and showed a lesser effect on the germination percentage of Triticum aestivum as compared to the control. The germination percentage was effected more by 48hrs soaking duration extract of E. camaldulensis than C. aurantium and was recorded 24.26%. The radicle length was effected more by 48hrs soaking duration extract of C. aurantium as compared to E. camaldulensis and was recorded 77.23%. The plumule length was effected more by 24hrs soaking duration extract of E. camaldulensis as compared to C. aurantium and was recorded 91.68%. From the results, it was concluded that the dry and fresh leaves extract of C. aurantium and E. camaldulensis significantly effected the growth and germination percentage of Triticum aestivum which suggests that some allelochemicals might be present in C. aurantium and E. camaldulensis.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79650635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110013
S. Mobeen
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex ailment that disturb metabolic process of body and prevalent worldwide. Natural products have gained substantial consideration in correcting diabetes and its associated level globally. This research is conducted to access the therapeutic potential of turmeric and black cumin to lessen the diet related malfunctioning like diabetes mellitus which is defined by elevated blood glucose level. Turmeric and black cumin both possess disease prevention properties like anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antioxidants and numerous others. Therapeutic effect of turmeric and black cumin was assessed by an efficacy study on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups that are G0 consist of healthy rats, G1 consist of diabetic rats without giving any treatment, G2 involves diabetic rats received turmeric powder, G3 involves diabetic rats received black cumin powder and G4 consist of diabetic rats treated with combined mixture of turmeric powder and black powder. The objective of this study was to estimate the anti-diabetic role of turmeric and black cumin in rats. The result indicated that blood glucose level and serum lipid profile was greatly improved by combined mixture of turmeric and black cumin rather than the individual doses of turmeric and black cumin. Thus the result showed that turmeric and black cumin has potential to treat diabetes mellitus and related disorders.
{"title":"Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential of turmeric and black cumin in rat model","authors":"S. Mobeen","doi":"10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110013","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex ailment that disturb metabolic process of body and prevalent worldwide. Natural products have gained substantial consideration in correcting diabetes and its associated level globally. This research is conducted to access the therapeutic potential of turmeric and black cumin to lessen the diet related malfunctioning like diabetes mellitus which is defined by elevated blood glucose level. Turmeric and black cumin both possess disease prevention properties like anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antioxidants and numerous others. Therapeutic effect of turmeric and black cumin was assessed by an efficacy study on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups that are G0 consist of healthy rats, G1 consist of diabetic rats without giving any treatment, G2 involves diabetic rats received turmeric powder, G3 involves diabetic rats received black cumin powder and G4 consist of diabetic rats treated with combined mixture of turmeric powder and black powder. The objective of this study was to estimate the anti-diabetic role of turmeric and black cumin in rats. The result indicated that blood glucose level and serum lipid profile was greatly improved by combined mixture of turmeric and black cumin rather than the individual doses of turmeric and black cumin. Thus the result showed that turmeric and black cumin has potential to treat diabetes mellitus and related disorders.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81467725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02831
G. L. Menezes, L. Gonçalves, Pamela Grossi de Sousa, P. Michel, R. B. P. Oliveira, A. Oliveira, Daniel Ferreira de Oliveira Melo, Frederico Patrus Ananias de Assis Pires, D. Jayme
Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the effects of sealing delay for 12 hours and of the use of microbial inoculant with heterofermentative bacteria on whole-plant corn (Zea mays) silage. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2×2 factorial arrangement (with or without inoculant × with or without sealing delay). Silage was evaluated for: chemical composition in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), fermentative parameters, losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological profile. The heating of the silage caused by respiration increased the contents of neutral detergent insoluble protein and of acid detergent insoluble protein by 77 and 27.3%, respectively. Soluble carbohydrate losses increased the contents of neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein by 9.1% and of acid detergent fiber by 5.1%, but decreased the content of nonfibrous carbohydrates by 11.2%. IVDMD did not differ between treatments. Silages with delayed sealing and the inoculant showed higher pH and contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammoniacal nitrogen, but a lower content of lactic acid. Delayed sealing reduces the nutritional value, increases the fibrous fractions, and decreases the soluble carbohydrates, whereas the use of inoculant does not improve the nutritional value and aerobic stability of the silages.
{"title":"Corn silage quality under delayed sealing and microbial inoculant use","authors":"G. L. Menezes, L. Gonçalves, Pamela Grossi de Sousa, P. Michel, R. B. P. Oliveira, A. Oliveira, Daniel Ferreira de Oliveira Melo, Frederico Patrus Ananias de Assis Pires, D. Jayme","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02831","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the effects of sealing delay for 12 hours and of the use of microbial inoculant with heterofermentative bacteria on whole-plant corn (Zea mays) silage. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2×2 factorial arrangement (with or without inoculant × with or without sealing delay). Silage was evaluated for: chemical composition in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), fermentative parameters, losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological profile. The heating of the silage caused by respiration increased the contents of neutral detergent insoluble protein and of acid detergent insoluble protein by 77 and 27.3%, respectively. Soluble carbohydrate losses increased the contents of neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein by 9.1% and of acid detergent fiber by 5.1%, but decreased the content of nonfibrous carbohydrates by 11.2%. IVDMD did not differ between treatments. Silages with delayed sealing and the inoculant showed higher pH and contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammoniacal nitrogen, but a lower content of lactic acid. Delayed sealing reduces the nutritional value, increases the fibrous fractions, and decreases the soluble carbohydrates, whereas the use of inoculant does not improve the nutritional value and aerobic stability of the silages.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67607863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02942
M. C. Espindula, L. F. B. D. Araújo, J. M. Diocleciano, R. Rocha, Jairo Rafael Machado Dias, Abraão Carlos Verdin Filho
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of cuttings of Coffea canephora genotypes, in a new system for training mother plants called “vertical clonal garden”. The proposed new system consists of training coffee plants with only one shoot and without bending the main shoot, so that the secondary orthotropic shoots, from which the clonal cuttings will be taken, are formed across the length of the stem in the vertical direction. The capacity for the production of cuttings of ten hybrid genotypes of coffee plants was evaluated over ten production cycles. The 'BRS 2314', 'BRS 3213', and 'BRS 3210' genotypes showed cutting production per cut of 425,000 cuttings per hectare, considered above the obtained average. The 'BRS 3193', 'BRS 2336', 'BRS 3220', and 'BRS 3137' genotypes were the least productive. Coffee plants trained in the “vertical clonal garden” system can produce about 425,000 cuttings per hectare per harvest period or about 1.275 million cuttings per hectare per year, over three harvest periods, with a greater ease in crop management and treatments.
{"title":"New model of clonal garden for the production of robusta coffee plantlets","authors":"M. C. Espindula, L. F. B. D. Araújo, J. M. Diocleciano, R. Rocha, Jairo Rafael Machado Dias, Abraão Carlos Verdin Filho","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02942","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of cuttings of Coffea canephora genotypes, in a new system for training mother plants called “vertical clonal garden”. The proposed new system consists of training coffee plants with only one shoot and without bending the main shoot, so that the secondary orthotropic shoots, from which the clonal cuttings will be taken, are formed across the length of the stem in the vertical direction. The capacity for the production of cuttings of ten hybrid genotypes of coffee plants was evaluated over ten production cycles. The 'BRS 2314', 'BRS 3213', and 'BRS 3210' genotypes showed cutting production per cut of 425,000 cuttings per hectare, considered above the obtained average. The 'BRS 3193', 'BRS 2336', 'BRS 3220', and 'BRS 3137' genotypes were the least productive. Coffee plants trained in the “vertical clonal garden” system can produce about 425,000 cuttings per hectare per harvest period or about 1.275 million cuttings per hectare per year, over three harvest periods, with a greater ease in crop management and treatments.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67608639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02962
K. D. Silva, R. Quisen, Juliana Degenhardt Goldbach, Kauanna Brok Ferreira Pepe, Antônio Nascim Kalil Filho
Abstract The objective of this work was to isolate endophytic bacteria from peach palm (Bactris gasipaes var. gasipaes) plants and to evaluate the effects of their inoculation on the plant seedlings. Bacteria were isolated from the leaves and roots of the seedlings and from the meristems of peach palm plants in vitro. The isolates were characterized phenotypically and, then, 15 of them, representing different phenotypic groups, were selected and identified by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Afterward, these isolates and two commercial strains of Azospirillum brasilense (Ab-V5 and Ab-V6) were inoculated in the peach palm seedlings. After 76 days, the seedlings were evaluated for plant development. The following six genera were identified based on the sequencing: Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Rhizobium, Stenotrophomonas, Klebsiella, and Erwinia. Out of the 15 inoculated isolates, 9 had a positive effect on the root dry mass of palm peach, with CNPF 77 (Enterobacter sp.), CNPF 100 (Rhizobium sp.), and CNP 179 and CNPF 277 (Stenotrophomonas sp.) standing out. Peach palm seedlings harbor endophytic bacteria which are able to increase root dry matter.
{"title":"Plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria in peach palm seedlings","authors":"K. D. Silva, R. Quisen, Juliana Degenhardt Goldbach, Kauanna Brok Ferreira Pepe, Antônio Nascim Kalil Filho","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2022.v57.02962","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to isolate endophytic bacteria from peach palm (Bactris gasipaes var. gasipaes) plants and to evaluate the effects of their inoculation on the plant seedlings. Bacteria were isolated from the leaves and roots of the seedlings and from the meristems of peach palm plants in vitro. The isolates were characterized phenotypically and, then, 15 of them, representing different phenotypic groups, were selected and identified by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Afterward, these isolates and two commercial strains of Azospirillum brasilense (Ab-V5 and Ab-V6) were inoculated in the peach palm seedlings. After 76 days, the seedlings were evaluated for plant development. The following six genera were identified based on the sequencing: Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Rhizobium, Stenotrophomonas, Klebsiella, and Erwinia. Out of the 15 inoculated isolates, 9 had a positive effect on the root dry mass of palm peach, with CNPF 77 (Enterobacter sp.), CNPF 100 (Rhizobium sp.), and CNP 179 and CNPF 277 (Stenotrophomonas sp.) standing out. Peach palm seedlings harbor endophytic bacteria which are able to increase root dry matter.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67608977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110007
Abdullah Khan
An experiment on evaluating bitter gourd varieties on different cultivation methods was conducted at the Agriculture Research Institute Tarnab Peshawar, Pakistan, in 2016. The experimental plots were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement. Layout methods were considered the main plots, and varieties were allotted to subplots. Different varieties of Bitter gourd Kiran, Jaunpuri, and Peshawar Local were trailed on various layout ways, i.e., Vertical on net trailing method and conventional on the ground trailing method. Results showed significant variations among different layout methods. Vertically on net trailing method took minimum (39) days to flower, while maximum fruit length (17.44 cm), vine length (4.32 m), fruit diameter (4.82 cm), fruit weight (67.25 g) yield plot (12.27 kg), fruit yield (13.63 t ha), and the net return in the cost-benefit ratio was (7.69) rupees. Kiran variety produced significantly more number of fruits vine (17.6), individual fruit weight (68.02 g), fruit length (19.18 cm), vine length (4.45 m), number of branches vine(10.03) while yield plot were (12.01 kg) and fruit yield (13.34 t ha). The interaction among the layout methods and varieties showed that less number (38) of days were taken to flowering by the Kiran variety, maximum vine length (4.46 m), number of branches vine (10.03), and fruit yield (15.51 t ha) when trained vertically on the net. From these findings, it is observed that the vertical trailing method on net and Kiran variety is prominent both in production and quality.
{"title":"Evaluation of bitter gourd varieties on different methods of cultivation","authors":"Abdullah Khan","doi":"10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19045/BSPAB.2022.110007","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment on evaluating bitter gourd varieties on different cultivation methods was conducted at the Agriculture Research Institute Tarnab Peshawar, Pakistan, in 2016. The experimental plots were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement. Layout methods were considered the main plots, and varieties were allotted to subplots. Different varieties of Bitter gourd Kiran, Jaunpuri, and Peshawar Local were trailed on various layout ways, i.e., Vertical on net trailing method and conventional on the ground trailing method. Results showed significant variations among different layout methods. Vertically on net trailing method took minimum (39) days to flower, while maximum fruit length (17.44 cm), vine length (4.32 m), fruit diameter (4.82 cm), fruit weight (67.25 g) yield plot (12.27 kg), fruit yield (13.63 t ha), and the net return in the cost-benefit ratio was (7.69) rupees. Kiran variety produced significantly more number of fruits vine (17.6), individual fruit weight (68.02 g), fruit length (19.18 cm), vine length (4.45 m), number of branches vine(10.03) while yield plot were (12.01 kg) and fruit yield (13.34 t ha). The interaction among the layout methods and varieties showed that less number (38) of days were taken to flowering by the Kiran variety, maximum vine length (4.46 m), number of branches vine (10.03), and fruit yield (15.51 t ha) when trained vertically on the net. From these findings, it is observed that the vertical trailing method on net and Kiran variety is prominent both in production and quality.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73798670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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