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Psychometric Support and Measurement Invariance of a Turkish Version of the Transformational Parenting Questionnaire 土耳其版变革型父母问卷的心理计量学支持和测量不变性
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241247860
Sinan Yıldırım, Serap Sarıkaya
Our primary objective in this study was to psychometrically evaluate the Transformational Parenting Questionnaire (TPQ) within the Turkish context. Secondarily, we aimed to determine whether the questionnaire demonstrated measurement invariance across children’s genders and grade levels. We included 950 participants, aged 11–18 years (446 girls, 498 boys, 6 unspecified gender identity; Mage = 14.73, SD = 1.85 years). Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the original 4-factor structure of the TPQ, and there was satisfactory criterion-related correlational validity between this instrument and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The TPQ exhibited robust internal item reliability coefficients, and respondent’s test-retest correlations over a 15-day interval suggested adequate item response consistency. Importantly, we confirmed measurement invariance of the scale across participants gender and educational grade levels. In summary, we found that the TPQ was a valid and reliable tool for assessing Turkish children’s perceptions of transformative parenting behaviors.
本研究的主要目的是在土耳其对变革型父母养育问卷(TPQ)进行心理评估。其次,我们还想确定该问卷在不同性别和年级的儿童中是否表现出测量不变性。我们共纳入了 950 名 11-18 岁的参与者(女孩 446 人,男孩 498 人,6 人性别身份不明;年龄 = 14.73 岁,SD = 1.85 岁)。确认性因子分析为 TPQ 最初的 4 因子结构提供了支持,该工具与生活满意度量表之间的标准相关效度令人满意。TPQ显示出稳健的内部项目信度系数,受访者在15天内的测试-再测试相关性表明项目反应具有足够的一致性。重要的是,我们证实了该量表在不同性别和不同年级的受测者之间具有测量不变性。总之,我们发现 TPQ 是一种有效且可靠的工具,可用于评估土耳其儿童对变革型养育行为的看法。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric Properties of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for Young Norwegian Children 挪威幼儿感知运动技能能力图形量表的心理计量特性
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241245175
Håvard Lorås, Ellen Beate Hansen Sandseter, Lise Storli, Rasmus Kleppe, Lisa Barnett, Ole Johan Sando
The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC) for young Norwegian children, a scale that is aligned with skills assessed in the Test of Gross Motor Development- Third Edition. We used convenience sampling to recruit 396 Norwegian-speaking children (7–10-year-olds) who completed the PMSC. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed factorial validity for the proposed three-factor model of the PMSC, encompassing measures of self-perceived ball, locomotor, and active play competence. Internal item consistency coefficients of these sub-scales were acceptable, and subsequent measurement invariant analysis found a gender difference such that boys rated their competence higher than girls in running, jumping forward, hitting a ball (racket), kicking, throwing a ball and rope climbing, while girls rated themselves higher, compared to boys, in galloping and skating/blading. Furthermore, there was a slightly better model fit for boys than for girls. Several items were significantly related to children’s age, and the three-factor model exhibited differential age related factor mean differences across older and younger children. Overall, we found the PMSC to have acceptable psychometric properties for confident use in assessing perceived motor competence among 7–10-year-old Norwegian children, though we observed age and gender differences in children’s responses that warrant careful interpretation of results and further research investigation.
本研究的目的是检验挪威幼儿感知运动技能能力图形量表(Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence,PMSC)的心理测量特性。我们采用方便取样的方法,招募了396名挪威语儿童(7-10岁),他们都完成了 "运动技能能力图示量表"。确认性因素分析(CFA)证实了所提出的PMSC三因素模型的因子有效性,该模型包括自我感觉球、运动和主动游戏能力的测量。这些子量表的内部项目一致性系数是可以接受的,随后的测量不变性分析发现了性别差异,即男孩在跑步、向前跳跃、击球(球拍)、踢球、扔球和爬绳方面的能力评价高于女孩,而女孩在奔跑和滑冰/滑板方面的能力评价高于男孩。此外,男孩的模型拟合度略高于女孩。有几个项目与儿童的年龄有明显的相关性,三因素模型在年龄较大和年龄较小的儿童中表现出不同的年龄相关因素均值差异。总体而言,我们发现 "运动能力知觉问卷 "具有可接受的心理测量特性,可用于评估7-10岁挪威儿童的运动能力知觉,但我们也观察到了儿童回答中存在的年龄和性别差异,这就需要对结果进行仔细的解释和进一步的研究调查。
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引用次数: 0
Acute Knee Crutch Use Provokes Changes to Postural Strategy 急性膝关节拐杖使用导致姿势策略改变
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241246390
Christian Maron, Aron Jendre, Daniel Goble, Charles Marks, Joshua Haworth
Single-leg knee crutches are a relatively new, hands-free mobility assistive device with benefits over standard axillary crutches. Our main goal in this study was to evaluate balance ability in a healthy population upon first exposure to the knee crutch device. We had 20 healthy individuals ( M age = 21.1; SD = 1.5 years ) complete baseline static and dynamic balance tests on a force plate, followed by knee crutch fitting, a self-selected duration of ambulation practice, and another round of balance testing while wearing the knee crutch. We used the BTrackS Balance Test (BBT) to measure static balance, and the BTrackS Limits of Stability (BLOS) test to measure dynamic balance, and we created a custom lateral bias score from the BLOS results. On average, participants self-selected 3.1 minutes of ambulation practice. Wearing the knee crutch caused a near doubling of static balance path length and a large reduction in percentile ranking on the BBT. Dynamic balance area was more than halved ( p < .001), with lateral bias scores during the BLOS, indicating that participants heavily favored their non-crutched leg ( p < .001). Our results indicate that static and dynamic balance were significantly altered when wearing the knee crutch, and participants seemed to switch to a single leg stance strategy. Despite these balance changes, participants were quickly ready and willing to complete independent ambulation and balance testing procedures using the single-leg knee crutch.
单腿膝关节拐杖是一种相对较新的免提式助行装置,与标准腋拐相比具有很多优点。本研究的主要目的是评估健康人群首次接触膝拐杖装置时的平衡能力。我们让 20 名健康人(中位年龄 = 21.1 岁;标准差 = 1.5 岁)在测力板上完成基线静态和动态平衡测试,然后安装膝关节拐杖,进行自选时间的行走练习,并在佩戴膝关节拐杖时进行另一轮平衡测试。我们使用 BTrackS 平衡测试(BBT)来测量静态平衡,使用 BTrackS 稳定极限(BLOS)测试来测量动态平衡,并根据 BLOS 的结果创建了自定义的侧向偏差评分。参与者平均自主选择了 3.1 分钟的行走练习。佩戴膝盖拐杖导致静态平衡路径长度增加了近一倍,BBT百分位数排名大幅下降。动态平衡面积减少了一半以上(p <.001),在BLOS中的侧向偏差得分表明,参与者严重偏向于非拐杖腿(p <.001)。我们的研究结果表明,在佩戴拐杖时,静态和动态平衡发生了显著变化,参与者似乎转而采用单腿站立策略。尽管出现了这些平衡变化,但参与者很快就做好了准备,并愿意使用单腿拐杖完成独立行走和平衡测试程序。
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引用次数: 0
The Development and Evaluation of the Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Pelvic Floor Muscle Contraction Questionnaire (KMI-PFQ) in Spanish Women 西班牙妇女盆底肌肉收缩运动想象问卷 (KMI-PFQ) 的开发与评估
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241246817
Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Roy La Touche, Gemma Barber-Llorens, Mario Romero-Palau, Laura Fuentes-Aparicio, Núria Sempere-Rubio
Practitioners have begun using motor imagery (MI) for preventing and treating some pelvic floor disorders. Due to requirements for imagining before performing a MI intervention and because there are few instruments available for assessing this specific ability in the pelvic floor musculature, we sought to develop and test a new MI questionnaire, the Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Pelvic Floor Muscle Contraction Questionnaire (KMI-PFQ). We focused in this study on the development and analysis of the instrument’s factorial structure and internal reliability in a participant sample of 162 healthy Spanish women ( M age = 20.1, SD = 2.2 years). We developed and evaluated the KMI-PFQ’s psychometric properties, finding it to have good internal consistency, with Cronbach’s α = .838, ω coefficient = .839, and an intraclass correlation coefficient = .809, with two factors (“ability” and “mental effort”) explaining 58.36% of response variance. The standard error of measurement was 3.58, and the minimal detectable change was 9.92. No floor or ceiling effects were identified. There was also good convergent validity as seen by statistically significant positive correlations between KMI-PFQ scores and the revised-Movement Image Questionnaire and Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire. There were no statistically significant correlations between KMI-PFQ scores and the Orientation to Life Questionnaire. The KMI-PFQ is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring kinesthetic ability to feel/imagine pelvic floor muscle contractions in healthy Spanish women.
医生们已经开始使用运动想象(MI)来预防和治疗一些盆底疾病。由于在进行 MI 干预之前需要进行想象,而且用于评估骨盆底肌肉这一特定能力的工具很少,因此我们试图开发并测试一种新的 MI 问卷,即骨盆底肌肉收缩运动想象问卷 (KMI-PFQ)。在这项研究中,我们主要针对 162 名健康的西班牙女性(中位年龄 = 20.1 岁,标准差 = 2.2 岁)样本,开发并分析了该问卷的因子结构和内部可靠性。我们开发并评估了 KMI-PFQ 的心理测量特性,发现它具有良好的内部一致性,Cronbach's α = .838,ω系数 = .839,类内相关系数 = .809,其中两个因子("能力 "和 "脑力")解释了 58.36% 的反应方差。测量的标准误差为 3.58,可检测到的最小变化为 9.92。没有发现下限或上限效应。KMI-PFQ 分数与修订版运动形象问卷和生动视觉形象问卷之间存在统计学意义上的显著正相关,因此具有良好的收敛效度。KMI-PFQ 分数与生活定向问卷之间没有统计学意义上的相关性。KMI-PFQ 是一种有效且可靠的工具,可用于测量健康西班牙女性感受/想象盆底肌肉收缩的动觉能力。
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引用次数: 0
An Examination of the Sport Commitment Model for Athletes With Physical Disabilities 研究身体残疾运动员的运动承诺模式
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241244471
Andy Wei-Ru Yao, Deborah R. Shapiro
Sport commitment describes a psychological attachment to a sport that influences one’s desire or resolve to continue involvement in it. Studying antecedents believed to influence long term commitment to sport among athletes with a disability will help ensure that participants gain those psychosocial and health outcomes from sport participation that benefit quality of life. Our purposes in this study were: (i) to examine the Sport Commitment Model (SCM) in terms of the magnitude of the contribution of antecedent factors (i.e., enjoyment, personal investment, involvement opportunities, social constraints, involvement alternatives) to sport commitment of athletes with disabilities; and (ii) to examine the model structure (i.e., original SCM, mediation, and direct/indirect model) that best reflects an understanding of the sport commitment antecedents for these athletes. A total of 157 adult athletes ( M age = 34.87, SD = 11.78) with physical disabilities from both team and individual sports across the United States, Europe, and Asia completed the Sport Commitment Questionnaire. Data analyses indicated that sport involvement opportunities, followed by personal investment, were the strongest predictors of these athletes’ sport commitments (R2 = .66). Based on the principle of parsimony, the original structural equation model (χ2 (215) = 384.95; RMSEA = .07; CFI = .95; SRMR = .06) was deemed better for understanding the mechanism of sport commitment than the mediation or direct/indirect models. We address implications of applying the SCM to athletes with disabilities, and we offer suggestions for future research.
体育承诺描述的是一种对体育运动的心理依恋,这种依恋会影响一个人继续参与体育运动的愿望或决心。研究被认为会影响残疾运动员长期参与体育运动的前因,将有助于确保参与者从参与体育运动中获得有益于生活质量的社会心理和健康结果。我们进行这项研究的目的是(i) 根据前因因素(即享受、个人投资、参与机会、社会限制、参与选择)对残疾运动员体育承诺的影响程度,研究体育承诺模型(SCM);以及 (ii) 研究最能反映对这些运动员体育承诺前因因素的理解的模型结构(即原始 SCM、中介模型和直接/间接模型)。来自美国、欧洲和亚洲的 157 名肢体残疾成年运动员(平均年龄 34.87 岁,平均年龄 11.78 岁)填写了运动承诺问卷。数据分析显示,运动参与机会是这些运动员运动承诺的最强预测因素,其次是个人投资(R2 = .66)。根据简化原则,原始结构方程模型(χ2 (215) = 384.95; RMSEA = .07; CFI = .95; SRMR = .06)被认为比中介模型或直接/间接模型更能理解体育承诺的机制。我们探讨了将 SCM 应用于残疾运动员的意义,并对未来的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric Support for a Brazilian Version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Teamwork in Sport (MATS-B). 巴西版体育团队合作多维评估(MATS-B)的心理计量学支持。
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231222386
Mayara Juliana Paes, Daniel Perez Arthur, Thais do Amaral Machado, Gabriel Jungles Fernandes, Desmond McEwan, Joice Mara Facco Stefanello

In this study, we investigated psychometric support for a version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Teamwork in Sport (MATS) that would be suitable for Brazilian athletes. Four translators participated in the back-translation of this instrument from English to Portuguese, two specialists synthesized the Portuguese and English back-translation versions, and 10 experts assessed the questionnaire items and judged their content validity. To evaluate structural validity, we performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We evaluated internal item reliability with a sample of 447 athletes who completed the adapted measure (the MATS-B). Finally, 202 other athletes completed both the MATS-B and a second measure of collective efficacy (CEQS-B) to provide external validity correlates. With these data, the MATS-B now provides valid and reliable data supporting its use with Brazilian athletes in an adapted assessment tool that aligns with the conceptual framework of teamwork in sports.

在这项研究中,我们调查了适合巴西运动员的体育团队合作多维评估(MATS)版本的心理测量学支持。四名翻译参与了该工具从英语到葡萄牙语的回译工作,两名专家对葡萄牙语和英语的回译版本进行了合成,10 名专家对问卷项目进行了评估,并判断了其内容效度。为了评估结构效度,我们进行了确证因子分析(CFA)。我们对 447 名完成改编测量(MATS-B)的运动员样本进行了内部项目信度评估。最后,202 名其他运动员同时完成了 MATS-B 和第二项集体效能测量(CEQS-B),以提供外部效度相关性。有了这些数据,MATS-B 现在可以提供有效、可靠的数据,支持将其用于巴西运动员的适应性评估工具,并与体育运动中团队合作的概念框架保持一致。
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引用次数: 0
Acute Effect of Kinesiology Taping on Muscle Activation, Functionality and Proprioception in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 肌力绑带对膝关节骨性关节炎患者肌肉激活、功能和运动感觉的急性影响:随机对照试验
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231222816
Aylin Ataş, Ayşe Abit Kocaman, Şahika Burcu Karaca, Merve Kasikci Çavdar

Data on the mechanism of kinesiology taping (KT) for providing mechanical support, facilitating or inhibiting muscles, and increasing functionality in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) have been contradictory, with no study evaluating acute muscle activation. Our aim in this study was to determine the acute effect of KT applied to the rectus femoris muscle on this muscle's activation, functionality and proprioception in patients with knee osteoarthritis. We divided 40 individuals diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis into two groups: (a) KT group (taping with tension facilitation) and (b) a placebo group (taping with no tension facilitation). We applied taping to the participants' left and right side rectus femoris muscles for 30 minutes, but with muscle facilitation in the KT group and without tension in the placebo group. We assessed participants for muscle activation with surface electromyography (sEMG), for functionality with the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and for proprioception/joint sense with the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (5TSTS) before and after taping. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the groups before these interventions were similar (p > .05). Muscle activation did not change significantly in either group compared to before taping (p > .05), but there were improvements in both knees for proprioception/joint sense (p < .05). Both groups were similar in terms of functionality (5TSTS, TUG) results (p > .05). We concluded that KT applied bilaterally to the rectus femoris did not affect rectus femoris muscle activation and functionality in patients with knee OA, but it did improve proprioception.

运动绑带(KT)在治疗膝关节骨性关节炎(OA)过程中提供机械支撑、促进或抑制肌肉运动、增强功能的作用机理的相关数据相互矛盾,没有研究对急性肌肉激活进行评估。本研究旨在确定对膝关节骨性关节炎患者的股直肌施加 KT 对该肌肉的激活、功能和本体感觉的急性影响。我们将 40 名膝关节骨关节炎患者分为两组:(a) KT 组(有张力促进作用的绑带)和 (b) 安慰剂组(无张力促进作用的绑带)。我们对参与者的左右侧股直肌进行了 30 分钟的绑扎,但 KT 组的绑扎具有肌肉促进作用,而安慰剂组的绑扎则无促进作用。我们用表面肌电图(sEMG)评估了参与者的肌肉激活情况,用定时起立测试(TUG)评估了参与者的功能,并在绑带前后用五次坐立测试(5TSTS)评估了参与者的本体感觉/关节感觉。干预前两组的人口统计学和临床特征相似(P > .05)。与绑带前相比,两组的肌肉激活度均无明显变化(P > .05),但两组膝关节的本体感觉/关节感觉均有所改善(P < .05)。两组的功能(5TSTS、TUG)结果相似(P > .05)。我们的结论是,双侧股直肌的 KT 不会影响膝关节 OA 患者的股直肌激活和功能,但却能改善本体感觉。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Cervical Mobilization on Balance and Gait Parameters in Individuals With Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 颈椎活动对脑卒中患者平衡和步态参数的影响:随机对照试验
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231226039
Aziz Dengiz, Emre Baskan

Stroke is a significant health problem that may result in long-term functional deficits. Balance and walking problems are among the most common post-stroke deficits, and they may negatively affect quality of life. Our aim in this study was to investigate the effects of cervical mobilization on balance and gait parameters after stroke. Participants were 24 adults (aged 30-65 years), who scored 24 or above on the Standardized Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and no more than 3 on the Modified Rankin scale. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental Bobath therapy and cervical mobilization group (n = 12) or a control group who received Bobath therapy and a sham application (n = 12). Both groups received 60 minutes of Bobath therapy three times a week for four weeks; additionally, the experimental group received 15 minutes of cervical mobilization in each session, while the control group received 15 minutes of spinal sham mobilization each session. Pre and post treatment, we assessed all participants' demographic characteristics, gait parameters, balance parameters, and forward head posture values using a clinical data assessment form, spatiotemporal gait analysis (LEGSystm), portable computerized kinesthetic balance device (SportKAT 550), and craniovertebral angle (CVA), respectively. The groups showed no significant differences in their initial demographic and clinical characteristics (age, sex, stroke duration and disability levels.). In comparing changes on variables of interest, we observed significant experimental versus control group improvements in balance parameters except for their left side balance score (right side, left side, forward, backward and total balance scores were significant at p = .003, p = .089, p < .001, p = .022, p < .001, respectively), gait parameters (stride number, stride length, stride time, stride velocity, cadance at p = .007, p = .019, p = .013, p = .005, p = .001, respectively) and CVA (p < .001). Also, there were findings in favor of the experimental group on the modified timed up and go test on walk out, mid turn, walk back and total times (p = .028, p = .001, p = .016, and p = .001, respectively),but not for sit-to-stand time or stand-to-sit time. Clinicians involved in stroke rehabilitation should assess and treat the cervical region to enhance rehabilitation effectiveness.

中风是一种严重的健康问题,可能导致长期的功能障碍。平衡和行走问题是中风后最常见的功能障碍之一,可能会对生活质量产生负面影响。本研究旨在探讨颈椎活动对中风后平衡和步态参数的影响。研究对象为 24 名成年人(30-65 岁),他们在标准化小型精神状态检查(MMSE)中的得分均在 24 分或以上,在修正的兰金量表中的得分不超过 3 分。参试者被随机分配到博巴思疗法和颈椎活动实验组(12 人)或接受博巴思疗法和假应用的对照组(12 人)。两组均接受为期四周、每周三次、每次 60 分钟的博巴思疗法;此外,实验组每次接受 15 分钟的颈椎活动,而对照组每次接受 15 分钟的脊柱假性活动。治疗前和治疗后,我们分别使用临床数据评估表、时空步态分析仪(LEGSystm)、便携式电脑动觉平衡装置(SportKAT 550)和颅椎角(CVA)评估了所有参与者的人口统计学特征、步态参数、平衡参数和前头姿势值。两组患者的初始人口统计学特征和临床特征(年龄、性别、中风持续时间和残疾程度)无明显差异。在比较相关变量的变化时,我们观察到实验组与对照组相比,除左侧平衡得分外,其他平衡参数均有显著改善(右侧、左侧、前进、后退和总平衡得分的显著性分别为 p = .003、p = .089、p < .001、p = .022、p < .001)、步态参数(步数、步长、步幅、步速、步频分别为 p = .007、p = .019、p = .013、p = .005、p = .001)和 CVA(p < .001)。此外,在改良的定时起立行走测试中,实验组在走出去、中途转身、走回来和总时间上的结果也对实验组有利(分别为 p = .028、p = .001、p = .016 和 p = .001),但在坐到站的时间或站到坐的时间上对实验组不利。参与中风康复的临床医生应该对颈椎区域进行评估和治疗,以提高康复效果。
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引用次数: 0
Self-Reported Mood and Lifestyle-Related Physical Activity of Young Adults With Major Depressive Disorder. 患有重度抑郁症的年轻人自我描述的情绪和与生活方式相关的体育活动。
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241226997
Vagner Deuel de O Tavares, Geovan Menezes de Sousa, Felipe B Schuch, Stephany Campanelli, Jacob Meyer, Raissa Nóbrega de Almeida, Pedro Moraes Dutra Agrícola, Leonardo Alves, Maria Luiza Gurgel, Kaike Thiê da Costa Gonçalves, Scott Patten, Jerome Sarris, Walter Barbalho, Emerson Nunes Arcoverde, Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho

We investigated whether mood and lifestyle-related indicators of physical health are differentially expressed according to self-reported levels of depressive symptoms among young adults with a current episode of major depression. In a cross-sectional study, we recruited 94 young adults (females = 67, 71.3%; males = 27, 28.7%; aged 18-35 years) with a current episode of major depression. We assessed their mood with the Profile of Mood States (POMS), and Beck Anxiety Inventory-(BAI), sleep with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), physical activity with the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ), and their cardiorespiratory fitness. Participants' depression levels were classified as follows using established cut-points: (a) Mild Depressive Symptoms (MIDS, BDI-II 14-19 points, n = 17), (b) Moderate Depressive Symptoms (MODS, BDI-II 20-28 points, n = 37) or (c) Severe Depressive Symptoms (SEDS, BDI-II 29-63 points, n = 40). As expected, we found that young adults with SEDS, when compared to those with MODS and MIDS, showed higher depressive mood on the POMS, and they exhibited greater anxiety symptoms, lower reported 'vigor' on physical activity measures, worse sleep quality as expressed by their global score sleep; daytime dysfunction; and sleep disturbance, and they showed lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Those with moderate depressive symptoms only differed from those with mild symptoms with respect to hostility, fatigue and mood disturbance. Although there was a gradient whereby worse mental and physical health indicators were more closely related to the SEDS depression categorization, while healthier indicators were associated with the MIDS category, some parameters were not different between the MDD severity groups, particularly when comparing MIDS and MODS. Clinicians treating patients with MDD should consider these factors when designing lifestyle-based interventions.

我们研究了情绪和与生活方式相关的身体健康指标是否会根据重度抑郁症患者自我报告的抑郁症状水平而有所不同。在一项横断面研究中,我们招募了 94 名目前患有重度抑郁症的年轻人(女性 67 人,占 71.3%;男性 27 人,占 28.7%;年龄 18-35 岁)。我们用情绪状态档案(POMS)和贝克焦虑量表(BAI)评估了他们的情绪,用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评估了他们的睡眠,用简单体力活动问卷(SIMPAQ)评估了他们的体力活动,还评估了他们的心肺功能。参与者的抑郁程度按既定的切点划分如下:(a)轻度抑郁症状(MIDS,BDI-II 14-19 分,n = 17),(b)中度抑郁症状(MODS,BDI-II 20-28 分,n = 37)或(c)重度抑郁症状(SEDS,BDI-II 29-63 分,n = 40)。不出所料,我们发现,与中度抑郁症和轻度抑郁症患者相比,重度抑郁症患者在 POMS 中表现出更高的抑郁情绪,他们表现出更严重的焦虑症状,在体力活动测量中报告的 "活力 "较低,睡眠质量较差,表现为总体睡眠评分、日间功能障碍和睡眠障碍,他们的心肺功能也较差。中度抑郁症状的人与轻度抑郁症状的人在敌意、疲劳和情绪障碍方面只有区别。虽然存在一个梯度,即较差的精神和身体健康指标与 SEDS 抑郁症分类更密切相关,而较健康的指标则与 MIDS 分类相关,但某些参数在 MDD 严重程度组别之间并无差异,尤其是在比较 MIDS 和 MODS 时。治疗 MDD 患者的临床医生在设计基于生活方式的干预措施时应考虑这些因素。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of the Visual Illusion on Stepping-Over Action and Its Association with Gaze Behavior. 视错觉对跨步动作的影响及其与注视行为的关联
IF 1.6 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-28 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241230194
Ryota Sakurai, Kentaro Kodama, Yu Ozawa, Kimi Estela Kobayashi-Cuya

An adequate foot clearance height while stepping over an obstacle is important for safety in daily life. In the present study, we examined whether visual illusions affect foot clearance during a stepping-over action, and whether this is further influenced by gaze behavior. Twelve participants stepped over an obstacle placed four meters away under conditions of three different obstacle characteristics: white, horizontal, or vertical lines. We measured the participants' foot clearances during the step-over action and their gaze behavior during the approaching phase. Participants stepped significantly higher over the obstacles in the vertical lines (illusion) condition. The duration of gaze fixation on the obstacle positively correlated with increased foot clearance in the vertical condition, suggesting that the effect of the visual illusion on foot clearance was enhanced by prolonged gaze fixation. Conversely, prolonged fixation negatively correlated with foot clearance in the white (control) condition, implying that a cautious perception of an obstacle may contribute to efficient stepping-over action.

在跨过障碍物时,足够的脚部间隙高度对于日常生活中的安全非常重要。在本研究中,我们考察了视觉错觉是否会影响跨过障碍物时的脚部间隙,以及这种影响是否会受到注视行为的进一步影响。12 名参与者在白色、水平或垂直线三种不同障碍物特征的条件下跨过了 4 米外的障碍物。我们测量了参与者在跨过障碍物时的脚步间距,以及他们在接近障碍物阶段的注视行为。在垂直线(错觉)条件下,参与者跨过障碍物的距离明显更高。在垂直条件下,凝视障碍物的持续时间与脚部间隙的增加呈正相关,这表明视觉错觉对脚部间隙的影响会因凝视时间的延长而增强。相反,在白色(对照组)条件下,长时间凝视障碍物与脚部间隙呈负相关,这意味着对障碍物的谨慎感知可能有助于有效地跨过障碍物。
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Perceptual and Motor Skills
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