Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences最新文献

An innovative concept of metabarrier is presented for seismic Rayleigh wave attenuation, which consists of a periodic array of cylindrical water tanks acting as resonant units above the soil surface. A pertinent theoretical framework is developed and implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics. The framework treats the dynamics of the water tank by a well-established three-dimensional linear, pressure-based model for fluid-structure interaction under earthquake excitation, accounting for the flexibility of the tank wall; furthermore, the soil is idealized as a homogeneous and isotropic medium. Floquet-Bloch dispersion analysis of the unit cell demonstrates the presence of relevant band gaps in the low-frequency range below 20 Hz and in the higher frequency range as well. The dispersion analysis is validated by comparison with the frequency-domain analysis of a soil domain with a finite array of water tanks. The band gaps are of interest to attenuate seismic Rayleigh waves and, more generally, Rayleigh waves caused by other ground vibration sources such as road or railway traffic. The water-tank resonant units are readily tunable by varying the water level, which allows changing opening frequencies/widths of the wave attenuation zones. This is a remarkable advantage over alternative seismic metamaterials that, in general, are not designed to be tunable.This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

The concept of metamaterial recently emerged as a new frontier of scientific research, encompassing physics, materials science and engineering. In a broad sense, a metamaterial indicates an engineered material with exotic properties not found in nature, obtained by appropriate architecture either at macro-scale or at micro-/nano-scales. The architecture of metamaterials can be tailored to open unforeseen opportunities for mechanical and acoustic applications, as demonstrated by an impressive and increasing number of studies. Building on this knowledge, this theme issue aims to gather cutting-edge theoretical, computational and experimental studies on elastic and acoustic metamaterials, with the purpose of offering a wide perspective on recent achievements and future challenges.This article is part of the theme issue, 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

Locally resonant metamaterials (LRMs) have recently emerged in the search for lightweight noise and vibration solutions. These materials have the ability to create stop bands, which arise from the sub-wavelength addition of identical resonators to a host structure and result in strong vibration attenuation. However, their manufacturing inevitably introduces variability such that the system as-manufactured often deviates significantly from the original as-designed. This can reduce attenuation performance, but may also broaden the attenuation band. This work focuses on the impact of variability within tolerance ranges in resonator properties on the vibration attenuation in metamaterial beams. Following a qualitative pre-study, two non-intrusive uncertainty propagation approaches are applied to find the upper and lower bounds of three performance metrics, by evaluating deterministic metamaterial models with uncertain parameters defined as interval variables. A global search approach is used and compared with a machine learning (ML)-based uncertainty propagation approach which significantly reduces the required number of simulations. Variability in resonator stiffnesses and masses is found to have the highest impact. Variability in the resonator positions only has a comparable impact for less deep sub-wavelength designs. The broadening potential of varying resonator properties is exploited in broadband optimization and the robustness of the optimized metamaterial is assessed.This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

The introduction of metamaterials has provided new possibilities to manipulate the propagation of waves in different fields of physics, ranging from electromagnetism to acoustics. However, despite the variety of configurations proposed so far, most solutions lack dynamic tunability, i.e. their functionality cannot be altered post-fabrication. Our work overcomes this limitation by employing a photo-responsive polymer to fabricate a simple metamaterial structure and enable tuning of its elastic properties using visible light. The structure of the metamaterial consists of graded resonators in the form of an array of pillars, each giving rise to different resonances and transmission band gaps. Selective laser illumination can then tune the resonances and their frequencies individually or collectively, thus yielding many degrees of freedom in the tunability of the filtered or transmitted wave frequencies, similar to playing a keyboard, where illuminating each pillar corresponds to playing a different note. This concept can be used to realize low-power active devices for elastic wave control, including beam splitters, switches and filters.This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

A reduced-order homogenization framework is proposed, providing a macro-scale-enriched continuum model for locally resonant acoustic metamaterials operating in the subwavelength regime, for both time and frequency domain analyses. The homogenized continuum has a non-standard constitutive model, capturing a metamaterial behaviour such as negative effective bulk modulus, negative effective density and Willis coupling. A suitable reduced space is constructed based on the unit cell response in a steady-state regime and the local resonance regime. A frequency domain numerical example demonstrates the efficiency and suitability of the proposed framework.This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

This paper presents a study of the perpendicular gyroscope, which is formed of two orthogonal beams, a flexural plate and a gyroscope. Two sets of chiral-torsional boundary conditions are derived to analytically model the dynamic effects of the gyroscope while taking into account the broken symmetries of the system. The perpendicular junction causes the coupling of the compressional, flexural and torsional displacements in the system. This complex behaviour is accounted for with a comprehensive set of kinematic and dynamic junction conditions. Modal analysis demonstrates the fully coupled system and reveals how the spinning gyroscope induces dynamic chiral Chladni patterns in the plate.This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

The geometric phase provides important mathematical insights to understand the fundamental nature and evolution of the dynamic response in a wide spectrum of systems ranging from quantum to classical mechanics. While the concept of geometric phase, which is an additional phase factor occurring in dynamical systems, holds the same meaning across different fields of application, its use and interpretation can acquire important nuances specific to the system of interest. In recent years, the development of quantum topological materials and its extension to classical mechanical systems have renewed the interest in the concept of geometric phase. This review revisits the concept of geometric phase and discusses, by means of either established or original results, its critical role in the design and dynamic behaviour of elastic waveguides. Concepts of differential geometry and topology are put forward to provide a theoretical understanding of the geometric phase and its connection to the physical properties of the system. Then, the concept of geometric phase is applied to different types of elastic waveguides to explain how either topologically trivial or non-trivial behaviour can emerge based on the geometric features of the waveguide. This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

Recently, non-local configurations have been proposed by adding beyond nearest neighbour couplings among elements in lattices to obtain roton-like dispersion relations and phase and group velocities with opposite signs. Even though the introduction of non-local elastic links in metamaterials has unlocked unprecedented possibilities, literature models and prototypes seem neither to provide criteria to compare local and non-local lattices nor to discuss any related rules governing the transition between the two configurations. A physically reasonable principle that monoatomic one-dimensional chains must obey to pass from single- to multi-connected systems is here proposed through a mass conservation law for elastic springs thereby introducing a suitable real dimensionless parameter [Formula: see text] to tune stiffness distribution. Therefore, the dispersion relations as a function of [Formula: see text] and of the degree of non-locality [Formula: see text] are derived analytically, demonstrating that the proposed principle can be rather interpreted as a general mechanical consistency condition to preserve proper dynamics, involving the spring-to-bead mass ratio. Finally, after discussing qualitative results and deriving some useful inequalities, numerical simulations and two-dimensional FFTs are performed for some paradigmatic examples to highlight key dynamics features exhibited by chains with finite length as the parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] vary.This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

This paper presents a study of wave propagation through an infinite periodic structure that consists of elastic Timoshenko beams interconnected with rigid bodies. This is a generalized approach in which the beams are not coaxial and the centre of mass of each rigid body is placed away from the intersection of their neutral axes. An analytical approach is used by applying the transfer matrix method (TMM), along with the Floquet-Bloch theorem for elastic wave propagation. Subsequent parametric analysis is performed with visualization of resulting band diagrams of a representative structure. These results are verified through comparison with solutions obtained using the finite-element method (FEM). In this manner, a comprehensive dynamical analysis of tailored metastructures is provided.This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

Structural lattices with quasi-periodic patterns possess interesting dynamic features that can be exploited to control, localize and redirect propagating waves. In this work, we show that the properties of a large class of quasi-periodic locally resonant systems (approximated as periodic, with arbitrarily large period) can be performed by defining an equivalent discrete system. Several properties of wave propagation can a priori be demonstrated with reference to this system. Results in terms of bulk spectrum, showing the Hofstadter butterfly pattern, and of topological modes are then discussed in detail with reference to a simple example of quasi-periodic lattice. This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.