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2023 6th International Symposium on Autonomous Systems (ISAS)最新文献

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The Optical Flow Estimation Method Based on the Attention Feature Enhancement Module 基于注意力特征增强模块的光流估计方法
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164590
Bingchao Zhao, Cong Peng
Optical flow estimation is one of the classic tasks in the field of vision. It calculates the motion of the target based on two continuous images. In most of the past work, the estimated optical flow often has errors in scenes of large motion or noise interference because the convolutional neural network structure often focuses on local features. To overcome the problems mentioned above, we propose a feature enhancement module that is based on the self-attention mechanism to enhance the dependencies of long-range features. Additionally, It can filter part of the noise, such as the interference of illumination in the input image. We evaluate our approach on standard benchmarks to verify motion estimation ability. To compare different results intuitively, we visualize flow fields for qualitative analysis. Eventually, we use the heat map to visualize the output of the attention layer to explore the mechanism of the attention algorithm.
光流估计是视觉领域的经典任务之一。它基于两个连续图像计算目标的运动。在过去的大多数工作中,由于卷积神经网络结构往往关注局部特征,在大运动或噪声干扰的场景下,估计的光流往往存在误差。为了克服上述问题,我们提出了一种基于自关注机制的特征增强模块来增强远程特征的依赖性。此外,它还可以滤除输入图像中的部分噪声,如照明的干扰。我们在标准基准测试中评估了我们的方法,以验证运动估计能力。为了直观地比较不同的结果,我们将流场可视化以进行定性分析。最后,我们使用热图将注意力层的输出可视化,以探索注意力算法的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic Locomotion of Quadruped Robot in Sloping Terrain 倾斜地形下四足机器人的动态运动
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164446
Donglin Chen, Dehong Cong, Xiangman Song
In order to improve the locomotion capability of quadruped robot in the sloping terrain and enhance whose adaptability to the environment, this paper proposes a method to realize dynamic locomotion of quadruped robot in sloping terrain completely based on model predictive control (MPC) and proprioception. According to the foot contact signal and the robot body posture information measured by inertial measurement unit (IMU), quadruped robot actively changes whose body posture to adapt to different sloping terrains. This paper builds quadruped robot virtual prototype and test terrain in Webots simulation environment. The experimental results show that with this method, the roll angle fluctuation range of the quadruped robot is less than 0.05rad and the yaw angle fluctuation range is not more than 0.003rad. At the same time, when the angle of slope changes, the terrain adaptation time of the quadruped robot is less than 1.8s. The above results show that quadruped robot has excellent movement ability in sloping terrain and environmental adaptability under the condition of ensuring stability with the method proposed in this paper.
为了提高四足机器人在倾斜地形中的运动能力,增强四足机器人对环境的适应性,本文提出了一种完全基于模型预测控制(MPC)和本体感觉的四足机器人在倾斜地形中的动态运动实现方法。四足机器人根据足部接触信号和惯性测量单元(IMU)测量的机器人身体姿态信息,主动改变身体姿态以适应不同的斜坡地形。本文在Webots仿真环境中构建了四足机器人虚拟样机和测试地形。实验结果表明,采用该方法,四足机器人的横摇角波动范围小于0.05rad,偏航角波动范围不大于0.003rad。同时,当坡度角度发生变化时,四足机器人的地形适应时间小于1.8s。以上结果表明,采用本文提出的方法,四足机器人在保证稳定性的条件下,具有良好的斜坡地形运动能力和环境适应性。
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引用次数: 0
A Thruster Configuration Method for Spacecraft Six-Dimensional Control 航天器六维控制中的推力器配置方法
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164488
Min Wang, Yongchun Xie, Yan Su
The configuration of spacecraft thrusters directly affects the realization of precise automatic control and propellant consumption. At present, the design of thruster configuration lacks of theoretical guidance. Spacecraft carrying out complex space missions such as rendezvous and docking are often equipped with too many thrusters. This paper proposed a theoretical design method of thruster configuration for six-dimensional position and attitude control missions. Firstly, the mathematical description of thruster configuration is introduced. Then, a general design method of thruster configuration for six-dimensional control task is proposed. Finally, simulation of relative position and attitude control of rendezvous and docking task is taken as an example to verify the correctness and validity of the above method.
航天器推进器的结构直接影响到精确自动控制的实现和推进剂的消耗。目前,推进器结构设计缺乏理论指导。执行交会对接等复杂空间任务的航天器往往配备过多的推进器。提出了一种六维位置姿态控制任务中推进器结构的理论设计方法。首先,介绍了推进器结构的数学描述。在此基础上,提出了针对六维控制任务的推力器构型的一般设计方法。最后,以交会对接任务相对位置和姿态控制仿真为例,验证了上述方法的正确性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A Robust Finite-Time Control Method for Two-Joint Flexible Manipulator 两关节柔性机械臂的鲁棒有限时间控制方法
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164572
Yijiang Wu, Jia You, Zhicong Dong, Huibin Zhou, Mengxin Shi
There are some problems with the double-joint flexible robotic manipulator itself, and the classic PID control method has the defect of slow convergence rate. Therefore, in order to deal with the defect of slow convergence rate of classical PID control methods in the control problem of dual-joint flexible manipulators, a robust finite-time control method is proposed. A two-stage finite-time sliding mode surface with fast convergence characteristics is designed, which the manipulator moves at a uniform speed when the system state is far from the equilibrium point, and the fractional-order feedback is designed to achieve finite-time control when the system state is approaching the equilibrium point, thereby maintaining a fast convergence rate of the system during the full control process. Aiming at the disturbance problems such as flexible vibration, external disturbance, and model uncertainty in the control process, an improved sign function term is designed to suppress them and avoid high-frequency oscillations near the equilibrium point, and a robust controller is further designed to achieve the convergence of the system state under disturbance conditions. The proposed method is verified by Lyapunov stability theory, numerical simulation and physical simulation, and the experimental results show that the proposed robust finite-time control method improves the convergence rate by more than 50% compared with the classical PID method, and achieves fast, stable and precise control objectives.
双关节柔性机械臂本身存在一些问题,经典的PID控制方法存在收敛速度慢的缺陷。因此,针对经典PID控制方法在双关节柔性机械臂控制问题中收敛速度慢的缺陷,提出了一种鲁棒有限时间控制方法。设计了一种具有快速收敛特性的两级有限时间滑模曲面,使机械手在系统状态远离平衡点时匀速运动,设计了分数阶反馈,在系统状态接近平衡点时实现有限时间控制,从而在全控制过程中保持了系统的快速收敛速度。针对控制过程中存在的柔性振动、外部干扰、模型不确定性等干扰问题,设计了改进的符号函数项来抑制这些干扰,避免平衡点附近的高频振荡,并进一步设计了鲁棒控制器来实现扰动条件下系统状态的收敛。通过Lyapunov稳定性理论、数值仿真和物理仿真对所提方法进行了验证,实验结果表明,所提鲁棒有限时间控制方法较经典PID方法收敛速度提高50%以上,实现了快速、稳定、精确的控制目标。
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引用次数: 0
Nabla fractional distributed optimization algorithm with directed communication topology Nabla分数分布优化算法与定向通信拓扑
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164582
Xiaolin Hong, Yikun Zeng, Shuaiyu Zhou, Yiheng Wei
This paper proposes a fractional order distributed optimization algorithm for balanced directed graphs by introducing nabla fractional calculus. The proposed algorithm is shown to converge at the rate of Mittag-Leffler to the exact solution of the distributed optimization problem on balanced connected digraph topological network structure with strong convex and smooth objective function. A numerical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm and demonstrate the potential of fractional calculus in addressing distributed optimization problems.
通过引入nabla分数阶微积分,提出了平衡有向图的分数阶分布优化算法。该算法能以Mittag-Leffler的速度收敛于具有强凸和光滑目标函数的平衡连通有向图拓扑网络结构的精确解。通过数值算例验证了该算法的有效性,并展示了分数阶微积分在求解分布式优化问题中的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A New Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Robot Path Planning Algorithm without Target Network 一种新的基于深度强化学习的无目标网络机器人路径规划算法
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164323
Yanan Cao, Dongbin Zhao, Xiang Cao
Intelligent agent navigation has broad application scenarios, one of the hot research directions in this field is agent dynamic path planning. For the target network in deep reinforcement learning to gradually deviate from online reinforcement learning, a new softmax operator is applied to replace the max operator in the original network after deleting the target network. New prioritized experience replay is applied to enhance the experience utilization of the agent and dueling network is employed to improve the perceptions of the environment in the path planning process. A modified dynamic ϵ-greedy algorithm is then developed to select actions. The experimental results in the simulation environment show that even after deleting the target network, the algorithm in this paper can still converge to a higher value within limited episodes, which proves its effectiveness.
智能agent导航具有广泛的应用场景,智能agent动态路径规划是该领域的研究热点之一。为了使深度强化学习中的目标网络逐渐偏离在线强化学习,在删除目标网络后,使用新的softmax算子代替原网络中的max算子。在路径规划过程中,采用新的优先级经验重播来提高智能体的经验利用率,并采用决斗网络来提高对环境的感知。然后开发了一个改进的动态ϵ-greedy算法来选择动作。仿真环境下的实验结果表明,即使在删除目标网络后,本文算法仍能在有限的集数内收敛到较高的值,证明了其有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Globally Exponential Regulation of Hypersonic Vehicle with Strong Nonlinearies 高超声速飞行器强非线性全局指数调节
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164548
Shaohua Yang, Xia Li, Z. Liu, Yanjun Zhang
This paper considers a regulation problem for a longitudinal dynamical model of hypersonic vehicles with strong nonlinearies. The problem is reduced to a stabilization problem by shifting the desired equilibrium position to the origin. By means of a control input domination idea and suitable coordinate transformations, the longitudinal dynamics of hypersonic vehicles with engine throttle setting dynamics are divided into a flight-path angle controlled subsystem and a velocity controlled subsystem. A new nonlinear state-feedback control scheme is proposed using a parameter separation technique for dealing with strong nonlinearies and a backstepping approach for designing virtual and actual controllers. The proposed controller ensures the closed-loop signals global boundedness and achieves exponential regulation throughout the vehicle’s operational envelope. Simulation results show the desired control system performance for the hypersonic vehicle models with strong nonlinearies.
研究了一类具有强非线性的高超声速飞行器纵向动力学模型的调节问题。通过将期望的平衡位置移到原点,将问题简化为稳定问题。通过控制输入控制思想和适当的坐标变换,将具有发动机节气门调定动力学的高超声速飞行器纵向动力学分为航迹角控制子系统和速度控制子系统。提出了一种新的非线性状态反馈控制方案,采用参数分离技术处理强非线性问题,采用逆推法设计虚控制器和实控制器。该控制器保证了闭环信号的全局有界性,并实现了整个车辆运行包络的指数调节。仿真结果表明,对于具有强非线性的高超声速飞行器模型,控制系统具有理想的性能。
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引用次数: 0
A Survey on Modeling and Control Methods For Flexible Systems 柔性系统建模与控制方法综述
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164342
Hejia Gao, Zele Yu, Juqi Hu
In recent years, flexible systems that effectively combine the properties of flexibility and adaptability of flexible materials have become increasingly popular in various fields such as aerospace, robotics, industrial production, and civil engineering. Due to their lightweight, low energy consumption, high flexibility, and good initial conditions, these systems are now employed in a wide range of applications, such as flexible multi-linked manipulator systems, flexible bionic fluttering aircraft, intelligent flexible building systems, and flexible intelligent structural systems. However, there are still unresolved issues related to the dynamics modeling and control methods in the field of flexible systems. These include the trajectory tracking of flexible manipulators, the dynamics modeling and intelligent control of flexible flapping aircraft, and the vibration control of high-rise building structures in complex environments. This article aims to summarize and analyze the modeling methods and intelligent control strategies of flexible systems. Firstly, we categorize flexible system modeling methods into two types: those based on ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. Secondly, we classify intelligent control strategies into two categories: classical control methods and intelligent control methods. We then discuss the strengths, weaknesses, and application scenarios of these different methods. Finally, we raise several questions regarding the current research status of modeling and intelligent control of flexible systems, and provide potential future research directions.
近年来,将柔性材料的柔韧性和适应性特性有效结合起来的柔性系统在航空航天、机器人、工业生产、土木工程等各个领域得到越来越广泛的应用。由于这些系统具有轻量化、低能耗、高柔性、初始条件好等优点,目前在柔性多连杆机械臂系统、柔性仿生颤振飞行器、智能柔性建筑系统、柔性智能结构系统等领域得到了广泛的应用。然而,在柔性系统动力学建模和控制方法方面,还存在一些尚未解决的问题。其中包括柔性机械臂的轨迹跟踪、柔性扑翼飞行器的动力学建模与智能控制、复杂环境下高层建筑结构的振动控制等。本文旨在总结和分析柔性系统的建模方法和智能控制策略。首先,将柔性系统建模方法分为两类:基于常微分方程的建模方法和基于偏微分方程的建模方法。其次,将智能控制策略分为两类:经典控制方法和智能控制方法。然后,我们讨论了这些不同方法的优点、缺点和应用场景。最后,针对柔性系统建模与智能控制的研究现状提出了若干问题,并提出了未来可能的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
A Bearing Remaining Useful Life Prediction Method based on Residual Convolutional Network and LSTM 基于残差卷积网络和LSTM的轴承剩余使用寿命预测方法
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164538
Jiangnan Zhou, Yajie Ma, Bin Jiang, N. Lu, H. Zhang, Yang Liu
Rolling bearing is an important component for equipments, and failure caused by bearings may cause heavy casualties and realistic losses. Therefore, remaining useful life prediction for bearings has important practical significance. The degraded vibration signals is taken as the research object, and the end-to-end life prediction under different working conditions is taken as application background. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of remaining useful life, the prediction method based on residual convolutional network and long short-term memory is proposed. This method makes training of deeper convolutional network more effective by introducing skip connections in the network to construct different residual unit modules. It can avoid the disappearance of gradient or the degradation of network caused by too many layers, and effectively extract deep-level features of data. In view of time series features representation for degradation process, the deep long short-term memory network is used to construct the trend features of bearing degradation signal. Finally, simulation results indicate the superiority in life prediction.
滚动轴承是设备的重要部件,由轴承引起的故障可能会造成重大人员伤亡和现实损失。因此,轴承剩余使用寿命预测具有重要的现实意义。以退化振动信号为研究对象,以不同工况下的端到端寿命预测为应用背景。为了提高剩余使用寿命的预测精度,提出了基于残差卷积网络和长短期记忆的预测方法。该方法通过在网络中引入跳跃连接来构造不同的残差单元模块,使深层卷积网络的训练更加有效。它可以避免由于层数过多导致的梯度消失或网络退化,有效地提取数据的深层次特征。针对退化过程的时间序列特征表征,采用深度长短期记忆网络构建轴承退化信号的趋势特征。最后,仿真结果表明了该方法在寿命预测方面的优越性。
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引用次数: 0
Point cloud registration algorithm for autonomous landing based on color and intensity information 基于颜色和强度信息的自主着陆点云配准算法
Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/ISAS59543.2023.10164292
Kaijiang Zhao, Haitao Xie, Yaohong Qu
The autonomous landing of unmanned helicopter is one of the necessary technical means to complete modern and complex tasks. Aiming at the problems such as poor real-time performance and little content in the process of acquiring terrain information, we proposed a multi-information point cloud registration algorithm. This algorithm integrates the color information and echo intensity information of the point cloud into the traditional registration algorithm and solves the problems of poor registration accuracy and convergence speed when the traditional algorithm deals with the point cloud. In order to further verify the proposed algorithm, the performance of different registration algorithms was evaluated and compared on the ford campus data set provided by the University of Michigan. The final results show that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of high precision and fast speed compared with the traditional algorithm.
无人直升机的自主降落是完成现代复杂任务的必要技术手段之一。针对地形信息获取过程中实时性差、内容少等问题,提出了一种多信息点云配准算法。该算法将点云的颜色信息和回波强度信息融合到传统配准算法中,解决了传统配准算法处理点云时配准精度差、收敛速度慢的问题。为了进一步验证所提出的算法,在密歇根大学提供的ford校园数据集上对不同配准算法的性能进行了评价和比较。最终结果表明,与传统算法相比,该算法具有精度高、速度快的优点。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2023 6th International Symposium on Autonomous Systems (ISAS)
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