Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08267-1
Aarón Mondragón-Martínez, Diego Marroquin-Vilchez, Rosa Martínez-Rojas, Lidia Cruz-Neyra, Eduardo A Pulido-Murillo, Marcos A Sulca-López, Celso Luis Cruces, Jhon Darly Chero, Enrique García-Candela, Jefferson Yunis-Aguinaga
Diphyllobothriosis, a fish-borne zoonosis in South America, is mainly caused by the Pacific broad tapeworm Adenocephalus pacificus Nybelin, 1931, a parasite of considerable concern in fishery resources due to its impact on public health. A new diphyllobothrid, Diphyllobothrium sprakeri Hernández-Orts et al. Parasites Vectors 14:219, 2021, was recently described from sea lions from the Pacific Coast, but marine fish acting as intermediate hosts are unknown. The objective of this study was to confirm the presence of plerocercoid larvae of Diphyllobothriidae Lühe, 1910 (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) in nine fish species of commercial importance in Peru. Of a total of 6999 fish (5861 Engraulis ringens, 853 Sciaena deliciosa, 6 Sciaena callaensis, 171 Scomber japonicus, 40 Trachurus murphyi, 40 Ariopsis seemanni, 18 Merluccius peruanus, 5 Sarda chiliensis, and 5 Coryphaena hippurus), 183 were infected with plerocercoid larvae, representing a total prevalence of 2.61% and a mean intensity of 3.2. Based on mtDNA cox1 sequences of 43 plerocercoids, a phylogenetic analysis revealed that 41 belong to A. pacificus and two to D. sprakeri. These findings are first molecular data for D. sprakeri larvae, and the infections of E. ringens and T. murphyi by plerocercoid larvae represent the first records of intermediate/paratenic hosts for this species. Hence, the findings of the current study enhance our understanding of the presence of diphyllobothriid species in commercial fish from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean and their potential impact on seafood safety for local human populations.
{"title":"Molecular identification and prevalence of plerocercoid larvae (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) in some commercial fish species from Peru.","authors":"Aarón Mondragón-Martínez, Diego Marroquin-Vilchez, Rosa Martínez-Rojas, Lidia Cruz-Neyra, Eduardo A Pulido-Murillo, Marcos A Sulca-López, Celso Luis Cruces, Jhon Darly Chero, Enrique García-Candela, Jefferson Yunis-Aguinaga","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08267-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08267-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diphyllobothriosis, a fish-borne zoonosis in South America, is mainly caused by the Pacific broad tapeworm Adenocephalus pacificus Nybelin, 1931, a parasite of considerable concern in fishery resources due to its impact on public health. A new diphyllobothrid, Diphyllobothrium sprakeri Hernández-Orts et al. Parasites Vectors 14:219, 2021, was recently described from sea lions from the Pacific Coast, but marine fish acting as intermediate hosts are unknown. The objective of this study was to confirm the presence of plerocercoid larvae of Diphyllobothriidae Lühe, 1910 (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) in nine fish species of commercial importance in Peru. Of a total of 6999 fish (5861 Engraulis ringens, 853 Sciaena deliciosa, 6 Sciaena callaensis, 171 Scomber japonicus, 40 Trachurus murphyi, 40 Ariopsis seemanni, 18 Merluccius peruanus, 5 Sarda chiliensis, and 5 Coryphaena hippurus), 183 were infected with plerocercoid larvae, representing a total prevalence of 2.61% and a mean intensity of 3.2. Based on mtDNA cox1 sequences of 43 plerocercoids, a phylogenetic analysis revealed that 41 belong to A. pacificus and two to D. sprakeri. These findings are first molecular data for D. sprakeri larvae, and the infections of E. ringens and T. murphyi by plerocercoid larvae represent the first records of intermediate/paratenic hosts for this species. Hence, the findings of the current study enhance our understanding of the presence of diphyllobothriid species in commercial fish from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean and their potential impact on seafood safety for local human populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08261-7
Angélica Paulina Nunes, Yasmin Munhoz Dos Santos, Raquel Arruda da Silva Sanfelice, Virgínia Marcia Concato-Lopes, Taylon Felipe Silva, Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Danielle Lazarin-Bidoia, Rayanne Regina Beltrame Machado, Luiz Daniel de Barros, João Luis Garcia, Ivete Conchon-Costa, Wander Rogério Pavanelli, Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi, Bellisa de Freitas Barbosa, Eloisa Amália Vieira Ferro, Idessania Nazareth Costa
{"title":"Correction to: Essential oil of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) reduces infection and proliferation of Toxoplasma gondii in BeWo cells with induction of autophagy and death of tachyzoites through a mechanism similar to necrosis.","authors":"Angélica Paulina Nunes, Yasmin Munhoz Dos Santos, Raquel Arruda da Silva Sanfelice, Virgínia Marcia Concato-Lopes, Taylon Felipe Silva, Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Danielle Lazarin-Bidoia, Rayanne Regina Beltrame Machado, Luiz Daniel de Barros, João Luis Garcia, Ivete Conchon-Costa, Wander Rogério Pavanelli, Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi, Bellisa de Freitas Barbosa, Eloisa Amália Vieira Ferro, Idessania Nazareth Costa","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08261-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08261-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08251-9
Susan Jarvi, John Jacob, Alfred Mina, Malia Lyons
Rat lungworm disease or neuroangiostrongyliasis is a cerebral parasitic infection that affects humans and animals alike. Its clinical signs and symptoms can range from mild self-resolving to serious life-threatening conditions. Studies suggest therapeutic interventions during the early stages of infection to be more effective than in later stages. However, early diagnosis of infection is usually problematic without the knowledge of exposure and/or detection of the parasite's DNA or antibody against the parasite in the cerebrospinal fluid. This requires a lumbar puncture, which is an invasive procedure that generally requires hospitalization. This study evaluates an affordable and less invasive alternative to detect parasitic DNA by PCR from the peripheral blood of potentially infected animals. Blood samples from 58 animals (55 dogs and 3 cats) with clinical suspicion of infection were submitted to our lab between February 2019 and August 2022 by local, licensed veterinarians. DNA was extracted from whole blood, plasma, serum, and/or packed cells using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit as per the manufacturer's protocol. All 58 animals were tested by real-time PCR using the AcanITS1 assay and 32 of these animals (31dogs; 1 cat) were also tested using the AcanR3990 assay. The PCR results for both assays were classified into strongly positive > positive > weakly positive > negative, and equivocal for ambiguous results, based on the strength of the signal. The percent infection detected using the AcanITS1 and AcanR3990 assays was 12.72% (7/55) and 20.68% (6/29), respectively. The overall percent infection detected was 34.37% (11/32), with only two animals testing positive by both assays. The three cats involved in this study tested negative by both assays. These results are promising and warrant further investigations to increase sensitivity including variables that might affect detection in the blood, such as parasite load, and laboratory methodologies.
{"title":"Detection of rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) infection by real-time PCR from the peripheral blood of animals: a preliminary study.","authors":"Susan Jarvi, John Jacob, Alfred Mina, Malia Lyons","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08251-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08251-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rat lungworm disease or neuroangiostrongyliasis is a cerebral parasitic infection that affects humans and animals alike. Its clinical signs and symptoms can range from mild self-resolving to serious life-threatening conditions. Studies suggest therapeutic interventions during the early stages of infection to be more effective than in later stages. However, early diagnosis of infection is usually problematic without the knowledge of exposure and/or detection of the parasite's DNA or antibody against the parasite in the cerebrospinal fluid. This requires a lumbar puncture, which is an invasive procedure that generally requires hospitalization. This study evaluates an affordable and less invasive alternative to detect parasitic DNA by PCR from the peripheral blood of potentially infected animals. Blood samples from 58 animals (55 dogs and 3 cats) with clinical suspicion of infection were submitted to our lab between February 2019 and August 2022 by local, licensed veterinarians. DNA was extracted from whole blood, plasma, serum, and/or packed cells using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit as per the manufacturer's protocol. All 58 animals were tested by real-time PCR using the AcanITS1 assay and 32 of these animals (31dogs; 1 cat) were also tested using the AcanR3990 assay. The PCR results for both assays were classified into strongly positive > positive > weakly positive > negative, and equivocal for ambiguous results, based on the strength of the signal. The percent infection detected using the AcanITS1 and AcanR3990 assays was 12.72% (7/55) and 20.68% (6/29), respectively. The overall percent infection detected was 34.37% (11/32), with only two animals testing positive by both assays. The three cats involved in this study tested negative by both assays. These results are promising and warrant further investigations to increase sensitivity including variables that might affect detection in the blood, such as parasite load, and laboratory methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141306467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08255-5
Noor Akbar, Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui, Mohammed I El-Gamal, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Seyed-Omar Zaraei, Balsam Qubais Saeed, Ahmad M Alharbi, Nihar Ranjan Dash
Managing primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, induced by Naegleria fowleri poses a complex medical challenge. There is currently no specific anti-amoebic drug that has proven effectiveness against N. fowleri infection. Ongoing research endeavours are dedicated to uncovering innovative treatment strategies, including the utilization of drugs and immune modulators targeting Naegleria infection. In this study, we explored the potential of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole and imidazooxazole derivatives that incorporate sulfonate and sulfamate groups as agents with anti-amoebic properties against N. fowleri. We assessed several synthesized compounds (1f, 1m, 1q, 1s, and 1t) for their efficacy in eliminating amoebae, their impact on cytotoxicity, and their influence on the damage caused to human cerebral microvascular endothelial (HBEC-5i) cells when exposed to the N. fowleri (ATCC 30174) strain. The outcomes revealed that, among the five compounds under examination, 1m, 1q, and 1t demonstrated notable anti-parasitic effects against N. fowleri (P ≤ 0.05). Compound 1t exhibited the highest anti-parasitic activity, reducing N. fowleri population by 80%. Additionally, three compounds, 1m, 1q, and 1t, significantly mitigated the damage inflicted on host cells by N. fowleri. However, the results of cytotoxicity analysis indicated that while 1m and 1q had minimal cytotoxic effects on endothelial cells, compound 1t caused moderate cytotoxicity (34%). Consequently, we conclude that imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole and imidazooxazole derivatives containing sulfonate and sulfamate groups exhibit a marked capacity to eliminate amoebae viability while causing limited toxicity to human cells. In aggregate, these findings hold promise that could potentially evolve into novel therapeutic options for treating N. fowleri infection.
治疗由瑙格勒氏菌(Naegleria fowleri)诱发的原发性阿米巴脑膜炎是一项复杂的医学挑战。目前还没有经证实对阿米巴感染有效的特效药物。正在进行的研究致力于发现创新的治疗策略,包括利用针对奈格勒氏菌感染的药物和免疫调节剂。在本研究中,我们探索了咪唑并[2,1-b]噻唑和咪唑并恶唑衍生物的潜力,这些衍生物含有磺酸盐基团和氨基磺酸盐基团,可作为抗阿米巴痢疾杆菌的药物。我们评估了几种合成的化合物(1f、1m、1q、1s 和 1t)在消灭阿米巴虫方面的功效、它们对细胞毒性的影响,以及它们对人脑部微血管内皮细胞(HBEC-5i)暴露于 N. fowleri(ATCC 30174)菌株时造成的损伤的影响。研究结果表明,在所研究的五种化合物中,1m、1q 和 1t 对 N. fowleri 有显著的抗寄生作用(P ≤ 0.05)。化合物 1t 的抗寄生虫活性最高,可使 N. fowleri 的数量减少 80%。此外,1m、1q 和 1t 这三种化合物还能显著减轻 N. fowleri 对宿主细胞造成的损害。不过,细胞毒性分析结果表明,1m 和 1q 对内皮细胞的细胞毒性作用极小,而化合物 1t 则造成了中等程度的细胞毒性(34%)。因此,我们得出结论,含有磺酸盐和氨基磺酸盐基团的咪唑并[2,1-b]噻唑和咪唑恶唑衍生物具有明显的消除变形虫活力的能力,同时对人体细胞的毒性有限。总之,这些研究结果有望成为治疗鲍勒氏变形虫感染的新疗法。
{"title":"Next generation imidazothiazole and imidazooxazole derivatives as potential drugs against brain-eating amoebae.","authors":"Noor Akbar, Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui, Mohammed I El-Gamal, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Seyed-Omar Zaraei, Balsam Qubais Saeed, Ahmad M Alharbi, Nihar Ranjan Dash","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08255-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08255-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Managing primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, induced by Naegleria fowleri poses a complex medical challenge. There is currently no specific anti-amoebic drug that has proven effectiveness against N. fowleri infection. Ongoing research endeavours are dedicated to uncovering innovative treatment strategies, including the utilization of drugs and immune modulators targeting Naegleria infection. In this study, we explored the potential of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole and imidazooxazole derivatives that incorporate sulfonate and sulfamate groups as agents with anti-amoebic properties against N. fowleri. We assessed several synthesized compounds (1f, 1m, 1q, 1s, and 1t) for their efficacy in eliminating amoebae, their impact on cytotoxicity, and their influence on the damage caused to human cerebral microvascular endothelial (HBEC-5i) cells when exposed to the N. fowleri (ATCC 30174) strain. The outcomes revealed that, among the five compounds under examination, 1m, 1q, and 1t demonstrated notable anti-parasitic effects against N. fowleri (P ≤ 0.05). Compound 1t exhibited the highest anti-parasitic activity, reducing N. fowleri population by 80%. Additionally, three compounds, 1m, 1q, and 1t, significantly mitigated the damage inflicted on host cells by N. fowleri. However, the results of cytotoxicity analysis indicated that while 1m and 1q had minimal cytotoxic effects on endothelial cells, compound 1t caused moderate cytotoxicity (34%). Consequently, we conclude that imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole and imidazooxazole derivatives containing sulfonate and sulfamate groups exhibit a marked capacity to eliminate amoebae viability while causing limited toxicity to human cells. In aggregate, these findings hold promise that could potentially evolve into novel therapeutic options for treating N. fowleri infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141306468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08262-6
Leandro Batista das Neves, Tuan Pedro Dias-Correia, Fernanda Bittencourt-Oliveira, Thiago Cordeiro Pereira, Fernanda Barbosa de Almeida, Rosângela Rodrigues-Silva
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a species complex with the potential to cause cystic echinococcosis (CE). Contact with the feces of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) fed with raw viscera of intermediate livestock hosts is a risk factor for this infection in the southern region of Brazil. Although the region has been considered endemic to CE for many years, molecular data regarding the species of the complex causing CE in humans are scarce. This study aimed to perform a molecular analysis of the biological fluid from a human liver cyst to investigate the species responsible for CE. Genetic material obtained from the hydatid fluid of a hepatic cyst from a human with CE was subjected to PCR to amplify mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the human infection by Echinococcus canadensis G7 in the state of Paraná, Brazil. This is the first molecular record of E. canadensis G7 infecting a human in Brazil, and it is important to reiterate the risk of human CE caused by this species in South America, as reported by a previous study in Patagonia, Argentina. From the epidemiological point of view, this finding is of great relevance for the southern region of Brazil, since this parasite has previously only been detected in pigs in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, neighboring Paraná. The finding points to the importance of this identification in the molecular epidemiology of E. granulosus s.l., especially in South America.
肉眼棘球蚴是一种有可能引起囊性棘球蚴病(CE)的复合菌种。在巴西南部地区,接触家犬(Canis familiaris)的粪便并喂食中间家畜宿主的生内脏是感染这种疾病的风险因素。虽然该地区多年来一直被认为是 CE 的流行区,但有关导致人类 CE 的复合病毒种类的分子数据却很少。本研究旨在对来自人体肝囊肿的生物液体进行分子分析,以调查导致 CE 的种类。对从一名 CE 患者的肝囊肿包虫液中获得的遗传物质进行了聚合酶链式反应,以扩增线粒体和核 DNA 序列。系统发生学分析证实,巴西巴拉那州的人类感染了犬棘球蚴 G7。这是巴西首次出现卡氏棘球蚴 G7 感染人类的分子记录,必须重申的是,正如之前在阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚进行的一项研究中所报告的那样,该物种在南美洲有导致人类感染卡氏棘球蚴的风险。从流行病学的角度来看,这一发现对巴西南部地区具有重大意义,因为此前只在与巴拉那州相邻的南里奥格兰德州的猪身上发现过这种寄生虫。这一发现表明了这一鉴定在肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌分子流行病学中的重要性,尤其是在南美洲。
{"title":"Human cystic echinococcosis: first molecular identification of Echinococcus canadensis G7 in Brazil.","authors":"Leandro Batista das Neves, Tuan Pedro Dias-Correia, Fernanda Bittencourt-Oliveira, Thiago Cordeiro Pereira, Fernanda Barbosa de Almeida, Rosângela Rodrigues-Silva","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08262-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08262-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a species complex with the potential to cause cystic echinococcosis (CE). Contact with the feces of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) fed with raw viscera of intermediate livestock hosts is a risk factor for this infection in the southern region of Brazil. Although the region has been considered endemic to CE for many years, molecular data regarding the species of the complex causing CE in humans are scarce. This study aimed to perform a molecular analysis of the biological fluid from a human liver cyst to investigate the species responsible for CE. Genetic material obtained from the hydatid fluid of a hepatic cyst from a human with CE was subjected to PCR to amplify mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the human infection by Echinococcus canadensis G7 in the state of Paraná, Brazil. This is the first molecular record of E. canadensis G7 infecting a human in Brazil, and it is important to reiterate the risk of human CE caused by this species in South America, as reported by a previous study in Patagonia, Argentina. From the epidemiological point of view, this finding is of great relevance for the southern region of Brazil, since this parasite has previously only been detected in pigs in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, neighboring Paraná. The finding points to the importance of this identification in the molecular epidemiology of E. granulosus s.l., especially in South America.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Echinococcosis is a worldwide disease endemic to the western region of China. In 2023, echinococcosis was detected in one of 27 wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang, northwestern China. Histopathological staining and full sequence mitochondrial (mt) analysis were used to determine the infection genotype. Echinococcus granulosus was detected in the wild boar liver, and the cystic lesion characteristics indicated the E. granulosus genotype (G1). This case is the first confirmation of wild boar serving as a transmitter for the G1 genotype of E. granulosus within China. These findings suggest that surveillance is needed to assess the risk of E. granulosus sensu lato transmission to humans and wild animals.
{"title":"First report of Echinococcus granulosus genotype 1 in a wild boar (Sus scrofa) from China.","authors":"Baoping Guo, Cairen, Li Zhao, Kalibixiati Aimulajiang, Wenqiang Tang, Chuanchuan Wu, Maiweilidan Yimingjiang, Jianyong Wu, Rongsheng Mi, Hao Wen","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08249-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08249-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Echinococcosis is a worldwide disease endemic to the western region of China. In 2023, echinococcosis was detected in one of 27 wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang, northwestern China. Histopathological staining and full sequence mitochondrial (mt) analysis were used to determine the infection genotype. Echinococcus granulosus was detected in the wild boar liver, and the cystic lesion characteristics indicated the E. granulosus genotype (G1). This case is the first confirmation of wild boar serving as a transmitter for the G1 genotype of E. granulosus within China. These findings suggest that surveillance is needed to assess the risk of E. granulosus sensu lato transmission to humans and wild animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-10DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08259-1
Jenny Jost, Jörg Hirzmann, Ľudovít Ďureje, Denny Maaz, Peer Martin, Thomas Stach, Emanuel Heitlinger, Víctor Hugo Jarquín-Díaz
Mastophorus muris (Gmelin, 1790) is a globally distributed parasitic nematode of broad range mammals. The taxonomy within the genus Mastophorus and the cryptic diversity among the genus are controversial among taxonomists. This study provides a detailed morphological description of M. muris from Mus musculus combined with a molecular phylogenetic approach. Moreover, descriptions and molecular data of M. muris from non-Mus rodents and wildcats complement our findings and together provide new insights into their taxonomy. The analysis of M. muris was based on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The morphological description focused on the dentition pattern of the two trilobed pseudolabia. Additionally, we described the position of the vulva, arrangement of caudal pairs of papillae, spicules and measured specimens from both sexes and the eggs. For the molecular phylogenetic approach, we amplified the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1. Mastophorus morphotypes based on dentition patterns and phylogenetic clustering indicate a subdivision of the genus in agreement with their host. We recognize two groups without a change to formal taxonomy: One group including those specimens infecting Mus musculus, and the second group including organisms infecting non-Mus rodents. Our genetic and morphological data shed light into the cryptic diversity within the genus Mastopohorus. We identified two host-associated groups of M. muris. The described morphotypes and genotypes of M. muris allow a consistent distinction between host-associated parasites.
Mastophorus muris(Gmelin,1790 年)是一种分布于全球的哺乳动物寄生线虫。分类学家对 Mastophorus 属的分类以及该属之间的隐性多样性存在争议。本研究结合分子系统学方法,对来自麝的 M. muris 进行了详细的形态学描述。此外,来自非麝类啮齿动物和野猫的 M. muris 的描述和分子数据补充了我们的发现,共同为其分类学提供了新的见解。对M. muris的分析基于光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜。形态学描述的重点是两个三叶假唇的牙齿形态。此外,我们还描述了外阴的位置、尾对乳突的排列、棘突,并对雌雄标本和卵进行了测量。在分子系统学方法中,我们扩增了小亚基核糖体 RNA 基因和内部转录间隔区,以及细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚单位 1。基于牙齿形态和系统发育聚类的 Mastophorus 形态分型表明,该属的细分与其宿主一致。我们在不改变正式分类法的情况下确认了两个类群:一组包括感染麝的标本,另一组包括感染非麝啮齿动物的生物。我们的基因和形态学数据揭示了Mastopohorus属内部的隐秘多样性。我们确定了两个与宿主相关的 M. muris 群体。根据所描述的 M. muris 的形态和基因型,可以对与宿主相关的寄生虫进行一致的区分。
{"title":"Dentition patterns and molecular diversity of Mastophorus muris (Gmelin, 1790) (Nematoda: Spiruroidea) support a host-associated subdivision.","authors":"Jenny Jost, Jörg Hirzmann, Ľudovít Ďureje, Denny Maaz, Peer Martin, Thomas Stach, Emanuel Heitlinger, Víctor Hugo Jarquín-Díaz","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08259-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08259-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mastophorus muris (Gmelin, 1790) is a globally distributed parasitic nematode of broad range mammals. The taxonomy within the genus Mastophorus and the cryptic diversity among the genus are controversial among taxonomists. This study provides a detailed morphological description of M. muris from Mus musculus combined with a molecular phylogenetic approach. Moreover, descriptions and molecular data of M. muris from non-Mus rodents and wildcats complement our findings and together provide new insights into their taxonomy. The analysis of M. muris was based on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The morphological description focused on the dentition pattern of the two trilobed pseudolabia. Additionally, we described the position of the vulva, arrangement of caudal pairs of papillae, spicules and measured specimens from both sexes and the eggs. For the molecular phylogenetic approach, we amplified the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1. Mastophorus morphotypes based on dentition patterns and phylogenetic clustering indicate a subdivision of the genus in agreement with their host. We recognize two groups without a change to formal taxonomy: One group including those specimens infecting Mus musculus, and the second group including organisms infecting non-Mus rodents. Our genetic and morphological data shed light into the cryptic diversity within the genus Mastopohorus. We identified two host-associated groups of M. muris. The described morphotypes and genotypes of M. muris allow a consistent distinction between host-associated parasites.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11164724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania (L.) major. This zoonosis is characterized by a broad-spectrum clinical polymorphism and may be underestimated and poorly treated since it is a simulator of various dermatoses. The aim of our study was to analyze the clinical polymorphism of patients with ZCL. A total of 142 patients with confirmed CL based on the microscopic examination of skin lesion biopsies were included in this study. Molecular typing of Leishmania species revealed that all patients were infected with L. major. In total, 14 clinical forms were observed. Six were typical and eight were atypical. The typical ZCL forms are grouped as follows: papular (26.76%), ulcero-crusted (26.05%), ulcerated (13.38%), impetiginous (9.86%), nodular (9.15%), and papulo-nodular (5.63%) lesions. In atypical ZCL forms, we described erythematous (2.81%), erysipeloid (1.4%), sporotrichoid, (1.4%), keratotic (0.7%) lupoid (0.7%), lichenoid (0.7%), psoriasiform (0.7%), and zosteriform (0.7%) lesions. Here, the lichenoid and the keratotic forms caused by L. major were reported for the first time in Tunisia. These findings will help physicians to be aware of the unusual lesions of ZCL that could be confused with other dermatological diseases. For this reason, it will be necessary to improve the diagnosis of CL especially in endemic areas. Such large clinical polymorphism caused by L. major may be the result of a complex association between the vector microbiota, the parasite, and the host immune state, and further studies should be carried out in order to reveal the mechanisms involved in clinical polymorphism of ZCL.
{"title":"Clinical polymorphism of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: combination of the clinical and the parasitological diagnosis.","authors":"Samia Layouni, Latifa Remadi, Abdelhamid Kidar, Raja Chaâbane-Banaoues, Najoua Haouas, Hamouda Babba","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08263-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08263-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania (L.) major. This zoonosis is characterized by a broad-spectrum clinical polymorphism and may be underestimated and poorly treated since it is a simulator of various dermatoses. The aim of our study was to analyze the clinical polymorphism of patients with ZCL. A total of 142 patients with confirmed CL based on the microscopic examination of skin lesion biopsies were included in this study. Molecular typing of Leishmania species revealed that all patients were infected with L. major. In total, 14 clinical forms were observed. Six were typical and eight were atypical. The typical ZCL forms are grouped as follows: papular (26.76%), ulcero-crusted (26.05%), ulcerated (13.38%), impetiginous (9.86%), nodular (9.15%), and papulo-nodular (5.63%) lesions. In atypical ZCL forms, we described erythematous (2.81%), erysipeloid (1.4%), sporotrichoid, (1.4%), keratotic (0.7%) lupoid (0.7%), lichenoid (0.7%), psoriasiform (0.7%), and zosteriform (0.7%) lesions. Here, the lichenoid and the keratotic forms caused by L. major were reported for the first time in Tunisia. These findings will help physicians to be aware of the unusual lesions of ZCL that could be confused with other dermatological diseases. For this reason, it will be necessary to improve the diagnosis of CL especially in endemic areas. Such large clinical polymorphism caused by L. major may be the result of a complex association between the vector microbiota, the parasite, and the host immune state, and further studies should be carried out in order to reveal the mechanisms involved in clinical polymorphism of ZCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08254-6
Dimitris Dimzas, Selene Rubiola, Laura Pacifico, Vincenzo Veneziano, Francesco Chiesa, Taxiarchis Chassalevris, Anastasia Diakou
The genus Sarcocystis includes protozoan parasites with an indirect life cycle. Sarcocystis spp. can infect various animal species and humans, causing sarcocystosis, a parasitosis of economic importance and zoonotic concern. Wild boars can act as intermediate hosts for Sarcocystis miescheriana and the zoonotic Sarcocystis suihominis that infects humans by consumption of raw or undercooked infected swine meat. In the present study, the diaphragmatic muscle tissue of 123 wild boars hunted in Greece was examined to determine the frequency of Sarcocystis spp. The samples were examined by tissue compression and molecular techniques. Under light microscopy, 34 out of 123 (27.6%) wild boars tested positive for Sarcocystis spp., while a higher infection prevalence (75%) was revealed by multiplex PCR performed in 100 of the samples. The partial mtDNA cox1 gene (~ 1100 bp) of 20 samples tested positive for S. miescheriana by multiplex PCR was amplified and sequenced. Sarcocystis miescheriana was identified as the only species involved in these infections. This is the first study on the prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. in wild animals in Greece. Further, large-scale surveys are needed to assess the prevalence and species of this parasite in Greece and to design efficient control and preventive measures in a One Health perspective.
{"title":"Microscopic detection and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis miescheriana in wild boars (Sus scrofa): first report from Greece.","authors":"Dimitris Dimzas, Selene Rubiola, Laura Pacifico, Vincenzo Veneziano, Francesco Chiesa, Taxiarchis Chassalevris, Anastasia Diakou","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08254-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08254-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus Sarcocystis includes protozoan parasites with an indirect life cycle. Sarcocystis spp. can infect various animal species and humans, causing sarcocystosis, a parasitosis of economic importance and zoonotic concern. Wild boars can act as intermediate hosts for Sarcocystis miescheriana and the zoonotic Sarcocystis suihominis that infects humans by consumption of raw or undercooked infected swine meat. In the present study, the diaphragmatic muscle tissue of 123 wild boars hunted in Greece was examined to determine the frequency of Sarcocystis spp. The samples were examined by tissue compression and molecular techniques. Under light microscopy, 34 out of 123 (27.6%) wild boars tested positive for Sarcocystis spp., while a higher infection prevalence (75%) was revealed by multiplex PCR performed in 100 of the samples. The partial mtDNA cox1 gene (~ 1100 bp) of 20 samples tested positive for S. miescheriana by multiplex PCR was amplified and sequenced. Sarcocystis miescheriana was identified as the only species involved in these infections. This is the first study on the prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. in wild animals in Greece. Further, large-scale surveys are needed to assess the prevalence and species of this parasite in Greece and to design efficient control and preventive measures in a One Health perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08258-2
Diogo Almeida, Antonio Teixeira Rodrigues, Jose Pedro Guerreiro, Ewa Bałkowiec-Iskra, Robert Vander Stichele, Bruno Sepodes, Carla Torre
This study aims to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of self-care products for pediculosis capitis management, in Portugal. A segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series (March 2020) was performed from January 2017 to August 2023 to analyze the short- and long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of pediculicides and related products. Monthly rates of absolute consumption were estimated by community pharmacies' dispensing records. Portuguese municipalities were organized into quintiles according to their purchasing power index and percentage of youth, to study the association of these social and demographic variables on the sale of these products. COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced the sales of products indicated for pediculosis. Since the start of the pandemic, an absolute decrease of 21.0 thousand packages was observed in the monthly average consumption (p < 0.0001) compared to the pre-pandemic period. After this reduction, the average monthly trend increased in the pandemic period in comparison with the previous period, although not significant (267.0 packages per month, p = 0.1102). Regions with higher disposable income and more young people were associated with higher sales of these products. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a notable impact on the sales of self-care products for pediculosis capitis in Portugal, in the short term. The lockdowns and other isolation measures implemented to control the spread of the virus may have led to a decrease in the number of head lice cases, consequently resulting in a reduction in sales of products.
{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic and the consumption of self-care products for pediculosis capitis in Portugal: an interrupted time-series analysis.","authors":"Diogo Almeida, Antonio Teixeira Rodrigues, Jose Pedro Guerreiro, Ewa Bałkowiec-Iskra, Robert Vander Stichele, Bruno Sepodes, Carla Torre","doi":"10.1007/s00436-024-08258-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00436-024-08258-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of self-care products for pediculosis capitis management, in Portugal. A segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series (March 2020) was performed from January 2017 to August 2023 to analyze the short- and long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of pediculicides and related products. Monthly rates of absolute consumption were estimated by community pharmacies' dispensing records. Portuguese municipalities were organized into quintiles according to their purchasing power index and percentage of youth, to study the association of these social and demographic variables on the sale of these products. COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced the sales of products indicated for pediculosis. Since the start of the pandemic, an absolute decrease of 21.0 thousand packages was observed in the monthly average consumption (p < 0.0001) compared to the pre-pandemic period. After this reduction, the average monthly trend increased in the pandemic period in comparison with the previous period, although not significant (267.0 packages per month, p = 0.1102). Regions with higher disposable income and more young people were associated with higher sales of these products. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a notable impact on the sales of self-care products for pediculosis capitis in Portugal, in the short term. The lockdowns and other isolation measures implemented to control the spread of the virus may have led to a decrease in the number of head lice cases, consequently resulting in a reduction in sales of products.</p>","PeriodicalId":19968,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11162394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}