In an experiment related in the fourth paper, an amalgam of one part of platina and two of gold with a suitable quantity of mercury, having been triturated with water for a considerable time, and occasionally washed over, the platina was gradually thrown out, and the gold retained by the quicksilver.
{"title":"XX. Experimental examination of platina","authors":"W. Lewis","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1757.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1757.0021","url":null,"abstract":"In an experiment related in the fourth paper, an amalgam of one part of platina and two of gold with a suitable quantity of mercury, having been triturated with water for a considerable time, and occasionally washed over, the platina was gradually thrown out, and the gold retained by the quicksilver.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"24 1","pages":"156 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82753475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Learned Author, designing to treat of the Flour albus which he terms Rheumatismaus Vterinus, gives the Anatomy of the Womb, ( in a proper Sense,) describing the Magnitude, Substance, and Vessels of that part;
{"title":"Gualteri charltoni inquisitio physica de causis Catameniorum, & vteri Rheumatismo. Lond. 1685. 8°","authors":"","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1685.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1685.0038","url":null,"abstract":"The Learned Author, designing to treat of the Flour albus which he terms Rheumatismaus Vterinus, gives the Anatomy of the Womb, ( in a proper Sense,) describing the Magnitude, Substance, and Vessels of that part;","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"98 1","pages":"1020 - 1026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89264760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a paper which the Royal Society have done me the honour of inserting in the last Volume of their Transactions, I related some experiments on the decomposition of animal muscle. I regret that it has not been in my power to pursue these inquiries with the attention the subject seems to demand. I beg leave, however, to present the few additional facts contained in this paper, not by any means as a full investigation of the subject, but as serving to excite the attention of those, who have more opportunities, and are better qualified, to pursue such inquiries. I mentioned in my former paper, that the substance procured either by means of water, or the nitrous acid, appeared to me to have precisely the same external characters; but I have observed since, that there is a difference between that which I obtain from quadrupeds, and that which is procured from the human subject: the former seems not disposed to crystallize, while the latter assumes a very beautiful and regular crystalline appearance.
{"title":"X. On the conversion of animal substances into a fatty matter much resembling Spermaceti","authors":"G. S. Gibbes","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1795.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1795.0013","url":null,"abstract":"In a paper which the Royal Society have done me the honour of inserting in the last Volume of their Transactions, I related some experiments on the decomposition of animal muscle. I regret that it has not been in my power to pursue these inquiries with the attention the subject seems to demand. I beg leave, however, to present the few additional facts contained in this paper, not by any means as a full investigation of the subject, but as serving to excite the attention of those, who have more opportunities, and are better qualified, to pursue such inquiries. I mentioned in my former paper, that the substance procured either by means of water, or the nitrous acid, appeared to me to have precisely the same external characters; but I have observed since, that there is a difference between that which I obtain from quadrupeds, and that which is procured from the human subject: the former seems not disposed to crystallize, while the latter assumes a very beautiful and regular crystalline appearance.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"123 1","pages":"239 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89867770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sir, Every day produces some new publication relative to the late tremendous eruption of mount Vesuvius, so that the various phaenomena that attended it will be found on record in either one or other of these publications, and are not in that danger of being passed over and forgotten, as they were formerly, when the study of natural history was either totally neglected, or treated of in a manner very unworthy of the great Author of nature. I am sorry to say, that even so late as in the accounts of the earthquakes in Calabria in 1783, printed at Naples, nature is taxed with being malevolent, and bent upon destruction. In a printed account of another great eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 1631, by Antonio Santorelli, doctor of medicine, and professor of natural philosophy in the university of Naples, and at the head of the fourth chapter of his book, are these words: Se questo incendio sia opera de' demonii? Whether this eruption be the work of devils? The account of an eruption of Vesuvius in 1737, published at Naples by Doctor Serao, is of a very different cast, and does great honour to his memory. All great eruptions of volcanoes must naturally produce nearly the same phenomena, and in Serao's book almost all the phenomena we have been witness to during the late eruption of Vesuvius, are there admirably described, and well accounted for. The classical accounts of the eruption of Vesuvius, which destroyed the towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii, and many of the existing printed accounts of its great eruption in 1631 (although the latter are mixed with puerilities) might pass for an account of the late eruption by only changing the date, and omitting that circumstance of the retreat of the sea from the coast, which happened in both those great eruptions, and not in this; and I might content myself by referring to those accounts, and assuring you at the same time, that the late eruption, after those two, appears to have been the most violent recorded by history, and infinitely more alarming than either the eruption of 1767, or that of 1779, of both of which I had the honour of giving a particular account to the Royal Society. However, I think it my duty rather to hazard being guilty of repetition than to neglect the giving you every satisfaction in my power, relative to the late formidable operation of nature.
先生，每天都有一些关于维苏威火山最近的大爆发的新出版物，因此，与之相关的各种现象将在这些出版物中找到记录，而不会有被忽视和遗忘的危险，就像以前一样，当自然历史的研究被完全忽视，或者以一种与大自然的伟大作者非常不符的方式对待。我很遗憾地说，即使是在那不勒斯出版的1783年卡拉布里亚地震的记载中，大自然也被认为是恶毒的，一心想要毁灭。1631年，那不勒斯大学的医学博士兼自然哲学教授安东尼奥·圣托雷里(Antonio Santorelli)在一篇关于维苏威火山另一次大喷发的印刷文章中，在他的书的第四章的开头有这样一句话:Se questo incendio sia opera de' demonii?这次喷发是魔鬼所为吗?Serao博士在那不勒斯发表的关于1737年维苏威火山喷发的记录，是一个非常不同的版本，对他的记忆是极大的尊重。所有火山的大爆发必然会自然地产生几乎相同的现象，在Serao的书中，几乎所有我们在维苏威火山喷发后期所目睹的现象，都有令人钦佩的描述，并得到了很好的解释。维苏威火山爆发摧毁了赫库兰尼姆和庞贝的城镇，经典的描述和许多现存的关于1631年它的大爆发的印刷描述(尽管后者是混合的)可能被认为是一个晚期爆发的描述，只是改变了日期，省略了海洋从海岸撤退的情况，这发生在两次大爆发中，而不是在这次;我不妨参考一下这些记载，同时向您保证，在那两次之后，最近的一次喷发，似乎是历史上记载的最猛烈的一次，比1767年的喷发和1779年的喷发都要可怕得多，这两次喷发我都有幸在皇家学会上作过详细的报告。然而，我认为我的责任是冒着重复的危险，而不是忽视我所能给予你的一切满足，相对于最近大自然的可怕作用。
{"title":"IV. An account of the late eruption of Mount Vesuvius","authors":"W. Hamilton","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1795.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1795.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Sir, Every day produces some new publication relative to the late tremendous eruption of mount Vesuvius, so that the various phaenomena that attended it will be found on record in either one or other of these publications, and are not in that danger of being passed over and forgotten, as they were formerly, when the study of natural history was either totally neglected, or treated of in a manner very unworthy of the great Author of nature. I am sorry to say, that even so late as in the accounts of the earthquakes in Calabria in 1783, printed at Naples, nature is taxed with being malevolent, and bent upon destruction. In a printed account of another great eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 1631, by Antonio Santorelli, doctor of medicine, and professor of natural philosophy in the university of Naples, and at the head of the fourth chapter of his book, are these words: Se questo incendio sia opera de' demonii? Whether this eruption be the work of devils? The account of an eruption of Vesuvius in 1737, published at Naples by Doctor Serao, is of a very different cast, and does great honour to his memory. All great eruptions of volcanoes must naturally produce nearly the same phenomena, and in Serao's book almost all the phenomena we have been witness to during the late eruption of Vesuvius, are there admirably described, and well accounted for. The classical accounts of the eruption of Vesuvius, which destroyed the towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii, and many of the existing printed accounts of its great eruption in 1631 (although the latter are mixed with puerilities) might pass for an account of the late eruption by only changing the date, and omitting that circumstance of the retreat of the sea from the coast, which happened in both those great eruptions, and not in this; and I might content myself by referring to those accounts, and assuring you at the same time, that the late eruption, after those two, appears to have been the most violent recorded by history, and infinitely more alarming than either the eruption of 1767, or that of 1779, of both of which I had the honour of giving a particular account to the Royal Society. However, I think it my duty rather to hazard being guilty of repetition than to neglect the giving you every satisfaction in my power, relative to the late formidable operation of nature.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"51 1","pages":"116 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90937965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A mong the many instances of kindness I have experienced during my late abode in London, of which the recollection can never be obliterated from my memory, I reckon and acknow ledge with gratitude, the uncommon, and to me very interest ing, opportunities that were afforded me, to open and examine several Egyptian mummies. A few days after my arrival, I found in the library of my honoured friend Dr. G arthshore, F. R. S. among other Egyp tian antiquities, a small mummy, not above one foot in length, of the usual form of a swathed puppet, wrapped up in cotton bandages, painted and gilt in its front part, and inserted in a small sarcophagus of sycamore wood, in which it fitted exactly. Having expressed a wish to know the contents of this figure, the Doctor was kindly pleased to permit the opening of it; which accordingly took place on the 21st of January, 1792, at his house, in the presence of the President and several mem bers of the Royal Society, and other men of letters. The mummy itself measured 9^ inches in length, and 8 inches in circumference at the breast, where it was of the greatest thickness.
{"title":"XIV. Observations on some Egyptian mummies opened in London","authors":"J. F. Blumenbach","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1794.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1794.0017","url":null,"abstract":"A mong the many instances of kindness I have experienced during my late abode in London, of which the recollection can never be obliterated from my memory, I reckon and acknow ledge with gratitude, the uncommon, and to me very interest ing, opportunities that were afforded me, to open and examine several Egyptian mummies. A few days after my arrival, I found in the library of my honoured friend Dr. G arthshore, F. R. S. among other Egyp tian antiquities, a small mummy, not above one foot in length, of the usual form of a swathed puppet, wrapped up in cotton bandages, painted and gilt in its front part, and inserted in a small sarcophagus of sycamore wood, in which it fitted exactly. Having expressed a wish to know the contents of this figure, the Doctor was kindly pleased to permit the opening of it; which accordingly took place on the 21st of January, 1792, at his house, in the presence of the President and several mem bers of the Royal Society, and other men of letters. The mummy itself measured 9^ inches in length, and 8 inches in circumference at the breast, where it was of the greatest thickness.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"146 1","pages":"177 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77758657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Cape of Good Hope, which is part of Monomotapa, and the Southernmost part of Africa, lies in the Latitude of 34 Degrees 30 Minutes South, and 16 Degrees 15 Minutes East of London.
好望角位于南纬34度30分，东经16度15分的伦敦，是非洲最南端的非洲的一部分。
{"title":"VII. An account of the Cape of Good Hope","authors":"John Maxwell","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1706.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1706.0051","url":null,"abstract":"The Cape of Good Hope, which is part of Monomotapa, and the Southernmost part of Africa, lies in the Latitude of 34 Degrees 30 Minutes South, and 16 Degrees 15 Minutes East of London.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"88 1","pages":"2423 - 2434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82318485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The frost which began the latter half of December, 1794, continued long in this year, an uncommonly severe winter, for a quarter of a year; yet not without a thawing day or two now and then in January, and a greater thaw for four or five days, February 8 to 12, which took away a great part of the snow, and made a greater flood than any remembered, which did more damage to the bridges all over the kingdom than was ever known, yet without taking away all the ice and snow; the frost returned again as hard as before, and with a less break near the end of February, it continued into March. It was in general a calm frost, with vast quantities of snow coming and going; so that though it was pretty thick at times, it never lay so deep as it sometimes does. But perhaps some of the deep pits of snow and beds of ice were not entirely gone at the end of March. After the frost broke, there came near a fortnight of wet weather, not without some snow and frost; this made the spring seed time begin very late; but when it did come, it was very favourable and quick, cool but not frosty, and the grain came up well. The beginning of the summer was dry and cool; a hot week about May 20; suddenly turned cold, with frosty mornings for some days, and then mild again. The former part of the year, both in spring and summer, was remarkably cloudy, and a great deal of cold weather and frosty mornings in May and June, and perhaps some in July; yet a few hot days at times; a week of such weather with rain at the beginning of June, brought on things very much.
{"title":"XX. Abstract of register of the barometer, thermometer, and rain, at Lyndon, in Rutland, 1795","authors":"T. Barker","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1796.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1796.0022","url":null,"abstract":"The frost which began the latter half of December, 1794, continued long in this year, an uncommonly severe winter, for a quarter of a year; yet not without a thawing day or two now and then in January, and a greater thaw for four or five days, February 8 to 12, which took away a great part of the snow, and made a greater flood than any remembered, which did more damage to the bridges all over the kingdom than was ever known, yet without taking away all the ice and snow; the frost returned again as hard as before, and with a less break near the end of February, it continued into March. It was in general a calm frost, with vast quantities of snow coming and going; so that though it was pretty thick at times, it never lay so deep as it sometimes does. But perhaps some of the deep pits of snow and beds of ice were not entirely gone at the end of March. After the frost broke, there came near a fortnight of wet weather, not without some snow and frost; this made the spring seed time begin very late; but when it did come, it was very favourable and quick, cool but not frosty, and the grain came up well. The beginning of the summer was dry and cool; a hot week about May 20; suddenly turned cold, with frosty mornings for some days, and then mild again. The former part of the year, both in spring and summer, was remarkably cloudy, and a great deal of cold weather and frosty mornings in May and June, and perhaps some in July; yet a few hot days at times; a week of such weather with rain at the beginning of June, brought on things very much.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"28 1","pages":"483 - 485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80683553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
My dear Sir, I have now the pleasure of communicating to you the desired information concerning the dugong. At Singapore, in June last, I had the good fortune to meet with one of these animals, and Messrs. Diard and Duvaucel, two French naturalists, employed under my authority, undertook the dissection of it; and have sent a dissertation upon it to Sir Joseph Banks. This does not interfere with my sending to you, as I promised, an account of it. I was present at the dissection; and the following observations, as far as they go, may be depended upon. I have read them over to Dr. Wallick and General Hardwicke, and they concur in opinion as to the correctness of the description. I have the pleasure to acquaint you, that General Hardwicke has just now got a small dugong, four feet six inches long, which I have succeeded in persuading him to send home to you for dissection, and you will receive it by the next ships. The dugong which we examined measured eight feet and a half in length, and afforded no less interest under the knife than satisfaction on the table, as the flesh proved to be most excellent beef. Our entertainment was truly marine; for we had on the same day discovered those Neptunian sponges which General Hardwicke has since described, and which served us as goblets.
{"title":"XIII. Some account of the Dugong. By Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Governor of Sumatra; communicated in a letter to Sir Everard Home, Bart. V. P. R. S","authors":"T. Raffles","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1820.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1820.0014","url":null,"abstract":"My dear Sir, I have now the pleasure of communicating to you the desired information concerning the dugong. At Singapore, in June last, I had the good fortune to meet with one of these animals, and Messrs. Diard and Duvaucel, two French naturalists, employed under my authority, undertook the dissection of it; and have sent a dissertation upon it to Sir Joseph Banks. This does not interfere with my sending to you, as I promised, an account of it. I was present at the dissection; and the following observations, as far as they go, may be depended upon. I have read them over to Dr. Wallick and General Hardwicke, and they concur in opinion as to the correctness of the description. I have the pleasure to acquaint you, that General Hardwicke has just now got a small dugong, four feet six inches long, which I have succeeded in persuading him to send home to you for dissection, and you will receive it by the next ships. The dugong which we examined measured eight feet and a half in length, and afforded no less interest under the knife than satisfaction on the table, as the flesh proved to be most excellent beef. Our entertainment was truly marine; for we had on the same day discovered those Neptunian sponges which General Hardwicke has since described, and which served us as goblets.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"38 1","pages":"174 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80705623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sir, In a letter I received from my brother, the lieutenant governor of Virginia, he gives an account of a very remarkable storm of hail; which, if you think it worth communicating to the Society, is very much at their service.
{"title":"C. An account of an extraordinary storm of hail in Virginia","authors":"W. Fauquier","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1757.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1757.0101","url":null,"abstract":"Sir, In a letter I received from my brother, the lieutenant governor of Virginia, he gives an account of a very remarkable storm of hail; which, if you think it worth communicating to the Society, is very much at their service.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"44 1","pages":"746 - 747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80871980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meteorological journal,1818","authors":"","doi":"10.1098/rstl.1819.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1819.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Meteorological Journal for January, 1818.","PeriodicalId":20034,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London","volume":"23 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81879794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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