Polarization holography has been extensively applied in many fields, such as optical science, metrology, and biochemistry, due to its property of polarization modulation. However, the modulated polarization state of diffracted light corresponds strictly to that of incident light one by one. Here, a kind of tunable polarization holographic grating has been designed in terms of Jones matrices, and intensity-based polarization manipulation has been realized experimentally. The proposed tunable polarization holographic grating is recorded on an azobenzene liquid-crystalline film by a pair of coherent light beams with orthogonal polarization states and asymmetrically controlled intensities. It is found that the diffracted light can be actively manipulated from linearly to circularly polarized based on the light intensity of the recording holographic field when the polarization state of incident light keeps constant. Our work could enrich the field of light manipulation and holography.
{"title":"Tunable polarization holographic gratings obtained by varying the ratio of intensities of the recording beams","authors":"Hong Chen, Ziyao Lyu, and Changshun Wang","doi":"10.1364/prj.502730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.502730","url":null,"abstract":"Polarization holography has been extensively applied in many fields, such as optical science, metrology, and biochemistry, due to its property of polarization modulation. However, the modulated polarization state of diffracted light corresponds strictly to that of incident light one by one. Here, a kind of tunable polarization holographic grating has been designed in terms of Jones matrices, and intensity-based polarization manipulation has been realized experimentally. The proposed tunable polarization holographic grating is recorded on an azobenzene liquid-crystalline film by a pair of coherent light beams with orthogonal polarization states and asymmetrically controlled intensities. It is found that the diffracted light can be actively manipulated from linearly to circularly polarized based on the light intensity of the recording holographic field when the polarization state of incident light keeps constant. Our work could enrich the field of light manipulation and holography.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yong-Qiang Liu, Yong Zhu, Hongcheng Yin, Jinhai Sun, Yan Wang, and Yongxing Che
Controlling the dispersion characteristic of metasurfaces (or metalenses) along a broad bandwidth is of great importance to develop high-performance broadband metadevices. Different from traditional lenses that rely on the material refractive index along the light trajectory, metasurfaces or metalenses provide a new regime of dispersion control via a sub-wavelength metastructure, which is known as negative chromatic dispersion. However, broadband metalenses design with high-performance focusing especially with a reduced device dimension is a significant challenge in society. Here, we design, fabricate, and demonstrate a broadband high-performance diffractive-type plasmonic metalens based on a circular split-ring resonator metasurface with a relative working bandwidth of 28.6%. The metalens thickness is only 0.09λ0 (λ0 is at the central wavelength), which is much thinner than previous broadband all-dielectric metalenses. The full-wave simulation results show that both high transmissive efficiency above 80% (the maximum is even above 90%) and high average focusing efficiency above 45% (the maximum is 56%) are achieved within the entire working bandwidth of 9–12 GHz. Moreover, an average high numerical aperture of 0.7 (NA=0.7) of high-efficiency microwave metalens is obtained in the simulations. The broadband high-performance metalens is also fabricated and experimental measurements verify its much higher average focusing efficiency of 55% (the maximum is above 65% within the broad bandwidth) and a moderate high NA of 0.6. The proposed plasmonic metalens can facilitate the development of wavelength-dependent broadband diffractive devices and is also meaningful to further studies on arbitrary dispersion control in diffractive optics based on plasmonic metasurfaces.
{"title":"Broadband high-efficiency plasmonic metalens with negative dispersion characteristic","authors":"Yong-Qiang Liu, Yong Zhu, Hongcheng Yin, Jinhai Sun, Yan Wang, and Yongxing Che","doi":"10.1364/prj.513990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.513990","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling the dispersion characteristic of metasurfaces (or metalenses) along a broad bandwidth is of great importance to develop high-performance broadband metadevices. Different from traditional lenses that rely on the material refractive index along the light trajectory, metasurfaces or metalenses provide a new regime of dispersion control via a sub-wavelength metastructure, which is known as negative chromatic dispersion. However, broadband metalenses design with high-performance focusing especially with a reduced device dimension is a significant challenge in society. Here, we design, fabricate, and demonstrate a broadband high-performance diffractive-type plasmonic metalens based on a circular split-ring resonator metasurface with a relative working bandwidth of 28.6%. The metalens thickness is only <span><span style=\"color: inherit;\"><span><span><span>0.09</span><span><span style=\"margin-right: 0.05em;\">λ</span><span style=\"vertical-align: -0.4em;\">0</span></span></span></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math display=\"inline\"><mrow><mn>0.09</mn><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math></script></span> (<span><span style=\"color: inherit;\"><span><span><span><span style=\"margin-right: 0.05em;\">λ</span><span style=\"vertical-align: -0.4em;\">0</span></span></span></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math display=\"inline\"><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math></script></span> is at the central wavelength), which is much thinner than previous broadband all-dielectric metalenses. The full-wave simulation results show that both high transmissive efficiency above 80% (the maximum is even above 90%) and high average focusing efficiency above 45% (the maximum is 56%) are achieved within the entire working bandwidth of 9–12 GHz. Moreover, an average high numerical aperture of 0.7 (<span><span style=\"color: inherit;\"><span><span><span>NA</span><span style=\"margin-left: 0.333em; margin-right: 0.333em;\">=</span><span>0.7</span></span></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math display=\"inline\"><mrow><mi>NA</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.7</mn></mrow></math></script></span>) of high-efficiency microwave metalens is obtained in the simulations. The broadband high-performance metalens is also fabricated and experimental measurements verify its much higher average focusing efficiency of 55% (the maximum is above 65% within the broad bandwidth) and a moderate high NA of 0.6. The proposed plasmonic metalens can facilitate the development of wavelength-dependent broadband diffractive devices and is also meaningful to further studies on arbitrary dispersion control in diffractive optics based on plasmonic metasurfaces.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140322080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Shi, Yingchuan He, Jianlin Wang, Lulu Zhou, Jianwei Chen, Liwei Zhou, Zeyu Xi, Zhen Wang, Ke Fang, and Yiming Li
Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) enables three-dimensional (3D) investigation of nanoscale structures in biological samples, offering unique insights into their organization. However, traditional 3D super-resolution microscopy using high numerical aperture (NA) objectives is limited by imaging depth of field (DOF), restricting their practical application to relatively thin biological samples. Here, we developed a unified solution for thick sample super-resolution imaging using a deformable mirror (DM) which served for fast remote focusing, optimized point spread function (PSF) engineering, and accurate aberration correction. By effectively correcting the system aberrations introduced during remote focusing and sample aberrations at different imaging depths, we achieved high-accuracy, large DOF imaging (∼8μm) of the whole-cell organelles [i.e., nuclear pore complex (NPC), microtubules, and mitochondria] with a nearly uniform resolution of approximately 35 nm across the entire cellular volume.
{"title":"Aberration correction for deformable-mirror-based remote focusing enables high-accuracy whole-cell super-resolution imaging","authors":"Wei Shi, Yingchuan He, Jianlin Wang, Lulu Zhou, Jianwei Chen, Liwei Zhou, Zeyu Xi, Zhen Wang, Ke Fang, and Yiming Li","doi":"10.1364/prj.514414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.514414","url":null,"abstract":"Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) enables three-dimensional (3D) investigation of nanoscale structures in biological samples, offering unique insights into their organization. However, traditional 3D super-resolution microscopy using high numerical aperture (NA) objectives is limited by imaging depth of field (DOF), restricting their practical application to relatively thin biological samples. Here, we developed a unified solution for thick sample super-resolution imaging using a deformable mirror (DM) which served for fast remote focusing, optimized point spread function (PSF) engineering, and accurate aberration correction. By effectively correcting the system aberrations introduced during remote focusing and sample aberrations at different imaging depths, we achieved high-accuracy, large DOF imaging (<span><span style=\"color: inherit;\"><span><span><span style=\"margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 0em;\">∼</span><span>8</span><span> </span><span>μm</span></span></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math display=\"inline\"><mrow><mo form=\"prefix\" lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">∼</mo><mn>8</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi>μm</mi></mrow></math></script></span>) of the whole-cell organelles [i.e., nuclear pore complex (NPC), microtubules, and mitochondria] with a nearly uniform resolution of approximately 35 nm across the entire cellular volume.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140322029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiarui Li, Taoran Le, Hongyuan Zhang, Haoyun Wei, and Yan Li
Brillouin microscopy, which maps the elastic modulus from the frequency shift of scattered light, has evolved to a faster speed for the investigation of rapid biomechanical changes. Impulsive stimulated Brillouin scattering (ISBS) spectroscopy has the potential to speed up measurement through the resonant amplification interaction from pulsed excitation and time-domain continuous detection. However, significant progress has not been achieved due to the limitation in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the corresponding need for excessive averaging to maintain high spectral precision. Moreover, the limited spatial resolution also hinders its application in mechanical imaging. Here, by scrutinizing the SNR model, we design a high-speed ISBS microscope through multi-parameter optimization including phase, reference power, and acquisition time. Leveraging this, with the further assistance of the Matrix Pencil method for data processing, three-dimensional mechanical images are mapped under multiple contrast mechanisms for a millimeter-scale polydimethylsiloxane pattern immersed in methanol, enabling the identification of these two transparent materials without any contact or labeling. Our experimental results demonstrate the capability to maintain high spectral precision and resolution at a sub-millisecond integration time for one pixel. With a two-order improvement in the speed and a tenfold improvement in the spatial resolution over the state-of-the-art systems, this method makes it possible for ISBS microscopes to sensitively investigate rapid mechanical changes in time and space.
{"title":"High-speed impulsive stimulated Brillouin microscopy","authors":"Jiarui Li, Taoran Le, Hongyuan Zhang, Haoyun Wei, and Yan Li","doi":"10.1364/prj.509922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.509922","url":null,"abstract":"Brillouin microscopy, which maps the elastic modulus from the frequency shift of scattered light, has evolved to a faster speed for the investigation of rapid biomechanical changes. Impulsive stimulated Brillouin scattering (ISBS) spectroscopy has the potential to speed up measurement through the resonant amplification interaction from pulsed excitation and time-domain continuous detection. However, significant progress has not been achieved due to the limitation in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the corresponding need for excessive averaging to maintain high spectral precision. Moreover, the limited spatial resolution also hinders its application in mechanical imaging. Here, by scrutinizing the SNR model, we design a high-speed ISBS microscope through multi-parameter optimization including phase, reference power, and acquisition time. Leveraging this, with the further assistance of the Matrix Pencil method for data processing, three-dimensional mechanical images are mapped under multiple contrast mechanisms for a millimeter-scale polydimethylsiloxane pattern immersed in methanol, enabling the identification of these two transparent materials without any contact or labeling. Our experimental results demonstrate the capability to maintain high spectral precision and resolution at a sub-millisecond integration time for one pixel. With a two-order improvement in the speed and a tenfold improvement in the spatial resolution over the state-of-the-art systems, this method makes it possible for ISBS microscopes to sensitively investigate rapid mechanical changes in time and space.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140340748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baoqi Shi, Yi-Han Luo, Wei Sun, Yue Hu, Jinbao Long, Xue Bai, Anting Wang, and Junqiu Liu
Tunable lasers, with the ability to continuously vary their emission wavelengths, have found widespread applications across various fields such as biomedical imaging, coherent ranging, optical communications, and spectroscopy. In these applications, a wide chirp range is advantageous for large spectral coverage and high frequency resolution. Besides, the frequency accuracy and precision also depend critically on the chirp linearity of the laser. While extensive efforts have been made on the development of many kinds of frequency-agile, widely tunable, narrow-linewidth lasers, wideband yet precise methods to characterize and linearize laser chirp dynamics are also demanded. Here we present an approach to characterize laser chirp dynamics using an optical frequency comb. The instantaneous laser frequency is tracked over terahertz bandwidth at 1 MHz intervals. Using this approach we calibrate the chirp performance of 12 tunable lasers from Toptica, Santec, New Focus, EXFO, and NKT that are commonly used in fiber optics and integrated photonics. In addition, with acquired knowledge of laser chirp dynamics, we demonstrate a simple frequency-linearization scheme that enables coherent ranging without any optical or electronic linearization unit. Our approach not only presents novel wideband, high-resolution laser spectroscopy, but is also critical for sensing applications with ever-increasing requirements on performance.
{"title":"Frequency-comb-linearized, widely tunable lasers for coherent ranging","authors":"Baoqi Shi, Yi-Han Luo, Wei Sun, Yue Hu, Jinbao Long, Xue Bai, Anting Wang, and Junqiu Liu","doi":"10.1364/prj.510795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.510795","url":null,"abstract":"Tunable lasers, with the ability to continuously vary their emission wavelengths, have found widespread applications across various fields such as biomedical imaging, coherent ranging, optical communications, and spectroscopy. In these applications, a wide chirp range is advantageous for large spectral coverage and high frequency resolution. Besides, the frequency accuracy and precision also depend critically on the chirp linearity of the laser. While extensive efforts have been made on the development of many kinds of frequency-agile, widely tunable, narrow-linewidth lasers, wideband yet precise methods to characterize and linearize laser chirp dynamics are also demanded. Here we present an approach to characterize laser chirp dynamics using an optical frequency comb. The instantaneous laser frequency is tracked over terahertz bandwidth at 1 MHz intervals. Using this approach we calibrate the chirp performance of 12 tunable lasers from Toptica, Santec, New Focus, EXFO, and NKT that are commonly used in fiber optics and integrated photonics. In addition, with acquired knowledge of laser chirp dynamics, we demonstrate a simple frequency-linearization scheme that enables coherent ranging without any optical or electronic linearization unit. Our approach not only presents novel wideband, high-resolution laser spectroscopy, but is also critical for sensing applications with ever-increasing requirements on performance.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140182881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilya Kondratyev, Veronika Ivanova, Suren Fldzhyan, Artem Argenchiev, Nikita Kostyuchenko, Sergey Zhuravitskii, Nikolay Skryabin, Ivan Dyakonov, Mikhail Saygin, Stanislav Straupe, Alexander Korneev, and Sergei Kulik
We introduce a programmable eight-port interferometer with the recently proposed error-tolerant architecture capable of performing a broad class of transformations. The interferometer has been fabricated with femtosecond laser writing, and it is the largest programmable interferometer of this kind to date. We have demonstrated its advantageous error tolerance by showing an operation in a broad wavelength range from 920 to 980 nm, which is particularly relevant for quantum photonics due to efficient photon sources existing in this wavelength range. Our work highlights the importance of developing novel architectures of programmable photonics for information processing.
{"title":"Large-scale error-tolerant programmable interferometer fabricated by femtosecond laser writing","authors":"Ilya Kondratyev, Veronika Ivanova, Suren Fldzhyan, Artem Argenchiev, Nikita Kostyuchenko, Sergey Zhuravitskii, Nikolay Skryabin, Ivan Dyakonov, Mikhail Saygin, Stanislav Straupe, Alexander Korneev, and Sergei Kulik","doi":"10.1364/prj.504588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.504588","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a programmable eight-port interferometer with the recently proposed error-tolerant architecture capable of performing a broad class of transformations. The interferometer has been fabricated with femtosecond laser writing, and it is the largest programmable interferometer of this kind to date. We have demonstrated its advantageous error tolerance by showing an operation in a broad wavelength range from 920 to 980 nm, which is particularly relevant for quantum photonics due to efficient photon sources existing in this wavelength range. Our work highlights the importance of developing novel architectures of programmable photonics for information processing.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140015512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atomic arrays provide an important quantum optical platform with photon-mediated dipole–dipole interactions that can be engineered to realize key applications in quantum information processing. A major obstacle for such applications is the fast decay of the excited states. By controlling two-band Bloch oscillations of single excitation in an atomic array under an external magnetic field, here we show that exotic subradiance can be realized and maintained with orders of magnitude longer than the spontaneous decay time in atomic arrays with the finite size. The key finding is to show a way for preventing the wavepacket of excited states scattering into the dissipative zone inside the free space light cone, which therefore leads to the excitation staying at a subradiant state for an extremely long decay time. We show that such operation can be achieved by introducing a spatially linear potential from the external magnetic field in the atomic arrays and then manipulating interconnected two-band Bloch oscillations along opposite directions. Our results also point out the possibility of controllable switching between superradiant and subradiant states, which leads to potential applications in quantum storage.
{"title":"Extreme single-excitation subradiance from two-band Bloch oscillations in atomic arrays","authors":"Luojia Wang, Da-Wei Wang, Luqi Yuan, Yaping Yang, and Xianfeng Chen","doi":"10.1364/prj.506450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.506450","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic arrays provide an important quantum optical platform with photon-mediated dipole–dipole interactions that can be engineered to realize key applications in quantum information processing. A major obstacle for such applications is the fast decay of the excited states. By controlling two-band Bloch oscillations of single excitation in an atomic array under an external magnetic field, here we show that exotic subradiance can be realized and maintained with orders of magnitude longer than the spontaneous decay time in atomic arrays with the finite size. The key finding is to show a way for preventing the wavepacket of excited states scattering into the dissipative zone inside the free space light cone, which therefore leads to the excitation staying at a subradiant state for an extremely long decay time. We show that such operation can be achieved by introducing a spatially linear potential from the external magnetic field in the atomic arrays and then manipulating interconnected two-band Bloch oscillations along opposite directions. Our results also point out the possibility of controllable switching between superradiant and subradiant states, which leads to potential applications in quantum storage.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140015515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Josep Martínez-Romeu, Iago Diez, Sebastian Golat, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Fortuño, and Alejandro Martínez
We calculate numerically the optical chiral forces in rectangular cross-section dielectric waveguides for potential enantiomer separation. Our study considers force strength and time needed for separating chiral nanoparticles, mainly via quasi-TE guided modes at short wavelengths (405 nm) and the 90°-phase-shifted combination of quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes at longer wavelengths (1310 nm). Particle tracking simulations show successful enantiomer separation within two seconds. These results suggest the feasibility of enantiomeric separation of nanoparticles displaying sufficient chirality using simple silicon photonic integrated circuits, with wavelength selection based on the nanoparticle size.
{"title":"Chiral forces in longitudinally invariant dielectric photonic waveguides","authors":"Josep Martínez-Romeu, Iago Diez, Sebastian Golat, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Fortuño, and Alejandro Martínez","doi":"10.1364/prj.509634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.509634","url":null,"abstract":"We calculate numerically the optical chiral forces in rectangular cross-section dielectric waveguides for potential enantiomer separation. Our study considers force strength and time needed for separating chiral nanoparticles, mainly via quasi-TE guided modes at short wavelengths (405 nm) and the 90°-phase-shifted combination of quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes at longer wavelengths (1310 nm). Particle tracking simulations show successful enantiomer separation within two seconds. These results suggest the feasibility of enantiomeric separation of nanoparticles displaying sufficient chirality using simple silicon photonic integrated circuits, with wavelength selection based on the nanoparticle size.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"258 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Second-order topological photonic crystals support localized corner modes that deviate from the conventional bulk-edge correspondence. However, the frequency shift of corner modes spanning the photonic band gap has not been experimentally reported. Here, we observe the gapless corner modes of photonic crystal slabs within a parameter space by considering translation as an additional synthetic dimension. These corner modes, protected by topological pumping in synthetic translation dimensions, are found to exist independently of the specific corner configuration. The gapless corner modes are experimentally imaged via the near-field scanning measurement and validated numerically by full-wave simulations. We propose a topological rainbow with gradient translation, demonstrating the ability to extract and separate specific frequency components of light into different spatial locations. Our work contributes to the advancement of topological photonics and provides valuable insights into the exploration of gapless corner modes in synthetic dimensions.
{"title":"Observation of gapless corner modes of photonic crystal slabs in synthetic translation dimensions","authors":"Wen-Jin Zhang, Hao-Chang Mo, Wen-Jie Chen, Xiao-Dong Chen, and Jian-Wen Dong","doi":"10.1364/prj.506167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.506167","url":null,"abstract":"Second-order topological photonic crystals support localized corner modes that deviate from the conventional bulk-edge correspondence. However, the frequency shift of corner modes spanning the photonic band gap has not been experimentally reported. Here, we observe the gapless corner modes of photonic crystal slabs within a parameter space by considering translation as an additional synthetic dimension. These corner modes, protected by topological pumping in synthetic translation dimensions, are found to exist independently of the specific corner configuration. The gapless corner modes are experimentally imaged via the near-field scanning measurement and validated numerically by full-wave simulations. We propose a topological rainbow with gradient translation, demonstrating the ability to extract and separate specific frequency components of light into different spatial locations. Our work contributes to the advancement of topological photonics and provides valuable insights into the exploration of gapless corner modes in synthetic dimensions.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140015418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ming Hui Fang, Yinong Xie, Fangqi Xue, Zhilin Wu, Jun Shi, Sheng Yu Yang, Yilin Liu, Zhihuang Liu, Hsin Chi Wang, Fajun Li, Qing Huo Liu, and Jinfeng Zhu
Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators based on lithium tantalate (LT, LiTaO3) wafers are crucial elements of mobile communication filters. The use of intrinsic LT wafers typically brings about low fabrication accuracy of SAW resonators due to strong UV reflection in the lithography process. This hinders their resonance frequency control seriously in industrial manufacture. LT doping and chemical reduction could be applied to decrease the UV reflection of LT wafers for high lithographic precision. However, conventional methods fail to provide a fast and nondestructive approach to identify the UV performance of standard single-side polished LT wafers for high-precision frequency control. Here, we propose a convenient on-line sensing scheme based on the colorimetry of reduced Fe-doped LT wafers and build up an automatic testing system for industrial applications. The levels of Fe doping and chemical reduction are evaluated by the lightness and color difference of LT-based wafers. The correlation between the wafer visible colorimetry and UV reflection is established to refine the lithography process and specifically manipulate the frequency performance of SAW resonators. Our study provides a powerful tool for the fabrication control of SAW resonators and will inspire more applications on sophisticated devices of mobile communication.
{"title":"Optical colorimetric LiTaO3 wafers for high-precision lithography on frequency control of SAW devices","authors":"Ming Hui Fang, Yinong Xie, Fangqi Xue, Zhilin Wu, Jun Shi, Sheng Yu Yang, Yilin Liu, Zhihuang Liu, Hsin Chi Wang, Fajun Li, Qing Huo Liu, and Jinfeng Zhu","doi":"10.1364/prj.499795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/prj.499795","url":null,"abstract":"Surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators based on lithium tantalate (LT, <span><span style=\"color: inherit;\"><span><span><span><span style=\"margin-right: 0.05em;\"><span>LiTaO</span></span><span style=\"vertical-align: -0.4em;\">3</span></span></span></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math display=\"inline\"><mrow><msub><mrow><mtext>LiTaO</mtext></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></script></span>) wafers are crucial elements of mobile communication filters. The use of intrinsic LT wafers typically brings about low fabrication accuracy of SAW resonators due to strong UV reflection in the lithography process. This hinders their resonance frequency control seriously in industrial manufacture. LT doping and chemical reduction could be applied to decrease the UV reflection of LT wafers for high lithographic precision. However, conventional methods fail to provide a fast and nondestructive approach to identify the UV performance of standard single-side polished LT wafers for high-precision frequency control. Here, we propose a convenient on-line sensing scheme based on the colorimetry of reduced Fe-doped LT wafers and build up an automatic testing system for industrial applications. The levels of Fe doping and chemical reduction are evaluated by the lightness and color difference of LT-based wafers. The correlation between the wafer visible colorimetry and UV reflection is established to refine the lithography process and specifically manipulate the frequency performance of SAW resonators. Our study provides a powerful tool for the fabrication control of SAW resonators and will inspire more applications on sophisticated devices of mobile communication.","PeriodicalId":20048,"journal":{"name":"Photonics Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139660713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：