Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.46660/ijeeg.v14i1.121
Ihsanud Din Khan, Safi Ur Rehman, Umair Hassan
In developing countries like Pakistan which are bestowed by nature with huge deposits of minerals arelargely run by small scale mining, and mostly result in wasting precious deposits by adopting conventional miningmethods neglecting the health and safety aspect. This research endeavour analyzed the techno-economic aspects ofvarious mining methods for extraction of dimension stone in chitral region and proposed a suitable mining methodbased on these aspects. Seven different deposits of dimension stone were taken as case studies to evaluate the proposedapproach. For each deposit, twelve criteria were compared as per the procedure of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).These aspects are quality, quantity, mining cost, infrastructure, mining and processing losses, mining time, equipment’sperformance, skilled labour, work capacity to fragment the deposits, benching and safety. Whereas, the alternatives aremechanized mining, material expansion/controlled blasting and conventional mining. The criteria were compared andmethods suitable for each deposit were suggested.
{"title":"Techno-Economic Aspect of Dimension Stone Mining In Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa","authors":"Ihsanud Din Khan, Safi Ur Rehman, Umair Hassan","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v14i1.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v14i1.121","url":null,"abstract":"In developing countries like Pakistan which are bestowed by nature with huge deposits of minerals arelargely run by small scale mining, and mostly result in wasting precious deposits by adopting conventional miningmethods neglecting the health and safety aspect. This research endeavour analyzed the techno-economic aspects ofvarious mining methods for extraction of dimension stone in chitral region and proposed a suitable mining methodbased on these aspects. Seven different deposits of dimension stone were taken as case studies to evaluate the proposedapproach. For each deposit, twelve criteria were compared as per the procedure of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).These aspects are quality, quantity, mining cost, infrastructure, mining and processing losses, mining time, equipment’sperformance, skilled labour, work capacity to fragment the deposits, benching and safety. Whereas, the alternatives aremechanized mining, material expansion/controlled blasting and conventional mining. The criteria were compared andmethods suitable for each deposit were suggested.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121054749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.46660/ijeeg.v14i1.117
Ibrahim Çınar, Cem Şensöğüt
In this work, the statistics of occupational accidents occurring in Turkey were evaluated by using SSI (SocialSecurity Institution of Turkey) statistics between 2007-2021 and the European Union (EU) Statistical Office(EUROSTAT) data between 2011-2020. Additionally, this has been evaluated by comparing the statistics of occupationalaccidents in the European Union (EU) countries and Turkey, and it is observed that the measures taken to prevent fataloccupational accidents are not at a sufficient level compared to EU countries. However, the improvement in theoccupational accident severity rate provided by the legal regulations made in 2012 indicates that more favorable workingenvironments can be provided in the long run
{"title":"Evaluation of Occupational Accidents’ Statistics in Turkey","authors":"Ibrahim Çınar, Cem Şensöğüt","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v14i1.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v14i1.117","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the statistics of occupational accidents occurring in Turkey were evaluated by using SSI (SocialSecurity Institution of Turkey) statistics between 2007-2021 and the European Union (EU) Statistical Office(EUROSTAT) data between 2011-2020. Additionally, this has been evaluated by comparing the statistics of occupationalaccidents in the European Union (EU) countries and Turkey, and it is observed that the measures taken to prevent fataloccupational accidents are not at a sufficient level compared to EU countries. However, the improvement in theoccupational accident severity rate provided by the legal regulations made in 2012 indicates that more favorable workingenvironments can be provided in the long run","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127639082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.46660/ijeeg.v12i2.105
Z. Rehman, S. Hussain, M. Tahir, N. Mohammad, S. Sherin, N. Dasti
Empirical and numerical methods of design play a vital role in assessing rock mass behaviour quantitatively and qualitatively for the design of underground structures and support systems. The purpose of this research is to review the techniques used for the management and prevention of failures that occur in rock mass for safe, stable, efficient, and economical design of support system for underground structures especially tunnels in diverse rock mass conditions. Failure of tunnels in rocks can occur during construction as well as during service; however, the former is very common. The most challenging task in tunnel construction is the rehabilitation and remedial process of the failed tunnel section. Unfortunately, due to differences in nature, shape, and type of failure, each case needs to be treated discretely and independently. The risk of failure can be minimized by implementing prior preventive measures, while the success of rehabilitation is based on better management of rehabilitation work. However, both prevention and rehabilitation need ample investigative knowledge that can be learned from case histories. The current work is related to the prevention and mitigation methods of tunnel failure and collapses that occur during the early stages of tunnel designing.
{"title":"Prevention and Mitigation Management of Tunnel Collapse and Failure during Construction-A Review","authors":"Z. Rehman, S. Hussain, M. Tahir, N. Mohammad, S. Sherin, N. Dasti","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v12i2.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v12i2.105","url":null,"abstract":"Empirical and numerical methods of design play a vital role in assessing rock mass behaviour quantitatively and qualitatively for the design of underground structures and support systems. The purpose of this research is to review the techniques used for the management and prevention of failures that occur in rock mass for safe, stable, efficient, and economical design of support system for underground structures especially tunnels in diverse rock mass conditions. Failure of tunnels in rocks can occur during construction as well as during service; however, the former is very common. The most challenging task in tunnel construction is the rehabilitation and remedial process of the failed tunnel section. Unfortunately, due to differences in nature, shape, and type of failure, each case needs to be treated discretely and independently. The risk of failure can be minimized by implementing prior preventive measures, while the success of rehabilitation is based on better management of rehabilitation work. However, both prevention and rehabilitation need ample investigative knowledge that can be learned from case histories. The current work is related to the prevention and mitigation methods of tunnel failure and collapses that occur during the early stages of tunnel designing.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124976351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is an increased demand for high-quality drinking water, which requires the removal of hazardous contaminants emerging from municipal, agricultural, and industrial effluents. An approach towards safe drinking water requires the implementation of various treatment processes for water emerging from natural resources as well as coming in the form of industrial wastewater. Pollutants in water bodies may be present in multiple states, including large suspended particles, dissolved chemical substances, in the form of microorganisms or suspended solids. Over the last few years, researchers have concentrated on developing a practical methodology for extracting pollutants from wastewater. During the course of time, although many advanced and complex wastewater treatment processes have evolved, yet adsorption has its own importance. Owing to its simple operation process, low cost, and less sludge formation, adsorption is being considered the most promising technique for wastewater treatment. In this regard, nanomaterial adsorbents have become a topic of great interest owing to their exceptional properties such as high adsorption strength, greater surface area, and chemical stability. Keeping in view, key features of nanoparticles, researchers have explored the applications of various adsorbents at the nanoscale in addressing wastewater treatment issues. The present review focuses on the use of nano-adsorbents in treating various industrial effluents and also provides a comparative assay in terms of the advantages and drawbacks of these nano-adsorbents, employed in removing hazardous contaminants from industrial effluents.
{"title":"Use of Nano-Sized Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment: A Review","authors":"S. Sarfraz, H. Ullah, S. Sikandar, A. Raza","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i1.14","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increased demand for high-quality drinking water, which requires the removal of hazardous contaminants emerging from municipal, agricultural, and industrial effluents. An approach towards safe drinking water requires the implementation of various treatment processes for water emerging from natural resources as well as coming in the form of industrial wastewater. Pollutants in water bodies may be present in multiple states, including large suspended particles, dissolved chemical substances, in the form of microorganisms or suspended solids. Over the last few years, researchers have concentrated on developing a practical methodology for extracting pollutants from wastewater. During the course of time, although many advanced and complex wastewater treatment processes have evolved, yet adsorption has its own importance. Owing to its simple operation process, low cost, and less sludge formation, adsorption is being considered the most promising technique for wastewater treatment. In this regard, nanomaterial adsorbents have become a topic of great interest owing to their exceptional properties such as high adsorption strength, greater surface area, and chemical stability. Keeping in view, key features of nanoparticles, researchers have explored the applications of various adsorbents at the nanoscale in addressing wastewater treatment issues. The present review focuses on the use of nano-adsorbents in treating various industrial effluents and also provides a comparative assay in terms of the advantages and drawbacks of these nano-adsorbents, employed in removing hazardous contaminants from industrial effluents.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"483 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133929819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irfan Raza, Bakhtawar Farooq, S. Khurram, P. Khalid, Muhammad irfan Ehsan, S. Muhammad
Lahore is the provincial capital of Punjab and the second most populous city in Pakistan. Aquifer rechargerates have been continuously decreasing over a long period of time, which has caused a significant decline in the watertable level. Rapid population growth, urban development, and industrialization have all raised the demand for watersupplies. Due to significant infrastructural development, a considerable portion of the land is now impervious andrainfall now drains as surface runoff rather than recharging the aquifer level. Average annual rainfall, one of theprimary sources used to replenish the Lahore aquifer, is insufficient to prevent the depletion of the water table, andRiver Ravi stays almost dry except in rainy seasons. Geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS)techniques are used to find suitable areas for replenishment in the Lahore aquifer system in order to enhancesustainability and prevent decreasing groundwater levels. Distance from the water channel, land use/land cover(LULC), slope, geology, drainage density, rainfall, lineament density, and soil type are the eight layers that have beenintegrated with the GIS overlay analysis. Thematic maps are generated using both conventional and remote sensingdata. These maps are eventually converted to raster data. Very good, good, moderate, poor, and very poor are the fivezones that have been delineated. A good to very good
{"title":"Delineation of Ground Water Recharge Potential Zones in Lahore District, Punjab, Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques","authors":"Irfan Raza, Bakhtawar Farooq, S. Khurram, P. Khalid, Muhammad irfan Ehsan, S. Muhammad","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.47","url":null,"abstract":"Lahore is the provincial capital of Punjab and the second most populous city in Pakistan. Aquifer rechargerates have been continuously decreasing over a long period of time, which has caused a significant decline in the watertable level. Rapid population growth, urban development, and industrialization have all raised the demand for watersupplies. Due to significant infrastructural development, a considerable portion of the land is now impervious andrainfall now drains as surface runoff rather than recharging the aquifer level. Average annual rainfall, one of theprimary sources used to replenish the Lahore aquifer, is insufficient to prevent the depletion of the water table, andRiver Ravi stays almost dry except in rainy seasons. Geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS)techniques are used to find suitable areas for replenishment in the Lahore aquifer system in order to enhancesustainability and prevent decreasing groundwater levels. Distance from the water channel, land use/land cover(LULC), slope, geology, drainage density, rainfall, lineament density, and soil type are the eight layers that have beenintegrated with the GIS overlay analysis. Thematic maps are generated using both conventional and remote sensingdata. These maps are eventually converted to raster data. Very good, good, moderate, poor, and very poor are the fivezones that have been delineated. A good to very good","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128120267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Galur and Lendah areas are in the southeastern part of Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This area has become a developing area because of the new airport in this district. Along with its development, the need for groundwater in this area is increasing, so groundwater research is also increasingly needed. A study on groundwater is required to support the development of this region. This time, a groundwater study was conducted to determine the potential for the recharge-discharge zone, also groundwater flow patterns based on the chemical facies of the groundwater. The hydrogeological survey was carried out with groundwater sampling from 9 (nine) dug wells and 1 () spring for physical/chemical testing of groundwater in the laboratory. The results showed groundwater in the study area generally flows south or northwest, with a radial pattern anomaly in the north. The shallow groundwater studied was bicarbonate type with Ca, Na, and Mg cations variations. The groundwater facies characterizes groundwater that is typical in the catchment
{"title":"Recharge Zone of Shallow Groundwater at Southeastern Part of Kulon Progo District Area based on Groundwater Facies","authors":"T. A, I. A. Prabowo","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.46","url":null,"abstract":"The Galur and Lendah areas are in the southeastern part of Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This area has become a developing area because of the new airport in this district. Along with its development, the need for groundwater in this area is increasing, so groundwater research is also increasingly needed. A study on groundwater is required to support the development of this region. This time, a groundwater study was conducted to determine the potential for the recharge-discharge zone, also groundwater flow patterns based on the chemical facies of the groundwater. The hydrogeological survey was carried out with groundwater sampling from 9 (nine) dug wells and 1 () spring for physical/chemical testing of groundwater in the laboratory. The results showed groundwater in the study area generally flows south or northwest, with a radial pattern anomaly in the north. The shallow groundwater studied was bicarbonate type with Ca, Na, and Mg cations variations. The groundwater facies characterizes groundwater that is typical in the catchment","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129439927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Khan, Chirag Dost, F. Murad, A. Muhammad, Farooq Ahmed
Geomorphic parameters are very helpful as they can quickly explain the concerned area, which is going through a tectonic adjustment. For this purpose, four indices were applied to examine the active tectonics in the Quetta-Ziarat region. These indices include: sub-basins asymmetry (Af), transverse topography (T-Factor), hypsometric integral (HI) and stream-length gradient (SL). The calculation of the three indices as denoted by Af, HI and SL show low active tectonics, whereas T-Factor suggests moderate to high level of tectonic activity. While index of active tectonics (IAT) indicated a low to moderate level of active tectonics. In addition, these indices are compared with lithological and climatic consequences to detect the final neotectonics judgement.
{"title":"Neotectonic Activity in Quetta-Ziarat Region, Northwest Quetta City, Pakistan","authors":"W. Khan, Chirag Dost, F. Murad, A. Muhammad, Farooq Ahmed","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.49","url":null,"abstract":"Geomorphic parameters are very helpful as they can quickly explain the concerned area, which is going through a tectonic adjustment. For this purpose, four indices were applied to examine the active tectonics in the Quetta-Ziarat region. These indices include: sub-basins asymmetry (Af), transverse topography (T-Factor), hypsometric integral (HI) and stream-length gradient (SL). The calculation of the three indices as denoted by Af, HI and SL show low active tectonics, whereas T-Factor suggests moderate to high level of tectonic activity. While index of active tectonics (IAT) indicated a low to moderate level of active tectonics. In addition, these indices are compared with lithological and climatic consequences to detect the final neotectonics judgement.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130748789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunila Abdul Wassey, S. Shafeeq, J. A. Butt, Ahmed Jamil
One of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) utilized globally between the 1930s and 1980s was polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Even though their usage has been severely constrained, a lot of PCBs are still present in the environment, including soils and air. This local, national, international and governmental organizations regarding polychlorinated biphenyls and how can resolve and treat the problem sustainably. This can be achieved if seriously working on degrading persistent organic pollutants, especially polychlorinated biphenyls biologically via thorough research and sound implementation. The methods opted for remediation by the use of choosing suitable types of microorganisms and plants. These methods are practically active for the identification of the source, concentration level and effects on the ecosystem. It would help in developing appropriate strategy and data generation in formulating the inventories for the management of polychlorinated biphenyls in the future. It is also noted through numerous research that polychlorinated biphenyls are also found in human blood commonly analyzed by indicator congeners such as PCB 138,153, 180, and in air and soil markers of PCBs pollution include PCB congeners 28, 52,101,138,153 and 180 as well. The methods and mechanisms described for degrading the persistent pollutant in this research review the solutions for mitigating PCB pollution in an environment. The best option is to strictly ban it in Pakistan or weightage its usage with its multiple benefits and disadvantages. Promote biological treatment if the payback is healthy and environmentally sustainable.
{"title":"Remediation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) through Bio and Phytoremediation in the Environment: A Review Study","authors":"Sunila Abdul Wassey, S. Shafeeq, J. A. Butt, Ahmed Jamil","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.45","url":null,"abstract":"One of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) utilized globally between the 1930s and 1980s was polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Even though their usage has been severely constrained, a lot of PCBs are still present in the environment, including soils and air. This local, national, international and governmental organizations regarding polychlorinated biphenyls and how can resolve and treat the problem sustainably. This can be achieved if seriously working on degrading persistent organic pollutants, especially polychlorinated biphenyls biologically via thorough research and sound implementation. The methods opted for remediation by the use of choosing suitable types of microorganisms and plants. These methods are practically active for the identification of the source, concentration level and effects on the ecosystem. It would help in developing appropriate strategy and data generation in formulating the inventories for the management of polychlorinated biphenyls in the future. It is also noted through numerous research that polychlorinated biphenyls are also found in human blood commonly analyzed by indicator congeners such as PCB 138,153, 180, and in air and soil markers of PCBs pollution include PCB congeners 28, 52,101,138,153 and 180 as well. The methods and mechanisms described for degrading the persistent pollutant in this research review the solutions for mitigating PCB pollution in an environment. The best option is to strictly ban it in Pakistan or weightage its usage with its multiple benefits and disadvantages. Promote biological treatment if the payback is healthy and environmentally sustainable.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129737060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rainfall forecasting is critical for economic activities such as agriculture, watershed management, and flood control. It requires mathematical modelling and simulation. This paper investigates the time series analysis and forecasting of the monthly rainfall for the Sindh coastline, Pakistan. The seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model was used for the last three decades (1991-2020) and forecasting was done for the next two years. The model is based on the Box Jenkins methodology. The decomposition of time series plots into trend, seasonal and random components showed a seasonal effect. The Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) and Mann–Kendall (MK) tests showed the inherent stationarity of the rainfall data. The best SARIMA models for monthly rainfall were SARIMA (1,0,1)(3,1,1)12 and SARIMA (1,0,1)(1,1,1)12 with Akaike information criterion corrected (AICC) values of 1507 and 1387, respectively. The model predictions indicate that, in the years 2021/22, July will likely have the most rainfall, followed by August and June. The diagnostic statistical test values directed that the adequacy of the models is consistent for projected monthly rainfall forecasts.
{"title":"Rainfall forecast using SARIMA model along the coastal areas of Sindh Province","authors":"Noor Fatima, Aamir Alamgir, M. Khan","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.51","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfall forecasting is critical for economic activities such as agriculture, watershed management, and flood control. It requires mathematical modelling and simulation. This paper investigates the time series analysis and forecasting of the monthly rainfall for the Sindh coastline, Pakistan. The seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model was used for the last three decades (1991-2020) and forecasting was done for the next two years. The model is based on the Box Jenkins methodology. The decomposition of time series plots into trend, seasonal and random components showed a seasonal effect. The Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) and Mann–Kendall (MK) tests showed the inherent stationarity of the rainfall data. The best SARIMA models for monthly rainfall were SARIMA (1,0,1)(3,1,1)12 and SARIMA (1,0,1)(1,1,1)12 with Akaike information criterion corrected (AICC) values of 1507 and 1387, respectively. The model predictions indicate that, in the years 2021/22, July will likely have the most rainfall, followed by August and June. The diagnostic statistical test values directed that the adequacy of the models is consistent for projected monthly rainfall forecasts.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126033435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Khalid, Irfan Raza, S. Khurram, Muhammad irfan Ehsan, S. Muhammad
The Cretaceous shale intervals of Talhar and Sembar Formations – distributed in the Lower Indus Basin of Pakistan – are organic-rich shales that can act as shale gas plays. Two-dimensional seismic using synthetic modeling has been carried out in Khewari oil field to identify petroleum plays. This work was completed with the help of eight seismic processed and migrated lines. Based on structural interpretation different geological structures were marked. The seismic character, continuity, and coherency in seismic reflection patterns indicate that the area is under an extensional regime with normal faults pattern associated with horst and graben structure. This structure is favorable for the accumulation of hydrocarbon. The shales of Talhar and Sembar formations are overlying Chilton limestone, which is a proven reservoir. The isopach maps show that Talhar Shales and Sembar Formation are dipping towards the northeast. Precisely to characterize the reflector, a synthetic seismogram was employed to tie well tops and seismic profiles.
{"title":"Seismic Characterization to Identify Geological Structures and Petroleum Play in Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan","authors":"P. Khalid, Irfan Raza, S. Khurram, Muhammad irfan Ehsan, S. Muhammad","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.50","url":null,"abstract":"The Cretaceous shale intervals of Talhar and Sembar Formations – distributed in the Lower Indus Basin of Pakistan – are organic-rich shales that can act as shale gas plays. Two-dimensional seismic using synthetic modeling has been carried out in Khewari oil field to identify petroleum plays. This work was completed with the help of eight seismic processed and migrated lines. Based on structural interpretation different geological structures were marked. The seismic character, continuity, and coherency in seismic reflection patterns indicate that the area is under an extensional regime with normal faults pattern associated with horst and graben structure. This structure is favorable for the accumulation of hydrocarbon. The shales of Talhar and Sembar formations are overlying Chilton limestone, which is a proven reservoir. The isopach maps show that Talhar Shales and Sembar Formation are dipping towards the northeast. Precisely to characterize the reflector, a synthetic seismogram was employed to tie well tops and seismic profiles.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131952747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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