Pinyari (old Phulleli) canal off-takes from left bank of Kotri barrage is last Hydraulic structure on Indus river. This canal is passing from periphery of Hyderabad city and its design discharge is 13,636 cusecs which supplies fresh water not only for agricultural, industrial purpose and drinking purpose for the several towns and villages because groundwater in its command area is highly saline and not drinkable. The cottage factories and Hyderabad industrial area are located on nearby banks of canal. Hence, effluents from city and industrial SITE area are directly disposed off into the canal. The disposal of untreated wastewater created health and environmental safety problem. This paper presents that the analyzed results of water quality parameter ie pH, TDS, EC, Na, hardness, K, Mg, Mn, DO and BOD of collacted samples exhibit TDS 6%, K 20%, DO 67% and BOD 54%, respectively exceeded permissible limit. While pH, Na, hardness and Mn found within prescribed limits. Total coliform /E.coli (MPN/100ml) were found positive. Furthermore, the result of Water Quality Index (WQI) model reveals that water quality of canal of collected samples varies from excellent to very poor that reveals canal water is unsuitable for drinking purpose and aquatic life and also causes various waterborne diseases. Therefore, the local people are facing serious health problem by consuming water canal. With an attempt to ensure enforcement of environmental water laws in Sindh province of Pakistan for preventing degrading clean water. These environmental water laws have already been framed, but due to lake of enforcement, water pollution problems are increasing day by day. The enforcement of environmental water laws are very essential to control water pollution for safety of human health, and ecology in Sindh, Pakistan.
{"title":"Legal Framework to Control at Disposal Point Source Urban and Industrial Effluents of Hyderabad City into Pinyari (Old Phulleli) Canal off-taking from Kotri Barrage, Sindh","authors":"A. A. Mahessar, S. Shah, R. Anjum, G. M. Arain","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.24","url":null,"abstract":"Pinyari (old Phulleli) canal off-takes from left bank of Kotri barrage is last Hydraulic structure on Indus river. This canal is passing from periphery of Hyderabad city and its design discharge is 13,636 cusecs which supplies fresh water not only for agricultural, industrial purpose and drinking purpose for the several towns and villages because groundwater in its command area is highly saline and not drinkable. The cottage factories and Hyderabad industrial area are located on nearby banks of canal. Hence, effluents from city and industrial SITE area are directly disposed off into the canal. The disposal of untreated wastewater created health and environmental safety problem. This paper presents that the analyzed results of water quality parameter ie pH, TDS, EC, Na, hardness, K, Mg, Mn, DO and BOD of collacted samples exhibit TDS 6%, K 20%, DO 67% and BOD 54%, respectively exceeded permissible limit. While pH, Na, hardness and Mn found within prescribed limits. Total coliform /E.coli (MPN/100ml) were found positive. Furthermore, the result of Water Quality Index (WQI) model reveals that water quality of canal of collected samples varies from excellent to very poor that reveals canal water is unsuitable for drinking purpose and aquatic life and also causes various waterborne diseases. Therefore, the local people are facing serious health problem by consuming water canal. With an attempt to ensure enforcement of environmental water laws in Sindh province of Pakistan for preventing degrading clean water. These environmental water laws have already been framed, but due to lake of enforcement, water pollution problems are increasing day by day. The enforcement of environmental water laws are very essential to control water pollution for safety of human health, and ecology in Sindh, Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123955549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nabi Bux, Sadam Hussain Tumrani, R. A. Soomro, XiaodongJi
This study aims to make adsorption-capable zeolite from coal fly ash, a waste product from coal-fired power plants (CFA). When it comes to commercializing sorbent, the total cost and efficiency of the adsorbent material are critical. This work used tap water instead of distilled water (DW) to synthesis zeolite from fly ashes at 90°C crystallization temperatures. The discovery lays the door for a cost-effective but easy technique of synthesizing viable zeolitic materials for adsorption applications using waste products like coal fly ash. According to the comprehensive characterization, the support for the use of TP to make zeolites is based on its larger particle size, and lower carbon impurities. The generated zeolite was homogenous and A-type, and applied as an adsorbent to remove traces of heavy metals contaminants. During a 25-minute agitation period, the zeolites produced with TP had a greater adsorption capacity. In principle, the proposed approach permits the synthesis of low-cost, high-efficiency zeolite-based adsorbent materials for environmental remediation without the use of harmful or expensive chemicals.
{"title":"Synthesis of Zeolites from Coal Fly Ash and Their Environmental Application","authors":"Nabi Bux, Sadam Hussain Tumrani, R. A. Soomro, XiaodongJi","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.32","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to make adsorption-capable zeolite from coal fly ash, a waste product from coal-fired power plants (CFA). When it comes to commercializing sorbent, the total cost and efficiency of the adsorbent material are critical. This work used tap water instead of distilled water (DW) to synthesis zeolite from fly ashes at 90°C crystallization temperatures. The discovery lays the door for a cost-effective but easy technique of synthesizing viable zeolitic materials for adsorption applications using waste products like coal fly ash. According to the comprehensive characterization, the support for the use of TP to make zeolites is based on its larger particle size, and lower carbon impurities. The generated zeolite was homogenous and A-type, and applied as an adsorbent to remove traces of heavy metals contaminants. During a 25-minute agitation period, the zeolites produced with TP had a greater adsorption capacity. In principle, the proposed approach permits the synthesis of low-cost, high-efficiency zeolite-based adsorbent materials for environmental remediation without the use of harmful or expensive chemicals.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122379606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study area is located in the south-western coastal part of Bangladesh and belongs to the lower deltaic plain of the Ganges delta system, which lies in the Rampal upazila of Bagherhat district. The area is more or less flat with elevation ranges from 1.0 to 2.0 m above mean sea level (MSL) and is blanketed with fluvio-tidal deposits of sandy silt, clayey silt and clay. Right now, water logging is one of the major problems in the area. The present paper is an attempt to expose the causes of water logging as well as its consequences. The satellite images of the last few decades, existing statistical records and simultaneous field checking were employed in this study, which reveals that natural as well as anthropogenic factors are responsible for water logging problem. The rivers and their link channels in the areas are influenced by tidal water regularly. The Water Development Board (WDB) was built embankments along the river courses as well as constructed sluice gates on the head of the tidal creeks to protect the area from regular tidal flooding and sea water intrusion. During monsoon, when rivers carry huge amount of water and sediments due to torrential rain, and these rising waters overtop the natural levees which were artificially modified and raised by coastal embankments. Consequently, the sediments drop down inside the channel and near channel bank rather in the nearby tidal plain. As a result, channels are gradually congested due to siltation, whereas tidal plain areas gradually lower due to subsidence and lack of sedimentation. Moreover, many sluice gates were constructed on the river courses in the coastal areas which also aggravate the situation. Daudkhali river is one of the main rivers in the study area. Image interpretation depicts that in 1977 the width of this river was nearly about 200 m all through its course and the river maintained this width up to 1990. But due to embankments the river starts to squeeze and the width of the river reached about 100 m in 2000. But in 2014, the river was nearly abandoned. A sluice gate was constructed on the course of the river about 30 years ago near Foila Bazar. The sediments carried by the river started to deposit in the mouth of the sluice gate which gradually choked the opening of the gate and now the gate is nearly blocked. During the rainy season, the river cannot carry excess water resulting flooding and water logging for long time. The presence of thick finer sediments in the subsurface as well as climate change further prolongates the situations. Finally, for sustainable development of the area,it is necessary to carry out different development activities with consideration of delta building processes.
{"title":"Tidal River Siltation and its Impact in the Coastal Parts of Bangladesh","authors":"K. Ahsan, Md. Bazlar Rashid, S. Talukder","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.28","url":null,"abstract":"The study area is located in the south-western coastal part of Bangladesh and belongs to the lower deltaic plain of the Ganges delta system, which lies in the Rampal upazila of Bagherhat district. The area is more or less flat with elevation ranges from 1.0 to 2.0 m above mean sea level (MSL) and is blanketed with fluvio-tidal deposits of sandy silt, clayey silt and clay. Right now, water logging is one of the major problems in the area. The present paper is an attempt to expose the causes of water logging as well as its consequences. The satellite images of the last few decades, existing statistical records and simultaneous field checking were employed in this study, which reveals that natural as well as anthropogenic factors are responsible for water logging problem. The rivers and their link channels in the areas are influenced by tidal water regularly. The Water Development Board (WDB) was built embankments along the river courses as well as constructed sluice gates on the head of the tidal creeks to protect the area from regular tidal flooding and sea water intrusion. During monsoon, when rivers carry huge amount of water and sediments due to torrential rain, and these rising waters overtop the natural levees which were artificially modified and raised by coastal embankments. Consequently, the sediments drop down inside the channel and near channel bank rather in the nearby tidal plain. As a result, channels are gradually congested due to siltation, whereas tidal plain areas gradually lower due to subsidence and lack of sedimentation. Moreover, many sluice gates were constructed on the river courses in the coastal areas which also aggravate the situation. Daudkhali river is one of the main rivers in the study area. Image interpretation depicts that in 1977 the width of this river was nearly about 200 m all through its course and the river maintained this width up to 1990. But due to embankments the river starts to squeeze and the width of the river reached about 100 m in 2000. But in 2014, the river was nearly abandoned. A sluice gate was constructed on the course of the river about 30 years ago near Foila Bazar. The sediments carried by the river started to deposit in the mouth of the sluice gate which gradually choked the opening of the gate and now the gate is nearly blocked. During the rainy season, the river cannot carry excess water resulting flooding and water logging for long time. The presence of thick finer sediments in the subsurface as well as climate change further prolongates the situations. Finally, for sustainable development of the area,it is necessary to carry out different development activities with consideration of delta building processes.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116424813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wetlands are the source of vital ecosystems which provide human societies with essential and extremely valuable life-supporting functions. The rapid population growth and resultant exploitation of lands, water bodies, and forests have badly influenced wetland resources. Wetlands are non-market goods as they do not have market value. So, it is important to evaluate these resources economically to identify their significance. Therefore, this study aims to identify the visitors’ willingness to pay for the economic valuation of Salt Range wetlands comprised of Kalar Kahar, Uchali, Jhalar, Khabeki, and Namal Lakes. A qualitative method was used to gather relevant information from the respondents by using a questionnaire. By applying the willingness to pay (WTP) technique it was found that about 85.34% of tourists were agreed to visit these lakes because of their naturalness. Similarly, the mean WTP in Kalar Kahar lake was PKR. 1808, in Uchali lakes was PKR.1820 while in Namal lake it was PKR. 1848. It is concluded that all the lakes are equally important and economically valuable for the tourists as there was a frictional difference in mean WTP. It is suggested that these lakes should be conserved for future generations to sustain the long-term economic benefits for the concerned stakeholders through the initiation of ecotourism.
{"title":"47 c Assessment of Willingness to Pay for Sustainable Ecotourism Development in the Salt Range Wetlands, Punjab Pakistan","authors":"M. Ghous, S. Siddiqui","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.30","url":null,"abstract":"Wetlands are the source of vital ecosystems which provide human societies with essential and extremely valuable life-supporting functions. The rapid population growth and resultant exploitation of lands, water bodies, and forests have badly influenced wetland resources. Wetlands are non-market goods as they do not have market value. So, it is important to evaluate these resources economically to identify their significance. Therefore, this study aims to identify the visitors’ willingness to pay for the economic valuation of Salt Range wetlands comprised of Kalar Kahar, Uchali, Jhalar, Khabeki, and Namal Lakes. A qualitative method was used to gather relevant information from the respondents by using a questionnaire. By applying the willingness to pay (WTP) technique it was found that about 85.34% of tourists were agreed to visit these lakes because of their naturalness. Similarly, the mean WTP in Kalar Kahar lake was PKR. 1808, in Uchali lakes was PKR.1820 while in Namal lake it was PKR. 1848. It is concluded that all the lakes are equally important and economically valuable for the tourists as there was a frictional difference in mean WTP. It is suggested that these lakes should be conserved for future generations to sustain the long-term economic benefits for the concerned stakeholders through the initiation of ecotourism.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134600616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shoiab Ahmed, A. Ghaffar, Inayat Ullah, F. Murad, H. Rehman, Jalil Ahmed
The Mashki Chah iron ore deposits are located in the western Chagai magmatic belt and hosted within andesitic rock units in the Late Cretaceous Sinjrani Volcanic Group. Geometry, morphology, and structure of iron ore have massive, thin to thick-bedded and veins type of iron. The major ore type including magnetite as primary mineralization of iron ore and hematite, siderite, goethite, and limonite are secondary mineralization of iron ore. Petrographically, the iron ore is hosted within the basic to the intermediate type of units (Basaltic Andesite, Andesite, and Dacite) within the Late Cretaceous Sinjrani Volcanic Group. Major constituents of basaltic andesitic units are composed of clinopyroxene and amphibole with minor constituents of quartz. Andesitic units consist of plagioclase, hornblende, k-feldspar, quartz and biotite. The dacitic unit is comprised of quartz, albite, k-feldspar, biotite, and muscovite. SEM-EDX and BSE analysis of ore mineralization of iron ore to identify the mineral crystal structure, texture, and elemental composition of iron ore. BSE images indicate the crystal morphology of magnetite and hematite have well-developed cubic and octahedron crystal shapes with a coarse grain texture. Elemental composition is identified by the EDX graph that is indicated the high peaks of Fe and O elements associated with the high peak rock-forming minerals elements Si and O with sub-peaks of Al, Na, K, and Ca and as well as have sub-peaks of ore-forming mineral elements are include a Cu, Ag, Ti, and Sn. The total iron reserve in the deposit area is approximately about 45 to 50 million tons and an average percentage of magnetite is 86.16% and hematite is about 69.40 %. These ore deposit has significant value for economic purpose and as well as economically the Mashki Chah iron ore deposit is viable for iron ore mining.
{"title":"Geology, Petrographical Features and Ore Mineralization of Volcanic Hosted Iron Ore Deposit in the Mashki Chah Area Chagai District, Balochistan, Pakistan","authors":"Shoiab Ahmed, A. Ghaffar, Inayat Ullah, F. Murad, H. Rehman, Jalil Ahmed","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.23","url":null,"abstract":"The Mashki Chah iron ore deposits are located in the western Chagai magmatic belt and hosted within andesitic rock units in the Late Cretaceous Sinjrani Volcanic Group. Geometry, morphology, and structure of iron ore have massive, thin to thick-bedded and veins type of iron. The major ore type including magnetite as primary mineralization of iron ore and hematite, siderite, goethite, and limonite are secondary mineralization of iron ore. Petrographically, the iron ore is hosted within the basic to the intermediate type of units (Basaltic Andesite, Andesite, and Dacite) within the Late Cretaceous Sinjrani Volcanic Group. Major constituents of basaltic andesitic units are composed of clinopyroxene and amphibole with minor constituents of quartz. Andesitic units consist of plagioclase, hornblende, k-feldspar, quartz and biotite. The dacitic unit is comprised of quartz, albite, k-feldspar, biotite, and muscovite. SEM-EDX and BSE analysis of ore mineralization of iron ore to identify the mineral crystal structure, texture, and elemental composition of iron ore. BSE images indicate the crystal morphology of magnetite and hematite have well-developed cubic and octahedron crystal shapes with a coarse grain texture. Elemental composition is identified by the EDX graph that is indicated the high peaks of Fe and O elements associated with the high peak rock-forming minerals elements Si and O with sub-peaks of Al, Na, K, and Ca and as well as have sub-peaks of ore-forming mineral elements are include a Cu, Ag, Ti, and Sn. The total iron reserve in the deposit area is approximately about 45 to 50 million tons and an average percentage of magnetite is 86.16% and hematite is about 69.40 %. These ore deposit has significant value for economic purpose and as well as economically the Mashki Chah iron ore deposit is viable for iron ore mining.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126758054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afrin Khaleda, Haque Md. Nazwanul, Islam Syed Nazrul, Roy Rintu, Shakik Minhazul Abedin
Climate Change in Bangladesh is an extremely crucial issue. Bangladesh is one of the worstly affected countries by the impacts of Climate Change in coming decades. The climate change in Bangladesh causes the degradation of land resources. High intensity and recurrence of floods are due to irregular rainfall and glacier melting of the Himalayas intensified river bank erosion throughout the year. High yielding land resources on the river bank are degraded each year. This study was conducted for riverbank shifting detection, morphodynamics assessment, and estimation of eroded and accreted land by the Jamuna river at Shahjadpurupazila, Sirajganj district, Bangladesh. The investigation is based on multispectral satellite imagery interpretations using ArcGIS software, followed by a field check. Interpretations show that the Jamuna river in the study area has continuously shifted its path from east to west from 1956 to 2020, resulting in a total loss of 51.68 km2 of landmass. The rate of engulfment was 0.95km2/year whereas the accretion rate was 0.15km2/year. The maximum rate of river shifting on the right bank of Jamuna river in the ShahjadpurUpazila is 84.38 meters/year and the minimum shifting is 31.25 meters/year. This study will help to understand the scenario of land degradation by river erosion in the study area. It may be also helpful to the decision-makers to take the proper mitigation measures regarding riverbank erosion and protection.
{"title":"Land Degradation Due to Jamuna Riverbank Erosion: A Case Study at Shahjadpur, Sirajganj District, Bangladesh","authors":"Afrin Khaleda, Haque Md. Nazwanul, Islam Syed Nazrul, Roy Rintu, Shakik Minhazul Abedin","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.29","url":null,"abstract":"Climate Change in Bangladesh is an extremely crucial issue. Bangladesh is one of the worstly affected countries by the impacts of Climate Change in coming decades. The climate change in Bangladesh causes the degradation of land resources. High intensity and recurrence of floods are due to irregular rainfall and glacier melting of the Himalayas intensified river bank erosion throughout the year. High yielding land resources on the river bank are degraded each year. This study was conducted for riverbank shifting detection, morphodynamics assessment, and estimation of eroded and accreted land by the Jamuna river at Shahjadpurupazila, Sirajganj district, Bangladesh. The investigation is based on multispectral satellite imagery interpretations using ArcGIS software, followed by a field check. Interpretations show that the Jamuna river in the study area has continuously shifted its path from east to west from 1956 to 2020, resulting in a total loss of 51.68 km2 of landmass. The rate of engulfment was 0.95km2/year whereas the accretion rate was 0.15km2/year. The maximum rate of river shifting on the right bank of Jamuna river in the ShahjadpurUpazila is 84.38 meters/year and the minimum shifting is 31.25 meters/year. This study will help to understand the scenario of land degradation by river erosion in the study area. It may be also helpful to the decision-makers to take the proper mitigation measures regarding riverbank erosion and protection.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117107820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mining is one of the oldest professions in history. Along with the development of human life, mines also give direction to civilization and the economy. Mining activities carry various risks in terms of occupational health and safety (OHS). These risks can be examined under the main headings of work accidents and occupational diseases. As a result, thousands of workers face illness and death every year. Additionally, economic losses occur as a result of production interruption and stopping. Despite all the efforts to reduce mining accidents, statistics show that underground mining is one of the riskiest among all working industries. It is seen that the physical risk factors encountered in the mining sector line are remarkable in terms of risk factors. Physical risk factors that may be encountered in mines are dust, noise, vibration, lighting problems, and thermal conditions. It is essential to take measures to assess these risks and ensure the comfort of employees where each physical risk factor needs to be examined separately. In this study, physical risks being frequently encountered in underground coal mines are taken into account with recommendations for the risks.
{"title":"Physical Risks in terms of Occupational Health and Safety in Underground Coal Mines","authors":"A. E. Aritan, Cem Şensöğüt","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.26","url":null,"abstract":"Mining is one of the oldest professions in history. Along with the development of human life, mines also give direction to civilization and the economy. Mining activities carry various risks in terms of occupational health and safety (OHS). These risks can be examined under the main headings of work accidents and occupational diseases. As a result, thousands of workers face illness and death every year. Additionally, economic losses occur as a result of production interruption and stopping. Despite all the efforts to reduce mining accidents, statistics show that underground mining is one of the riskiest among all working industries. It is seen that the physical risk factors encountered in the mining sector line are remarkable in terms of risk factors. Physical risk factors that may be encountered in mines are dust, noise, vibration, lighting problems, and thermal conditions. It is essential to take measures to assess these risks and ensure the comfort of employees where each physical risk factor needs to be examined separately. In this study, physical risks being frequently encountered in underground coal mines are taken into account with recommendations for the risks.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128927905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bushra Zia Khan, Rahib Hussain, Rafiq Ahmad, Sonia Munir
Quality standards have been a significant achievement for organizations worldwide. Environmental standardsshould be established in hospitals by coding ISO14001. Hospital water pollution can cause health issues in nearby urbanareas and settlements. The study was aimed to estimate, characterize, use, and response to water quality parameters onamplification of environmental coordination at General Hospital Lahore (GHL), and their implications for evaluation inmanagement reviewing. For these purposes, the drinking water samples were collected from different locations in thestudy area. All these samples were analyzed for different water quality parameters namely, pH, TDS, turbidity, andchloride, and compared with national environmental quality standards (NEQS). All the results and management processeswere also compared with ISO 14001:2015, which indicated the weakness in the general administration framework andEnvironmental Management System (EMS). The results show that pH 8.6, TDS 1100 mg/l, turbidity 5.5 NTU, andchloride 260 mg/l were exceeding the maximum permissible limits. The present study recommended that GHL watershould be treated before its use/ disposal. In the end, an EMS (a policy with protocol) manual was developed for continualimprovement of water use. Drinking water quality assessment and EMS framework offer assistance to oversee the waterquality and environment in health centers. Drinking water quality management under the guidelines of the environmentmanagement system manual developed in this study will greatly help to manage the environment, particularly waterpollution in local hospitals of Pakistan.
{"title":"Amplification of Environmental Appraisal Coordination at General Hospital Lahore and its Implications to Evaluate Management Review","authors":"Bushra Zia Khan, Rahib Hussain, Rafiq Ahmad, Sonia Munir","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Quality standards have been a significant achievement for organizations worldwide. Environmental standardsshould be established in hospitals by coding ISO14001. Hospital water pollution can cause health issues in nearby urbanareas and settlements. The study was aimed to estimate, characterize, use, and response to water quality parameters onamplification of environmental coordination at General Hospital Lahore (GHL), and their implications for evaluation inmanagement reviewing. For these purposes, the drinking water samples were collected from different locations in thestudy area. All these samples were analyzed for different water quality parameters namely, pH, TDS, turbidity, andchloride, and compared with national environmental quality standards (NEQS). All the results and management processeswere also compared with ISO 14001:2015, which indicated the weakness in the general administration framework andEnvironmental Management System (EMS). The results show that pH 8.6, TDS 1100 mg/l, turbidity 5.5 NTU, andchloride 260 mg/l were exceeding the maximum permissible limits. The present study recommended that GHL watershould be treated before its use/ disposal. In the end, an EMS (a policy with protocol) manual was developed for continualimprovement of water use. Drinking water quality assessment and EMS framework offer assistance to oversee the waterquality and environment in health centers. Drinking water quality management under the guidelines of the environmentmanagement system manual developed in this study will greatly help to manage the environment, particularly waterpollution in local hospitals of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130509733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, an up-to-date evaluation of work accidents and occupational diseases in hard coal and lignitemining in Turkey has been made using the Social Security Institution (SSI) of Turkey statistics between 2013-and2020. For this purpose, the number of insured employees who had work accidents and occupational diseases, thenumber of insured people who lost their lives as a result of work accidents, and the total temporary incapacity for work(standing + inpatient) were examined. Although the number of people who had work accidents, the number of deathsafter work accidents, and the total duration of temporary incapacity in the lignite mining field of activity are higher thanin the field of activity in hard coal mining, it is seen that the number of occupational diseases is lower.
{"title":"Work Accidents and Coal Mining in Turkey","authors":"I. Cinar, Cem Şensöğüt","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, an up-to-date evaluation of work accidents and occupational diseases in hard coal and lignitemining in Turkey has been made using the Social Security Institution (SSI) of Turkey statistics between 2013-and2020. For this purpose, the number of insured employees who had work accidents and occupational diseases, thenumber of insured people who lost their lives as a result of work accidents, and the total temporary incapacity for work(standing + inpatient) were examined. Although the number of people who had work accidents, the number of deathsafter work accidents, and the total duration of temporary incapacity in the lignite mining field of activity are higher thanin the field of activity in hard coal mining, it is seen that the number of occupational diseases is lower.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114235314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current environmental pollution has great impact on climate change and the present study was aimed at removal of sulfur as a pollutant for environment on combustion of kerosene fuel using clay, namely attapulgite and magnetic iron (ATP)-Fe3O4 nanocomposite. To lower the toxic sulfur and to enhance the property of reduced sulfur fuel specifically the electrical conductivity (EC) was also improved by the addition of quality improver additives. The (ATP)-Fe3O4 nanocomposite was synthesized by co-precipitation method and the structure, and morphology were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The average size of Fe-NPs which helps in the oxidative desulfurization was found to be <100 nm, and the toxic sulfur content in fuel was reduced up to 71% from its original using 05mg/mL of nanocomposite at 150°C for 30 min along with CH3COOH and H2O2 proceed with water washing. The EC of the oxidative desulfurized (ODS) fuel was enhanced by the addition of (0.5, 0.7 and 1.0ppm) STADIS 450 additive as compared to MEROX kerosene fuel (untreated). The ODS kerosene showed greater stability of EC over MEROX kerosene.
{"title":"Clay-Iron Nanocomposite for the Removal of Sulfur as Toxic Pollutant from Fuel by Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization","authors":"Haris Ahmed, E. Zahir, M. A. Asghar","doi":"10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i2.27","url":null,"abstract":"The current environmental pollution has great impact on climate change and the present study was aimed at removal of sulfur as a pollutant for environment on combustion of kerosene fuel using clay, namely attapulgite and magnetic iron (ATP)-Fe3O4 nanocomposite. To lower the toxic sulfur and to enhance the property of reduced sulfur fuel specifically the electrical conductivity (EC) was also improved by the addition of quality improver additives. The (ATP)-Fe3O4 nanocomposite was synthesized by co-precipitation method and the structure, and morphology were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The average size of Fe-NPs which helps in the oxidative desulfurization was found to be <100 nm, and the toxic sulfur content in fuel was reduced up to 71% from its original using 05mg/mL of nanocomposite at 150°C for 30 min along with CH3COOH and H2O2 proceed with water washing. The EC of the oxidative desulfurized (ODS) fuel was enhanced by the addition of (0.5, 0.7 and 1.0ppm) STADIS 450 additive as compared to MEROX kerosene fuel (untreated). The ODS kerosene showed greater stability of EC over MEROX kerosene.","PeriodicalId":200727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122756627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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