Objective: Resin-based composites are used for many applications in dentistry. They are difficult to remove without damage to the underlying enamel since they adhere strongly and are color matched to the tooth. The objective of this study was to determine if an automated laser scanning system with spectral feedback could be used for selective removal of residual orthodontic composite from tooth surfaces with minimal damage to the underlying enamel.
Materials and methods: A CO2 laser operating at a wavelength of 9.3 μm with a pulse duration of 10-15 μs and a pulse repetition rate of ~200 Hz was used to selectively remove composite from the buccal surfaces of extracted teeth. A spectral feedback system utilizing a miniature spectrometer was used to control the laser scanning system. Pulpal temperature measurements were performed during composite removal to determine if there was excessive heat accumulation. Conventional and digital microscopes were used to assess the amount of enamel lost during removal.
Results: The amount of enamel lost averaged between 20 and 25 μm for irradiation intensities from 3.8 to 4.2 J/cm2, respectively. An average maximum temperature rise of 1.9±1.5°C was recorded, with no teeth approaching the critical value of 5.5°C. The average time for composite removal from an area of 5 mm2 was 19.3±4.1 s, fast enough for clinical feasibility.
Conclusion: Residual composite can be rapidly removed from tooth surfaces using a CO2 laser with spectral feedback, with minimal temperature rise within the pulp and with minimal loss of sound enamel.
{"title":"Analysis of enamel surface damage after selective laser ablation of composite from tooth surfaces.","authors":"Kenneth H Chan, Krista Hirasuna, Daniel Fried","doi":"10.1515/plm-2013-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2013-0052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Resin-based composites are used for many applications in dentistry. They are difficult to remove without damage to the underlying enamel since they adhere strongly and are color matched to the tooth. The objective of this study was to determine if an automated laser scanning system with spectral feedback could be used for selective removal of residual orthodontic composite from tooth surfaces with minimal damage to the underlying enamel.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A CO<sub>2</sub> laser operating at a wavelength of 9.3 μm with a pulse duration of 10-15 μs and a pulse repetition rate of ~200 Hz was used to selectively remove composite from the buccal surfaces of extracted teeth. A spectral feedback system utilizing a miniature spectrometer was used to control the laser scanning system. Pulpal temperature measurements were performed during composite removal to determine if there was excessive heat accumulation. Conventional and digital microscopes were used to assess the amount of enamel lost during removal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The amount of enamel lost averaged between 20 and 25 μm for irradiation intensities from 3.8 to 4.2 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. An average maximum temperature rise of 1.9±1.5°C was recorded, with no teeth approaching the critical value of 5.5°C. The average time for composite removal from an area of 5 mm<sup>2</sup> was 19.3±4.1 s, fast enough for clinical feasibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Residual composite can be rapidly removed from tooth surfaces using a CO<sub>2</sub> laser with spectral feedback, with minimal temperature rise within the pulp and with minimal loss of sound enamel.</p>","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/plm-2013-0052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32242193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical impact of laser-assisted treatment modalities","authors":"L. Lilge, R. Sroka","doi":"10.1515/plm-2013-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2013-0061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88341182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Ageing populations worldwide requires more affordable minimally invasive therapy procedures. German data show an increase in both benign prostate enlargement (BPE) and carcinoma of the prostate. In 1901 the introduction of anesthesia made the Freyer operation possible, and using electricity enabled transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in the 1920s. In 1991 Hofstetter was the first physician to laser prostate tissue by means of interstitial laser coagulation. Twenty years later 80% of the BPE operations in the USA were carried out by mostly outpatient photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP). In France, this method was declared a standard in December 2012. Our experience with Medilas100 and re-sterilized quartz fibers dates back to 1988 and includes the laser treatment of 4000 urothelial tumors and 2000 BPEs (as presented at nearly 60 congresses). In 1996 the 50 W, 980 nm diode laser replaced the scalpel and reduced costs to 45% of the pre-laser era. Today portable laser devices with over 100 W and using an extremely wide variety of wavelengths operate for 100,000 maintenance-free hours and facilitate cutting, sawing and drilling in tissue, teeth and bones with bare fibers. Currently a method using beam reflection indicates when the beam is entering or leaving the tumor and Raman spectroscopy is being introduced as new diagnostic method for tissue differentiation. The proton laser DRACO has been tested at the Dresden Center OncoRay. It destroys only tumor tissue without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue. It is possible to use a laser anywhere where there is an electric source – in high-tech mega-clinics as well as in Red-Cross/Half Moon disaster relief tents. All laser physicians should publish their results, so that others can follow and prove the method. Zusammenfassung Die weltweite Überalterung erfordert erschwinglichere minimal-invasive Therapieverfahren. Daten aus Deutschland zeigen eine Zunahme von sowohl gutartigen Prostatavergrößerungen (benigne Prostatahyperplasie, BPH) als auch von Prostatakarzinomen. Im Jahr 1901 machte die Einführung der Anästhesie die Freyer-Operation möglich, und mit dem Einzug der Elektrizität wurde seit den 1920er Jahren die transurethrale Resektion der Prostata (TURP) möglich. 1991 war Hofstetter der erste Arzt, der die interstitielle Thermokoagulation von Prostatagewebe durchführte. Zwanzig Jahre später werden 80% der BPH-Operationen in den USA meist ambulant mittels photoselektiver Verdampfung der Prostata (PVP) durchgeführt. Zudem wurde diese Methode im Dezember 2012 in Frankreich zum Standard erklärt. Unsere Erfahrungen mit dem Medilas100 und resterilisierten Quarzfasern reicht bis in das Jahr 1988 zurück und umfasst die Laserbehandlung von 4000 Urotheltumoren und 2000 BPHs – präsentiert auf mehr als 60 Kongressen. 1996 ersetzte der 50 W, 980 nm-Diodenlaser das Skalpell, wodurch die Kosten auf 45% der Vor-Laserära reduziert werden konnten. Heute arbeiten tragbare Lasergerte mit m
全球人口老龄化需要更实惠的微创治疗方法。德国的数据显示良性前列腺肿大(BPE)和前列腺癌均有增加。1901年，麻醉的引入使弗雷耶手术成为可能，20世纪20年代，电使经尿道前列腺切除术(TURP)成为可能。1991年，Hofstetter成为第一位通过间质激光凝固方法对前列腺组织进行激光治疗的医生。20年后，美国80%的BPE手术大多采用门诊前列腺光选择性汽化术(PVP)。在法国，这种方法于2012年12月被宣布为标准。我们使用Medilas100和再灭菌石英纤维的经验可以追溯到1988年，包括激光治疗4000例尿路上皮肿瘤和2000例bpe(在近60次大会上发表)。1996年，50w, 980nm二极管激光器取代了手术刀，并将成本降低到前激光时代的45%。如今，功率超过100 W的便携式激光设备可使用各种波长，可运行10万小时免维护，并可在组织、牙齿和骨骼上进行裸纤维切割、锯切和钻孔。目前，一种利用光束反射来指示光束何时进入或离开肿瘤的方法正在被引入拉曼光谱作为组织分化的新诊断方法。质子激光DRACO已经在德累斯顿中心进行了测试。它只破坏肿瘤组织而不损害周围的健康组织。在任何有电源的地方都可以使用激光——高科技的大型诊所以及红十字会/半月救灾帐篷。所有的激光医生都应该公布他们的结果，这样其他人就可以跟随并证明这种方法。Zusammenfassung Die weltweite Überalterung erfordert erschwinglichere微创治疗。德国医学杂志(Daten aus Deutschland zeigen eine Zunahme von sowohl gutartigen Prostatavergrößerungen)(良性前列腺增生症，BPH)也被称为前列腺增生症。Im Jahr 1901 machte die einfinhrung der Anästhesie die Freyer-Operation möglich, und mit dem Einzug der Elektrizität wurde seit den 1920er Jahren die transurethrale resetion der前列腺(TURP) möglich。[1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [j]。Zwanzig Jahre später werden 80% der BPH-Operationen在den美国meist ambulant mitels光电选择性前列腺(PVP) durchgefhrt。2012年12月在法兰克福zum标准中采用的Zudem wurde diese方法erklärt。Unsere Erfahrungen mit dem Medilas100 and resterilisierten Quarzfasern reicht is in das Jahr 1988 zur ck und unfast die Laserbehandlung on 4000 urothelumumon和2000 BPHs - präsentiert auf mehr和60 Kongressen. 1996 ersetzte der 50 W, 980 nm-Diodenlaser das Skalpell, wodurch die Kosten auf 45% der Vor-Laserära reduziert werden konhl。10万Stunden wartungsfrei und ermöglichen das Schneiden, Sägen and Bohren in Gewebe, Knochen and Zähnen mit der bloßen Faser。在激光照射下反射反射，在激光照射下肿瘤的反射。研究了一种新的诊断方法——拉曼-斯佩克troskopie。质子-激光DRACO技术在德累斯顿研究中心的应用。Er zerstört nur tumorgewebbe ohne Schädigung des umliegenden gesunden Gewebes。[1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1] [1]Alle Laser-Ärzte溶化了ihre Ergebnisse veröffentlichen，因此通过andere sie nutzen和ihre Nachhaltigkeit pre fen können。
{"title":"Replacing the scalpel with the laser reduces expenses in surgery – Taking the history of prostate therapy as an example","authors":"H. Hainz","doi":"10.1515/plm-2013-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2013-0050","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ageing populations worldwide requires more affordable minimally invasive therapy procedures. German data show an increase in both benign prostate enlargement (BPE) and carcinoma of the prostate. In 1901 the introduction of anesthesia made the Freyer operation possible, and using electricity enabled transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in the 1920s. In 1991 Hofstetter was the first physician to laser prostate tissue by means of interstitial laser coagulation. Twenty years later 80% of the BPE operations in the USA were carried out by mostly outpatient photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP). In France, this method was declared a standard in December 2012. Our experience with Medilas100 and re-sterilized quartz fibers dates back to 1988 and includes the laser treatment of 4000 urothelial tumors and 2000 BPEs (as presented at nearly 60 congresses). In 1996 the 50 W, 980 nm diode laser replaced the scalpel and reduced costs to 45% of the pre-laser era. Today portable laser devices with over 100 W and using an extremely wide variety of wavelengths operate for 100,000 maintenance-free hours and facilitate cutting, sawing and drilling in tissue, teeth and bones with bare fibers. Currently a method using beam reflection indicates when the beam is entering or leaving the tumor and Raman spectroscopy is being introduced as new diagnostic method for tissue differentiation. The proton laser DRACO has been tested at the Dresden Center OncoRay. It destroys only tumor tissue without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue. It is possible to use a laser anywhere where there is an electric source – in high-tech mega-clinics as well as in Red-Cross/Half Moon disaster relief tents. All laser physicians should publish their results, so that others can follow and prove the method. Zusammenfassung Die weltweite Überalterung erfordert erschwinglichere minimal-invasive Therapieverfahren. Daten aus Deutschland zeigen eine Zunahme von sowohl gutartigen Prostatavergrößerungen (benigne Prostatahyperplasie, BPH) als auch von Prostatakarzinomen. Im Jahr 1901 machte die Einführung der Anästhesie die Freyer-Operation möglich, und mit dem Einzug der Elektrizität wurde seit den 1920er Jahren die transurethrale Resektion der Prostata (TURP) möglich. 1991 war Hofstetter der erste Arzt, der die interstitielle Thermokoagulation von Prostatagewebe durchführte. Zwanzig Jahre später werden 80% der BPH-Operationen in den USA meist ambulant mittels photoselektiver Verdampfung der Prostata (PVP) durchgeführt. Zudem wurde diese Methode im Dezember 2012 in Frankreich zum Standard erklärt. Unsere Erfahrungen mit dem Medilas100 und resterilisierten Quarzfasern reicht bis in das Jahr 1988 zurück und umfasst die Laserbehandlung von 4000 Urotheltumoren und 2000 BPHs – präsentiert auf mehr als 60 Kongressen. 1996 ersetzte der 50 W, 980 nm-Diodenlaser das Skalpell, wodurch die Kosten auf 45% der Vor-Laserära reduziert werden konnten. Heute arbeiten tragbare Lasergerte mit m","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75952125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethne L Nussbaum, Facundo Las Heras, Kenneth P H Pritzker, Tony Mazzulli, Lothar Lilge
Background and objective: Low intensity laser irradiation remains a controversial treatment for non-healing wounds. This study examines the effect of low intensity light on healing of infected skin wounds in the rat.
Materials and methods: Wounds on the rat dorsum were inoculated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Wounds were irradiated or sham-irradiated three times weekly from day 1 to 19 using 635-nm or 808-nm diode lasers delivering continuous wave (CW) or intensity modulated (3800 Hz) laser radiation, all at radiant exposures of 1 and 20 J/cm2. Wound area and bacterial growth on the wound surface were evaluated three times a week. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed at day 8 and 19.
Results: Wounds that were irradiated using a wavelength of 635 nm (1 and 20 J/cm2) or intensity modulated 808-nm laser light at 20 J/cm2 were smaller in area at day 19 than the sham-irradiated controls (achieved significance level=0.0105-0.0208) and were similar to controls in respect of bacterial growth. The remaining light protocols had no effect on wound area at day 19 although they increased Staphylococcus aureus growth across the time line compared with controls (p<0.0001 to p<0.004). CW 808-nm light at 20 J/cm2 significantly delayed half-heal time. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses supported wound closure findings: improved healing was associated with faster resolution of inflammation during the acute phase and increased signs of late repair at day 19. Significant inflammation was seen at day 19 in all irradiated groups regardless of radiant exposure, except when using 635 nm at 1 J/cm2.
Conclusions: Red light improved healing of wounds. Only one 808-nm light protocol enhanced healing; lack of benefit using the remaining 808-nm light protocols may have been due to stimulatory effects of the light on S. aureus growth.
{"title":"Effects of low intensity laser irradiation during healing of infected skin wounds in the rat.","authors":"Ethne L Nussbaum, Facundo Las Heras, Kenneth P H Pritzker, Tony Mazzulli, Lothar Lilge","doi":"10.1515/plm-2013-0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2013-0049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Low intensity laser irradiation remains a controversial treatment for non-healing wounds. This study examines the effect of low intensity light on healing of infected skin wounds in the rat.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Wounds on the rat dorsum were inoculated with <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Wounds were irradiated or sham-irradiated three times weekly from day 1 to 19 using 635-nm or 808-nm diode lasers delivering continuous wave (CW) or intensity modulated (3800 Hz) laser radiation, all at radiant exposures of 1 and 20 J/cm<sup>2</sup>. Wound area and bacterial growth on the wound surface were evaluated three times a week. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed at day 8 and 19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wounds that were irradiated using a wavelength of 635 nm (1 and 20 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) or intensity modulated 808-nm laser light at 20 J/cm<sup>2</sup> were smaller in area at day 19 than the sham-irradiated controls (achieved significance level=0.0105-0.0208) and were similar to controls in respect of bacterial growth. The remaining light protocols had no effect on wound area at day 19 although they increased <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> growth across the time line compared with controls (<i>p</i><0.0001 to <i>p</i><0.004). CW 808-nm light at 20 J/cm<sup>2</sup> significantly delayed half-heal time. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses supported wound closure findings: improved healing was associated with faster resolution of inflammation during the acute phase and increased signs of late repair at day 19. Significant inflammation was seen at day 19 in all irradiated groups regardless of radiant exposure, except when using 635 nm at 1 J/cm<sup>2</sup>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Red light improved healing of wounds. Only one 808-nm light protocol enhanced healing; lack of benefit using the remaining 808-nm light protocols may have been due to stimulatory effects of the light on <i>S. aureus</i> growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/plm-2013-0049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33948134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Rodrigues, R. Brunelli, H. S. D. de Araújo, N. Parizotto, A. Renno
Abstract Background and objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 780-nm laser therapy on the expression of genes related to muscle healing. Materials and methods: Sixty-three rats were distributed into three groups: 1) injured control group (CG), 2) injured treatment group at 10 J/cm2 (G10), and 3) injured treatment group at 50 J/cm2 (G50). Histopathological analysis and mRNA genes expression were evaluated after 7, 14 and 21 days post-injury. Results: At day 7, G10 presented a smaller necrosis area compared to CG and G50. Fourteen days post-surgery, G10 and G50 presented a smaller amount of inflammatory cells and a better tissue organization compared to CG. On day 21, G10 and G50 showed better muscle structure than the control. A significantly decreased COX-2 expression was observed in groups G10 and G50 at day 7 compared to the control animals. No difference was found among the experimental groups after 14 days, but G50 presented statistically higher COX-2 down-regulation at day 21. VEGF expression decreased in the first period analyzed in both treatment groups, increased after 14 days in G10, and increased after 21 days in G50. Both irradiated groups had a higher MyoD expression in all the evaluated periods and myogenin levels increased after 14 days in both treatment groups and in G10 after 21 days. Conclusion: 780-nm laser therapy had positive effects during muscle regeneration through the gene expression modulation related to the inflammatory process and the new muscle fibers formation, in both fluencies used in the present study, but the fluence of 10 J/cm2 was more efficient. Zusammenfassung Hintergrund und Zielsetzung: Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Auswirkungen der 780 nm-Laserherapie auf die im Zusammenhang mit der Muskelheilung stehende Genexpression zu bewerten. Materialien und Methoden: Für die Studie wurden 63 Ratten in drei Gruppen aufgeteilt: 1) verletzte Kontrollgruppe ohne Therapie (CG), 2) verletzte Behandlungsgruppe mit 10 J/cm2 (G10) und 3) verletzte Behandlungsgruppe mit 50 J/cm2 (G50). Die histopathologische Analyse sowie die Bestimmung der Genexpression (mRNA-Expression) erfolgte jeweils 7, 14 und 21 Tage nach der Verletzung. Ergebnisse: Am Tag 7 wurde in der G10-Gruppe im Vergleich zu den beiden anderen Untersuchungsgruppen CG und G50 ein kleinerer Nekrosebereich festgestellt. Vierzehn Tage nach der Operation zeigten sich in den beiden Behandlungsgruppen G10 und G50 eine kleinere Menge von Entzündungszellen und eine bessere Gewebeorganisation als in der Kontrollgruppe CG. Am Tag 21 erwies sich die Muskelstruktur in den beiden behandelten Gruppen G10 und G50 besser als in der Kontrollgruppe. Nach 7 Tagen wurde im Vergleich zu den Kontrolltieren eine verminderte COX2-Expression in den Gruppen G10 und G50 beobachtet. Es wurde aber kein Unterschied zwischen den experimentellen Gruppen nach 14 Tagen gefunden. Hingegen war die Down-Regulierung der COX2-Expression am Tag 21 in der G50-Gruppe statistis
背景与目的:本研究旨在探讨780 nm激光治疗对肌肉愈合相关基因表达的影响。材料与方法:将63只大鼠分为3组:1)损伤对照组(CG)， 2)损伤治疗组(G10)， 3)损伤治疗组(G50)。分别于伤后7、14、21 d进行组织病理学分析和mRNA基因表达。结果:第7天，与CG和G50相比，G10的坏死面积较小。术后14天，G10和G50的炎症细胞数量较CG少，组织组织较CG好。第21天，G10和G50的肌肉结构优于对照组。与对照组相比，第7天G10和G50组COX-2表达显著降低。第14天各组间差异无统计学意义，但第21天G50组COX-2下调量明显高于对照组。VEGF表达在两个治疗组的第一期均下降，G10组在14天后升高，G50组在21天后升高。两个辐照组在所有评估期的MyoD表达均较高，治疗组和G10组的肌原素水平均在14 d后升高，21 d后升高。结论:780 nm激光治疗在肌肉再生过程中通过调节与炎症过程相关的基因表达和新肌纤维的形成具有积极的作用，在本研究中使用的两种流量中，但10 J/cm2的流量更有效。Zusammenfassung Hintergrund and Zielsetzung: Das Ziel dieser studewar, die Auswirkungen der 780 nm-Laserherapie aufdie in Zusammenhang mit der Muskelheilung stehende Genexpression zu between。材料和方法: die study wurden 63 Ratten in drei Gruppen aufgeteilt: 1) verletzte contrtrollgroup ohne Therapie (CG)， 2) verletzte behandlungsgroup mit 10 J/cm2 (G10)， 3) verletzte behandlungsgroup mit 50 J/cm2 (G50)。对珠宝7、14和21的mrna表达进行组织病理学分析。[footnoteref: 1] [footnoteref: 1] [footnoteref: 1] [footnoteref: 1] [footnoteref: 1] [footnoteref: 1] [footnoteref: 1] [footnoteref: 1] [footnoteref: 1]。]在G10和G50集团中，在G10和G50集团中，在G10和G50集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中，在G10集团中。在第21组中，有1组是在G10组和G50组之间的，2组是在control组之间的。研究了cox2在G10和G50鼠群中的表达。我们的研究对象是一个实验小组，每个小组都有一个实验小组。g50组cox2 - Tag 21表达下调;实验组vegf -表达降低zunächst，实验组vegf -表达降低erhöhte, g10组vegf -表达降低14个Tagen, g50组vegf -表达降低21个Tagen。Beide bebestrahlten gruppten和allen bebeachteten Tagen eine höhere myod -表达;der Myogenin-Anteil施蒂格票14光明使者beiden behandelten Gruppen收购和战争去21个光明使者der G10-Gruppe hochsten。【关键词】激光治疗;肌肉再生;基因表达调节;肌肉再生;基因表达调节;肌肉再生;基因表达调节;
{"title":"Laser photobiomodulation influences the expression of genes related to the inflammatory process and muscle cell differentiation during the process of muscle healing","authors":"N. Rodrigues, R. Brunelli, H. S. D. de Araújo, N. Parizotto, A. Renno","doi":"10.1515/plm-2013-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2013-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background and objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 780-nm laser therapy on the expression of genes related to muscle healing. Materials and methods: Sixty-three rats were distributed into three groups: 1) injured control group (CG), 2) injured treatment group at 10 J/cm2 (G10), and 3) injured treatment group at 50 J/cm2 (G50). Histopathological analysis and mRNA genes expression were evaluated after 7, 14 and 21 days post-injury. Results: At day 7, G10 presented a smaller necrosis area compared to CG and G50. Fourteen days post-surgery, G10 and G50 presented a smaller amount of inflammatory cells and a better tissue organization compared to CG. On day 21, G10 and G50 showed better muscle structure than the control. A significantly decreased COX-2 expression was observed in groups G10 and G50 at day 7 compared to the control animals. No difference was found among the experimental groups after 14 days, but G50 presented statistically higher COX-2 down-regulation at day 21. VEGF expression decreased in the first period analyzed in both treatment groups, increased after 14 days in G10, and increased after 21 days in G50. Both irradiated groups had a higher MyoD expression in all the evaluated periods and myogenin levels increased after 14 days in both treatment groups and in G10 after 21 days. Conclusion: 780-nm laser therapy had positive effects during muscle regeneration through the gene expression modulation related to the inflammatory process and the new muscle fibers formation, in both fluencies used in the present study, but the fluence of 10 J/cm2 was more efficient. Zusammenfassung Hintergrund und Zielsetzung: Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Auswirkungen der 780 nm-Laserherapie auf die im Zusammenhang mit der Muskelheilung stehende Genexpression zu bewerten. Materialien und Methoden: Für die Studie wurden 63 Ratten in drei Gruppen aufgeteilt: 1) verletzte Kontrollgruppe ohne Therapie (CG), 2) verletzte Behandlungsgruppe mit 10 J/cm2 (G10) und 3) verletzte Behandlungsgruppe mit 50 J/cm2 (G50). Die histopathologische Analyse sowie die Bestimmung der Genexpression (mRNA-Expression) erfolgte jeweils 7, 14 und 21 Tage nach der Verletzung. Ergebnisse: Am Tag 7 wurde in der G10-Gruppe im Vergleich zu den beiden anderen Untersuchungsgruppen CG und G50 ein kleinerer Nekrosebereich festgestellt. Vierzehn Tage nach der Operation zeigten sich in den beiden Behandlungsgruppen G10 und G50 eine kleinere Menge von Entzündungszellen und eine bessere Gewebeorganisation als in der Kontrollgruppe CG. Am Tag 21 erwies sich die Muskelstruktur in den beiden behandelten Gruppen G10 und G50 besser als in der Kontrollgruppe. Nach 7 Tagen wurde im Vergleich zu den Kontrolltieren eine verminderte COX2-Expression in den Gruppen G10 und G50 beobachtet. Es wurde aber kein Unterschied zwischen den experimentellen Gruppen nach 14 Tagen gefunden. Hingegen war die Down-Regulierung der COX2-Expression am Tag 21 in der G50-Gruppe statistis","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83099078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As part of the LASER World of PHOTONICS Congress and Exhibition, which will be held from 22 to 25 June 2015 at the International Congress Centre Munich, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Lasermedizin (DGLM) e.V. is organizing an application panel on the topic “Laser-advanced new methods for diagnostics and therapeutics”. Medical laser applications represent a constantly growing part of the photonic market, more recently driven by diagnostics than therapy. And the story carries on and the wheel continues to turn. Compact lasers with high effectiveness and reliability at comparably low costs have become available and new wavelengths are being added “daily” which are opening up new future perspectives. To transform a laser into a successful medical device requires intense and careful cooperation between industry and research coupled with commitment and a feeling for the right moment. Evaluation of medical and social benefits, the power of competing techniques, rules and regulations, financing and reimbursement issues all play their role in the development and placement of a medically approved device or procedure. Furthermore all medical procedures need continuous reevaluation with respect to competing techniques and to their usefulness and clinical outcome. This panel will focus on how cooperation can ensure the success of biophotonic innovations from bench to bedside with the help of clinicians, researchers, engineers and innovators from industry. Medical, scientific and industrial representatives will provide information about their specific tasks and their efforts to launch a specific device or procedure.
{"title":"LASER World of PHOTONICS – DGLM Application Panel: Laser-advanced new methods for diagnostics and therapeutics","authors":"C. Philipp, R. Sroka","doi":"10.1515/plm-2014-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2014-0040","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the LASER World of PHOTONICS Congress and Exhibition, which will be held from 22 to 25 June 2015 at the International Congress Centre Munich, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Lasermedizin (DGLM) e.V. is organizing an application panel on the topic “Laser-advanced new methods for diagnostics and therapeutics”. Medical laser applications represent a constantly growing part of the photonic market, more recently driven by diagnostics than therapy. And the story carries on and the wheel continues to turn. Compact lasers with high effectiveness and reliability at comparably low costs have become available and new wavelengths are being added “daily” which are opening up new future perspectives. To transform a laser into a successful medical device requires intense and careful cooperation between industry and research coupled with commitment and a feeling for the right moment. Evaluation of medical and social benefits, the power of competing techniques, rules and regulations, financing and reimbursement issues all play their role in the development and placement of a medically approved device or procedure. Furthermore all medical procedures need continuous reevaluation with respect to competing techniques and to their usefulness and clinical outcome. This panel will focus on how cooperation can ensure the success of biophotonic innovations from bench to bedside with the help of clinicians, researchers, engineers and innovators from industry. Medical, scientific and industrial representatives will provide information about their specific tasks and their efforts to launch a specific device or procedure.","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87962806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Matveev, V. Zaitsev, A. L. Matveev, G. Gelikonov, V. Gelikonov, A. Vitkin
Abstract In this paper, a brief overview of several recently proposed approaches to elastographic characterization of biological tissues using optical coherence tomography is presented. A common feature of these “unconventional” approaches is that unlike most others, they do not rely on a two-step process of first reconstructing the particle displacements and then performing its error-prone differentiation in order to determine the local strains. Further, several variants of these new approaches were proposed and demonstrated essentially independently and are based on significantly different principles. Despite the seeming differences, these techniques open up interesting prospects not only for independent usage, but also for combined implementation to provide a multifunctional investigation of elasticity of biological tissues and their rheological properties in a wider sense.
{"title":"Novel methods for elasticity characterization using optical coherence tomography: Brief review and future prospects","authors":"L. Matveev, V. Zaitsev, A. L. Matveev, G. Gelikonov, V. Gelikonov, A. Vitkin","doi":"10.1515/plm-2014-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2014-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, a brief overview of several recently proposed approaches to elastographic characterization of biological tissues using optical coherence tomography is presented. A common feature of these “unconventional” approaches is that unlike most others, they do not rely on a two-step process of first reconstructing the particle displacements and then performing its error-prone differentiation in order to determine the local strains. Further, several variants of these new approaches were proposed and demonstrated essentially independently and are based on significantly different principles. Despite the seeming differences, these techniques open up interesting prospects not only for independent usage, but also for combined implementation to provide a multifunctional investigation of elasticity of biological tissues and their rheological properties in a wider sense.","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75216407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is rapidly advancing into clinical practice beyond the area of ophthalmology. Many applications of OCT in areas such as dermatology, endoscopy and others require contact OCT probes which transfer compression to the studied tissues. This effect should be taken into account when developing methods for OCT diagnostics. On the other hand, controlled compression can provide additional diagnostic information and can serve as a diagnostic procedure. This paper discusses the effect of controlled mechanical compression induced by an OCT probe coupled with dynamometer on cross-polarization OCT images of skin. Registration of OCT images in two polarizations (parallel and orthogonal) allows additional information to be obtained about structural features of the studied tissue. An increase in contrast of epidermis/dermis junction and a decrease in contrast of stratum corneum/epidermis junction in OCT images are shown to originate from mechanical compression of human skin in vivo which could be associated with structural and functional changes induced by compression. In order to confirm the origin of the contrast in OCT images induced by mechanical compression, Monte Carlo simulations were performed; the results of which are in qualitative agreement with experimental results.
{"title":"Mechanical compression in cross-polarization OCT imaging of skin: In vivo study and Monte Carlo simulation","authors":"M. Kirillin, P. Agrba, V. Kamensky","doi":"10.1515/plm-2014-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2014-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is rapidly advancing into clinical practice beyond the area of ophthalmology. Many applications of OCT in areas such as dermatology, endoscopy and others require contact OCT probes which transfer compression to the studied tissues. This effect should be taken into account when developing methods for OCT diagnostics. On the other hand, controlled compression can provide additional diagnostic information and can serve as a diagnostic procedure. This paper discusses the effect of controlled mechanical compression induced by an OCT probe coupled with dynamometer on cross-polarization OCT images of skin. Registration of OCT images in two polarizations (parallel and orthogonal) allows additional information to be obtained about structural features of the studied tissue. An increase in contrast of epidermis/dermis junction and a decrease in contrast of stratum corneum/epidermis junction in OCT images are shown to originate from mechanical compression of human skin in vivo which could be associated with structural and functional changes induced by compression. In order to confirm the origin of the contrast in OCT images induced by mechanical compression, Monte Carlo simulations were performed; the results of which are in qualitative agreement with experimental results.","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88771812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) of the brain – Experiences and new indications","authors":"W. von Tempelhoff, F. Ulrich","doi":"10.1515/plm-2014-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/plm-2014-0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20126,"journal":{"name":"Photonics & Lasers in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89234418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rühm, M. Baumgartl, D. Steigenhöfer, T. Pongratz, M. Bader, W. Khoder, R. Sroka
Abstract Background: Stone therapy has been developing towards minimally invasive endourological techniques. This includes endoscopic lithotripsy techniques to reduce the urolith size prior to removal. In this context, stone repulsion constitutes an undesired effect of the mechanical impact on the stones and should therefore be minimized to facilitate the intervention and to improve its outcome. Objectives: To compare the repulsion characteristics of two stand-alone, handheld lithotripsy devices (LithoBreaker® and StoneBreaker™) and one Ho:YAG laser using dedicated test models. Materials and methods: Tests with single-use mechanical probes (1 and 2 mm in diameter) as well as Ho:YAG laser pulses delivered by optical fibers with core diameters of 230, 365 and 600 μm were conducted in underwater set-ups by measuring displacements of non-breakable spherical test masses (steel balls having diameters of 3–5 mm and masses of 0.12, 0.27 and 0.52 g respectively; and a lead ball with a diameter of 5 mm and a mass of 0.72 g). The tests were carried out in an acrylic glass tube with an inner diameter of 12 mm used as an ureter model and on a pendulum set-up. Additionally, hard and soft dampers were compared in case of the LithoBreaker®. Mean and standard deviations of the displacements and related quantities were evaluated for all sets of experiments and statistical analyses were performed (Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Shapiro-Wilk test) to test the influence of device type and device parameters. Results: The repulsion distance in the ureter model using the 1-mm probes was 19.4±1.9 cm with hard and 21.5±2.7 cm with soft damper for the LithoBreaker® device and 20.3±3.0 cm for the StoneBreaker™ device (with standard damper). The repulsion distance using the 2-mm probes was 14.8±1.3 cm with hard and 20.5±2.5 cm with soft damper for the LithoBreaker® and 17.1±2.0 cm for the StoneBreaker™. In pendulum tests, the 2-mm probes again resulted in smaller displacements than the 1-mm probes, except for the LithoBreaker® with soft damper. For a fixed probe diameter, no statistically significant influence of the damper was observed in case of the LithoBreaker® (p>0.05). However, the StoneBreaker™ with 2-mm probes produced smaller repulsions than the LithoBreaker® with 2-mm probes and hard damper. The pendulum tests with Ho:YAG laser pulses showed that the repulsion is proportional to the fiber core diameter and the laser pulse energy. The laser-induced momentum is about a factor 100 lower than the one generated with the mechanical lithotripsy devices. Conclusions: The electromechanical LithoBreaker® and the pneumatic StoneBreaker™ produced significantly different repulsions (p<0.05). The laser-induced momentum transfer is significantly lower compared to the mechanical lithotripsy devices (p<0.05). Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Die Steintherapie hat sich zunehmend hin zu minimal-invasiven endourologischen Techniken entwickelt. Dies schließt endoskopische Steinzert
背景:结石治疗已向微创泌尿系统技术发展。这包括内镜下碎石术，在手术前减少尿石的大小。在这种情况下，石头的排斥构成了对石头的机械冲击的不希望的影响，因此应尽量减少，以促进干预和改善其结果。目的:使用专用测试模型比较两种独立的手持式碎石设备(LithoBreaker®和StoneBreaker™)和一种Ho:YAG激光器的排斥力特性。材料和方法:采用一次性机械探头(直径为1和2 mm)和芯径为230、365和600 μm的光纤输送的Ho:YAG激光脉冲，在水下装置中通过测量不易破碎的球形试验质量(直径为3-5 mm，质量分别为0.12、0.27和0.52 g的钢球)的位移进行试验;和直径为5毫米，质量为0.72 g的铅球)。试验在内径为12毫米的丙烯酸玻璃管中进行，作为输尿管模型，并在摆摆装置上进行。此外，在碎石机®的情况下，比较了硬阻尼器和软阻尼器。对所有实验集的位移和相关量的均值和标准差进行评估，并进行统计分析(Student 's t检验、Mann-Whitney u检验、Shapiro-Wilk检验)，以检验设备类型和设备参数的影响。结果:使用1 mm探头的输尿管模型中，硬探头的斥力距离为19.4±1.9 cm，软探头的斥力距离为21.5±2.7 cm，标准探头的斥力距离为20.3±3.0 cm。使用2毫米探头的斥力距离为14.8±1.3 cm(硬阻尼)，20.5±2.5 cm(软阻尼)，LithoBreaker®和StoneBreaker™的斥力距离为17.1±2.0 cm(软阻尼)。在摆锤测试中，除了带有软阻尼器的LithoBreaker®外，2mm探头的位移也比1mm探头小。对于固定探头直径，碎石机®没有观察到阻尼器的统计显著影响(p>0.05)。然而，带有2mm探头的StoneBreaker产生的排斥比带有2mm探头和硬阻尼器的LithoBreaker产生的排斥更小。用Ho:YAG激光脉冲进行的摆试验表明，斥力与光纤芯径和激光脉冲能量成正比。激光诱导的动量比机械碎石装置产生的动量低约100倍。结论:机电碎石机®和气动碎石机™产生了显著不同的排斥力(p0,05)。Der StoneBreaker™mit 2 mm-Sonden erzeugte jedoch kleinere Rückstöße Der StoneBreaker®mit 2 mm-Sonden und hartem Dämpfer。Die Pendeltests mit Ho:YAG-Laserpulsen zeigten, dasass der rckstoß sich proportional zum Faserkerndurchmesser and der laserpulsenerggie verhält。激光工业脉冲系统是由激光工业驱动的，激光工业驱动的，激光工业驱动的，激光工业驱动的，激光机械驱动的Lithotripsie-Geräten激光工业驱动的。Schlussfolgerungen: Mit dem elektromechanischen LithoBreaker®和dem pneumatischen StoneBreaker™是显著的unterschiedliche Rückstöße erzeugt (p< 0.05)。激光诱导脉冲效应显著(p< 0.05) Lithotripsie-Geräten。
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