To evaluate the distribution and inter-device agreement of chord mu (C-µ) and chord alpha (C-α) lengths and axes across three imaging systems—Pentacam HR, Sirius, and IOLMaster 700—in healthy candidates for refractive surgery.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 101 healthy right eyes. C-µ and C-α were obtained from Pentacam HR, Sirius, and IOLMaster 700. Agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), circular correlation coefficients (CCC), Bland-Altman plots, and paired t-tests. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on refractive status and myopia severity.
Results
C-µ and C-α lengths were significantly greater in hyperopic than myopic eyes (C-µ: +0.11–0.13 mm; C-α: +0.15–0.16 mm; P < 0.001). No associations were found with gender or myopia severity. Inter-device agreement for C-µ length was moderate to good overall (ICC: 0.56–0.73), and best in hyperopic eyes (ICC: 0.79–0.91). For the C-µ axis, CCC values showed good agreement between Pentacam HR and Sirius (CCC = 0.81), and moderate agreement between Sirius–IOLMaster 700 (CCC = 0.70) and Pentacam HR–IOLMaster 700 (CCC = 0.68). C-α measurements (available only for Pentacam HR and IOLMaster 700) showed moderate agreement (ICC = 0.68, CCC = 0.51).
Conclusion
C-µ and C-α measurements vary significantly across devices, with the poorest agreement consistently observed between Pentacam HR and IOLMaster 700, particularly in myopic eyes. These discrepancies are clinically relevant when planning centration-sensitive procedures such as multifocal intraocular lens implantation or wavefront-guided laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis. Surgeons should account for inter-device variability and consider device-specific measurement biases when planning treatment.
{"title":"Distribution and inter-device agreement of chord mu/alpha lengths and axes between Pentacam HR, Sirius, and IOLMaster 700","authors":"Armin Doostparast , Maryam Ghandhari , Mohammadreza Rastegar , Amir Hossein Khosronejad , Mohammadreza Ghandhari , Alireza Eslampoor","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the distribution and inter-device agreement of chord mu (C-µ) and chord alpha (C-α) lengths and axes across three imaging systems—Pentacam HR, Sirius, and IOLMaster 700—in healthy candidates for refractive surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 101 healthy right eyes. C-µ and C-α were obtained from Pentacam HR, Sirius, and IOLMaster 700. Agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), circular correlation coefficients (CCC), Bland-Altman plots, and paired <em>t</em>-tests. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on refractive status and myopia severity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>C-µ and C-α lengths were significantly greater in hyperopic than myopic eyes (C-µ: +0.11–0.13 mm; C-α: +0.15–0.16 mm; P < 0.001). No associations were found with gender or myopia severity. Inter-device agreement for C-µ length was moderate to good overall (ICC: 0.56–0.73), and best in hyperopic eyes (ICC: 0.79–0.91). For the C-µ axis, CCC values showed good agreement between Pentacam HR and Sirius (CCC = 0.81), and moderate agreement between Sirius–IOLMaster 700 (CCC = 0.70) and Pentacam HR–IOLMaster 700 (CCC = 0.68). C-α measurements (available only for Pentacam HR and IOLMaster 700) showed moderate agreement (ICC = 0.68, CCC = 0.51).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>C-µ and C-α measurements vary significantly across devices, with the poorest agreement consistently observed between Pentacam HR and IOLMaster 700, particularly in myopic eyes. These discrepancies are clinically relevant when planning centration-sensitive procedures such as multifocal intraocular lens implantation or wavefront-guided laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis. Surgeons should account for inter-device variability and consider device-specific measurement biases when planning treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105279
Rongsi Sun , Yuqing Hu , Xiaoyi Shi, Yukun Yuan, Mengyi Zhu, Xiaolan Ding
Background
Non-cultured epidermal cell suspension (NCES) transplantation, as a cellular grafting technique to treat stable vitiligo, is gaining wider acceptance among dermatologists. However, the continuous dermoscopic characteristics of the vitiligo lesions treated with NCES transplantation have not been fully investigated.
Objective
To observe the dermoscopic features of vitiligo lesions treated with NCES transplantation and identify the repigmentation-associated indicators.
Methods
Patients with stable vitiligo were enrolled and received NCES transplantation. All patients were followed up and underwent dermoscopy examination of the recipient sites at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months postoperatively.
Results
Among 8 patches with excellent repigmentation (>80 % repigmentation), six dermoscopic features exhibited significant changes. The emergence of poorly-defined border and altered pigment network signified the appearance of repigmentation.
Conclusion
Dermoscopy can effectively and dynamically reflect subtle changes in vitiligo lesions treated with NCES transplantation.
{"title":"Analysis of dermoscopic characteristics in vitiligo lesions treated with autologous non-cultured epidermal cell suspension transplantation: A prospective study","authors":"Rongsi Sun , Yuqing Hu , Xiaoyi Shi, Yukun Yuan, Mengyi Zhu, Xiaolan Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-cultured epidermal cell suspension (NCES) transplantation, as a cellular grafting technique to treat stable vitiligo, is gaining wider acceptance among dermatologists. However, the continuous dermoscopic characteristics of the vitiligo lesions treated with NCES transplantation have not been fully investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To observe the dermoscopic features of vitiligo lesions treated with NCES transplantation and identify the repigmentation-associated indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with stable vitiligo were enrolled and received NCES transplantation. All patients were followed up and underwent dermoscopy examination of the recipient sites at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months postoperatively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 8 patches with excellent repigmentation (>80 % repigmentation), six dermoscopic features exhibited significant changes. The emergence of poorly-defined border and altered pigment network signified the appearance of repigmentation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dermoscopy can effectively and dynamically reflect subtle changes in vitiligo lesions treated with NCES transplantation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105297
Nkune Williams Nkune, Heidi Abrahamse
Biofilm-associated infections continue to pose a significant concern worldwide due to their inherent resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents and host immune defences. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) is a promising alternative to antibiotics, using photoactive molecules, photosensitisers (PSs), to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that destroy microbial cells. However, traditional PSs face challenges such as low solubility, limited biofilm penetration, and undesirable off-target toxicity, which limit their use in clinical settings. The utilisation of nanotechnology has revolutionised aPDI by overcoming these challenges, thereby enhancing PS solubility, stability, and intra-biofilm accumulation, while simultaneously enabling stimuli-responsive and actively targeted PS delivery. Various nanocarriers, such as polymeric, lipidic, inorganic, or hybrid types, have demonstrated significant potential to enhance ROS generation within the biofilm microenvironment and can be engineered to co-deliver antibiotics, chelators, DNase, or quorum-sensing inhibitors for synergistic antibacterial effects. The multifunctional systems also provide opportunities for photo-immunotherapeutic designs that combine ROS generation with immune stimulation. Although these developments have been successful, optimizing light dosimetry, PS quantum yields, biocompatibility, and large-scale translation remain significant challenges. Further progress in the development of mechanism-driven nanoplatforms and their standardization in clinical applications will be instrumental in establishing nano-aPDI as an effective treatment for resistant biofilm infections.
{"title":"Novel nanoplatforms for antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of bacterial biofilm infections","authors":"Nkune Williams Nkune, Heidi Abrahamse","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofilm-associated infections continue to pose a significant concern worldwide due to their inherent resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents and host immune defences. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) is a promising alternative to antibiotics, using photoactive molecules, photosensitisers (PSs), to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that destroy microbial cells. However, traditional PSs face challenges such as low solubility, limited biofilm penetration, and undesirable off-target toxicity, which limit their use in clinical settings. The utilisation of nanotechnology has revolutionised aPDI by overcoming these challenges, thereby enhancing PS solubility, stability, and intra-biofilm accumulation, while simultaneously enabling stimuli-responsive and actively targeted PS delivery. Various nanocarriers, such as polymeric, lipidic, inorganic, or hybrid types, have demonstrated significant potential to enhance ROS generation within the biofilm microenvironment and can be engineered to co-deliver antibiotics, chelators, DNase, or quorum-sensing inhibitors for synergistic antibacterial effects. The multifunctional systems also provide opportunities for photo-immunotherapeutic designs that combine ROS generation with immune stimulation. Although these developments have been successful, optimizing light dosimetry, PS quantum yields, biocompatibility, and large-scale translation remain significant challenges. Further progress in the development of mechanism-driven nanoplatforms and their standardization in clinical applications will be instrumental in establishing nano-aPDI as an effective treatment for resistant biofilm infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145590481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride photodynamic screening (5-ALA-PDS) is a tumor screening system that utilizes blood and urinary porphyrins following the administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) hydrochloride. Although 5-ALA-PDS has been extensively studied in various cancer species, healthy adults, it has not been systematically evaluated in healthy adults. This study examined differences in urinary and plasma 5-ALA and porphyrin concentrations in healthy adults, based on 5-ALA hydrochloride post-administration time, age and sex.
Methods
We orally administered 5-ALA hydrochloride (100 or 300 mg/body) to 120 healthy adults. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we determined the concentrations of 5-ALA, uroporphyrin I (UPI), uroporphyrin III (UPIII), coproporphyrin I (CPI), coproporphyrin III (CPIII), and protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in urine and plasma samples collected from the study participants before and at 4, 6, and 8 h after dosing. Urinary 5-ALA and porphyrins levels were adjusted for urinary creatinine levels.
Results
The total amount of CPI and III (CPI + III) in the urine consistently exceeded that of other porphyrins throughout the study. The levels of 5-ALA and porphyrins peaked at 4 h after 5-ALA hydrochloride administration. Women exhibited significantly higher levels of 5-ALA, total UPI + III, and CPI + III than did men. In the plasma, 5-ALA and PpIX levels increased at 4 h post-administration.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated the importance of comparing porphyrin concentrations in urine and plasma between cancer patients and healthy adults, stratified by sex and age group, in order to develop 5-ALA-PDS as an accurate method for cancer diagnosis.
{"title":"Temporal transition in urine and plasma porphyrin levels following 5-aminolevulinic acid administration in healthy adults","authors":"Tomoki Iida , Urara Ota , Kiwamu Takahashi , Masahiro Ishizuka , Fumiko Higashikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride photodynamic screening (5-ALA-PDS) is a tumor screening system that utilizes blood and urinary porphyrins following the administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) hydrochloride. Although 5-ALA-PDS has been extensively studied in various cancer species, healthy adults, it has not been systematically evaluated in healthy adults. This study examined differences in urinary and plasma 5-ALA and porphyrin concentrations in healthy adults, based on 5-ALA hydrochloride post-administration time, age and sex.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We orally administered 5-ALA hydrochloride (100 or 300 mg/body) to 120 healthy adults. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we determined the concentrations of 5-ALA, uroporphyrin I (UPI), uroporphyrin III (UPIII), coproporphyrin I (CPI), coproporphyrin III (CPIII), and protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in urine and plasma samples collected from the study participants before and at 4, 6, and 8 h after dosing. Urinary 5-ALA and porphyrins levels were adjusted for urinary creatinine levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total amount of CPI and III (CPI + III) in the urine consistently exceeded that of other porphyrins throughout the study. The levels of 5-ALA and porphyrins peaked at 4 h after 5-ALA hydrochloride administration. Women exhibited significantly higher levels of 5-ALA, total UPI + III, and CPI + III than did men. In the plasma, 5-ALA and PpIX levels increased at 4 h post-administration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrated the importance of comparing porphyrin concentrations in urine and plasma between cancer patients and healthy adults, stratified by sex and age group, in order to develop 5-ALA-PDS as an accurate method for cancer diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105249
Yumeng M. Li, Fabrizio Galimberti
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Treatment of erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp using aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy: A report of 2 cases” [Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Volume 54 (2025): 104656]","authors":"Yumeng M. Li, Fabrizio Galimberti","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105284
Zi-Ting Li , Qiang Yang , Wei-Feng Liu , Jie Zhou , Xue-Mei Zeng , Li-Li Liu
Objective
To investigate alterations in macular microstructure and visual function before and after surgical intervention for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM).
Methods
A retrospective case series was conducted involving 26 eyes from 26 patients diagnosed with iERM at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University between May and August 2022. Evaluated parameters included central foveal thickness (CFT), cone outer segment tip (COST) line length, ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption diameter, extent of disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL), and ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GC‒IPL) thickness. Visual function was assessed using best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) expressed in logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) units and metamorphopsia severity measured by the M-score.
Results
Significant improvements in BCVA were observed at 1-, 3-, and 6-months following surgery (p < 0.05). Both CFT and DRIL extent were significantly reduced at all postoperative timepoints (p < 0.05). Significant differences in COST line length and EZ disruption diameter were noted at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). Postoperative improvements in BCVA were significantly correlated with reductions in CFT across all timepoints and with changes in COST length and GC-IPL thickness at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.05). Greater preoperative DRIL extent and EZ disruption diameter were positively correlated with worse BCVA at all postoperative timepoints (p < 0.01). Changes in CFT, COST line length, and GC-IPL thickness were significantly associated with corresponding changes in M-scores (p < 0.05). DRIL extent was significantly associated with M-scores at 1 and 3 months (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Surgical intervention for iERM led to significant improvements in both BCVA and metamorphopsia. Recovery of visual function was significantly associated with specific macular microstructure alterations, particularly changes in CFT, COST line length, DRIL extent, and GC-IPL thickness.
{"title":"Association between macular microstructural alterations and visual function following surgery for idiopathic epiretinal membrane","authors":"Zi-Ting Li , Qiang Yang , Wei-Feng Liu , Jie Zhou , Xue-Mei Zeng , Li-Li Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate alterations in macular microstructure and visual function before and after surgical intervention for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective case series was conducted involving 26 eyes from 26 patients diagnosed with iERM at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University between May and August 2022. Evaluated parameters included central foveal thickness (CFT), cone outer segment tip (COST) line length, ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption diameter, extent of disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL), and ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GC‒IPL) thickness. Visual function was assessed using best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) expressed in logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) units and metamorphopsia severity measured by the M-score.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant improvements in BCVA were observed at 1-, 3-, and 6-months following surgery (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Both CFT and DRIL extent were significantly reduced at all postoperative timepoints (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Significant differences in COST line length and EZ disruption diameter were noted at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Postoperative improvements in BCVA were significantly correlated with reductions in CFT across all timepoints and with changes in COST length and GC-IPL thickness at 3 and 6 months (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Greater preoperative DRIL extent and EZ disruption diameter were positively correlated with worse BCVA at all postoperative timepoints (<em>p</em> < 0.01). Changes in CFT, COST line length, and GC-IPL thickness were significantly associated with corresponding changes in M-scores (<em>p</em> < 0.05). DRIL extent was significantly associated with M-scores at 1 and 3 months (<em>p</em> < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Surgical intervention for iERM led to significant improvements in both BCVA and metamorphopsia. Recovery of visual function was significantly associated with specific macular microstructure alterations, particularly changes in CFT, COST line length, DRIL extent, and GC-IPL thickness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145524976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105298
Judit Korponai, Eva Remenyik, Emese Gellén
Background
Photoaging refers to the cumulative structural and functional changes in the skin caused by chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, distinct from chronological (intrinsic) aging. Among available interventions, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has demonstrated not only anti-tumor efficacy but also skin rejuvenating effects. To evaluate treatment outcomes objectively, modern non-invasive imaging technologies are increasingly applied in dermatology. This review aims to summarize the use of in vivo imaging tools—Antera 3D, VISIA complexion analysis system, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM)—to assess the clinical efficacy of PDT and other interventions for photoaging.
Methods
A PubMed search was conducted up to May 2024. Eligible studies included human participants, a minimum follow-up period of three months, treatment of photoaged facial or décolleté skin, and an objective assessment using one of the four imaging modalities. Seventeen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria.
Results
The reviewed imaging modalities demonstrated complementary strengths. The Antera 3D and VISIA systems provide rapid and reproducible quantification of wrinkles, pigmentation, and vascular changes. OCT enables cross-sectional analysis of the epidermis and dermis, particularly collagen density and dermo-epidermal junction architecture. RCM offers near-histological resolution of epidermal and superficial dermal structures, capturing cellular and extracellular matrix changes. These modalities confirmed clinically visible improvements in photoaging after PDT and other rejuvenation procedures.
Conclusion
PDT and other interventions can partially reverse the clinical signs of photoaging. In vivo imaging tools enhance objectivity in treatment monitoring. A multimodal imaging approach may represent the future standard for both clinical and research settings.
{"title":"Revealing the invisible: In vivo imaging for photoaging therapies- review of the literature","authors":"Judit Korponai, Eva Remenyik, Emese Gellén","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Photoaging refers to the cumulative structural and functional changes in the skin caused by chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, distinct from chronological (intrinsic) aging. Among available interventions, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has demonstrated not only anti-tumor efficacy but also skin rejuvenating effects. To evaluate treatment outcomes objectively, modern non-invasive imaging technologies are increasingly applied in dermatology. This review aims to summarize the use of in vivo imaging tools—Antera 3D, VISIA complexion analysis system, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM)—to assess the clinical efficacy of PDT and other interventions for photoaging.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A PubMed search was conducted up to May 2024. Eligible studies included human participants, a minimum follow-up period of three months, treatment of photoaged facial or décolleté skin, and an objective assessment using one of the four imaging modalities. Seventeen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The reviewed imaging modalities demonstrated complementary strengths. The Antera 3D and VISIA systems provide rapid and reproducible quantification of wrinkles, pigmentation, and vascular changes. OCT enables cross-sectional analysis of the epidermis and dermis, particularly collagen density and dermo-epidermal junction architecture. RCM offers near-histological resolution of epidermal and superficial dermal structures, capturing cellular and extracellular matrix changes. These modalities confirmed clinically visible improvements in photoaging after PDT and other rejuvenation procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PDT and other interventions can partially reverse the clinical signs of photoaging. In vivo imaging tools enhance objectivity in treatment monitoring. A multimodal imaging approach may represent the future standard for both clinical and research settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous malignancy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown promise as a treatment option for various skin cancers, including EMPD. This study aims to assess the clinical effectiveness of PDT in treating 15 cases of EMPD.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 15 patients diagnosed with EMPD in the Oncology Department of Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from June 2014 to December 2024, all of whom received PDT as part of their treatment. According to the therapeutic regimens, patients were stratified into three cohorts: group A received systemic hematoporphyrin-derivative (HpD) PDT (with or without sequential ALA-PDT); group B underwent surgical excision followed by ALA-PDT as an adjunct; and group C was treated with ALA-PDT alone. Clinical outcomes, including lesion regression, recurrence rates, and adverse events, were evaluated during the follow-up period.
Results
The treatment of EMPD with PDT resulted in significant clinical improvement in most patients. Complete remission was achieved in 6 of 15 patients (40 %), partial remission was observed in 7 patients (46.7 %). In Group A, complete response was observed in 2 patients, partial response in 6 patients, and minimal response in 1 patient. All three patients in Group B achieved complete response. Group C had one patient in each category (CR 33 %, PR 33 %, MR 33 %). Treatment response was significantly more favourable in group B, in which all patients achieved a complete response (ordered logistic regression, P = 0.031; Group B vs Group A, OR = 18.0). However, among the six patients who achieved complete remission, four experienced disease recurrence during the subsequent follow-up period. The most common complaint was pain. Local infection and scarring were also observed in a small proportion of patients.
Conclusions
PDT shows promising results as a non-invasive treatment option for EMPD, providing a favorable balance between effectiveness and safety. The short-term efficacy of photodynamic therapy is highly encouraging; however, its long-term efficacy remains suboptimal. For patients who are unwilling or unsuitable for surgery, photodynamic therapy is a viable alternative. Although photodynamic therapy can achieve complete remission of lesions in some patients, its cure rate is relatively low, and there is a risk of recurrence. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings and investigate long-term outcomes.
{"title":"Photodynamic therapy for extramammary paget’s disease: A retrospective analysis of 15 cases","authors":"Feng Chen, Lingling Sun, Ruifang Zeng, Xiaohua Chen, Libo Li, Xiaojun Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous malignancy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown promise as a treatment option for various skin cancers, including EMPD. This study aims to assess the clinical effectiveness of PDT in treating 15 cases of EMPD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 15 patients diagnosed with EMPD in the Oncology Department of Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from June 2014 to December 2024, all of whom received PDT as part of their treatment. According to the therapeutic regimens, patients were stratified into three cohorts: group A received systemic hematoporphyrin-derivative (HpD) PDT (with or without sequential ALA-PDT); group B underwent surgical excision followed by ALA-PDT as an adjunct; and group C was treated with ALA-PDT alone. Clinical outcomes, including lesion regression, recurrence rates, and adverse events, were evaluated during the follow-up period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The treatment of EMPD with PDT resulted in significant clinical improvement in most patients. Complete remission was achieved in 6 of 15 patients (40 %), partial remission was observed in 7 patients (46.7 %). In Group A, complete response was observed in 2 patients, partial response in 6 patients, and minimal response in 1 patient. All three patients in Group B achieved complete response. Group C had one patient in each category (CR 33 %, PR 33 %, MR 33 %). Treatment response was significantly more favourable in group B, in which all patients achieved a complete response (ordered logistic regression, <em>P</em> = 0.031; Group B vs Group A, OR = 18.0). However, among the six patients who achieved complete remission, four experienced disease recurrence during the subsequent follow-up period. The most common complaint was pain. Local infection and scarring were also observed in a small proportion of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PDT shows promising results as a non-invasive treatment option for EMPD, providing a favorable balance between effectiveness and safety. The short-term efficacy of photodynamic therapy is highly encouraging; however, its long-term efficacy remains suboptimal. For patients who are unwilling or unsuitable for surgery, photodynamic therapy is a viable alternative. Although photodynamic therapy can achieve complete remission of lesions in some patients, its cure rate is relatively low, and there is a risk of recurrence. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings and investigate long-term outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105295
Ying Peng , Qiong Gao , Yibin Fan , Yangyan Yi , Yan Teng
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Skin photoaging, a degenerative skin process driven primarily by chronic ultraviolet radiation exposure, has become a key focus in dermatological research and clinical practice, with growing demand for effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. Despite the expansion of research in this field, no systematic bibliometric analysis has characterized the global research landscape of photoaging therapy over the past decade, leaving a gap in understanding its developmental trajectory.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrieved publications related to photoaging therapy from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection, with data searches and exports completed on August 26, 2025. The search covered literature published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2024, using the strategy: TS= (“skin photoaging” OR “photoaging” OR “photoaging of skin” OR “solar aging of skin”) AND TS= (therapy OR therapies OR treatment). After screening for publication timeframe (2015–2024), document types (articles and reviews), and language (English), 1172 eligible articles were included. Data analysis was performed using CiteSpace (Version 6.4.R1), VOSviewer (Version 1.6.20), Tableau (2025.2) and Excel (v2021) to examine annual publication trends, global distribution of research output, productivity and influence of countries, institutions, journals, and authors, collaborative networks, reference co-citations, and keyword co-occurrences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the 2015–2024 period, research on photoaging therapy showed a steady upward trend in annual publications, increasing from 60 in 2015 to 199 in 2024 (a more than threefold growth). A total of 75 countries/regions, 1831 institutions, and 5860 authors contributed to the field. China led in publication volume (336 papers, 28.67%), followed by the United States (232 papers, 19.8%) and South Korea (231 papers, 19.71%), though China’s citation-per-publication rate (14.92) was relatively low. Among institutions, Kyung Hee University (South Korea) was the most productive (40 papers, 822 citations), while China Medical University (China) had the highest citation-per-publication ratio (29.32) among top institutions. The Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published the most relevant papers (70), and the International Journal of Molecular Sciences had the highest total citations (1390, IF=4.9). Hwang, Eunson (21 papers) was the most productive author, with top authors predominantly affiliated with Kyung Hee University. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified four core clusters: ultraviolet radiation-induced damage and mechanisms, photoaging-related skin diseases, prevention/treatment strategies, and pigmentation regulation/local therapies. Emerging research trends included the use of exosomes, microRNA, NF-κB signaling modulation, and platelet-rich plasma for regenerative repair.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This comprehensive bibliometric analysis quantifies the
背景：皮肤光老化是一种主要由慢性紫外线照射引起的皮肤退行性过程，已成为皮肤病学研究和临床实践的重点，对有效预防和治疗策略的需求日益增长。尽管这一领域的研究不断扩大，但在过去十年中，还没有系统的文献计量分析来描述光老化疗法的全球研究格局，这在理解其发展轨迹方面留下了空白。方法：我们从Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection中检索光老化治疗相关的出版物，数据检索和导出于2025年8月26日完成。搜索涵盖了2015年1月1日至2024年12月31日之间发表的文献，使用的策略是：TS=（“皮肤光老化”或“光老化”或“皮肤光老化”或“皮肤太阳老化”）和TS=（治疗或治疗或治疗）。经过出版时间（2015-2024年）、文献类型（文章和综述）和语言（英语）筛选，1172篇符合条件的文章被纳入。使用CiteSpace （Version 6.4）进行数据分析。R1), VOSviewer（版本1.6.20），Tableau（2025.2）和Excel （v2021）来检查年度出版趋势，研究产出的全球分布，国家，机构，期刊和作者的生产力和影响力，协作网络，参考文献共同引用和关键词共同出现。结果：2015-2024年期间，光老化疗法的研究年度发表数量呈稳步上升趋势，从2015年的60篇增加到2024年的199篇（增长超过3倍）。共有75个国家/地区、1831个机构和5860位作者对该领域做出了贡献。中国发表论文数量最多（336篇，占28.67%），其次是美国（232篇，占19.8%）和韩国（231篇，占19.71%），但中国的每次发表被引率（14.92）相对较低。在各大学中，韩国庆熙大学（40篇论文，822次引用）的论文产出最高，中国医科大学（29.32次）的论文引用率最高。《Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology》发表的相关论文最多（70篇），《International Journal of Molecular Sciences》的总引用次数最多（1390次，IF=4.9）。黄禹锡（21篇论文）是最多产的作者，主要作者都是庆熙大学的下属。关键词共现分析确定了四个核心集群：紫外线辐射引起的损伤和机制、光老化相关皮肤病、预防/治疗策略和色素沉着调节/局部治疗。新兴的研究趋势包括使用外泌体、microRNA、NF-κB信号调节和富血小板血浆进行再生修复。结论：该综合文献计量分析量化了2015年至2024年全球光老化治疗的研究格局和趋势，突出了该领域的快速扩张、关键贡献实体和核心研究主题。它确定了新兴方向（例如，基于外泌体的干预，炎症信号调节）和差距（例如，顶级机构之间有限的区域合作，提高中国出版物引用影响的需求）。这项研究为指导未来的研究、促进国际合作、加速光老化治疗的基础科学向临床实践的转化提供了有价值的见解。
{"title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of the Global Research Landscape and Trends in Photoaging Therapy (2015–2024)","authors":"Ying Peng , Qiong Gao , Yibin Fan , Yangyan Yi , Yan Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Skin photoaging, a degenerative skin process driven primarily by chronic ultraviolet radiation exposure, has become a key focus in dermatological research and clinical practice, with growing demand for effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. Despite the expansion of research in this field, no systematic bibliometric analysis has characterized the global research landscape of photoaging therapy over the past decade, leaving a gap in understanding its developmental trajectory.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrieved publications related to photoaging therapy from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection, with data searches and exports completed on August 26, 2025. The search covered literature published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2024, using the strategy: TS= (“skin photoaging” OR “photoaging” OR “photoaging of skin” OR “solar aging of skin”) AND TS= (therapy OR therapies OR treatment). After screening for publication timeframe (2015–2024), document types (articles and reviews), and language (English), 1172 eligible articles were included. Data analysis was performed using CiteSpace (Version 6.4.R1), VOSviewer (Version 1.6.20), Tableau (2025.2) and Excel (v2021) to examine annual publication trends, global distribution of research output, productivity and influence of countries, institutions, journals, and authors, collaborative networks, reference co-citations, and keyword co-occurrences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the 2015–2024 period, research on photoaging therapy showed a steady upward trend in annual publications, increasing from 60 in 2015 to 199 in 2024 (a more than threefold growth). A total of 75 countries/regions, 1831 institutions, and 5860 authors contributed to the field. China led in publication volume (336 papers, 28.67%), followed by the United States (232 papers, 19.8%) and South Korea (231 papers, 19.71%), though China’s citation-per-publication rate (14.92) was relatively low. Among institutions, Kyung Hee University (South Korea) was the most productive (40 papers, 822 citations), while China Medical University (China) had the highest citation-per-publication ratio (29.32) among top institutions. The Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published the most relevant papers (70), and the International Journal of Molecular Sciences had the highest total citations (1390, IF=4.9). Hwang, Eunson (21 papers) was the most productive author, with top authors predominantly affiliated with Kyung Hee University. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified four core clusters: ultraviolet radiation-induced damage and mechanisms, photoaging-related skin diseases, prevention/treatment strategies, and pigmentation regulation/local therapies. Emerging research trends included the use of exosomes, microRNA, NF-κB signaling modulation, and platelet-rich plasma for regenerative repair.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This comprehensive bibliometric analysis quantifies the","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145597218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105280
Mengting Chen, Yuxuan Wu , Lifeng Wang, Li Li, Xiuxiang Zhu, Ziyin Xia, Hang Li, Ling Xu
The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (5-ALA-PDT) and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for treating cervical high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in patients of childbearing age. We conducted a prospective study of 67 women diagnosed with cervical HSIL from January 2022 to June 2024 in Minhang Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University. A total of 60 patients were finally included in this clinical trial. They were assigned to two groups. 30 cases received 5-ALA-PDT, and 30 cases underwent LEEP. All patients were followed up at 6 months and 12 months after treatment, including HPV testing, cytology, and colposcopy examination. 6 months after treatment, the HPV clearance rates in the 5-ALA-PDT group were similar to the LEEP group, both groups were 80.00 % (P = 1.00). The cure rates in both groups were 80.00 %, and the improvement rates were 20.00 % (P = 1.00). 12 months after treatment, the HPV clearance rate in the 5-ALA-PDT group was marginally higher than the rate observed in the LEEP group (90.00 % vs. 83.33 %, P = 0.448). The cure rate in the 5-ALA-PDT group was marginally higher than that in the LEEP group (86.67 % vs. 83.33 %, P = 0.718). The incidence of adverse reactions in the 5-ALA-PDT group was significantly lower than that in the LEEP group for the treatment of cervical HSIL (3.33 % vs. 30.00 %, P < 0.05). For patients of reproductive age with cervical HSIL, 5-ALA-PDT treatment for cervical HSIL is an effective and safe treatment option.
本研究的目的是比较5-氨基乙酰丙酸光动力疗法（5-ALA-PDT）和环形电切术（LEEP）治疗育龄患者宫颈高级别上皮内病变（HSIL）的有效性。我们对2022年1月至2024年6月在复旦大学附属闵行医院诊断为宫颈HSIL的67名女性进行了前瞻性研究。最终共有60例患者被纳入该临床试验。他们被分为两组。5-ALA-PDT治疗30例，LEEP治疗30例。所有患者在治疗后6个月和12个月随访，包括HPV检测、细胞学检查和阴道镜检查。治疗6个月后，5-ALA-PDT组HPV清除率与LEEP组相似，均为80.00% （P = 1.00）。两组治愈率为80.00%，改善率为20.00% （P = 1.00）。治疗12个月后，5-ALA-PDT组HPV清除率略高于LEEP组（90.00%比83.33%,P = 0.448）。5-ALA-PDT组治愈率略高于LEEP组（86.67% vs. 83.33%, P = 0.718）。5-ALA-PDT组治疗宫颈HSIL不良反应发生率显著低于LEEP组（3.33% vs. 30.00%, P < 0.05）。对于育龄宫颈HSIL患者，5-ALA-PDT治疗宫颈HSIL是一种有效且安全的治疗选择。
{"title":"A non-inferiority study of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (5-ALA-PDT) for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix in patients of childbearing age: A non-randomized controlled prospective study","authors":"Mengting Chen, Yuxuan Wu , Lifeng Wang, Li Li, Xiuxiang Zhu, Ziyin Xia, Hang Li, Ling Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (5-ALA-PDT) and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for treating cervical high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in patients of childbearing age. We conducted a prospective study of 67 women diagnosed with cervical HSIL from January 2022 to June 2024 in Minhang Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University. A total of 60 patients were finally included in this clinical trial. They were assigned to two groups. 30 cases received 5-ALA-PDT, and 30 cases underwent LEEP. All patients were followed up at 6 months and 12 months after treatment, including HPV testing, cytology, and colposcopy examination. 6 months after treatment, the HPV clearance rates in the 5-ALA-PDT group were similar to the LEEP group, both groups were 80.00 % (<em>P</em> = 1.00). The cure rates in both groups were 80.00 %, and the improvement rates were 20.00 % (<em>P</em> = 1.00). 12 months after treatment, the HPV clearance rate in the 5-ALA-PDT group was marginally higher than the rate observed in the LEEP group (90.00 % vs. 83.33 %, <em>P</em> = 0.448). The cure rate in the 5-ALA-PDT group was marginally higher than that in the LEEP group (86.67 % vs. 83.33 %, <em>P</em> = 0.718). The incidence of adverse reactions in the 5-ALA-PDT group was significantly lower than that in the LEEP group for the treatment of cervical HSIL (3.33 % vs. 30.00 %, <em>P</em> < 0.05). For patients of reproductive age with cervical HSIL, 5-ALA-PDT treatment for cervical HSIL is an effective and safe treatment option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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