Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of the effects of photodynamic therapy on the brain: A review of the literature","authors":"Paweł Woźnicki ,&nbsp;Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Przygórzewska ,&nbsp;David Aebisher","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malignant gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. These tumors have a diverse molecular origin and a very poor prognosis. There is a lack of effective treatment at WHO grade IV glioma, and all glioblastomas progress or recur. Current treatments including surgical intervention, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are insufficient and can cause damage to healthy brain tissue and neurological deficits. The preservation of healthy brain tissue during therapeutic intervention is made extremely difficult by the ability of malignant gliomas to diffusely infiltrate the surrounding brain parenchyma. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality for glioma that can possibly overcome the inherent shortcommings of traditional therapies. Photodynamic therapy involves the use of a photosensitizer (PS) which, upon absorption of light by photosensitized tissue, triggers photochemical reactions generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to the killing of tumor cells. Research focusing on the effective use of PDT in the treatment of glioma is already underway with promising results. Clinical studies on PDT for the treatment of gliomas have shown it to be a safe therapeutic modality with acceptable levels of side effects. However, some adverse sequelae have been observed during PDT of these tumours, such as increased photosensitivity, increased intracranial pressure or transient aphasia and worsening of pre-existing neurological deficits. Although the clinical sequelae of PDT are well described, the molecular mechanisms of PDT's effects on the healthy brain have not yet been thoroughly characterized. In our work, we attempt to summarize the molecular mechanisms of the effects of photosensitization on neural tissue, brain vasculature and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We also point to findings presenting molecular approaches to protect the healthy brain from the adverse effects of photodynamic damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant bronchoscopic photodynamic therapy to facilitate airway and parenchymal sparing lobectomies in two patients with central airway neuroendocrine tumors: A patient centered approach","authors":"Samridhi Gulati ,&nbsp;Julieta Osella ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Lam ,&nbsp;John P. Egan III","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>NCCN guidelines recommend surgical resection for well differentiated pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), also known as carcinoid tumors, when they present in the lungs. Fortunately, most pulmonary NETs will not require extensive surgical resection beyond a lobectomy. We report two cases in which large pulmonary NETs would have required more extensive surgical resection, including a carinal pneumonectomy and a left lower lobe sleeve resection. However, after taking patient's preferences into account, neoadjuvant photodynamic therapy was able to decrease the overall tumor burden helping to facilitate airway and parenchymal sparing surgical lobectomies.</div></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><div>Interventional pulmonology (IP) and Cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) discussed options extensively with each patient and formulated a plan to perform neoadjuvant bronchoscopic followed by surgical resection if there were any remaining NET on follow up bronchoscopy. Both patients received infusions of porfimer sodium (Photofrin ®, Pinnacle Biologics) at 2mg/kg. Per standard protocol, they each underwent a series of bronchoscopies 48 h after infusion, in which endobronchial NET was illuminated with a fiberoptic catheter delivering up to 200J/cm per treatment. After the initial illumination bronchoscopy, a cryo probe was used to debulk necrotic tumor and allow for repeat illumination of residual tumor. Both patients received extensive education on avoiding phototoxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Outcomes</h3><div>Both patients underwent follow up restaging bronchoscopies revealing cleared central airways and only residual NET at the subsegmental level. As such, both underwent lobectomies, avoiding more extensive surgical resection. Both are free of disease at four years and 18 months follow up, respectively. Both patients were satisfied with their outcomes and the autonomy they were given in formulating their treatment plan.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While photodynamic therapy has been shown to be an effective stand alone, neoadjuvant, and adjuvant therapy for pulmonary NETs, surgical resection is still required in select patients. We present two cases of in which desired patient outcomes led to the use of neoadjuvant PDT to help facilitate airway and parenchymal sparing lobectomies, thus avoiding more extensive surgical resection and possible long-term morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing visible retinal area in pediatric ultra-widefield fundus imaging: The effectiveness of mydriasis and eyelid lifting","authors":"Qingxia Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Xiao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The increase in visible retinal area (VRA) enhances the detection of peripheral retinal pathologies. This study aims to maximize the VRA in children using ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional, observational study included 53 children (106 eyes) who underwent examination in the Ophthalmology Department of Zhoupu Hospital from February to October 2023. Fundus images were captured using the ultra-widefield Optos imaging system (Daytona P200T). Parameters such as uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), Spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL), non-contact tonometry (NCT), and pupil diameters (both undilated and dilated) were measured. A custom image segmentation tool based on deep learning technology was used to quantify the VRA. The eyes were categorized into four groups: undilated without eyelid lifting, undilated with eyelid lifting, dilated without eyelid lifting, and dilated with eyelid lifting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences in VRA between the four groups (χ² = 79.686, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Mydriasis increased VRA by 8.4 % (<em>P</em> = 0.001), eyelid lifting increased VRA by 18.1 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and combining both increased VRA by 20 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). UCVA was negatively correlated with VRA in the undilated condition without eyelid lifting (<em>r</em>= -0.237, <em>P</em> = 0.014), SER was negatively correlated with VRA and AL was positively correlated with VRA under dilation without eyelid lifting (<em>r</em> = -0.310, <em>P</em> = 0.001; <em>r</em> = 0.264, <em>P</em> = 0.006).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Combining mydriasis with manual eyelid lifting significantly enhances the VRA in UWF fundus imaging, effectively mitigating the effects of artifacts caused by eyelashes and eyelids. This technique improves the detection rate of peripheral retinal pathologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of photodynamic therapy combined with Anti-VEGF vs. Anti-VEGF monotherapy on choriocapillaris vessel density in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy","authors":"Po-Chin Kuo ,&nbsp;Sheng-Min Hsu ,&nbsp;Yi-Hsun Huang ,&nbsp;Chun-Hsiang Chang ,&nbsp;Yi-Sheng Chang ,&nbsp;Jia-Horung Hung ,&nbsp;Chun-Chieh Lai ,&nbsp;Yu-Kuei Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare the choriocapillaris vessel density between intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis) (IVR) plus photodynamic therapy (PDT) and intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea) (IVA) monotherapy in patients experiencing polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>An observational, retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects</h3><div>Adults with treatment-naïve PCV.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention</h3><div>IVR plus PDT or IVA monotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>After propensity-score (PS) matching, study outcomes were compared at 1 month after the final treatment. The primary outcome was a choriocapillaris vessel density, recognized by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The secondary outcomes included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), presence of retinal hemorrhage, central macular thickness (CMT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Initially, 23 patients receiving IVR plus PDT, and 75 patients receiving IVA monotherapy were included. After PS-matching, 19 eyes of 19 patients receiving IVR plus PDT and 38 eyes of 38 patients receiving IVA monotherapy were analyzed. A significantly lower choriocapillaris vessel density in the IVR plus PDT group than the IVA monotherapy group (41.9 % vs. 52.2 %, <em>p</em> = 0.009) was demonstrated. The similarity of the BCVA, occurrence and severity of retinal hemorrhage, CMT, and SFCT between two treatment groups was exhibited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The choriocapillaris vessel density was significantly reduced in PCV patients treated with IVR plus PDT compared to those receiving IVA monotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of subclinical hypothyroidism on retinal blood flow. OCT angiography study","authors":"Irfan Botan Gunes ,&nbsp;Eda Demir Onal","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate retinal blood flow and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in untreated subclinical hypothyroid patients by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-four eyes of 44 patients in the subclinical hypothyroidism group (SCHG) and 42 eyes of 42 healthy subjects in the control group (CG) were included in the study. Macular superficial retinal blood flow (SRBF), peripapillary RNFL thickness and optic nerve head cup to disk ratio (C/D) were measured and recorded by OCT angiography and compared between the patient and control groups. Correlation analysis between disease duration and SRBF and RNFL thickness was also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean SRBF was 37.23 ± 2.11 in the SCH group and 38.45±1.20 in the control group. Mean SRBF was significantly lower in the SCH group (p=0.003). Mean Peripapillary RNFL thickness was 98.18±7.77 in the SCH group and 100.07 ± 7.71 in control group. Peripapillary RNFL thickness was not significantly different between groups (p=0.290). There was no significant difference in mean C/D between the groups (p=0.708). Correlation analysis showed a moderate negative correlation between duration of disease diagnosis and SRBF in the SCH group (p&lt;0.001, r=-0.564). There was also a weak to moderate negative correlation between disease duration and RNFL thickness in SCH group (p=0.002, r=-0.489).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A reduction in SRBF was observed in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Additionally, a negative correlation was identified between disease duration and RNFL thickness. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism should be monitored for potential retinal vascular disease and the development of normotensive glaucoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supramolecular gels for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against E. coli and S. aureus","authors":"Kavya Anguluri ,&nbsp;Bunty Sharma ,&nbsp;Saman Bagherpour ,&nbsp;Ana C. Calpena ,&nbsp;Lyda Halbaut ,&nbsp;David B. Amabilino ,&nbsp;Gurpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Ganga Ram Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Lluïsa Pérez-García","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Singlet oxygen (SO) reacts with organic molecules, for example in degrading environmental contaminants and causing toxicity to cells in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The relevance of SO in the environmental and biomedical domains has fuelled research towards improved methodologies for its efficient generation. In this paper, we report the use of a bis-imidazolium-based amphiphile that forms supramolecular gels in water-ethanol mixtures encapsulating SO generating chromophores. The gels comprise twisted fibres that incorporate one of four different porphyrins: 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(<em>N</em>-methyl-4-pyridinium)porphyrin tetraiodide (TPPP), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (TPP-3OH) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (TPP-4OH). Rheological measurements confirmed viscoelastic properties characteristic of these types of supramolecular gels, suggesting their potential as effective local PDT delivery systems. Enhanced SO generation within the hydrogel matrix compared to the solution of the chromophores was observed in suspension in a spectrophotometer using uric acid as the molecular probe. The SO generation was also shown through antimicrobial PDT (aPDT) studies. The TPPP-containing gel showed the highest reduction in the colony forming unit (CFU) count, which is 94% against <em>E. coli</em> and 100% against <em>S. aureus</em>. These results indicate that the porphyrin gels based on a gemini amphiphile with a high level of SO production are of significant interest and have a lot of potential use in aPDT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and different image modalities in uveal melanoma diagnosis and prognosis: A narrative review","authors":"Atefeh Tahmasebzadeh ,&nbsp;Mahdi Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Masood Naseripour ,&nbsp;Reza Mirshahi ,&nbsp;Reza Ghaderi","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The most widespread primary intraocular tumor in adults is called uveal melanoma (UM), if detected early enough, it can be curable. Various methods are available to treat UM, but the most commonly used and effective approach is plaque radiotherapy using Iodine-125 and Ruthenium-106.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The authors performed searches to distinguish relevant studies from 2017 to 2024 by three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Imaging technologies such as ultrasound (US), fundus photography (FP), optical coherent tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), and magnetic resonance images (MRI) play a vital role in the diagnosis and prognosis of UM. The present review assessed the power of different image modalities when integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) to diagnose and prognosis of patients affected by UM.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Finally, after reviewing the studies conducted, it was concluded that AI is a developing tool in image analysis and enhances workflows in diagnosis from data and image processing to clinical decisions, improving tailored treatment scenarios, response prediction, and prognostication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of keratometry assessment between IOLMaster and Pentacam in dry eyes","authors":"Fei Yang ,&nbsp;Jiayin Qin ,&nbsp;Xijuan Wang ,&nbsp;Mingwu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To compare the keratometry measurements between IOLMaster and Pentacam in dry eyes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 122 eyes of 95 age-related cataract patients with dry eye disease were enrolled in this study. Keratometry measurements including flat and steep keratometry (K), mean keratometry, axis of the flat K, astigmatism of anterior corneal surface (A-ACS) were obtained using IOLMaster and Pentacam. A second series of examinations were performed 1 min after instillation of artificial tears. Values of keratometry measured by two devices were compared both before and after using artificial tears. Changes of the above parameters in each device were also analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean flat K of IOLMaster was significantly lower than Pentacam. A-ACS was significantly larger in IOLMaster than in Pentacam, with a mean discrepancy of 0.46 D and an upper limit of 95 % LoA of 1.48 D. The 95 % LoA for flat K axis also exceeded the clinically relevant margin. Keratometry and A-ACS measurements were significantly modified after instillation of artificial tears. None of the above parameters showed significant difference between two devices except for A-ACS, with the mean difference decreased to 0.17 D with 95 % LoA of -0.20 to 0.54 D. Intra device comparison showed that changes of A-ACS and flat K axis measured with IOLMaster were greater than those measured with Pentacam.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dry eye has significantly greater impact on keratometry measured with IOLMaster than with Pentacam. For cases with A-ACS between the two devices over 0.5 D, artificial tears are recommended before performing biometry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of repeated low-level red-light therapy on myopia control in children with intermittent exotropia","authors":"Yichao Qian ,&nbsp;Xiangyun Li ,&nbsp;Yawen Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Qi ,&nbsp;Gang Yu ,&nbsp;Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Lili Guo ,&nbsp;Wenjing Ku ,&nbsp;Xuehan Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The optimal myopia control measures for children with intermittent exotropia (IXT) have yet to be determined. This study evaluates the impact of Repeated low-level red-light therapy (RLRL) on myopia control in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 94 participants divided into three groups: Myopic children without strabismus receiving RLRL treatment (RLRL Group).Children with IXT and myopia undergoing RLRL treatment (IXT with RLRL Group).ChJournal Titleildren with IXT and myopia not receiving any myopia control interventions(Control Group).Axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) were measured before and after the intervention. For patients with IXT, distance and near exodeviation angles and near stereopsis were also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Post-RLRL treatment, the IXT with RLRL Group exhibited significantly less AL elongation compared to the Control Group at various time points (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001). After 6 months, the mean AL increase in the dominant eye was 0.005±0.130 mm for the IXT with RLRL Group, compared to 0.164±0.090 mm in the Control Group (difference = -0.159 mm; 95 % CI, -0.226 to -0.093 mm; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were found between the two groups in changes in exodeviation angles and near stereopsis (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05). Additionally, no significant differences in AL and SER control were observed between the IXT with RLRL Group and the RLRL Group (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05), and treatment efficacy was similar between the two eyes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RLRL is effective in controlling myopia progression in children with IXT without adversely affecting strabismus parameters. Its efficacy is comparable to that observed in children without strabismus, suggesting RLRL as a viable option for myopia management in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermoscopy of pigmented oral lesions; A research study","authors":"Maryam Amirchaghmaghi ,&nbsp;Atessa Pakfetrat ,&nbsp;Bita Kiafar ,&nbsp;Toktam Zamani","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Accurate diagnosis of pigmented lesions is important to differentiate their origin and to examine benign and malignant lesions. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic aid that allows visualization of morphological features that are not visible to the naked eye. It is now widely used to evaluate pigmented skin lesions and for early detection of melanoma. In this study, pigmented lesions in the oral cavity and the head and neck area were evaluated using dermoscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><div>This study included patients with oral, head and neck pigmented lesions who were referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases of Mashhad Dental School and the Dermatology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad in 2023. After obtaining the patient's consent, clinical examination and dermoscopy were performed with the DermLite Hybrid Handyscope, and in some cases histopathological examination was also performed. Finally, clinical and dermoscopic images of the patients were collected and evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this study, 40 patients with pigmented lesions were evaluated. Most lesion were associated with pigmented oral lichen planus (18 cases), followed by varices (8 cases) and hemangioma (5 cases). The most common dermoscopic features in pigmented lichen planus were Wickham striae with structureless pigmentation, and the most common features in varices and hemangioma were purple lacuna with fibrous white lines.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>According to studies, the observation of Wickham's striae, structureless brown pigmentation, dotty or globular pigmentation with or without a red background indicates pigmented lichen planus. Furthermore, the observation of lacunae (in larger lesions) and clod (in smaller lesions) in purple, red, or blue may be associated with white fibrous lines and indicates vascular lesions such as varices or hemangioma. Therefore, dermoscopy is useful as a diagnostic aid in the examination of select oral lesions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 104524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}