Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy最新文献

Randomized comparative study of 5-Fluorouracil 4%, tirbanibulin, and photodynamic therapy for relapsing actinic keratoses 5-氟尿嘧啶4%、替巴尼布林和光动力治疗复发性光化性角化病的随机比较研究。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105359

Federico Venturi , Elisabetta Magnaterra , Alberto Gualandi , Biagio Scotti , Carlotta Baraldi , Aurora Alessandrini , Sabina Vaccari , Emi Dika

Background

Actinic keratosis (AK) reflects a field cancerization process in chronically sun-damaged skin, and relapse after diclofenac therapy is a frequent clinical scenario. Field-directed treatments such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), tirbanibulin, and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are widely used, yet comparative data in post-diclofenac relapse and the contribution of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) to therapeutic monitoring remain limited.

Objectives

To compare the clinical efficacy, tolerability, and subclinical response of 5-FU 4%, tirbanibulin 1%, and PDT in relapsing AK of the scalp, integrating RCM imaging to assess field response.

Methods

A prospective randomized (1:1:1) study was conducted in 45 patients who previously achieved complete clearance with diclofenac 3% and relapsed within 12 months. Endpoints included clinical clearance at 12 weeks, RCM normalization, recurrence at 6 months, and local skin response (LSR) severity.

Results

Twelve-week clearance rates were 73.3% for 5-FU, 66.7% for tirbanibulin, and 80.0% for PDT (p=0.711). RCM normalization occurred in 66.7%, 60.0%, and 73.3% of patients, respectively (p=0.741). Recurrence among responders at 6 months was low and comparable (9.1%, 10.0%, and 8.3%; p=0.991). Tirbanibulin showed significantly lower LSR scores versus 5-FU and PDT (p<0.001), indicating superior tolerability.

Conclusions

Short-term efficacy of 5-FU, tirbanibulin, and PDT was comparable, while tolerability differed markedly. Tirbanibulin demonstrated the most favorable inflammatory and cosmetic profile, whereas 5-FU and PDT may be preferred when a more intense field effect is desired. RCM detected subclinical persistence in select cases and may serve as an adjunctive imaging tool for monitoring and guiding retreatment in field cancerization.

背景：光化性角化病（AK）反映了慢性晒伤皮肤的现场癌变过程，双氯芬酸治疗后复发是常见的临床情况。现场定向治疗，如5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）、替巴布林和光动力治疗（PDT）被广泛使用，但双氯芬酸后复发的比较数据和反射共聚焦显微镜（RCM）对治疗监测的贡献仍然有限。目的：比较5-FU 4%、替巴布林1%和PDT治疗复发性头皮AK的临床疗效、耐受性和亚临床反应，结合RCM成像评估野反应。方法：一项前瞻性随机（1:1:1）研究对45例患者进行了研究，这些患者先前使用3%双氯芬酸完全清除，并在12个月内复发。终点包括12周的临床清除、RCM正常化、6个月的复发和局部皮肤反应（LSR）严重程度。结果：5-FU的12周清除率为73.3%，替巴布林为66.7%，PDT为80.0% （p=0.711）。RCM恢复正常的患者分别为66.7%、60.0%和73.3% （p=0.741）。6个月时应答者的复发率较低且具有可比性（9.1%、10.0%和8.3%;p=0.991）。与5-FU和PDT相比，替巴尼布林的LSR评分明显较低(结论：5-FU、替巴尼布林和PDT的短期疗效具有可比性，但耐受性存在显著差异。替巴尼布林表现出最有利的炎症和美容特征，而5-FU和PDT可能在需要更强烈的场效应时更受欢迎。RCM可在特定病例中检测亚临床持续性，并可作为辅助成像工具，用于监测和指导现场癌变的再治疗。

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引用次数: 0

Scleral iontophoresis for targeted lutein delivery in intermediate stage dry AMD: Is this a new frontier in age macular degeneration? 巩膜离子透入治疗中期干性黄斑变性靶向叶黄素：这是老年性黄斑变性的新前沿吗？

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105356

Michele Rinaldi , Gilda Cennamo , Gaetano Fioretto , Maria Laura Passaro , Fulvia De Falco , Matteo Bertocchi , Maddalena Marotta , Flavia Chiosi , Francesco Calabro , Diego Strianese , Ciro Costagliola

Objectives

To evaluate the retinal morphofunctional changes in patients with stage 2 age-related macular degeneration (AMD) following scleral iontophoresis for lutein delivery, and to assess its safety.

Methods

In this prospective, non-randomized, single-arm pilot study, 30 stage 2 AMD patients (mean age 71.6 ± 10.88 years) received scleral iontophoresis with a liquid lutein formulation. Comprehensive ophthalmologic assessments—including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), macular pigment optical density (MPOD) via one-wavelength reflectometry, and microperimetry (mean sensitivity, mean defect, and fixation stability measured as BCEA)—were performed at baseline and at 6 months. Adverse events were monitored, and ocular surface health was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI).

Results

At 6 months, MPOD significantly increased from 0.169 ± 0.06 to 0.180 ± 0.075 density units (p = 0.0313). Mean sensitivity improved from 7.26 ± 5.13 dB to 8.18 ± 4.57 dB (p = 0.0179), and mean defect improved from –11.48 ± 4.90 dB to –10.27 ± 3.76 dB (p = 0.0207). Fixation stability, as measured by BCEA at 3 standard deviations, significantly decreased (p = 0.0107). No significant change was observed in BCVA, and OSDI scores remained stable. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

Scleral iontophoresis of lutein is a safe and promising technique to enhance local MPOD and retinal sensitivity in intermediate AMD patients. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings.

目的：评价2期年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）患者巩膜离子导入叶黄素后视网膜形态功能的变化，并评价其安全性。方法：在这项前瞻性、非随机、单臂先导研究中，30例2期AMD患者（平均年龄71.6±10.88岁）接受了叶黄素液体制剂巩膜离子导入治疗。在基线和6个月时进行全面的眼科评估，包括最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、通过单波长反射仪测量的黄斑色素光密度（MPOD）和显微视力（平均灵敏度、平均缺陷和固定稳定性以BCEA测量）。监测不良事件，并使用眼表疾病指数（OSDI）评估眼表健康状况。结果：6个月时，MPOD由0.169±0.06密度单位显著增加至0.180±0.075密度单位（p = 0.0313）。平均灵敏度由7.26±5.13 dB改善至8.18±4.57 dB (p = 0.0179)，平均缺陷由-11.48±4.90 dB改善至-10.27±3.76 dB （p = 0.0207）。在3个标准差的BCEA测量中，固定稳定性显著降低（p = 0.0107）。BCVA无明显变化，OSDI评分保持稳定。无不良事件报告。结论：叶黄素巩膜离子导入是一种安全且有前景的技术，可提高中度AMD患者的局部MPOD和视网膜敏感性。有必要进行更大规模的进一步研究来证实这些初步发现。

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引用次数: 0

3D analysis of age-related compensation of retinal capillary plexuses in normal population via wide-field volume-mode SS-OCTA: Focus on interlayer connecting branches 大视场体积模式SS-OCTA对正常人群视网膜毛细血管丛年龄代偿的三维分析：聚焦于层间连接分支。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105350

Xindi Liu , Nianjia Wang , Meizhu Wang , Qi Gao , Menglu Chen , Liang Yao , Juan Ye

Purpose

To explore the age-related compensatory features of retinal capillary plexuses (RCP) in normal people, with emphasis on the role of interlayer connecting branches.

Methods

Wide-field volume-mode swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) B-scans of 3 × 3 mm and 12×12 mm of 60 healthy eyes were collected. Pearson correlation analyzed blood flow indices including blood volume (BV), vessel surface area (VSA), and vessel density (VD); 3D volume rendering observed interlayer connecting branches.

Results

1. Blood flow compensation: 3 × 3 mm macular BV and VSA showed no correlation with age; BV and VSA in the 12×12 mm area decreased with age. Only the macular VD of the intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) dropped significantly, with a correlation coefficient twice that of the superficial vascular plexus (SVP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). 2. Interlayer branches: Three types were identified: small, vertical ones (prevalent in young people) and two types of large, oblique ones (prominent in the elderly). With age, total branch number decreased, more markedly in vertical ones; oblique ones became dominant, accompanied by reduced small vessels (most marked in ICP) and thickened large vessels (most prominent in DCP).

Conclusion

Normal RCP has an age-related compensatory mechanism: "sacrificing peripheral blood flow to protect macular blood flow". This compensation is supported by interlayer branch changes: vertical branches decrease while oblique branches become relatively dominant. It maintains macular blood flow and central vision, helping distinguish normal aging from pathological vascular damage.

目的：探讨正常人视网膜毛细血管丛（RCP）的年龄代偿特征，重点探讨层间连接分支的作用。方法：收集60只健康眼的宽视场体模扫描源光学相干断层血管造影（SS-OCTA） b片3×3 mm和12×12 mm。Pearson相关性分析血容量（BV）、血管表面积（VSA）、血管密度（VD）等血流指标；三维体绘制观察层间连接分支。结果:1。血流代偿：3×3 mm黄斑BV、VSA与年龄无相关性；12×12 mm区的BV和VSA随年龄的增长而降低。只有中间毛细血管丛（ICP）的黄斑VD明显下降，其相关系数是浅血管丛（SVP）和深毛细血管丛（DCP）的两倍。2. 层间分支：确定了三种类型：小的，垂直的（常见于年轻人）和两种大的，倾斜的（突出于老年人）。随着年龄增长，总枝数减少，垂直枝数减少更为明显；斜位血管占优，伴小血管缩小（以ICP最为明显）和大血管增厚（以DCP最为突出）。结论：正常RCP存在与年龄相关的代偿机制：“牺牲外周血流，保护黄斑血流”。这种补偿得到层间分支变化的支持：垂直分支减少，而斜分支相对占主导地位。它维持黄斑血流和中央视力，帮助区分正常老化和病理性血管损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Hemoporfin photodynamic therapy affects secretion, uptake, and function of human umbilical vein endothelial cell-derived exosomes via apoptosis and autophagy 血液孔蛋白光动力疗法通过细胞凋亡和自噬影响人脐静脉内皮细胞来源的外泌体的分泌、摄取和功能。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105353

Jingwen Xue , Huimin Yuan , Yi Zhao

Background

Hemoporfin photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) is a safe and effective treatment for port-wine stains (PWS). Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication. However, the involvement of exosomes in the anti-vascular effects of HMME-PDT remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of HMME-PDT on the secretion, uptake, and function of exosomes derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via apoptosis and autophagy.

Methods

In this study, we identified exosomes by using electron microscopy and western blotting. Subsequently, we evaluated the secretion and uptake of HUVEC-derived exosomes after HMME-PDT using the BCA assay, acetylcholine esterase assay, and exosome uptake assay. Exosomes derived from various HUVEC groups were incubated with the HUVECs. Cell proliferation was measured using the CCK8 assay, and cell apoptosis was determined using the TUNEL assay and western blot analysis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy monitoring of RFP-GFP-LC3 transfected HUVECs and western blot analysis were used to evaluate autophagy.

Results

HMME-PDT significantly enhanced both exosome secretion and uptake by HUVECs. We discovered that exosomes isolated from HUVECs after HMME-PDT could transport the photosensitizer, HMME. Moreover, exosomes from HMME-PDT-treated HUVECs significantly inhibited HUVEC proliferation and enhanced both apoptosis and autophagy compared to exosomes from untreated HUVECs. The secretion, uptake, and function of HUVEC-derived exosomes following HMME-PDT were influenced by both apoptosis and autophagy.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated that HMME-PDT significantly affects the secretion, uptake, and function of HUVEC-derived exosomes through apoptosis and autophagy. Exosomes derived from HUVECs have been implicated in the interaction network between autophagy and apoptosis following HMME-PDT. These findings suggest a promising strategy for engineering exosomes as photosensitizer delivery platforms to enhance the clinical efficacy of HMME-PDT.

背景：Hemoporfin光动力疗法（HMME-PDT）是一种安全有效的治疗波特酒斑（PWS）的方法。外泌体在细胞间通讯中起着至关重要的作用。然而，外泌体参与HMME-PDT的抗血管作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨HMME-PDT通过凋亡和自噬对人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）来源的外泌体分泌、摄取和功能的影响。方法：采用电镜和免疫印迹法对外泌体进行鉴定。随后，我们使用BCA法、乙酰胆碱酯酶法和外泌体摄取法评估了HMME-PDT后huvec衍生外泌体的分泌和摄取。来自不同HUVEC组的外泌体与HUVEC一起孵育。CCK8法检测细胞增殖，TUNEL法和western blot法检测细胞凋亡。用共聚焦荧光显微镜监测转染RFP-GFP-LC3的HUVECs，并用western blot分析自噬情况。结果：HMME-PDT显著增强huvec的外泌体分泌和摄取。我们发现hme - pdt后从HUVECs分离的外泌体可以运输光敏剂HMME。此外，与未处理的HUVEC外泌体相比，hmme - pdt处理的HUVEC外泌体显著抑制HUVEC增殖，增强凋亡和自噬。HMME-PDT后huvec衍生外泌体的分泌、摄取和功能受到细胞凋亡和自噬的影响。结论：我们的研究表明，HMME-PDT通过凋亡和自噬显著影响huvec来源的外泌体的分泌、摄取和功能。来源于huvec的外泌体参与了HMME-PDT后自噬和凋亡之间的相互作用网络。这些发现表明，工程外泌体作为光敏剂递送平台来提高HMME-PDT的临床疗效是一种很有前途的策略。

{"title":"Hemoporfin photodynamic therapy affects secretion, uptake, and function of human umbilical vein endothelial cell-derived exosomes via apoptosis and autophagy","authors":"Jingwen Xue , Huimin Yuan , Yi Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hemoporfin photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) is a safe and effective treatment for port-wine stains (PWS). Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication. However, the involvement of exosomes in the anti-vascular effects of HMME-PDT remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of HMME-PDT on the secretion, uptake, and function of exosomes derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via apoptosis and autophagy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we identified exosomes by using electron microscopy and western blotting. Subsequently, we evaluated the secretion and uptake of HUVEC-derived exosomes after HMME-PDT using the BCA assay, acetylcholine esterase assay, and exosome uptake assay. Exosomes derived from various HUVEC groups were incubated with the HUVECs. Cell proliferation was measured using the CCK8 assay, and cell apoptosis was determined using the TUNEL assay and western blot analysis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy monitoring of RFP-GFP-LC3 transfected HUVECs and western blot analysis were used to evaluate autophagy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HMME-PDT significantly enhanced both exosome secretion and uptake by HUVECs. We discovered that exosomes isolated from HUVECs after HMME-PDT could transport the photosensitizer, HMME. Moreover, exosomes from HMME-PDT-treated HUVECs significantly inhibited HUVEC proliferation and enhanced both apoptosis and autophagy compared to exosomes from untreated HUVECs. The secretion, uptake, and function of HUVEC-derived exosomes following HMME-PDT were influenced by both apoptosis and autophagy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study demonstrated that HMME-PDT significantly affects the secretion, uptake, and function of HUVEC-derived exosomes through apoptosis and autophagy. Exosomes derived from HUVECs have been implicated in the interaction network between autophagy and apoptosis following HMME-PDT. These findings suggest a promising strategy for engineering exosomes as photosensitizer delivery platforms to enhance the clinical efficacy of HMME-PDT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 105353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of photodynamic therapy on postoperative pain after pulpectomy in paediatric patients under general dental anaesthesia: A randomised controlled trial 一项随机对照试验：光动力治疗对全麻下小儿牙髓切除术后疼痛的影响。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105348

Meng Zhang, Aili Qin, Lei Zheng, Ge Shi, Panpan Yang, Guofang Li, Rong Pei

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on post-endodontic pain (PEP) in paediatric patients after pulpectomy under dental general anaesthesia (DGA) compared to conventional treatment.

Methods

A double-blind, randomised, parallel-controlled clinical trial included 60 paediatric patients aged 3–6 years who required pulpectomy in deciduous teeth under DGA. Pulpectomy followed a standard endodontic protocol. Participants were randomly allocated to two groups. The experimental group received PDT with 1% methylene blue, and the control group received a sham laser with sterile saline. The primary outcome was PEP intensity, assessed using the visual analogue scale at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h and 1 week postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included analgesic use. Data were analysed using generalised estimating equations (GEEs) and non-parametric tests.

Results

Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Pain scores were significantly lower in the PDT group than in the control group at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h (P < 0.05) but not at 1 week (P > 0.05). GEEs analysis revealed significant main effects of time (Wald χ² = 108.873, P < 0.001) and group (Wald χ² = 29.833, P < 0.001), with a significant group-by-time interaction (Wald χ² = 36.965, P < 0.001). Analgesic use showed a non-significant reduction in the PDT group (P = 0.424).

Conclusion

Endodontic therapy assisted with PDT effectively reduced PEP in paediatric patients under DGA, particularly within the first 72 h, offering a safe and beneficial adjunct for early postoperative comfort.

目的：本研究旨在评价光动力治疗（PDT）对牙科全麻（DGA）下小儿牙髓切除术后牙髓后疼痛（PEP）的镇痛效果。方法：采用双盲、随机、平行对照的临床试验方法，纳入60例3 ~ 6岁需要行乳牙DGA切除乳牙的患儿。髓质切除术遵循标准的牙髓治疗方案。参与者被随机分为两组。实验组采用1%亚甲基蓝PDT，对照组采用无菌生理盐水假激光。主要结果是PEP强度，在术后6、12、24、48、72小时和1周使用视觉模拟量表进行评估。次要结局包括止痛药的使用。数据分析采用广义估计方程（GEEs）和非参数检验。结果：两组间基线特征相似。PDT组疼痛评分在6、12、24、48、72 h显著低于对照组（P < 0.05），但在1周时差异无统计学意义（P < 0.05）。GEEs分析显示，时间（Wald χ² = 108.873,P < 0.001）和组（Wald χ² = 29.833,P < 0.001）的主效应显著，组-时间交互作用显著（Wald χ² = 36.965,P < 0.001）。PDT组镇痛药使用无明显减少（P = 0.424）。结论：牙髓治疗辅助PDT有效降低了DGA下儿科患者的PEP，特别是在前72小时内，为早期术后舒适提供了安全有益的辅助。

{"title":"Effect of photodynamic therapy on postoperative pain after pulpectomy in paediatric patients under general dental anaesthesia: A randomised controlled trial","authors":"Meng Zhang, Aili Qin, Lei Zheng, Ge Shi, Panpan Yang, Guofang Li, Rong Pei","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on post-endodontic pain (PEP) in paediatric patients after pulpectomy under dental general anaesthesia (DGA) compared to conventional treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A double-blind, randomised, parallel-controlled clinical trial included 60 paediatric patients aged 3–6 years who required pulpectomy in deciduous teeth under DGA. Pulpectomy followed a standard endodontic protocol. Participants were randomly allocated to two groups. The experimental group received PDT with 1% methylene blue, and the control group received a sham laser with sterile saline. The primary outcome was PEP intensity, assessed using the visual analogue scale at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h and 1 week postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included analgesic use. Data were analysed using generalised estimating equations (GEEs) and non-parametric tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Pain scores were significantly lower in the PDT group than in the control group at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h (<em>P</em> < 0.05) but not at 1 week (<em>P</em> > 0.05). GEEs analysis revealed significant main effects of time (Wald χ² = 108.873, <em>P</em> < 0.001) and group (Wald χ² = 29.833, <em>P</em> < 0.001), with a significant group-by-time interaction (Wald χ² = 36.965, <em>P</em> < 0.001). Analgesic use showed a non-significant reduction in the PDT group (<em>P</em> = 0.424).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Endodontic therapy assisted with PDT effectively reduced PEP in paediatric patients under DGA, particularly within the first 72 h, offering a safe and beneficial adjunct for early postoperative comfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 105348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145992296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anterior segment structural changes across myopia severity and their association with myopia progression: A large-scale clinical analysis 近视严重程度的前段结构改变及其与近视进展的关系：一项大规模的临床分析。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105352

He Du , Bo Deng , Yang Cao

Objective

This study aims to investigate the variations in anterior segment parameters among patients with different degrees of myopia and explore their impact on myopia progression.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on ocular parameters of 4392 patients who underwent myopia correction surgery at the affiliated hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2019 to January 2023. The patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and high myopia groups based on the severity of their myopia. Measurements of corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length (AL), steep corneal curvature (Ks), flat corneal curvature (Kf), white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW), pupil diameter under bright conditions (LPD), pupil diameter under dark-adapted conditions (DPD), corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and Kappa angle values (Kx and Ky) were performed and analyzed using SPSS 28.0 software.

Results

Significant differences were observed in most of the aforementioned parameters among patients with different degrees of myopia. With increasing myopia severity, CCT, IOP, AL, Ks, Kf, CV, ACV, ACD, and Ky exhibited a gradual increase (all P < 0.05), while WTW and DPD showed a gradual decrease (all P < 0.05). Kx and LPD did not exhibit statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between IOP and the degree of myopia (OR = 1.02, P = 0.005), WTW and the degree of myopia (OR = 0.47, P < 0.001), ACV and the degree of myopia (OR = 1.01, P < 0.001), and significant negative correlations between ACD and the degree of myopia (OR = 0.83, P = 0.031). Ky showed a significant positive correlation with the degree of myopia (OR = 2.55, P < 0.001). These findings provide further evidence of the association between ocular parameters and myopia progression.

Conclusion

Significant differences exist in anterior segment parameters among patients with varying degrees of myopia, which may be related to myopia progression. Further investigation into the relationship between these parameters and the development of myopia will contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for scientific myopia prevention and control.

目的：研究不同程度近视患者前段参数的变化，探讨其对近视进展的影响。方法：对2019年1月至2023年1月在西南医科大学附属医院接受近视矫正手术的4392例患者的眼参数进行回顾性分析。根据近视的严重程度将患者分为轻度、中度和高度近视组。测量角膜厚度（CCT）、眼压（IOP）、角膜轴长（AL）、角膜陡曲率（Ks）、角膜平曲率（Kf）、白-白角膜直径（WTW）、明亮条件下瞳孔直径（LPD）、暗适应条件下瞳孔直径（DPD）、角膜体积（CV）、前房体积（ACV）、前房深度（ACD）、Kappa角值（Kx和Ky），并采用SPSS 28.0软件进行分析。结果：上述参数在不同近视程度的患者中大部分存在显著差异。随着近视严重程度的增加，CCT、IOP、AL、Ks、Kf、CV、ACV、ACD、Ky逐渐升高（均P0.05）。相关性分析显示，IOP与近视程度（OR=1.02， P=0.005）、WTW与近视程度(OR=0.47， P

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引用次数: 0

Association of insulin therapy with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional analysis from the Beichen Eye Study 胰岛素治疗与2型糖尿病视网膜病变的关系：来自北辰眼科研究的横断面分析

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105345

Jingyao Liu, Qianhui Yang, Juping Liu, Xiaorong Li

Purpose

To describe and investigate the associations between different glucose-lowering management and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods

Our study was a cross-sectional analysis. By comparing different glucose-lowering management methods, we aim to explore their impact on the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and their influence on its severity. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR).

Results

Through the Beichen Eye Study (BCES), 844 patients were included in the cross-sectional analysis. The prevalence of DR was 19.30% among patients on oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA), 50.00% on insulin treatment, and 37.12% among those on combined use, giving an overall frequency of 24.65%. No statistically significant differences were observed among different types of oral hypoglycemic agents on the incidence and severity of DR. Logistic regression showed insulin therapy was associated with the prevalence of DR [insulin: OR= 3.57 (95% CI: 1.16 ∼ 11.05), p= 0.027; combination: OR= 2.01 (95% CI: 1.39 ∼ 2.91), p< 0.001].

Conclusion

Compared with OHA, either increasing insulin therapy or using insulin alone can be a risk factor for DR, yet it has no impact on DR severity.

目的：描述和研究不同降糖管理与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）之间的关系。方法：本研究采用横断面分析。通过比较不同的降糖管理方法，探讨其对糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）发生及严重程度的影响。采用Logistic回归模型估计比值比（OR）。结果：通过北辰眼科研究（BCES）， 844例患者被纳入横断面分析。口服降糖药（OHA）组DR发生率为19.30%，胰岛素组为50.00%，联合用药组为37.12%，总发生率为24.65%。不同类型口服降糖药对DR发病率和严重程度的影响无统计学差异。Logistic回归显示胰岛素治疗与DR患病率相关[胰岛素：OR= 3.57 (95% CI: 1.16 ~ 11.05), p= 0.027；组合：OR= 2.01 (95% CI: 1.39 ~ 2.91), p< 0.001)。结论：与OHA相比，增加胰岛素治疗或单独使用胰岛素都可能是DR的危险因素，但对DR的严重程度没有影响。

{"title":"Association of insulin therapy with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional analysis from the Beichen Eye Study","authors":"Jingyao Liu, Qianhui Yang, Juping Liu, Xiaorong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To describe and investigate the associations between different glucose-lowering management and diabetic retinopathy (DR).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our study was a cross-sectional analysis. By comparing different glucose-lowering management methods, we aim to explore their impact on the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and their influence on its severity. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through the Beichen Eye Study (BCES), 844 patients were included in the cross-sectional analysis. The prevalence of DR was 19.30% among patients on oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA), 50.00% on insulin treatment, and 37.12% among those on combined use, giving an overall frequency of 24.65%. No statistically significant differences were observed among different types of oral hypoglycemic agents on the incidence and severity of DR. Logistic regression showed insulin therapy was associated with the prevalence of DR [insulin: OR= 3.57 (95% CI: 1.16 ∼ 11.05), p= 0.027; combination: OR= 2.01 (95% CI: 1.39 ∼ 2.91), p< 0.001].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compared with OHA, either increasing insulin therapy or using insulin alone can be a risk factor for DR, yet it has no impact on DR severity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 105345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of low-level LED red-light therapy on axial elongation in hyperopic children: A bidirectional cohort study 低水平LED红光治疗对远视儿童轴伸长的影响：一项双向队列研究。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105341

Ya Li, Chuyu Zhou, Qingyun Ji, Gang Ding, Xiaoli Qi, Xue Li, Jing Li, Xuehan Qian

Purpose

To investigate whether low-level LED red-light therapy promotes axial elongation in hyperopic children.

Methods

This bidirectional cohort study included 201 hyperopic children aged 4 -13 years. Participants were divided into two groups: the LED group (n = 51), who received low-level LED red-light therapy, and the spectacle-only comparison group (n = 150). Axial length (AL) was measured at baseline and each follow-up. Longitudinal changes in AL were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model (LMM). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was performed as a sensitivity analysis to minimize potential confounding. In a subgroup of 40 anisometropic children who received unilateral LED treatment, interocular comparisons between treated and fellow eyes were conducted using paired t-tests, and within-subject LMM analyses to assess eye-specific treatment effects.

Results

The LED group showed a significantly faster rate of axial elongation than the comparison group (interaction β=+0.082 mm/year, 95% CI: 0.042 to 0.122; p < 0.001). In the anisometropic subgroup, treated eyes elongated significantly faster than fellow eyes (mean difference = +0.167 mm/year, 95% CI: 0.109–0.226; p < 0.001), leading to a reduction in interocular axial length disparity. LMM confirmed a greater time-dependent increase in treated eyes (β = +0.151 mm/year, 95% CI: 0.102–0.199; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Low-level LED red-light therapy significantly accelerates axial elongation in hyperopic children and reduces interocular differences in anisometropic cases, suggesting that it may promote more balanced binocular refractive development.

目的：探讨低水平LED红光治疗是否能促进远视儿童的眼轴伸长。方法：对201名4 ~ 13岁远视儿童进行双向队列研究。参与者被分为两组：LED组（n = 51），他们接受低水平的LED红光治疗，和只戴眼镜的对照组（n = 150）。在基线和每次随访时测量轴向长度（AL）。采用线性混合效应模型（LMM）分析AL的纵向变化。采用治疗加权逆概率（IPTW）作为敏感性分析，以尽量减少潜在的混淆。在一个由40名接受单侧LED治疗的屈光参差儿童组成的亚组中，使用配对t检验和受试者内LMM分析对治疗组和其他组进行眼间比较，以评估眼部特异性治疗效果。结果：LED组的轴向伸长率明显快于对照组（交互作用β=+0.082 mm/年，95% CI: 0.042 ~ 0.122; p < 0.001）。在屈光参差亚组中，治疗组的眼睛明显比其他组的眼睛拉长得快（平均差异 = +0.167 mm/年，95% CI: 0.109-0.226; p < 0.001），导致眼间轴长差异减少。LMM证实了治疗后眼睛的时间依赖性增加（β = +0.151 mm/年，95% CI: 0.102-0.199; p < 0.001）。结论：低水平LED红光治疗可显著加速远视儿童的眼轴伸长，降低各向异性屈光情况下的眼间差异，提示其可促进更平衡的双眼屈光发育。

{"title":"Effects of low-level LED red-light therapy on axial elongation in hyperopic children: A bidirectional cohort study","authors":"Ya Li, Chuyu Zhou, Qingyun Ji, Gang Ding, Xiaoli Qi, Xue Li, Jing Li, Xuehan Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate whether low-level LED red-light therapy promotes axial elongation in hyperopic children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This bidirectional cohort study included 201 hyperopic children aged 4 -13 years. Participants were divided into two groups: the LED group (n = 51), who received low-level LED red-light therapy, and the spectacle-only comparison group (n = 150). Axial length (AL) was measured at baseline and each follow-up. Longitudinal changes in AL were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model (LMM). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was performed as a sensitivity analysis to minimize potential confounding. In a subgroup of 40 anisometropic children who received unilateral LED treatment, interocular comparisons between treated and fellow eyes were conducted using paired <em>t</em>-tests, and within-subject LMM analyses to assess eye-specific treatment effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The LED group showed a significantly faster rate of axial elongation than the comparison group (interaction β=+0.082 mm/year, 95% CI: 0.042 to 0.122; p < 0.001). In the anisometropic subgroup, treated eyes elongated significantly faster than fellow eyes (mean difference = +0.167 mm/year, 95% CI: 0.109–0.226; p < 0.001), leading to a reduction in interocular axial length disparity. LMM confirmed a greater time-dependent increase in treated eyes (β = +0.151 mm/year, 95% CI: 0.102–0.199; p < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Low-level LED red-light therapy significantly accelerates axial elongation in hyperopic children and reduces interocular differences in anisometropic cases, suggesting that it may promote more balanced binocular refractive development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 105341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cutaneous leishmaniasis successfully treated with photodynamic therapy: a case series 光动力疗法成功治疗皮肤利什曼病：一个病例系列。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105346

Federica Li Pomi , Valeria Papaianni , Marta Vitale , Fabrizia Cutuli , Benedetto Randazzo , Mario Vaccaro , Francesco Borgia

Background

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic skin disease caused by Leishmania spp., transmitted through infected sandflies. It manifests with lesions ranging from self-healing papules to chronic ulcerative plaques, depending on the parasite species and host immunity. Current treatments, including systemic antimonials, amphotericin B, miltefosine, and intralesional injections, are limited by systemic toxicity, invasiveness, and prolonged regimens, with additional challenges in children due to pain and poor compliance.

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using either conventional (C-PDT) or daylight (DL-PDT) protocols in adult and pediatric patients with CL.

Methods

A retrospective single-center study was conducted at the Dermatology Unit, University of Messina, Italy (January 2021–January 2025). Nine polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed CL patients (four pediatric, five adult) received three monthly sessions of either C-PDT or DL-PDT with 10% 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and local or systemic adverse events were recorded. Clinical and dermoscopic outcomes were evaluated one year after the final session.

Results

Complete lesion clearance was observed in all patients in this cohort, with good cosmetic results and no recurrences. Median VAS scores were 6 for C-PDT and 1 for DL-PDT. Only mild transient erythema occurred, and no systemic adverse events were observed.

Conclusions

Both C-PDT and DL-PDT may represent safe, effective, and well-tolerated alternatives for CL. Their non-invasive nature, minimal discomfort, and good cosmetic outcomes make PDT a potential therapeutic option for pediatric and pain-sensitive patients.

背景：皮肤利什曼病（CL）是由利什曼原虫引起的一种寄生虫性皮肤病，通过受感染的白蛉传播。它表现为从自愈丘疹到慢性溃疡斑块的病变，取决于寄生虫种类和宿主免疫力。目前的治疗方法，包括全身性抗生素、两性霉素B、米地辛和局部注射，由于全身性毒性、侵入性和延长治疗方案而受到限制，并且由于疼痛和依从性差，儿童面临额外的挑战。目的：评价常规（C-PDT）或日光（DL-PDT）光动力治疗（PDT）在成人和儿童CL患者中的疗效、安全性和耐受性。方法：回顾性单中心研究在意大利墨西拿大学皮肤科进行（2021年1月- 2025年1月）。9名聚合酶链反应（PCR）确诊的CL患者（4名儿童，5名成人）每月接受3次含10% 5-氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA）的C-PDT或DL-PDT治疗。使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估疼痛强度，并记录局部或全身不良事件。临床和皮肤镜检查结果在最后一次治疗一年后进行评估。结果：该队列中所有患者病变完全清除，美容效果良好，无复发。C-PDT的VAS评分中位数为6分，DL-PDT为1分。仅发生轻微的短暂性红斑，未观察到全身不良事件。结论：C-PDT和DL-PDT可能是CL的安全、有效和耐受性良好的替代方法。它们的非侵入性、最小的不适和良好的美容效果使PDT成为儿科和疼痛敏感患者的潜在治疗选择。

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引用次数: 0

Prediction or early detection? Clarifying ectasia ML models 预测还是早期发现？澄清扩张ML模型。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105335

Henry Bair

引用次数: 0