Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.024061
Peter James Nee, Guillermo Lara, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Nils L. Vu
Recent efforts to numerically simulate compact objects in alternative theories of gravity have largely focused on the time-evolution equations. Another critical aspect is the construction of constraint-satisfying initial data with precise control over the properties of the systems under consideration. Here, we augment the extended conformal thin sandwich framework to construct quasistationary initial data for black hole systems in scalar Gauss-Bonnet theory and numerically implement it in the open-source p code. Despite the resulting elliptic system being singular at black hole horizons, we demonstrate how to construct numerical solutions that extend smoothly across the horizon. We obtain quasistationary scalar hair configurations in the test-field limit for black holes with linear/angular momentum as well as for black hole binaries. For isolated black holes, we explicitly show that the scalar profile obtained is stationary by evolving the system in time and compare against previous formulations of scalar Gauss-Bonnet initial data. In the case of the binary, we find that the scalar hair near the black holes can be markedly altered by the presence of the other black hole. The initial data constructed here enable targeted simulations in scalar Gauss-Bonnet simulations with reduced initial transients. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Quasistationary hair for binary black hole initial data in scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity","authors":"Peter James Nee, Guillermo Lara, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Nils L. Vu","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.024061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.024061","url":null,"abstract":"Recent efforts to numerically simulate compact objects in alternative theories of gravity have largely focused on the time-evolution equations. Another critical aspect is the construction of constraint-satisfying initial data with precise control over the properties of the systems under consideration. Here, we augment the extended conformal thin sandwich framework to construct quasistationary initial data for black hole systems in scalar Gauss-Bonnet theory and numerically implement it in the open-source p code. Despite the resulting elliptic system being singular at black hole horizons, we demonstrate how to construct numerical solutions that extend smoothly across the horizon. We obtain quasistationary scalar hair configurations in the test-field limit for black holes with linear/angular momentum as well as for black hole binaries. For isolated black holes, we explicitly show that the scalar profile obtained is stationary by evolving the system in time and compare against previous formulations of scalar Gauss-Bonnet initial data. In the case of the binary, we find that the scalar hair near the black holes can be markedly altered by the presence of the other black hole. The initial data constructed here enable targeted simulations in scalar Gauss-Bonnet simulations with reduced initial transients. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.014509
B. Allés, O. Borisenko, A. Papa
We reexamine by numerical simulation the phase structure of the three-dimensional Abelian lattice gauge theory with Z(2) gauge fields coupled to Z(2)-valued Higgs fields. Concretely, we explore two different order parameters which are able to distinguish the three phases of the theory: (i) the Fredenhagen-Marcu operator used to discriminate between deconfinement and confinement/Higgs phases and (ii) the Greensite-Matsuyama overlap operator proposed recently to distinguish confinement and Higgs phases. The latter operator is an analog of the overlap Edwards-Anderson order parameter for spin glasses. According to it, the Higgs phase is realized as a glassy phase of the gauge system. For this reason standard tricks for simulations of spin-glass phases are utilized in this work, namely tempered Monte Carlo and averaging over replicas. In addition, we also present results for a certain definition of distance between Higgs field configurations. Finally, we calculate various gauge-invariant correlation functions in order to extract the corresponding masses. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Confinement-Higgs and deconfinement-Higgs transitions in three-dimensional Z(2) LGT","authors":"B. Allés, O. Borisenko, A. Papa","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.014509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.014509","url":null,"abstract":"We reexamine by numerical simulation the phase structure of the three-dimensional Abelian lattice gauge theory with Z</a:mi>(</a:mo>2</a:mn>)</a:mo></a:math> gauge fields coupled to <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>Z</e:mi><e:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</e:mo><e:mn>2</e:mn><e:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</e:mo></e:math>-valued Higgs fields. Concretely, we explore two different order parameters which are able to distinguish the three phases of the theory: (i) the Fredenhagen-Marcu operator used to discriminate between deconfinement and confinement/Higgs phases and (ii) the Greensite-Matsuyama overlap operator proposed recently to distinguish confinement and Higgs phases. The latter operator is an analog of the overlap Edwards-Anderson order parameter for spin glasses. According to it, the Higgs phase is realized as a glassy phase of the gauge system. For this reason standard tricks for simulations of spin-glass phases are utilized in this work, namely tempered Monte Carlo and averaging over replicas. In addition, we also present results for a certain definition of distance between Higgs field configurations. Finally, we calculate various gauge-invariant correlation functions in order to extract the corresponding masses. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.026019
Yohan Potaux, Debajyoti Sarkar, Sergey N. Solodukhin
Following our previous work on hybrid quantum states in the Russo-Susskind-Thorlacius model, we study its most interesting solution representing a completely regular spacetime with the structure of causal diamond, containing an apparent horizon and radiation at infinity. Adapting recent computations of radiation entropy in terms of the entropy of entanglement, we find that this entropy follows a Page curve. This confirms our previous result [], which was obtained by directly calculating the thermodynamic entropy of radiation at infinity. We also investigate the presence of a possible island in these systems and find that it does not seem to play a role in contributing to the generalized black hole entropy. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Islands for black holes in a hybrid quantum state","authors":"Yohan Potaux, Debajyoti Sarkar, Sergey N. Solodukhin","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.026019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.026019","url":null,"abstract":"Following our previous work on hybrid quantum states in the Russo-Susskind-Thorlacius model, we study its most interesting solution representing a completely regular spacetime with the structure of causal diamond, containing an apparent horizon and radiation at infinity. Adapting recent computations of radiation entropy in terms of the entropy of entanglement, we find that this entropy follows a Page curve. This confirms our previous result [], which was obtained by directly calculating the thermodynamic entropy of radiation at infinity. We also investigate the presence of a possible island in these systems and find that it does not seem to play a role in contributing to the generalized black hole entropy. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.013006
A. Yu. Korchin, E. Richter-Was, Yu. Volkotrub, Z. Was
The spin correlations in the pair of τ leptons produced in high-energy proton-proton collisions are studied. The invariant mass of the τ-lepton pair is chosen close to the Z-boson mass; in these conditions, Z-boson exchange gives the dominant contribution to the Drell-Yan mechanism. The interaction of Z bosons with τ leptons, in addition to the Standard Model couplings, can include weak anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments (or form factors) of the τ lepton. The dependence of elements of the pp spin-correlation matrix on the weak anomalous moments is determined for various regions of the rapidity of the τ-lepton pair. Based on this calculation, we construct a semirealistic observable built on the momenta of pions in the τ∓→π∓ντ and τ±→ρ±ντ→π±π0ντ decay channels, and we show that this observable can be sensitive to the weak anomalous dipole moments. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"τ -lepton pair spin in proton-proton LHC collisions for anomalous dipole moments","authors":"A. Yu. Korchin, E. Richter-Was, Yu. Volkotrub, Z. Was","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.013006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.013006","url":null,"abstract":"The spin correlations in the pair of τ</a:mi></a:math> leptons produced in high-energy proton-proton collisions are studied. The invariant mass of the <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>τ</c:mi></c:math>-lepton pair is chosen close to the <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>Z</e:mi></e:math>-boson mass; in these conditions, <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mi>Z</g:mi></g:math>-boson exchange gives the dominant contribution to the Drell-Yan mechanism. The interaction of <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mi>Z</i:mi></i:math> bosons with <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><k:mi>τ</k:mi></k:math> leptons, in addition to the Standard Model couplings, can include weak anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments (or form factors) of the <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:mi>τ</m:mi></m:math> lepton. The dependence of elements of the <o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><o:mi>p</o:mi><o:mi>p</o:mi></o:math> spin-correlation matrix on the weak anomalous moments is determined for various regions of the rapidity of the <q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><q:mi>τ</q:mi></q:math>-lepton pair. Based on this calculation, we construct a semirealistic observable built on the momenta of pions in the <s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><s:msup><s:mi>τ</s:mi><s:mo>∓</s:mo></s:msup><s:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</s:mo><s:msup><s:mi>π</s:mi><s:mo>∓</s:mo></s:msup><s:msub><s:mi>ν</s:mi><s:mi>τ</s:mi></s:msub></s:math> and <v:math xmlns:v=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><v:msup><v:mi>τ</v:mi><v:mo>±</v:mo></v:msup><v:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</v:mo><v:msup><v:mi>ρ</v:mi><v:mo>±</v:mo></v:msup><v:msub><v:mi>ν</v:mi><v:mi>τ</v:mi></v:msub><v:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</v:mo><v:msup><v:mi>π</v:mi><v:mo>±</v:mo></v:msup><v:msup><v:mi>π</v:mi><v:mn>0</v:mn></v:msup><v:msub><v:mi>ν</v:mi><v:mi>τ</v:mi></v:msub></v:math> decay channels, and we show that this observable can be sensitive to the weak anomalous dipole moments. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.l011502
Kyle Lee, Bianka Meçaj, Ian Moult
The remarkably high energies of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have allowed for the first measurements of the shapes and scalings of multipoint correlators of energy flow operators, ⟨Ψ|E(n→1)E(n→2)⋯E(n→k)|Ψ⟩, providing new insights into the Lorentzian dynamics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this letter, we use recent advances in effective field theory to derive a rigorous factorization theorem for the light-ray density matrix, ρ=|Ψ⟩⟨Ψ|, inside high transverse momentum jets at the LHC. Using the light-ray operator product expansion, the scaling behavior of multipoint correlators can be computed from the expectation value of the twist-2 spin-J light-ray operators, O[J], in this state, Tr[ρO[J]]. We compute the light-ray density matrix at next-to-leading order, and combine this with results for the next-to-leading logarithmic scaling behavior of the correlators up to six-points, comparing with CMS open data. This theoretical accuracy allows us to resolve the quantum scaling dimensions of QCD light-ray operators inside jets at the LHC. Our factorization theorem for the light-ray density matrix at the LHC completes the link between recent developments in the study of energy correlators and LHC phenomenology, opening the door to a wide variety of precision jet substructure studies. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Conformal collider physics meets LHC data","authors":"Kyle Lee, Bianka Meçaj, Ian Moult","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.l011502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.l011502","url":null,"abstract":"The remarkably high energies of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have allowed for the first measurements of the shapes and scalings of multipoint correlators of energy flow operators, ⟨</a:mo>Ψ</a:mi>|</a:mo>E</a:mi>(</a:mo>n</a:mi>→</a:mo></a:mover>1</a:mn></a:msub>)</a:mo>E</a:mi>(</a:mo>n</a:mi>→</a:mo></a:mover>2</a:mn></a:msub>)</a:mo>⋯</a:mo>E</a:mi>(</a:mo>n</a:mi>→</a:mo></a:mover>k</a:mi></a:msub>)</a:mo>|</a:mo>Ψ</a:mi>⟩</a:mo></a:math>, providing new insights into the Lorentzian dynamics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this letter, we use recent advances in effective field theory to derive a rigorous factorization theorem for the light-ray density matrix, <x:math xmlns:x=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><x:mi>ρ</x:mi><x:mo>=</x:mo><x:mo stretchy=\"false\">|</x:mo><x:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Ψ</x:mi><x:mo stretchy=\"false\">⟩</x:mo><x:mo stretchy=\"false\">⟨</x:mo><x:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Ψ</x:mi><x:mo stretchy=\"false\">|</x:mo></x:math>, inside high transverse momentum jets at the LHC. Using the light-ray operator product expansion, the scaling behavior of multipoint correlators can be computed from the expectation value of the twist-2 spin-<fb:math xmlns:fb=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><fb:mi>J</fb:mi></fb:math> light-ray operators, <hb:math xmlns:hb=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><hb:msup><hb:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">O</hb:mi><hb:mrow><hb:mo stretchy=\"false\">[</hb:mo><hb:mi>J</hb:mi><hb:mo stretchy=\"false\">]</hb:mo></hb:mrow></hb:msup></hb:math>, in this state, <mb:math xmlns:mb=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><mb:mi>Tr</mb:mi><mb:mo stretchy=\"false\">[</mb:mo><mb:mi>ρ</mb:mi><mb:msup><mb:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">O</mb:mi><mb:mrow><mb:mo stretchy=\"false\">[</mb:mo><mb:mi>J</mb:mi><mb:mo stretchy=\"false\">]</mb:mo></mb:mrow></mb:msup><mb:mo stretchy=\"false\">]</mb:mo></mb:math>. We compute the light-ray density matrix at next-to-leading order, and combine this with results for the next-to-leading logarithmic scaling behavior of the correlators up to six-points, comparing with CMS open data. This theoretical accuracy allows us to resolve the quantum scaling dimensions of QCD light-ray operators inside jets at the LHC. Our factorization theorem for the light-ray density matrix at the LHC completes the link between recent developments in the study of energy correlators and LHC phenomenology, opening the door to a wide variety of precision jet substructure studies. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143031315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.015025
A. Drutskoy, E. Vasenin
We study potential contribution of the heavy right-handed neutrino exchange in the process e</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msup>e</a:mi>−</a:mo></a:msup>→</a:mo>W</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msup>W</a:mi>−</a:mo></a:msup></a:math>. This process is sensitive to heavy neutrinos with masses larger than <d:math xmlns:d="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><d:msqrt><d:mi>s</d:mi></d:msqrt></d:math>. The Monte Carlo simulation of the studied process is performed assuming the seesaw type-I model, where heavy right-handed neutrinos (heavy neutral leptons, HNLs) are introduced in the leptonic sector. Within the Standard Model (SM), the process has a large cross section described by diagrams with <f:math xmlns:f="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><f:mi>s</f:mi></f:math>-channel <h:math xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><h:mi>Z</h:mi><h:mo>/</h:mo><h:mi>γ</h:mi></h:math> exchange and <j:math xmlns:j="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><j:mi>t</j:mi></j:math>-channel active neutrino exchange. Respectively, the <l:math xmlns:l="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><l:mi>t</l:mi></l:math>-channel right-handed neutrino exchange amplitude will interfere with these SM amplitudes. However, the angular distributions of the <n:math xmlns:n="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><n:mi>W</n:mi></n:math> boson production and decay are different for the right-handed neutrino and SM amplitudes. That can be used to evaluate potential HNL contribution using the extended likelihood method. The simulation of the <p:math xmlns:p="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><p:msup><p:mi>e</p:mi><p:mo>+</p:mo></p:msup><p:msup><p:mi>e</p:mi><p:mo>−</p:mo></p:msup><p:mo stretchy="false">→</p:mo><p:msup><p:mi>W</p:mi><p:mo>+</p:mo></p:msup><p:msup><p:mi>W</p:mi><p:mo>−</p:mo></p:msup></p:math> process is performed at the 1 TeV center-of-mass energy and polarization <s:math xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><s:msub><s:mi mathvariant="script">P</s:mi><s:mrow><s:msup><s:mi>e</s:mi><s:mo>+</s:mo></s:msup><s:msup><s:mi>e</s:mi><s:mo>−</s:mo></s:msup></s:mrow></s:msub></s:math> of (20%, <v:math xmlns:v="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><v:mo>−</v:mo><v:mn>80</v:mn><v:mo>%</v:mo></v:math>), which is a standard option for the future linear <x:math xmlns:x="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><x:msup><x:mi>e</x:mi><x:mo>+</x:mo></x:msup><x:msup><x:mi>e</x:mi><x:mo>−</x:mo></x:msup></x:math> International Linear Collider. Both <z:math xmlns:z="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><z:mi>W</z:mi></z:math> bosons are reconstructed from two hadronic jets. Simulation of the SM background processes is also done. The beam-induced backgrounds and the initial state radiation effects are taken into account. The majority of background processes are effectively suppressed by the cuts on the invariant masses of two and four
{"title":"Simulation of the process e+e−→W+W− with the heavy right-handed neutrino exchange at 1 TeV future lepton colliders","authors":"A. Drutskoy, E. Vasenin","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.015025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.015025","url":null,"abstract":"We study potential contribution of the heavy right-handed neutrino exchange in the process e</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msup>e</a:mi>−</a:mo></a:msup>→</a:mo>W</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msup>W</a:mi>−</a:mo></a:msup></a:math>. This process is sensitive to heavy neutrinos with masses larger than <d:math xmlns:d=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><d:msqrt><d:mi>s</d:mi></d:msqrt></d:math>. The Monte Carlo simulation of the studied process is performed assuming the seesaw type-I model, where heavy right-handed neutrinos (heavy neutral leptons, HNLs) are introduced in the leptonic sector. Within the Standard Model (SM), the process has a large cross section described by diagrams with <f:math xmlns:f=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><f:mi>s</f:mi></f:math>-channel <h:math xmlns:h=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><h:mi>Z</h:mi><h:mo>/</h:mo><h:mi>γ</h:mi></h:math> exchange and <j:math xmlns:j=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><j:mi>t</j:mi></j:math>-channel active neutrino exchange. Respectively, the <l:math xmlns:l=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><l:mi>t</l:mi></l:math>-channel right-handed neutrino exchange amplitude will interfere with these SM amplitudes. However, the angular distributions of the <n:math xmlns:n=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><n:mi>W</n:mi></n:math> boson production and decay are different for the right-handed neutrino and SM amplitudes. That can be used to evaluate potential HNL contribution using the extended likelihood method. The simulation of the <p:math xmlns:p=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><p:msup><p:mi>e</p:mi><p:mo>+</p:mo></p:msup><p:msup><p:mi>e</p:mi><p:mo>−</p:mo></p:msup><p:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</p:mo><p:msup><p:mi>W</p:mi><p:mo>+</p:mo></p:msup><p:msup><p:mi>W</p:mi><p:mo>−</p:mo></p:msup></p:math> process is performed at the 1 TeV center-of-mass energy and polarization <s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><s:msub><s:mi mathvariant=\"script\">P</s:mi><s:mrow><s:msup><s:mi>e</s:mi><s:mo>+</s:mo></s:msup><s:msup><s:mi>e</s:mi><s:mo>−</s:mo></s:msup></s:mrow></s:msub></s:math> of (20%, <v:math xmlns:v=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><v:mo>−</v:mo><v:mn>80</v:mn><v:mo>%</v:mo></v:math>), which is a standard option for the future linear <x:math xmlns:x=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><x:msup><x:mi>e</x:mi><x:mo>+</x:mo></x:msup><x:msup><x:mi>e</x:mi><x:mo>−</x:mo></x:msup></x:math> International Linear Collider. Both <z:math xmlns:z=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><z:mi>W</z:mi></z:math> bosons are reconstructed from two hadronic jets. Simulation of the SM background processes is also done. The beam-induced backgrounds and the initial state radiation effects are taken into account. The majority of background processes are effectively suppressed by the cuts on the invariant masses of two and four ","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.015026
Dhruv Ringe
Recent evidence of a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background found by NANOGrav and other pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations has inspired many studies looking for possible sources. We consider the hypothesis that the GW signature is produced by domain walls (DWs) arising in the doublet left-right symmetric model (DLRSM) due to the spontaneous breaking of the discrete parity symmetry. We show that the DW network consists of two types of DWs, namely Z2 and LR DWs, and solve the kink equations to obtain the parametric dependence of the surface tension in the two cases. We argue that the Z2 DWs are unstable due to higher surface tension, leading to a stable network consisting only of LR DWs. Considering the GW signal from the DLRSM DW model with and without the contribution from supermassive black hole binaries, we perform a Bayesian analysis using the PTA data to estimate the posterior distribution and identify best-fit parameter ranges. The PTA data favors a parity-breaking scale of O(105)GeV, and a biased potential Vbias∼(O(100)MeV)4. The model with only DLRSM DWs is slightly favored over the model where additional supermassive black hole binaries contribution is considered. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Domain wall constraints on the doublet left-right symmetric model from pulsar timing array data","authors":"Dhruv Ringe","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.015026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.015026","url":null,"abstract":"Recent evidence of a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background found by NANOGrav and other pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations has inspired many studies looking for possible sources. We consider the hypothesis that the GW signature is produced by domain walls (DWs) arising in the doublet left-right symmetric model (DLRSM) due to the spontaneous breaking of the discrete parity symmetry. We show that the DW network consists of two types of DWs, namely Z</a:mi>2</a:mn></a:msub></a:math> and <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>L</c:mi><c:mi>R</c:mi></c:math> DWs, and solve the kink equations to obtain the parametric dependence of the surface tension in the two cases. We argue that the <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:msub><e:mi>Z</e:mi><e:mn>2</e:mn></e:msub></e:math> DWs are unstable due to higher surface tension, leading to a stable network consisting only of <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mi>L</g:mi><g:mi>R</g:mi></g:math> DWs. Considering the GW signal from the DLRSM DW model with and without the contribution from supermassive black hole binaries, we perform a Bayesian analysis using the PTA data to estimate the posterior distribution and identify best-fit parameter ranges. The PTA data favors a parity-breaking scale of <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mi mathvariant=\"script\">O</i:mi><i:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</i:mo><i:msup><i:mn>10</i:mn><i:mn>5</i:mn></i:msup><i:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</i:mo><i:mtext> </i:mtext><i:mtext> </i:mtext><i:mi>GeV</i:mi></i:math>, and a biased potential <n:math xmlns:n=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><n:msub><n:mi>V</n:mi><n:mrow><n:mi>bias</n:mi></n:mrow></n:msub><n:mo>∼</n:mo><n:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</n:mo><n:mi mathvariant=\"script\">O</n:mi><n:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</n:mo><n:mn>100</n:mn><n:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</n:mo><n:mtext> </n:mtext><n:mtext> </n:mtext><n:mi>MeV</n:mi><n:msup><n:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</n:mo><n:mn>4</n:mn></n:msup></n:math>. The model with only DLRSM DWs is slightly favored over the model where additional supermassive black hole binaries contribution is considered. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.l021903
Matti Järvinen, Dorin Weissman
We establish a new tool for studying strongly coupled matter: an effective theory of black holes in gravity, which maps to a hydrodynamic description of field theories via the gauge-gravity duality. Our approach is inspired by previously known effective theories found in the limit of a high number of dimensions. We argue that the new approach can accurately describe phase transitions in a wide class of theories, such as the Yang-Mills and other nearly critical field theories. As an application to a previously unsolved problem, we analyze the interface between confining and deconfining phases in holographic Yang-Mills theory. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Black hole effective theory for strongly interacting matter","authors":"Matti Järvinen, Dorin Weissman","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.l021903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.l021903","url":null,"abstract":"We establish a new tool for studying strongly coupled matter: an effective theory of black holes in gravity, which maps to a hydrodynamic description of field theories via the gauge-gravity duality. Our approach is inspired by previously known effective theories found in the limit of a high number of dimensions. We argue that the new approach can accurately describe phase transitions in a wide class of theories, such as the Yang-Mills and other nearly critical field theories. As an application to a previously unsolved problem, we analyze the interface between confining and deconfining phases in holographic Yang-Mills theory. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.015023
M. A. Arroyo-Ureña, E. A. Herrera-Chacón, S. Rosado-Navarro, Humberto Salazar
We explore the production and possible detection of a charged scalar Higgs pair H−H+ decaying into the final state μνμcb in proton-proton collisions at the LHC and its next step, the high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). The charged scalars are predicted within the theoretical framework of the two-Higgs doublet model of type III (2HDM-III). As a test and validation of the model, we identify regions of the 2HDM-III parameter space that accommodate the current excess of events at 3σ in the process BR(t→H±b)×BR(H±→cb) for MH±=130GeV, as reported by ATLAS Collaboration. Theoretical and additional experimental constraints are also included. Based on this, we propose realistic scenarios that could be brought under experimental scrutiny at the HL-LHC. Assuming the most favorable scenario, we predict a signal significance at the level of 5σ for a charged scalar boson mass MH± in the 100–350 GeV range. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Hunting for a charged Higgs boson pair in proton-proton collisions","authors":"M. A. Arroyo-Ureña, E. A. Herrera-Chacón, S. Rosado-Navarro, Humberto Salazar","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.015023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.015023","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the production and possible detection of a charged scalar Higgs pair H</a:mi>−</a:mo></a:msup>H</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msup></a:math> decaying into the final state <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>μ</c:mi><c:msub><c:mi>ν</c:mi><c:mi>μ</c:mi></c:msub><c:mi>c</c:mi><c:mi>b</c:mi></c:math> in proton-proton collisions at the LHC and its next step, the high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). The charged scalars are predicted within the theoretical framework of the two-Higgs doublet model of type III (2HDM-III). As a test and validation of the model, we identify regions of the 2HDM-III parameter space that accommodate the current excess of events at <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mn>3</e:mn><e:mi>σ</e:mi></e:math> in the process <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mi mathvariant=\"script\">B</g:mi><g:mi mathvariant=\"script\">R</g:mi><g:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</g:mo><g:mi>t</g:mi><g:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</g:mo><g:msup><g:mi>H</g:mi><g:mo>±</g:mo></g:msup><g:mi>b</g:mi><g:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</g:mo><g:mo>×</g:mo><g:mi mathvariant=\"script\">B</g:mi><g:mi mathvariant=\"script\">R</g:mi><g:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</g:mo><g:msup><g:mi>H</g:mi><g:mo>±</g:mo></g:msup><g:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</g:mo><g:mi>c</g:mi><g:mi>b</g:mi><g:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</g:mo></g:math> for <s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><s:msub><s:mi>M</s:mi><s:msup><s:mi>H</s:mi><s:mo>±</s:mo></s:msup></s:msub><s:mo>=</s:mo><s:mn>130</s:mn><s:mtext> </s:mtext><s:mtext> </s:mtext><s:mi>GeV</s:mi></s:math>, as reported by ATLAS Collaboration. Theoretical and additional experimental constraints are also included. Based on this, we propose realistic scenarios that could be brought under experimental scrutiny at the HL-LHC. Assuming the most favorable scenario, we predict a signal significance at the level of <u:math xmlns:u=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><u:mn>5</u:mn><u:mi>σ</u:mi></u:math> for a charged scalar boson mass <w:math xmlns:w=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><w:msub><w:mi>M</w:mi><w:msup><w:mi>H</w:mi><w:mo>±</w:mo></w:msup></w:msub></w:math> in the 100–350 GeV range. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-24DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.024060
Michael L. Katz, Nikolaos Karnesis, Natalia Korsakova, Jonathan R. Gair, Nikolaos Stergioulas
The large-scale analysis task of deciphering gravitational-wave signals in the LISA data stream will be difficult, requiring a large amount of computational resources and extensive development of computational methods. Its high dimensionality, multiple model types, and complicated noise profile require a global fit to all parameters and input models simultaneously. In this work, we detail our global fit algorithm, called “Erebor,” designed to accomplish this challenging task. It is capable of analyzing current state-of-the-art datasets and then growing into the future as more pieces of the pipeline are completed and added. We describe our pipeline strategy, the algorithmic setup, and the results from our analysis of the LDC2A Sangria dataset, which contains massive black hole binaries, compact galactic binaries, and a parametrized noise spectrum whose parameters are unknown to the user. The Erebor algorithm includes three unique and very useful contributions: GPU acceleration for enhanced computational efficiency; ensemble Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling with multiple MCMC walkers per temperature for better mixing and parallelized sample creation; and special online updates to reversible-jump (or transdimensional) sampling distributions to ensure sampler mixing and accurate initial estimates for detectable sources in the data. We recover posterior distributions for all 15 (6) of the injected massive black hole binaries (MBHB) in the LDC2A training (hidden) dataset. We catalog ∼12000 galactic binaries (∼8000 as high confidence detections) for both the training and hidden datasets. All of the sources and their posterior distributions are provided in publicly available catalogs. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Efficient GPU-accelerated multisource global fit pipeline for LISA data analysis","authors":"Michael L. Katz, Nikolaos Karnesis, Natalia Korsakova, Jonathan R. Gair, Nikolaos Stergioulas","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.024060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.024060","url":null,"abstract":"The large-scale analysis task of deciphering gravitational-wave signals in the LISA data stream will be difficult, requiring a large amount of computational resources and extensive development of computational methods. Its high dimensionality, multiple model types, and complicated noise profile require a global fit to all parameters and input models simultaneously. In this work, we detail our global fit algorithm, called “Erebor,” designed to accomplish this challenging task. It is capable of analyzing current state-of-the-art datasets and then growing into the future as more pieces of the pipeline are completed and added. We describe our pipeline strategy, the algorithmic setup, and the results from our analysis of the LDC2A Sangria dataset, which contains massive black hole binaries, compact galactic binaries, and a parametrized noise spectrum whose parameters are unknown to the user. The Erebor algorithm includes three unique and very useful contributions: GPU acceleration for enhanced computational efficiency; ensemble Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling with multiple MCMC walkers per temperature for better mixing and parallelized sample creation; and special online updates to reversible-jump (or transdimensional) sampling distributions to ensure sampler mixing and accurate initial estimates for detectable sources in the data. We recover posterior distributions for all 15 (6) of the injected massive black hole binaries (MBHB) in the LDC2A training (hidden) dataset. We catalog ∼</a:mo>12000</a:mn></a:math> galactic binaries (<c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mo>∼</c:mo><c:mn>8000</c:mn></c:math> as high confidence detections) for both the training and hidden datasets. All of the sources and their posterior distributions are provided in publicly available catalogs. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"30 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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