Physics Letters A最新文献

英文中文

Ring/vortex-like extreme wave in the partially nonlocal medium with different diffraction characteristics in both directions under influence of external potential and gain/loss 部分非局部介质中的环状/漩涡状极端波，在外部势能和增益/损耗的影响下，在两个方向上具有不同的衍射特性

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130012

In this study, we analyze a (3+1)-dimensional partially nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) model, which incorporates various diffraction effects, gain or loss mechanisms, and confinement within linear and parabolic potentials. By reducing this complex model to a (2+1)-dimensional framework, we uncover analytical solutions that exhibit high-dimensional extreme wave structures with Hermite-Gaussian envelopes, illustrating the model's nonautonomous characteristics. Our investigation focuses on ring-like and vortex-like extreme waves, examining how different parameters—such as radius, Hermite parameter, gain, and thickness—affect these wave structures. Specifically, we find that, for fixed thickness, Hermite, and gain parameters, the radius influences the size of the wave structures. Conversely, with a fixed radius, Hermite, and thickness parameters, the gain parameter modifies the wave properties. The introduction of the Hermite parameter p increases the number of concentric layers in the ring-like extreme waves by

p + 1

. Additionally, incorporating gain and loss effects enhances the model's applicability to real-world scenarios.

在本研究中，我们分析了一个 (3+1) 维部分非局部非线性薛定谔（NLS）模型，该模型包含各种衍射效应、增益或损耗机制以及线性和抛物线势中的约束。通过将这一复杂模型还原为 (2+1)-dimensional 框架，我们发现了具有 Hermite-Gaussian 包络的高维极值波结构的解析解，说明了该模型的非自主特性。我们的研究重点是环状和涡状极值波，考察了不同参数（如半径、赫米特参数、增益和厚度）对这些波结构的影响。具体来说，我们发现在厚度、赫米特参数和增益参数固定的情况下，半径会影响波浪结构的大小。相反，在半径、Hermite 和厚度参数固定的情况下，增益参数会改变波的特性。引入赫米特参数 p 后，环状极波的同心层数增加了 p+1。此外，增益和损耗效应的加入增强了模型在现实世界中的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Induced magnetic effects on intrinsic properties of edge-passivated triangular zigzag phosphorene quantum dots using spin-polarized density functional theory 利用自旋偏振密度泛函理论研究边缘钝化三角形人字形磷烯量子点内在特性的诱导磁效应

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130014

The electrical and magnetic characteristics of edge-passivated triangular zigzag phosphorene quantum dots, saturated with hydrogen and oxygen atoms, have been investigated using spin-polarized density functional theory. The findings indicate that oxygen passivation alters the bond lengths, cohesive energies, and bandgaps of the quantum dots, leading to increased stability and magnetism due to unbonded single electrons in the oxygen atoms. The study also explored the impact of an external electric field on the energy gap, molecular orbital distribution, and local spin density of selected quantum dots. Our results show significant changes in the energy spectra and magnetic moments of the magnetized structures. The tunability of the magnetic and electronic attributes of triangular phosphorene quantum dots can be exploited in designing electronic and spintronic devices.

我们利用自旋极化密度泛函理论研究了氢原子和氧原子饱和的边缘钝化三角形人字形磷烯量子点的电学和磁学特性。研究结果表明，氧钝化改变了量子点的键长、内聚能和带隙，从而使氧原子中未成键的单电子增加了稳定性和磁性。研究还探讨了外部电场对选定量子点的能隙、分子轨道分布和局部自旋密度的影响。我们的研究结果表明，磁化结构的能谱和磁矩发生了显著变化。三角形磷烯量子点的磁性和电子属性的可调性可用于设计电子和自旋电子器件。

引用次数: 0

Breathers and interaction phenomena on the non-constant backgrounds for a (3+1)-dimensional generalized shallow water wave equation with variable coefficients 带可变系数的 (3+1) 维广义浅水波方程的呼吸器和非恒定背景上的相互作用现象

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130008

The analytic solutions of water wave equations on the non-constant backgrounds can better describe the complex marine and lake environment, including tidal effects, topographic changes and other factors. In this paper, a (3+1)-dimensional generalized shallow water wave equation with variable coefficients is investigated by the symmetry transformation and bilinear neural network method (BNNM). By constructing the “4-3-1” neural network models, various analytic solutions on the non-constant backgrounds of the equation are successfully obtained, including the breather wave solutions and interaction solutions. Then the dynamic characteristics of these analytic solutions are analyzed through selecting appropriate parameters and 3D animations. It is worth pointing out that the non-constant backgrounds have no effect on the evolutions of breather waves and interaction waves, which is useful for the study and modeling of the marine environments, lakes, and other problems related to water waves.

非定常背景下水波方程的解析解可以更好地描述包括潮汐效应、地形变化等因素在内的复杂海洋和湖泊环境。本文通过对称变换和双线性神经网络法（BNNM）研究了一个具有可变系数的（3+1）维广义浅水波方程。通过构建 "4-3-1 "神经网络模型，成功地得到了方程非定常背景下的各种解析解，包括呼吸波解和相互作用解。然后通过选择适当的参数和三维动画分析了这些解析解的动态特性。值得指出的是，非恒定背景对呼吸波和相互作用波的演化没有影响，这对海洋环境、湖泊和其他与水波有关的问题的研究和建模很有帮助。

引用次数: 0

Theoretical investigation of magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the half-Heusler alloy MnCoBi for magnetic refrigeration applications 用于磁制冷应用的半休斯勒合金 MnCoBi 的磁性和磁致性理论研究

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130007

In this work, we studied the magnetic, magnetocaloric, and hysteresis properties of the MnCoBi half-Heusler alloy using mean field approximation. We first detailed the model, method, and magnetic stability of MnCoBi. Our analysis revealed a Curie temperature (T_C) of 459 K, which is consistent with previous studies. Additionally, the alloy exhibited a relative cooling power (RCP) of 564.87 J/kg and a magnetocaloric effect of 19.726 J/kg.K at an applied magnetic field of 1.4 T. Furthermore, we examined the influence of temperature on the hysteresis behavior, finding that the compound transitions from a ferromagnetic phase to a paramagnetic phase for T > T_C. These results suggest that the MnCoBi half-Heusler alloy could be useful for various applications.

在这项研究中，我们利用平均场近似法研究了锰钴铍半赫斯勒合金的磁性、磁致性和磁滞特性。我们首先详细介绍了钴锰合金的模型、方法和磁稳定性。我们的分析表明居里温度 (TC) 为 459 K，这与之前的研究一致。此外，在 1.4 T 的外加磁场下，合金的相对冷却功率 (RCP) 为 564.87 J/kg，磁致效应为 19.726 J/kg.K。此外，我们还研究了温度对磁滞行为的影响，发现在 T > TC 时，化合物从铁磁相转变为顺磁相。这些结果表明，锰钴铋半赫斯勒合金可用于各种应用。

引用次数: 0

Impact of alloying on elastic, thermal and ultrasonic properties of wurtzite ScxAl1-xN 合金化对涡晶 ScxAl1-xN 的弹性、热和超声特性的影响

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130010

The influence of alloying on elastic, thermal and ultrasonic properties has been investigated for wurtzite (wz) structured Sc_xAl_1-xN alloy at room temperature along the unique axis. Firstly, the higher order elastic constants have been computed by means of Lennard-Jones potential model. The mechanical constants are estimated to determine mechanical properties like stability, stiffness, compressibility, hardness and ductility etc. The ultrasonic wave velocities have been appraised using the second order elastic constants (SOECs) at different angle of propagation, which have been further used to calculate thermal properties like Debye temperatures, thermal conductivities and thermal relaxation time of Sc_xAl_1-xN at room temperature (300 K). Finally, the coefficient of ultrasonic attenuation due to the thermoelastic relaxation process and due to the phonon-viscosity interaction process has been analyzed for wz- Sc_xAl_1-xN at 300K. The achieved results have been interpreted with existing results on wz- Sc_xAl_1-xN as well as with other wz materials.

研究了合金化对室温下独特轴线上的沃特兹体（wz）结构 ScxAl1-xN 合金的弹性、热和超声特性的影响。首先，通过伦纳德-琼斯势能模型计算了高阶弹性常数。通过估算机械常数，确定了稳定性、刚度、可压缩性、硬度和延展性等机械特性。利用二阶弹性常数 (SOECs) 评估了不同传播角度下的超声波速度，并进一步用于计算 ScxAl1-xN 在室温（300 K）下的德拜温度、热导率和热弛豫时间等热特性。最后，分析了 wz- ScxAl1-xN 在 300K 时由于热弹性弛豫过程和声子-粘度相互作用过程引起的超声衰减系数。所取得的结果与现有的 wz- ScxAl1-xN 以及其他 wz 材料的结果进行了解释。

引用次数: 0

Different built-in electric fields for transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes through doping engineering: Design and modeling 通过掺杂工程实现透射模式砷化镓光电阴极的不同内置电场：设计与建模

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130009

In order to enhance the emission performance of transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes used in optoelectronic field, different exponential doping structures are designed for the GaAs emission layer to generate different types of built-in electric fields. These built-in electric fields include the constant, increasing and decreasing types, which can help photoelectron transport toward the emission surface. By solving the one-dimensional continuity equation using the finite difference method, the electron concentration distribution and quantum efficiency of the three types of exponential doping GaAs photocathodes are derived. Meanwhile, the light absorption distributions in the emission layer are simulated by the finite difference time domain method. By comparing the optical absorption distribution and the electron concentration distribution, it is concluded that, among the three types of exponential doping structures, the exponential doping structure generating the increasing built-in electric field has the most sufficient long-wave light absorption capacity and the strongest photoelectron transport ability, thereby achieving the highest quantum efficiency. This theoretical work can help understand the mechanism of improving the photoemission performance of GaAs photocathodes through doping engineering.

为了提高用于光电领域的透射模式砷化镓光电阴极的发射性能，人们为砷化镓发射层设计了不同的指数掺杂结构，以产生不同类型的内置电场。这些内置电场包括恒定电场、递增电场和递减电场，有助于光电子向发射面的传输。通过使用有限差分法求解一维连续性方程，得出了三种指数掺杂砷化镓光电阴极的电子浓度分布和量子效率。同时，利用有限差分时域法模拟了发射层的光吸收分布。通过比较光吸收分布和电子浓度分布，得出结论：在三种指数掺杂结构中，产生不断增大的内置电场的指数掺杂结构具有最充分的长波光吸收能力和最强的光电子传输能力，从而获得最高的量子效率。这一理论研究有助于理解通过掺杂工程改善砷化镓光电阴极光发射性能的机理。

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引用次数: 0

Receptivity of Rayleigh-Taylor instability to acoustic pulses: Theoretical explanation of pulse propagation 瑞利-泰勒不稳定性对声学脉冲的感受性：脉冲传播的理论解释

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130004

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) has been reported in Sengupta, et al. (2022) [35] using more than 4 billion points with initial time steps of 7.69

\times 10^{- 8} s

. The set-up consists of quiescent heavy (cold) fluid atop lighter (hot) fluid initially separated by an insulated partition. Removal of this partition creates acoustic pulses in the directions normal to the interface, which provides the receptivity route of RTI to transient acoustic pulses spread over several mega-Hz frequencies, far in excess of ultrasonic frequencies. The DNS and its analysis reveal the pulses to be severely attenuated, which cannot be explained by the classical wave equation. In the present research, after demonstrating the features of the DNS results, we report in detail, the theoretical development of a wave equation incorporating losses based on the Navier-Stokes equation without Stokes' hypothesis for a quiescent ambience. Apart from the physical properties of this altered wave equation, the numerical solution of the same is obtained. The governing partial differential equation (PDE) for the propagation of disturbances in the spectral plane, provides the dispersion relation between wavenumber and circular frequency in the dissipative medium accounting for viscous losses. The presented analysis provides physical properties using the global spectral analysis (GSA). This shows the far-field perturbation to propagate either as attenuated waves or strictly in a diffusive manner depending upon the wavenumber. The PDE is solved numerically by a high-accuracy compact scheme and the four-stage, Runge-Kutta scheme for time advancement. The computed solution is shown to match not only with the developed theoretical analysis but also explains the DNS results for RTI at early times when the computed flow field truly represents the quiescent ambience.

Sengupta 等人（2022 年）[35] 报道了雷利-泰勒不稳定性（RTI）的直接数值模拟（DNS），使用了超过 40 亿个点，初始时间步长为 7.69 ×10-8s。该装置由静止的重（冷）流体和轻（热）流体组成，最初由一个绝缘隔板隔开。移除隔板会在界面的法线方向产生声脉冲，这就为 RTI 提供了接受瞬态声脉冲的途径，这些脉冲的频率分布在几兆赫兹范围内，远远超过超声波频率。DNS 及其分析表明脉冲被严重衰减，这无法用经典波方程来解释。在本研究中，在展示了 DNS 结果的特征之后，我们详细报告了基于纳维-斯托克斯方程的损耗波方程的理论发展，该方程在静态环境下没有斯托克斯假设。除了这个改变了的波方程的物理特性外，我们还获得了它的数值解。扰动在频谱平面上传播的支配偏微分方程（PDE）提供了耗散介质中波长和圆周频率之间的频散关系，并考虑了粘性损耗。所做的分析利用全局频谱分析（GSA）提供了物理特性。这表明远场扰动要么以衰减波的形式传播，要么严格以扩散的方式传播，具体取决于波长。该 PDE 采用高精度紧凑方案和四级 Runge-Kutta 方案进行数值求解。结果表明，计算结果不仅与理论分析相吻合，而且在计算流场真正代表静态环境时，还解释了早期 RTI 的 DNS 结果。

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引用次数: 0

Propagation of spatiotemporal Airy-Laguerre complex-variable-function Gaussian wave packets in a chiral medium 时空空气-拉盖尔复变函数高斯波包在手性介质中的传播

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130002

We analyze the propagation of spatiotemporal Airy-Laguerre complex-variable-function Gaussian (ALCG) wave packets using phase modulation. These wave packets can split into left circularly polarized ALCG (LCP-ALCG) and right circularly polarized ALCG (RCP-ALCG) components due to circular birefringence in a chiral medium. Our discussion primarily focuses on the effects of polynomial order, angle parameters, distribution factor, cross-phase factor, first-order chirp factor, and chiral parameter on the ALCG wave packets. The distinct LCP-ALCG and RCP-ALCG wave packet characteristics are obtained, and the radiation forces on Rayleigh dielectric particles are investigated. Our results emphasize the influence of various parameters in the propagation properties of ALCG wave packets, unveiling their potential for advancements in optical communication and optical trapping domains.

我们利用相位调制分析了时空空气-拉盖尔复变函数高斯（ALCG）波包的传播。由于手性介质中的圆双折射，这些波包可分为左圆极化 ALCG (LCP-ALCG) 和右圆极化 ALCG (RCP-ALCG) 两部分。我们的讨论主要集中在多项式阶数、角度参数、分布因子、交叉相位因子、一阶啁啾因子和手性参数对 ALCG 波包的影响。我们得到了不同的 LCP-ALCG 和 RCP-ALCG 波包特征，并研究了瑞利介质粒子上的辐射力。我们的研究结果强调了各种参数对 ALCG 波包传播特性的影响，揭示了其在光通信和光捕获领域的发展潜力。

引用次数: 0

Entanglement criteria based on quantum Fisher information 基于量子费雪信息的纠缠标准

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130003

To optimize the entanglement detection, we formulate the metrologically operational entanglement condition in quantum Fisher information by maximizing the QFI on the measurement orbit. Specifically, we consider two classes of typical local observables, i.e. the local orthonormal observables and symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures. Result shows that the symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures are superior to local orthonormal observables in entanglement detection, which in some sense hints the yet unconfirmed generally superiority of symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures in quantum information processing.

为了优化纠缠检测，我们通过最大化测量轨道上的 QFI 来制定量子费雪信息中的计量操作纠缠条件。具体来说，我们考虑了两类典型的局部观测量，即局部正交观测量和对称信息完整的正算子值量度。结果表明，对称信息完备的正算子值量度在纠缠检测中优于局部正态观测量度，这在某种意义上暗示了对称信息完备的正算子值量度在量子信息处理中尚未被证实的普遍优越性。

引用次数: 0

Strange sounds 奇怪的声音

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130006

This latter addresses the effects of long-ranged and/or retarded interactions on the bosonic collective modes in the so-called ‘strange metals’. Recently, there have been conflicting reports on the very existence of such stable collective excitations and their properties. Extending a number of approaches that have been previously used in the analyses of the standard Fermi liquid one finds evidence for, both, conventional and novel behaviors of the non-Fermi-liquid counterparts of the zero-, shear-, and other ‘sounds’.

后者探讨了长程和/或迟滞相互作用对所谓 "奇异金属 "中玻色集体模式的影响。最近，关于这种稳定集体激元的存在及其性质的报道相互矛盾。通过扩展以前用于分析标准费米液体的一系列方法，我们发现了零声、剪切声和其他 "声音 "的非费米液体对应物的传统和新颖行为的证据。

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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Physics Letters A

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