Physics Letters A最新文献

英文中文

Coupled information-epidemic spreading with consideration of self-isolation in the context of mass media 将信息流行病的传播与大众传媒背景下的自我隔离考虑结合起来

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130016

Dan Yang , Kunwei Chen , Wei Zhang , Teng Wang , Jiajun Xian , Nan Meng , Wei Wang , Ming Liu , Jinlin Ye

Modern social media can facilitate the diffusion of epidemic-related information during pandemics, thereby enhancing individual epidemic awareness. However, current research places less emphasis on self-isolation behaviors stimulated by such awareness, which are crucial for long-term epidemic response. Thus, we propose a coupled information-epidemic spreading model that incorporates the impact of mass media and self-isolation behaviors. Using the Microscopic Markov Chain Approach, we analyze the model, determine the epidemic threshold, and investigate parameters contributing to intertwined dynamics. Experiments show that self-isolation effectively raises the epidemic threshold and reduces outbreak scope. Besides, stronger mass media diffusion enhances self-isolation's inhibitory effect on epidemic spread. There exists a meta-critical point in information diffusion impact; only when exceeding it does information diffusion increase the epidemic threshold, but mass media presence can eliminate this point. This research underscores the critical role of mass media and self-isolation in controlling epidemics, offering valuable insights for prevention strategies.

现代社交媒体可以在大流行病期间促进流行病相关信息的传播，从而提高个人的流行病意识。然而，目前的研究较少强调这种意识所激发的自我隔离行为，而这种行为对于长期的流行病应对至关重要。因此，我们提出了一个信息-流行病传播耦合模型，将大众媒体的影响和自我隔离行为结合起来。利用微观马尔可夫链方法，我们对模型进行了分析，确定了流行阈值，并研究了导致交织动态的参数。实验表明，自我隔离能有效提高流行阈值并缩小爆发范围。此外，更强的大众媒体扩散增强了自我隔离对流行病传播的抑制作用。信息扩散影响存在一个元临界点，只有当超过这个临界点时，信息扩散才会提高疫情阈值，但大众媒体的存在可以消除这个临界点。这项研究强调了大众传媒和自我隔离在控制流行病中的关键作用，为预防策略提供了宝贵的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-hump solitons under fractional diffraction and inhomogeneous cubic nonlinearity in a quadratic potential 二次势中分数衍射和非均质立方非线性条件下的多驼峰孤子

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130018

Xuzhen Gao , Dumitru Mihalache , Milivoj R. Belić , Jincheng Shi , Dewen Cao , Xing Zhu , Liangwei Zeng

We demonstrate the existence and stability of various multi-hump soliton families within the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with inhomogeneous cubic nonlinearity and fractional diffraction, in the presence of a linear quadratic potential. The profiles, amplitudes, and powers of the three soliton families (the two-, three- and four-hump solitons) are investigated under different parameters, including the Lévy index, propagation constant, and the parameters of the nonuniform cubic nonlinearity. The amplitudes of the two- and three-hump solitons are little sensitive to the variations in the Lévy index, but are highly sensitive to the changes in the propagation constant. Furthermore, we report on two distinct types of four-hump solitons and their propagation under longitudinally modulated nonlinearity. Interestingly, a gradual increase or decrease in the parameter results in the stable regular propagation, while a sudden increase or decrease causes severe distortions and leads to unstable behavior of solitons.

我们证明了在非均质三次非线性和分数衍射的非线性薛定谔方程中，在存在线性二次势的情况下，各种多驼峰孤子族的存在和稳定性。研究了三个孤子族（二驼峰、三驼峰和四驼峰孤子）在不同参数（包括莱维指数、传播常数和非均匀立方非线性参数）下的轮廓、振幅和功率。双驼峰和三驼峰孤子的振幅对列维指数的变化不太敏感，但对传播常量的变化高度敏感。此外，我们还报告了两种不同类型的四驼峰孤子及其在纵向调制非线性条件下的传播情况。有趣的是，参数的逐渐增大或减小会导致稳定的规则传播，而突然增大或减小则会造成严重扭曲，导致孤子行为不稳定。

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引用次数: 0

The stable conversion for atom-homonuclear-trimer via the resonance-locked inverse engineering 通过共振锁定逆工程实现原子-单核-三聚体的稳定转换

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130019

Hong Cao

We derive an exact passage for atom-trimer conversion via the resonance-locked inverse engineering. In particular, the temporal shapes of the fields and the detunings correspond to the exact solution of the system. As a result, the atoms can be perfectly converted into trimers when we choose the suitable parametrization, in which the conversion rate is close to 100%. Compared to the nonlinear stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, the conversion process for exact passage is more robust and faster, which does not be affected by three-body interactions.

我们通过共振锁定逆工程推导出原子-三聚体转换的精确通道。特别是，场的时间形状和失谐与系统的精确解相对应。因此，当我们选择合适的参数时，原子可以完美地转换成三聚体，转换率接近 100%。与非线性受激拉曼绝热通过相比，精确通过的转换过程更稳健、更快速，不受三体相互作用的影响。

引用次数: 0

Tunable two-photon THz emissions through pair annihilation in graphene with a double gate structure 通过双栅结构石墨烯中的对湮灭实现可调谐双光子太赫兹发射

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130021

C.A. Dartora , Fernando Zanella , K.Z. Nobrega , Fabiano Thomazi , Havena Louise Pavan , Ariane A. de Lima , Natalia Pereira Menezes , Lecio V. Montanheiro , Juliana F. Vargas , E. Burkarter , Andre A. Mariano

How far the analogy between massless Dirac fermions in a truly relativistic (1+2)-D spacetime and electrons near the Fermi level in graphene can be seriously taken? A hallmark of relativistic QFT is the multi-photon emission through pair annihilation. In this paper, to address this question we formulate the theoretical basis for a double gate graphene device. In an infinite sheet of pristine graphene the Fermi level is located at the Dirac points, but it can be tunned through gate potentials. This way, electron and hole pockets are induced, forming N and P regions in a large monolayer graphene sheet. The quasi-particles can be accelerated through the source-drain potential to scatter at an intrinsic region, leading to electron-hole annihilation. Feynman amplitudes and emission rates for two-photon emissions arising from electron-hole annihilation in graphene are presented at lowest order, leading to analytical formulae for two photon production, which could experimentally be tested.

真正相对论 (1+2)-D 时空中的无质量狄拉克费米子与石墨烯中费米级附近的电子之间的类比在多大程度上可以被认真对待？相对论 QFT 的一个标志是通过成对湮灭实现多光子发射。在本文中，为了解决这个问题，我们提出了双栅石墨烯器件的理论基础。在原始石墨烯的无限薄片中，费米级位于狄拉克点，但可以通过栅极电位进行调整。这样，电子和空穴就会被诱导出来，在大型单层石墨烯片中形成 N 区和 P 区。准粒子可以通过源-漏电势加速，在本征区域散射，导致电子-空穴湮灭。研究提出了石墨烯中电子-空穴湮灭产生的双光子发射的最低阶费曼振幅和发射率，从而得出了双光子产生的分析公式，并可对其进行实验测试。

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引用次数: 0

Plasma-metal junction: A junction with negative turn-on voltage 等离子体-金属结：具有负开启电压的结

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.129994

Sneha Latha Kommuguri, Smrutishree Pratihary, Thangjam Rishikanta Singh, Suraj Kumar Sinha

Unlike junctions in solid-state devices, a plasma-metal junction (pm-junction) is a junction of classical and quantum electrons. The plasma electrons are Maxwellian in nature, while metal electrons obey the Fermi-Dirac distribution. In this experiment, the current-voltage characteristics of solid-state devices that form homo or hetero-junction are compared to the pm-junction. Observation shows that the turn-on voltage for pn-junction is 0.5V and decreases to 0.24V for metal-semiconductor junction. However, the pm-junction's turn-on voltage was lowered to a negative value of

- 7.0 V

. The devices with negative turn-on voltage are suitable for high-frequency operations. Further, observations show that the current-voltage characteristics of the pm-junction depend on the metal's work function, and the turn-on voltage remains unchanged. This result validates the applicability of the energy-band model for the pm-junction. We present a perspective metal-oxide-plasma (MOP), a gaseous electronic device, as an alternative to metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS), based on the new basic understanding developed.

与固态设备中的结不同，等离子体-金属结（pm-结）是经典电子和量子电子的结。等离子体电子的性质是麦克斯韦电子，而金属电子则服从费米-狄拉克分布。在本实验中，形成同结或异结的固态器件的电流-电压特性与 pm 结进行了比较。观察结果表明，pn 结的开启电压为 0.5V，而金属半导体结的开启电压则降至 0.24V。然而，pm 结的开启电压却降低到了负值 -7.0V。具有负开启电压的器件适用于高频操作。此外，观察结果表明，pm 结的电流-电压特性取决于金属的功函数，而开启电压保持不变。这一结果验证了能带模型对 pm 结的适用性。基于新的基本认识，我们提出了金属-氧化物-等离子体（MOP）这一气态电子器件，作为金属-氧化物-半导体（MOS）的替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Ring/vortex-like extreme wave in the partially nonlocal medium with different diffraction characteristics in both directions under influence of external potential and gain/loss 部分非局部介质中的环状/漩涡状极端波，在外部势能和增益/损耗的影响下，在两个方向上具有不同的衍射特性

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130012

Emmanuel Yomba

In this study, we analyze a (3+1)-dimensional partially nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) model, which incorporates various diffraction effects, gain or loss mechanisms, and confinement within linear and parabolic potentials. By reducing this complex model to a (2+1)-dimensional framework, we uncover analytical solutions that exhibit high-dimensional extreme wave structures with Hermite-Gaussian envelopes, illustrating the model's nonautonomous characteristics. Our investigation focuses on ring-like and vortex-like extreme waves, examining how different parameters—such as radius, Hermite parameter, gain, and thickness—affect these wave structures. Specifically, we find that, for fixed thickness, Hermite, and gain parameters, the radius influences the size of the wave structures. Conversely, with a fixed radius, Hermite, and thickness parameters, the gain parameter modifies the wave properties. The introduction of the Hermite parameter p increases the number of concentric layers in the ring-like extreme waves by

p + 1

. Additionally, incorporating gain and loss effects enhances the model's applicability to real-world scenarios.

在本研究中，我们分析了一个 (3+1) 维部分非局部非线性薛定谔（NLS）模型，该模型包含各种衍射效应、增益或损耗机制以及线性和抛物线势中的约束。通过将这一复杂模型还原为 (2+1)-dimensional 框架，我们发现了具有 Hermite-Gaussian 包络的高维极值波结构的解析解，说明了该模型的非自主特性。我们的研究重点是环状和涡状极值波，考察了不同参数（如半径、赫米特参数、增益和厚度）对这些波结构的影响。具体来说，我们发现在厚度、赫米特参数和增益参数固定的情况下，半径会影响波浪结构的大小。相反，在半径、Hermite 和厚度参数固定的情况下，增益参数会改变波的特性。引入赫米特参数 p 后，环状极波的同心层数增加了 p+1。此外，增益和损耗效应的加入增强了模型在现实世界中的适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Observation of self-excited oscillations in DC glow discharge dusty plasma 直流辉光放电尘埃等离子体中的自激振荡观测

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130013

Nidhi Patel, G. Prasad

We present a detailed experimental study of discharge current oscillations in a planar cathode plasma with poly dispersed alumina dust particles. Our experimental measurements suggest that surface density of dust particles play an important role together with cathode spots, in deciding self excited oscillating regime or stable dust cloud regime. Experiments conducted with dust particles density below the critical limit shows self excited oscillations. Operating above the critical limit, a dust cloud levitated in the sheath region was observed.

我们对带有多分散氧化铝尘埃粒子的平面阴极等离子体中的放电电流振荡进行了详细的实验研究。我们的实验测量结果表明，尘埃粒子的表面密度与阴极斑点在决定自激振荡状态或稳定尘埃云状态时起着重要作用。在尘埃粒子密度低于临界极限时进行的实验显示了自激振荡。在超过临界极限的情况下，观察到尘埃云悬浮在鞘区。

引用次数: 0

Induced magnetic effects on intrinsic properties of edge-passivated triangular zigzag phosphorene quantum dots using spin-polarized density functional theory 利用自旋偏振密度泛函理论研究边缘钝化三角形人字形磷烯量子点内在特性的诱导磁效应

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130014

Samaneh Sadat. Hoseini, Faezeh Shabani, Edris Faizabadi

The electrical and magnetic characteristics of edge-passivated triangular zigzag phosphorene quantum dots, saturated with hydrogen and oxygen atoms, have been investigated using spin-polarized density functional theory. The findings indicate that oxygen passivation alters the bond lengths, cohesive energies, and bandgaps of the quantum dots, leading to increased stability and magnetism due to unbonded single electrons in the oxygen atoms. The study also explored the impact of an external electric field on the energy gap, molecular orbital distribution, and local spin density of selected quantum dots. Our results show significant changes in the energy spectra and magnetic moments of the magnetized structures. The tunability of the magnetic and electronic attributes of triangular phosphorene quantum dots can be exploited in designing electronic and spintronic devices.

我们利用自旋极化密度泛函理论研究了氢原子和氧原子饱和的边缘钝化三角形人字形磷烯量子点的电学和磁学特性。研究结果表明，氧钝化改变了量子点的键长、内聚能和带隙，从而使氧原子中未成键的单电子增加了稳定性和磁性。研究还探讨了外部电场对选定量子点的能隙、分子轨道分布和局部自旋密度的影响。我们的研究结果表明，磁化结构的能谱和磁矩发生了显著变化。三角形磷烯量子点的磁性和电子属性的可调性可用于设计电子和自旋电子器件。

引用次数: 0

Breathers and interaction phenomena on the non-constant backgrounds for a (3+1)-dimensional generalized shallow water wave equation with variable coefficients 带可变系数的 (3+1) 维广义浅水波方程的呼吸器和非恒定背景上的相互作用现象

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130008

Na Lv , Wen An , Runfa Zhang , Xuegang Yuan , Yichao Yue

The analytic solutions of water wave equations on the non-constant backgrounds can better describe the complex marine and lake environment, including tidal effects, topographic changes and other factors. In this paper, a (3+1)-dimensional generalized shallow water wave equation with variable coefficients is investigated by the symmetry transformation and bilinear neural network method (BNNM). By constructing the “4-3-1” neural network models, various analytic solutions on the non-constant backgrounds of the equation are successfully obtained, including the breather wave solutions and interaction solutions. Then the dynamic characteristics of these analytic solutions are analyzed through selecting appropriate parameters and 3D animations. It is worth pointing out that the non-constant backgrounds have no effect on the evolutions of breather waves and interaction waves, which is useful for the study and modeling of the marine environments, lakes, and other problems related to water waves.

非定常背景下水波方程的解析解可以更好地描述包括潮汐效应、地形变化等因素在内的复杂海洋和湖泊环境。本文通过对称变换和双线性神经网络法（BNNM）研究了一个具有可变系数的（3+1）维广义浅水波方程。通过构建 "4-3-1 "神经网络模型，成功地得到了方程非定常背景下的各种解析解，包括呼吸波解和相互作用解。然后通过选择适当的参数和三维动画分析了这些解析解的动态特性。值得指出的是，非恒定背景对呼吸波和相互作用波的演化没有影响，这对海洋环境、湖泊和其他与水波有关的问题的研究和建模很有帮助。

引用次数: 0

Theoretical investigation of magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the half-Heusler alloy MnCoBi for magnetic refrigeration applications 用于磁制冷应用的半休斯勒合金 MnCoBi 的磁性和磁致性理论研究

IF 2.3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130007

E.M. Jalal , H. Kerrai , H. Saadi , N. Hachem , A. Hasnaoui , M. El Bouziani

In this work, we studied the magnetic, magnetocaloric, and hysteresis properties of the MnCoBi half-Heusler alloy using mean field approximation. We first detailed the model, method, and magnetic stability of MnCoBi. Our analysis revealed a Curie temperature (T_C) of 459 K, which is consistent with previous studies. Additionally, the alloy exhibited a relative cooling power (RCP) of 564.87 J/kg and a magnetocaloric effect of 19.726 J/kg.K at an applied magnetic field of 1.4 T. Furthermore, we examined the influence of temperature on the hysteresis behavior, finding that the compound transitions from a ferromagnetic phase to a paramagnetic phase for T > T_C. These results suggest that the MnCoBi half-Heusler alloy could be useful for various applications.

在这项研究中，我们利用平均场近似法研究了锰钴铍半赫斯勒合金的磁性、磁致性和磁滞特性。我们首先详细介绍了钴锰合金的模型、方法和磁稳定性。我们的分析表明居里温度 (TC) 为 459 K，这与之前的研究一致。此外，在 1.4 T 的外加磁场下，合金的相对冷却功率 (RCP) 为 564.87 J/kg，磁致效应为 19.726 J/kg.K。此外，我们还研究了温度对磁滞行为的影响，发现在 T > TC 时，化合物从铁磁相转变为顺磁相。这些结果表明，锰钴铋半赫斯勒合金可用于各种应用。

引用次数: 0

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