Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131245
Giuseppe Nisticò
The present study proposes an alternative approach to the problem of the emergence of classicality in quantum physics.
The very origin of non classicality of quantum phenomenology can be identified in the empirically ascertained failure of the classical principle according to which every specimen of the physical system is assigned a value for each magnitude, as an objective property. The present approach shows how for specific macroscopic quantum systems the emergence of classicality can be explained by the possibility of overcoming these limitations to consistent value assignments, according to quantum theory.
{"title":"Emergence of classicality explained by consistent value assignments","authors":"Giuseppe Nisticò","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study proposes an alternative approach to the problem of the emergence of classicality in quantum physics.</div><div>The very origin of non classicality of quantum phenomenology can be identified in the empirically ascertained failure of the classical principle according to which every specimen of the physical system is assigned a value for each magnitude, as an objective property. The present approach shows how for specific macroscopic quantum systems the emergence of classicality can be explained by the possibility of overcoming these limitations to consistent value assignments, according to quantum theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"569 ","pages":"Article 131245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131236
Nirmoy Kumar Das , Yogesh Chettri , Ashoke Das , Asit Saha
In this article, multi-shock ocean waves described by the Geophysical Burgers equation are constructed using the Darboux transformation within the Lax pair framework. This study specifically considers the Geophysical Burgers equation that incorporates dissipation, providing a more comprehensive model for oceanic wave dynamics and their complex behaviors. Through an appropriate transformation, the equation is simplified, and its Lax pair is derived via the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) scheme, confirming its integrability. The study presents the derivation of multi-shock ocean waves for the Geophysical Burgers equation using the Darboux transformation method within the Lax pair framework for the first time to the best of our knowledge. By applying the Darboux transformation, a series of explicit form of the ocean waves to the Geophysical Burgers equation are obtained, revealing new types of multi-shock wave structures. These findings reveal previously unexplored dynamic behaviors of the ocean waves, supported by detailed 3D visualizations that illustrate the system’s evolution. Furthermore, all possible periodic, multiperiodic, and quasiperiodic behaviors of the nonlinear ocean waves are examined through phase-projection and time-series analyses by varying the physical parameters.
本文利用Lax对框架内的Darboux变换构造了地球物理Burgers方程所描述的多激波。本研究特别考虑了包含耗散的地球物理Burgers方程，为海浪动力学及其复杂行为提供了一个更全面的模型。通过适当的变换，对方程进行了简化，并利用ablowitz - kap - newwell - segur （AKNS）格式导出了方程的Lax对，证实了方程的可积性。据我们所知，该研究首次在Lax对框架内使用Darboux变换方法推导了地球物理Burgers方程的多激波。将达布变换应用到地球物理伯格方程中，得到了一系列海浪的显式形式，揭示了新型的多激波结构。这些发现揭示了以前未被探索的海浪的动态行为，并由详细的3D可视化支持，说明了系统的演变。此外，通过改变物理参数的相位投影和时间序列分析，研究了非线性海浪的所有可能的周期、多周期和准周期行为。
{"title":"Periodic, multi-periodic, quasiperiodic and shock ocean waves through the geophysical-burgers equation","authors":"Nirmoy Kumar Das , Yogesh Chettri , Ashoke Das , Asit Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, multi-shock ocean waves described by the Geophysical Burgers equation are constructed using the Darboux transformation within the Lax pair framework. This study specifically considers the Geophysical Burgers equation that incorporates dissipation, providing a more comprehensive model for oceanic wave dynamics and their complex behaviors. Through an appropriate transformation, the equation is simplified, and its Lax pair is derived via the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) scheme, confirming its integrability. The study presents the derivation of multi-shock ocean waves for the Geophysical Burgers equation using the Darboux transformation method within the Lax pair framework for the first time to the best of our knowledge. By applying the Darboux transformation, a series of explicit form of the ocean waves to the Geophysical Burgers equation are obtained, revealing new types of multi-shock wave structures. These findings reveal previously unexplored dynamic behaviors of the ocean waves, supported by detailed 3D visualizations that illustrate the system’s evolution. Furthermore, all possible periodic, multiperiodic, and quasiperiodic behaviors of the nonlinear ocean waves are examined through phase-projection and time-series analyses by varying the physical parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"570 ","pages":"Article 131236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131249
Pengcheng Wan , Kunping Guo , Shuangpeng Li , Mengyao Li , Xiao Wang , Qichao Dou , Xiaoming Tian , Fanghui Zhang
Printable polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) have attracted significant attention over the past decade due to their potential for high-throughput and cost-effective manufacturing. However, intrinsic challenges arising from solution processing, including imbalanced electron injection and exciton–polaron quenching, have persistently constrained their performance. Herein, we systematically investigated electron injection dynamics in all solution-processed PLEDs with different electron-injection materials and transport layers to gain insight into their impact on electroluminescence performance. It was found that metallic calcium with a low work function of 2.9 eV can efficiently facilitate electron injection and reduce exciton quenching at an optimized thickness in PLEDs, whereas its high chemical reactivity results in oxidation, limiting electron injection and reducing the maximum EQE from 5.6 to 3.4 %. When an ultrathin LiF layer was adopted as an alternative electron-injection layer, the PLED suffered from high metal-induced exciton quenching and local injection inhomogeneity, resulting in a limited maximum luminance of only 3700 cd/m² and severe efficiency roll-off. Thanks to the incporation of TPBi as electron transport layer (ETL), polymer devices achieved a maximum luminance of 8300 cd/m² and state-of-the-art EQE of 6.3 %. Even under an optimized all-solution-processed configuration, the PLED maintained a high luminance of 7360 cd/m² and a maximum EQE of 6.1 %, revealing the significance of efficient electron injection/transport in solution-processed ETLs.
{"title":"Electron injection dynamics in polymer light-emitting diodes toward printable devices","authors":"Pengcheng Wan , Kunping Guo , Shuangpeng Li , Mengyao Li , Xiao Wang , Qichao Dou , Xiaoming Tian , Fanghui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Printable polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) have attracted significant attention over the past decade due to their potential for high-throughput and cost-effective manufacturing. However, intrinsic challenges arising from solution processing, including imbalanced electron injection and exciton–polaron quenching, have persistently constrained their performance. Herein, we systematically investigated electron injection dynamics in all solution-processed PLEDs with different electron-injection materials and transport layers to gain insight into their impact on electroluminescence performance. It was found that metallic calcium with a low work function of 2.9 eV can efficiently facilitate electron injection and reduce exciton quenching at an optimized thickness in PLEDs, whereas its high chemical reactivity results in oxidation, limiting electron injection and reducing the maximum EQE from 5.6 to 3.4 %. When an ultrathin LiF layer was adopted as an alternative electron-injection layer, the PLED suffered from high metal-induced exciton quenching and local injection inhomogeneity, resulting in a limited maximum luminance of only 3700 cd/m² and severe efficiency roll-off. Thanks to the incporation of TPBi as electron transport layer (ETL), polymer devices achieved a maximum luminance of 8300 cd/m² and state-of-the-art EQE of 6.3 %. Even under an optimized all-solution-processed configuration, the PLED maintained a high luminance of 7360 cd/m² and a maximum EQE of 6.1 %, revealing the significance of efficient electron injection/transport in solution-processed ETLs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"568 ","pages":"Article 131249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131238
Bogdan M. Fominykh, Valentin Yu. Irkhin, Vyacheslav V. Marchenkov
The Berry phase, a fundamental geometric phase in quantum systems, has become a crucial tool for probing the topological properties of materials. Quantum oscillations, such as Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations, are widely used to extract this phase, but its unambiguous determination remains challenging. This work highlights the inherent ambiguities in interpreting the oscillation phase solely from SdH data, primarily due to the influence of the spin factor RS, which depends on the Landé g-factor and effective mass. While the Lifshitz-Kosevich (LK) theory provides a framework for analyzing oscillations, the unknown g-factor introduces significant uncertainty. For instance, a zero oscillation phase could arise either from a nontrivial Berry phase or a negative RS. We demonstrate that neglecting RS in modern studies, especially for topological materials with strong spin-orbit coupling, can lead to doubtful conclusions. Through theoretical analysis and numerical examples, we show how the interplay between the Berry phase and Zeeman effect complicates phase determination. Additionally, we also discuss another underappreciated mechanism - the magnetic field dependence of the Fermi level. Our discussion underscores the need for complementary experimental techniques to resolve these ambiguities and calls for further research to refine the interpretation of quantum oscillations in topological systems.
{"title":"Is it possible to determine unambiguously the Berry phase solely from quantum oscillations?","authors":"Bogdan M. Fominykh, Valentin Yu. Irkhin, Vyacheslav V. Marchenkov","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Berry phase, a fundamental geometric phase in quantum systems, has become a crucial tool for probing the topological properties of materials. Quantum oscillations, such as Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations, are widely used to extract this phase, but its unambiguous determination remains challenging. This work highlights the inherent ambiguities in interpreting the oscillation phase solely from SdH data, primarily due to the influence of the spin factor <em>R<sub>S</sub></em>, which depends on the Landé <em>g</em>-factor and effective mass. While the Lifshitz-Kosevich (LK) theory provides a framework for analyzing oscillations, the unknown g-factor introduces significant uncertainty. For instance, a zero oscillation phase could arise either from a nontrivial Berry phase or a negative <em>R<sub>S</sub></em>. We demonstrate that neglecting <em>R<sub>S</sub></em> in modern studies, especially for topological materials with strong spin-orbit coupling, can lead to doubtful conclusions. Through theoretical analysis and numerical examples, we show how the interplay between the Berry phase and Zeeman effect complicates phase determination. Additionally, we also discuss another underappreciated mechanism - the magnetic field dependence of the Fermi level. Our discussion underscores the need for complementary experimental techniques to resolve these ambiguities and calls for further research to refine the interpretation of quantum oscillations in topological systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"569 ","pages":"Article 131238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131239
Huilin Wang, Kui Tuo, Zhekai Chen
Understanding how the functional form of the degree distribution shapes network properties is crucial in network science. We introduce and analyze a q-Maxwell-Boltzmann (q-MB) network model generated using the static Configuration Model. The model employs a degree distribution P(k) characterized by a k2 pre-factor and a generalized q-exponential term dependent on k2, controlled by parameters q and b: . We systematically investigate the impact of q and b on the network’s topology and robustness. Our simulations reveal distinct but coupled roles for the parameters. Parameter b acts as a scale parameter, controlling the degree at which network heterogeneity becomes prominent. Consequently, increasing b leads to heavier power-law tails, increased path lengths, and more pronounced hierarchical clustering. In contrast, parameter q is a shape parameter that directly governs the asymptotic power-law decay of the distribution’s tail. We demonstrate their significant interplay, showing that the network’s average degree is a coupled function of both q and b. While increased heterogeneity (larger b) enhances robustness against random failures, it also increases vulnerability to targeted attacks. Crucially, we find that increasing q can substantially mitigate this vulnerability, even for highly heterogeneous networks. The q-MB model provides a flexible framework for generating networks with tunable small-world and hierarchical properties, offering key insights into the trade-off between random and targeted attack robustness.
{"title":"Structure and robustness of networks generated by a q-Maxwell-Boltzmann degree distribution","authors":"Huilin Wang, Kui Tuo, Zhekai Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how the functional form of the degree distribution shapes network properties is crucial in network science. We introduce and analyze a <em>q</em>-Maxwell-Boltzmann (<em>q</em>-MB) network model generated using the static Configuration Model. The model employs a degree distribution P(k) characterized by a <em>k</em><sup>2</sup> pre-factor and a generalized <em>q</em>-exponential term dependent on <em>k</em><sup>2</sup>, controlled by parameters <em>q</em> and <em>b</em>: <span><math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><msup><mi>Z</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><msup><mrow><mo>[</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>b</mi><msup><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>]</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. We systematically investigate the impact of <em>q</em> and <em>b</em> on the network’s topology and robustness. Our simulations reveal distinct but coupled roles for the parameters. Parameter <em>b</em> acts as a scale parameter, controlling the degree at which network heterogeneity becomes prominent. Consequently, increasing <em>b</em> leads to heavier power-law tails, increased path lengths, and more pronounced hierarchical clustering. In contrast, parameter <em>q</em> is a shape parameter that directly governs the asymptotic power-law decay of the distribution’s tail. We demonstrate their significant interplay, showing that the network’s average degree is a coupled function of both <em>q</em> and <em>b</em>. While increased heterogeneity (larger <em>b</em>) enhances robustness against random failures, it also increases vulnerability to targeted attacks. Crucially, we find that increasing <em>q</em> can substantially mitigate this vulnerability, even for highly heterogeneous networks. The <em>q</em>-MB model provides a flexible framework for generating networks with tunable small-world and hierarchical properties, offering key insights into the trade-off between random and targeted attack robustness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"568 ","pages":"Article 131239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131247
Xuanrui Zhang , Taha Sheheryar , Huibin Tao , Bo Lv
Nitrate contamination represents a pervasive and persistent challenge in ecological systems, with significant bioaccumulation potential throughout the food chain. Accurate quantification of nitrate concentrations demands sensing technologies with exceptional sensitivity and environmental robustness. However, conventional sensor architectures face fundamental limitations due to low quality-factor resonators and manufacturing inconsistencies, which compromise their measurement precision and reliability. These constraints highlight the critical need for novel sensing paradigms that transcend traditional performance boundaries. In this work, we present a breakthrough electronic sensor design that harnessing the extraordinary properties of non-Hermitian high-order topological singularities. Our architecture integrates a glass-substrate interdigitated capacitor (IDC) with a non-Hermitian high-order topological circuit operating in its corner state. This innovative configuration exploits two key physical phenomena: the dramatic impedance enhancement characteristic of non-Hermitian high-order topological corner state and the exceptional sensitivity of resonant frequency shifts to minute dielectric perturbations. The resulting sensor achieves unprecedented nitrate detection sensitivity through precise tracking of resonance peak displacements while maintaining remarkable resilience against environmental disturbances. The significance of this advancement extends beyond nitrate monitoring, establishing a transformative framework at the intersection of non-Hermitian physics and precision sensing.
{"title":"High-order non-Hermitian topolectrical circuit for nitrate sensing","authors":"Xuanrui Zhang , Taha Sheheryar , Huibin Tao , Bo Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrate contamination represents a pervasive and persistent challenge in ecological systems, with significant bioaccumulation potential throughout the food chain. Accurate quantification of nitrate concentrations demands sensing technologies with exceptional sensitivity and environmental robustness. However, conventional sensor architectures face fundamental limitations due to low quality-factor resonators and manufacturing inconsistencies, which compromise their measurement precision and reliability. These constraints highlight the critical need for novel sensing paradigms that transcend traditional performance boundaries. In this work, we present a breakthrough electronic sensor design that harnessing the extraordinary properties of non-Hermitian high-order topological singularities. Our architecture integrates a glass-substrate interdigitated capacitor (IDC) with a non-Hermitian high-order topological circuit operating in its corner state. This innovative configuration exploits two key physical phenomena: the dramatic impedance enhancement characteristic of non-Hermitian high-order topological corner state and the exceptional sensitivity of resonant frequency shifts to minute dielectric perturbations. The resulting sensor achieves unprecedented nitrate detection sensitivity through precise tracking of resonance peak displacements while maintaining remarkable resilience against environmental disturbances. The significance of this advancement extends beyond nitrate monitoring, establishing a transformative framework at the intersection of non-Hermitian physics and precision sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"568 ","pages":"Article 131247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131201
Ali Övgün , Reggie C. Pantig
In this work, we have investigated the phenomenon of acceleration radiation exhibited by a two-level atom freely falling into a Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP)-corrected Schwarzschild black hole. We derive analytic expressions for the atom’s excitation probability with simultaneous emission of a scalar quantum and observe that it satisfies the Einstein equivalence principle when compared to the excitation probability induced by a uniformly accelerating mirror, motivated by studies [10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.071301] and [10.1073/pnas.1807703115]. Adopting an open-quantum-system framework, we then compute the horizon-brightened acceleration radiation (HBAR) entropy for the GUP-corrected spacetime and find that it reproduces the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy law, with corrections characteristic of GUP effects. These results underline the robustness of thermal radiation processes near horizons and the universality of entropy corrections in quantum-improved black hole spacetimes.
{"title":"HBAR entropy of infalling atoms into a GUP-corrected Schwarzschild black hole and equivalence principle","authors":"Ali Övgün , Reggie C. Pantig","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we have investigated the phenomenon of acceleration radiation exhibited by a two-level atom freely falling into a Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP)-corrected Schwarzschild black hole. We derive analytic expressions for the atom’s excitation probability with simultaneous emission of a scalar quantum and observe that it satisfies the Einstein equivalence principle when compared to the excitation probability induced by a uniformly accelerating mirror, motivated by studies [10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.071301] and [10.1073/pnas.1807703115]. Adopting an open-quantum-system framework, we then compute the horizon-brightened acceleration radiation (HBAR) entropy for the GUP-corrected spacetime and find that it reproduces the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy law, with corrections characteristic of GUP effects. These results underline the robustness of thermal radiation processes near horizons and the universality of entropy corrections in quantum-improved black hole spacetimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"568 ","pages":"Article 131201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131233
Yishu Xian , Luyuan Chen , Meizhu Li , Qi Zhang
The hypergraph network extends complex networks with higher-order interactions, where edges (hyperedges) can link multiple nodes. Quantifying the structural complexity of hypergraphs is a key problem, especially for networks with high-order interactions. In the work, the hyperedge structural entropy is proposed to measure the structural complexity of the hypergraph network based on Shannon entropy and the distribution of hyperedges weighted by their degree (hyperdegree). Its effectiveness is verified through hypergraphs growing under the extended Erdős-Rényi and Barabási-Albert models. We find that hypergraphs with a core-periphery structure have lower structural entropy than those with homogeneous structure. Changes in the growth rule impact the entropy’s growth trends. The method is applied to real-world hypergraphs (House-bills and Walmart-trips networks), demonstrating that hyperedge structural entropy effectively quantifies structural complexity in hypergraphs, similar to classical complex networks.
{"title":"Topological complexity quantification in hypergraphs networks via hyperedge-based entropic measures","authors":"Yishu Xian , Luyuan Chen , Meizhu Li , Qi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hypergraph network extends complex networks with higher-order interactions, where edges (hyperedges) can link multiple nodes. Quantifying the structural complexity of hypergraphs is a key problem, especially for networks with high-order interactions. In the work, the hyperedge structural entropy is proposed to measure the structural complexity of the hypergraph network based on Shannon entropy and the distribution of hyperedges weighted by their degree (hyperdegree). Its effectiveness is verified through hypergraphs growing under the extended Erdős-Rényi and Barabási-Albert models. We find that hypergraphs with a core-periphery structure have lower structural entropy than those with homogeneous structure. Changes in the growth rule impact the entropy’s growth trends. The method is applied to real-world hypergraphs (House-bills and Walmart-trips networks), demonstrating that hyperedge structural entropy effectively quantifies structural complexity in hypergraphs, similar to classical complex networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"569 ","pages":"Article 131233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131232
S. Mahendran , K. Manikandan , P.S. Vinayagam
We investigate the coupled nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation that incorporates spin-orbit coupling and Rabi interactions, focusing on symmetry-preserving soliton solutions within a parity-time symmetric framework. Integrability of the system is retained by replacing the local nonlinear interaction with a nonlocal spatially reversed term, which gives rise to dynamics far richer than those encountered in conventional local models. Employing the Darboux transformation, we construct a general class of second-order soliton solutions for this model. Our analysis demonstrates that appropriate modulation of parameters enables smooth switching among bright-bright, bright-dark, dark-bright, and dark-dark soliton pairings, highlighting the remarkable versatility of the system. The inclusion of spin-orbit coupling and Rabi coupling further induces complex phenomena such as symmetry-preserving oscillations, intricate modulation patterns, and enhanced energy exchange between soliton components. We further extend our investigation to examine the influence of spin-orbit coupling and Rabi coupling on breather and rogue wave solutions. These findings establish the model as an experimentally relevant integrable platform for advanced soliton control, nonlinear symmetry phenomena and dynamic switching in both photonic systems and ultracold atomic condensates.
{"title":"Exploring symmetry-preserving solitons in nonlocal coupled nonlinear media with spin-orbit coupling and Rabi effects","authors":"S. Mahendran , K. Manikandan , P.S. Vinayagam","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the coupled nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation that incorporates spin-orbit coupling and Rabi interactions, focusing on symmetry-preserving soliton solutions within a parity-time symmetric framework. Integrability of the system is retained by replacing the local nonlinear interaction with a nonlocal spatially reversed term, which gives rise to dynamics far richer than those encountered in conventional local models. Employing the Darboux transformation, we construct a general class of second-order soliton solutions for this model. Our analysis demonstrates that appropriate modulation of parameters enables smooth switching among bright-bright, bright-dark, dark-bright, and dark-dark soliton pairings, highlighting the remarkable versatility of the system. The inclusion of spin-orbit coupling and Rabi coupling further induces complex phenomena such as symmetry-preserving oscillations, intricate modulation patterns, and enhanced energy exchange between soliton components. We further extend our investigation to examine the influence of spin-orbit coupling and Rabi coupling on breather and rogue wave solutions. These findings establish the model as an experimentally relevant integrable platform for advanced soliton control, nonlinear symmetry phenomena and dynamic switching in both photonic systems and ultracold atomic condensates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"569 ","pages":"Article 131232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-07DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131243
Zhonghai Lin , Zhuo Chen , Huitian Du , Jing Sun , Pingjian Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Hangwen Qu , Zhuhui Qiao
The structural stability and optoelectronic properties of quasi-two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites Sr3X2O7 (X = Ti, Zr, Hf) are analyzed using first-principles calculations. The study examines strain-dependent changes in optoelectronic behavior. The ionic radius of X-site cations increases from Ti4+ to Zr4+ to Hf4+, with Sr3Zr2O7 having the largest unit cell. The band gaps follow the trend: Sr3Ti2O7 (4.262 eV) < Sr3Zr2O7 (5.244 eV) < Sr3Hf2O7 (5.777 eV), decreasing with larger lattice constants and biaxial tensile strain. Optical analysis shows that all compounds excel in light absorption between 5–10 eV, with Sr3Hf2O7 performing best. In the 4–6 eV range, Sr3Ti2O7 has optimal absorption. Strain tuning allows precise band gap regulation, affecting optical absorption. Compressive strain causes a blue shift, while tensile strain induces a red shift in the absorption edge. These findings aid the design of layered perovskites with tunable optoelectronic properties through strain.
{"title":"Optoelectronic Properties Modulated by Strain in Quasi-2D Perovskite Sr3X2O7 (X = Ti, Zr, Hf)","authors":"Zhonghai Lin , Zhuo Chen , Huitian Du , Jing Sun , Pingjian Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Hangwen Qu , Zhuhui Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structural stability and optoelectronic properties of quasi-two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites Sr<sub>3</sub>X<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (<em>X</em> = Ti, Zr, Hf) are analyzed using first-principles calculations. The study examines strain-dependent changes in optoelectronic behavior. The ionic radius of X-site cations increases from Ti<sup>4+</sup> to Zr<sup>4+</sup> to Hf<sup>4+</sup>, with Sr<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> having the largest unit cell. The band gaps follow the trend: Sr<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (4.262 eV) < Sr<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (5.244 eV) < Sr<sub>3</sub>Hf<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (5.777 eV), decreasing with larger lattice constants and biaxial tensile strain. Optical analysis shows that all compounds excel in light absorption between 5–10 eV, with Sr<sub>3</sub>Hf<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> performing best. In the 4–6 eV range, Sr<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> has optimal absorption. Strain tuning allows precise band gap regulation, affecting optical absorption. Compressive strain causes a blue shift, while tensile strain induces a red shift in the absorption edge. These findings aid the design of layered perovskites with tunable optoelectronic properties through strain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"568 ","pages":"Article 131243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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