Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130194
Z.B. Zhang
We theoretically study the transport properties of Dirac fermions in normal metal (N)/ferromagnetic insulator (FI)/superconductor (S) junctions, as well as in N/FI/N junctions, both formed on the surface of a three-dimensional strong topological insulator. In these systems, a ferromagnetic strip provides a Zeeman field m over a region of width . We focus on the tuning of the combination of magnetization and gate-tuned potential in the FI and show that the conductance behavior of both junctions exhibits rich features: in the N/FI/N junction, a magneto-electric switch occurs depending on the gate voltage with the pre-loaded magnetization; in the N/FI/S junction, we demonstrate that the role of the gate-tuned potential is similar to that of a Zeeman field m, with its orientation dependent on the superconducting pairing potentials, which reveals that Majorana zero-energy modes can be achieved without magnetization under appropriate Fermi surface mismatch. Our results show that the gate-tuned Fermi energy significantly impacts the transport properties of quantum junctions on the surface of a strong three-dimensional topological insulator, providing valuable guidance for exploring novel directions in transport phenomena that can be verified in realistic experimental setups.
{"title":"Influence of gated-potential and magnetization on the transport of Dirac fermions on topological insulators","authors":"Z.B. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We theoretically study the transport properties of Dirac fermions in normal metal (N)/ferromagnetic insulator (FI)/superconductor (S) junctions, as well as in N/FI/N junctions, both formed on the surface of a three-dimensional strong topological insulator. In these systems, a ferromagnetic strip provides a Zeeman field <strong><em>m</em></strong> over a region of width <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. We focus on the tuning of the combination of magnetization and gate-tuned potential in the FI and show that the conductance behavior of both junctions exhibits rich features: in the N/FI/N junction, a magneto-electric switch occurs depending on the gate voltage <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> with the pre-loaded magnetization; in the N/FI/S junction, we demonstrate that the role of the gate-tuned potential <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> is similar to that of a Zeeman field <strong><em>m</em></strong>, with its orientation dependent on the superconducting pairing potentials, which reveals that Majorana zero-energy modes can be achieved without magnetization under appropriate Fermi surface mismatch. Our results show that the gate-tuned Fermi energy significantly impacts the transport properties of quantum junctions on the surface of a strong three-dimensional topological insulator, providing valuable guidance for exploring novel directions in transport phenomena that can be verified in realistic experimental setups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In public goods games, reputation mechanisms have proven to be an effective strategy for promoting group cooperation. However, the impact of reputation mechanisms on the synergy factor remains under-explored. This study introduces a novel model that integrates a reputation-driven mechanism with locally variable synergy factors to investigate their effects in public goods games. The model comprises two main components: a reputation-driven reward system for cooperation and dynamic adjustments to the locally variable synergy factor. Through simulations, we demonstrate that reputation-driven locally variable synergy factors significantly enhance cooperation levels within groups. Additionally, this mechanism improves the stability of cooperation and increases overall system efficiency by optimizing local incentives and penalties. Our findings highlight the significant potential of reputation-driven locally variable synergy factors in addressing cooperation challenges in public goods games.
{"title":"The impact of reputation-driven locally variable synergy factors on public goods games","authors":"Xingping Sun, Xinzheng Liu , Hongwei Kang, Yong Shen, Qingyi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In public goods games, reputation mechanisms have proven to be an effective strategy for promoting group cooperation. However, the impact of reputation mechanisms on the synergy factor remains under-explored. This study introduces a novel model that integrates a reputation-driven mechanism with locally variable synergy factors to investigate their effects in public goods games. The model comprises two main components: a reputation-driven reward system for cooperation and dynamic adjustments to the locally variable synergy factor. Through simulations, we demonstrate that reputation-driven locally variable synergy factors significantly enhance cooperation levels within groups. Additionally, this mechanism improves the stability of cooperation and increases overall system efficiency by optimizing local incentives and penalties. Our findings highlight the significant potential of reputation-driven locally variable synergy factors in addressing cooperation challenges in public goods games.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130186
Song Tian, Yan Li, Juan Xu
Full-space multifunctional coding metasurface (MS) has attracted much attention. However, it is still a challenge to achieve full- space multi-functionalities within a simple metasurface structure. Herein, a multifunctional coding metasurface for dual-channel spatial multiplexing is proposed which using the shared aperture principle to independently manipulate the polarization wavefront of the metasurface in different spaces and frequencies. For incidence of linearly polarized (LP) and circularly polarized (CP) waves in two different spaces, the orientation angle and opening angle of the C-shaped structure can cover the phase shift of 0–2π . The metasurface achieves multi-channel and multifunctional features, including dual-channel vortex beams with different angles and dual-channel focusing beams. A full-space metasurface was prepared, both simulations and measurements are performed as a proof of concept and show good agreement. The multifunctional metasurface provides a new way for wavefront manipulation devices while having great potential in antenna, miniaturization, and integration of equipment in communication.
{"title":"Dual-channel multifunctional coding metasurface with integrated focusing and four-beam vortex beams","authors":"Song Tian, Yan Li, Juan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Full-space multifunctional coding metasurface (MS) has attracted much attention. However, it is still a challenge to achieve full- space multi-functionalities within a simple metasurface structure. Herein, a multifunctional coding metasurface for dual-channel spatial multiplexing is proposed which using the shared aperture principle to independently manipulate the polarization wavefront of the metasurface in different spaces and frequencies. For incidence of linearly polarized (LP) and circularly polarized (CP) waves in two different spaces, the orientation angle and opening angle of the C-shaped structure can cover the phase shift of 0–2π . The metasurface achieves multi-channel and multifunctional features, including dual-channel vortex beams with different angles and dual-channel focusing beams. A full-space metasurface was prepared, both simulations and measurements are performed as a proof of concept and show good agreement. The multifunctional metasurface provides a new way for wavefront manipulation devices while having great potential in antenna, miniaturization, and integration of equipment in communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130211
Adnan Jaradat, Saleh Abu-Rajouh, Abdalla Obeidat
The effect of chromium substitution on novel full Heusler alloys on the structural, mechanical, electronic, magnetic, and thermomagnetic properties of Co2Fe1-xCrxGe has been studied through first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. The chromium substitution induces a phase change due to differences in crystal symmetry. The materials are all stable according to formation energy and the Born-Huang criteria. The band gap of Co2Fe1-xCrxGe materials ranges from 0.876 eV to 1.566 eV The analysis of spin polarization indicates that all amounts of chromium concentration led to full polarization, suggesting that the material exhibits half-metallic behavior. A decrease in total magnetic moments and exchange coupling interactions is observed with increasing Cr concentration, which modifies the magnetic moment and electronic structure. The most robust exchange coupling occurs between the nearest neighbor Co-Fe pairs. The analysis of thermomagnetic properties shows that substituting chromium decreases the Curie temperature from 1020 K to 660K.
{"title":"Influence of chromium doping on the properties of Co2FeGe full Heusler alloys: First-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations","authors":"Adnan Jaradat, Saleh Abu-Rajouh, Abdalla Obeidat","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of chromium substitution on novel full Heusler alloys on the structural, mechanical, electronic, magnetic, and thermomagnetic properties of Co<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>1-x</sub>Cr<sub>x</sub>Ge has been studied through first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. The chromium substitution induces a phase change due to differences in crystal symmetry. The materials are all stable according to formation energy and the Born-Huang criteria. The band gap of Co<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>1-x</sub>Cr<sub>x</sub>Ge materials ranges from 0.876 eV to 1.566 eV The analysis of spin polarization indicates that all amounts of chromium concentration led to full polarization, suggesting that the material exhibits half-metallic behavior. A decrease in total magnetic moments and exchange coupling interactions is observed with increasing Cr concentration, which modifies the magnetic moment and electronic structure. The most robust exchange coupling occurs between the nearest neighbor Co-Fe pairs. The analysis of thermomagnetic properties shows that substituting chromium decreases the Curie temperature from 1020 K to 660K.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130187
Le Thu Lam , Pham Thi Minh Hanh , Nguyen Phuoc The , Ho Khac Hieu
The statistical moment method in statistical mechanics has been applied to investigate temperature effects on the thermodynamic properties of diamond-structure Si and Ge compounds. The analytical expressions of thermal-induced atomic displacement and the mean-square displacement (MSD) of these semiconductors have been derived. The advance of this method is that it has included the anharmonic effects of thermal lattice vibrations by taking into account the higher-order atomic displacement terms. Numerical calculations have been performed for Si and Ge semiconductors up to 800 K. Our theoretical calculations are compared with previous experiments and computations showing reasonable agreement. The obtained MSDs have also been used to derive the Debye temperatures of these two compounds. We have shown that while the MSD function increases rapidly, the Debye-Waller factor decreases promptly as temperature rises. The slopes of MSD curves of Si and Ge are, respectively, Å2/K and Å2/K at temperature beyond 150 K. The calculations of the present work can be used as an appropriate reference for the future experiments.
{"title":"Effect of temperature fluctuation on Debye-Waller factors and Debye temperatures of diamond-structure Si and Ge","authors":"Le Thu Lam , Pham Thi Minh Hanh , Nguyen Phuoc The , Ho Khac Hieu","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The statistical moment method in statistical mechanics has been applied to investigate temperature effects on the thermodynamic properties of diamond-structure Si and Ge compounds. The analytical expressions of thermal-induced atomic displacement and the mean-square displacement (MSD) of these semiconductors have been derived. The advance of this method is that it has included the anharmonic effects of thermal lattice vibrations by taking into account the higher-order atomic displacement terms. Numerical calculations have been performed for Si and Ge semiconductors up to 800 K. Our theoretical calculations are compared with previous experiments and computations showing reasonable agreement. The obtained MSDs have also been used to derive the Debye temperatures of these two compounds. We have shown that while the MSD function increases rapidly, the Debye-Waller factor decreases promptly as temperature rises. The slopes of MSD curves of Si and Ge are, respectively, <span><math><mn>5.4688</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> Å<sup>2</sup>/K and <span><math><mn>6.9194</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> Å<sup>2</sup>/K at temperature beyond 150 K. The calculations of the present work can be used as an appropriate reference for the future experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130200
Man Jia, S.Y. Lou
The Sharma-Tasso-Olver (STO) equation is characterized by an infinite number of symmetries; however, the physical implications of these symmetries have not been well established. Recently, a conjecture was proposed to illustrate the physical explanations of the infinite symmetries associated with several well-known equations. Inspired by the insights derived from this conjecture, this manuscript discusses the physical explanations of the infinite symmetries related to the n-soliton solutions and the two-wave complexiton solution of the STO equation. Our findings reveal that the K-symmetries correspond to symmetries associated with wave center translations, while the τ-symmetries encompass wave number translation symmetries as well as center translation symmetries applicable to both n-soliton and two-wave complexiton solutions. Furthermore, these results suggest a certain incompleteness inherent of the infinitely many symmetries. Additionally, we construct the n-wave solutions for the STO equation utilizing the framework provided by the conjecture.
{"title":"Physical explanations of infinite symmetries of Sharma-Tasso-Olver equation","authors":"Man Jia, S.Y. Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Sharma-Tasso-Olver (STO) equation is characterized by an infinite number of symmetries; however, the physical implications of these symmetries have not been well established. Recently, a conjecture was proposed to illustrate the physical explanations of the infinite symmetries associated with several well-known equations. Inspired by the insights derived from this conjecture, this manuscript discusses the physical explanations of the infinite symmetries related to the <em>n</em>-soliton solutions and the two-wave complexiton solution of the STO equation. Our findings reveal that the <em>K</em>-symmetries correspond to symmetries associated with wave center translations, while the <em>τ</em>-symmetries encompass wave number translation symmetries as well as center translation symmetries applicable to both <em>n</em>-soliton and two-wave complexiton solutions. Furthermore, these results suggest a certain incompleteness inherent of the infinitely many symmetries. Additionally, we construct the <em>n</em>-wave solutions for the STO equation utilizing the framework provided by the conjecture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130199
Jinlong Ma , Peng Wang
The spreading and diffusion of epidemics on multilayer networks has attracted increasing attention, however the community structure of multilayer networks has been neglected. It has shown that there is a close relationship between community structure and epidemic spreading. Therefore, we mainly analyze the influence of community structure on epidemic spreading in multilayer networks, and reveal influencing factors of epidemic spreading. The results show that the increase in the community average degree or the decrease in the connection probability among the communities in the infectious layer will promote the spreading of the epidemic, while the increase in the number of communities in the infectious layer or the increase in the community average degree in the information layer will inhibit the spreading of the epidemic. Additionally, the change in the number of communities in the information layer or the connection probability among the communities has little effect on the propagation threshold.
{"title":"Epidemic spreading on multilayer community networks","authors":"Jinlong Ma , Peng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spreading and diffusion of epidemics on multilayer networks has attracted increasing attention, however the community structure of multilayer networks has been neglected. It has shown that there is a close relationship between community structure and epidemic spreading. Therefore, we mainly analyze the influence of community structure on epidemic spreading in multilayer networks, and reveal influencing factors of epidemic spreading. The results show that the increase in the community average degree or the decrease in the connection probability among the communities in the infectious layer will promote the spreading of the epidemic, while the increase in the number of communities in the infectious layer or the increase in the community average degree in the information layer will inhibit the spreading of the epidemic. Additionally, the change in the number of communities in the information layer or the connection probability among the communities has little effect on the propagation threshold.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130198
Jinlong Ma , Lei Zhou
Community structures are widely observed in networks, and their variations lead to different network characteristics. A reasonable community structure can enhance traffic capacity, thereby mitigating network congestion. Therefore, examining the relationship between community structures and network traffic performance holds significant practical importance. The influence of different community structures on network traffic capacity is explored in this paper by adjusting parameters such as the number, strength, and inter-community connection probability of communities. Simulation results show that fewer communities, weaker community strength, and higher intercommunity connectivity can enhance traffic capacity and alleviate congestion.
{"title":"The influence of the network community structure on traffic capacity","authors":"Jinlong Ma , Lei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Community structures are widely observed in networks, and their variations lead to different network characteristics. A reasonable community structure can enhance traffic capacity, thereby mitigating network congestion. Therefore, examining the relationship between community structures and network traffic performance holds significant practical importance. The influence of different community structures on network traffic capacity is explored in this paper by adjusting parameters such as the number, strength, and inter-community connection probability of communities. Simulation results show that fewer communities, weaker community strength, and higher intercommunity connectivity can enhance traffic capacity and alleviate congestion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130188
Cui Jiang , Jia-Rui Li , Lian-Lian Zhang , Wei-Jiang Gong
By considering one topological superconducting nanowire to be coupled to the metallic leads in a parallel way, we investigate the nonlocality of the Majorana bound states (MBSs) characterized by the zero-bias conductance peak. It is shown that -symmetric quasiparticle poisoning can annihilate the Majorana nonlocality by quenching its-induced zero-bias conductance peak. However, when the Majorana nonlocality is destroyed by the nonzero inter-MBS coupling, this quasiparticle poisoning can relieve the zero-bias conductance dip. What is notable is that as the quasiparticle poisoning reaches its exceptional point, the nonlocality of MBSs can be restored, manifested as the appearance of zero-bias conductance peak. We believe that our findings are helpful for understanding the MBS properties with -symmetric quasiparticle poisoning.
{"title":"Modulated nonlocality of Majorana bound states due to the presence of PT-symmetric quasiparticle poisoning","authors":"Cui Jiang , Jia-Rui Li , Lian-Lian Zhang , Wei-Jiang Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2024.130188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By considering one topological superconducting nanowire to be coupled to the metallic leads in a parallel way, we investigate the nonlocality of the Majorana bound states (MBSs) characterized by the zero-bias conductance peak. It is shown that <span><math><mi>PT</mi></math></span>-symmetric quasiparticle poisoning can annihilate the Majorana nonlocality by quenching its-induced zero-bias conductance peak. However, when the Majorana nonlocality is destroyed by the nonzero inter-MBS coupling, this quasiparticle poisoning can relieve the zero-bias conductance dip. What is notable is that as the quasiparticle poisoning reaches its exceptional point, the nonlocality of MBSs can be restored, manifested as the appearance of zero-bias conductance peak. We believe that our findings are helpful for understanding the MBS properties with <span><math><mi>PT</mi></math></span>-symmetric quasiparticle poisoning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"532 ","pages":"Article 130188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130325
Shi-Min Ye, Yan-Ling Wang
The Grover search algorithm provides a quadratic speedup for searching unstructured databases. Despite its significant theoretical advantage, the algorithm can only deterministically find the target item when the proportion of target states is . Grover and Radhakrishnan introduced the quantum partial search algorithm, in which information is encoded using two blocks of qubits. In this paper, we investigate the conditions that enable a deterministic quantum partial search algorithm. We demonstrate that, under two conditions: (i) the target block proportion is , and (ii) the proportion of target states within the block is also (hence the proportion of target states is ), deterministic searching can be achieved with a sequence of operations , requiring only one additional oracle call beyond the optimal number value of classical one. Specifically, for a database of size and target states, we identify partition combinations that can ensure the realization of deterministic quantum partial search. This approach not only generalizes Grover's algorithm but also provides a practical method for efficiently searching large, unstructured databases when the target state density is low.
{"title":"Deterministic quantum partial search for target states with proportion 1/16","authors":"Shi-Min Ye, Yan-Ling Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2025.130325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Grover search algorithm provides a quadratic speedup for searching unstructured databases. Despite its significant theoretical advantage, the algorithm can only deterministically find the target item when the proportion of target states is <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mfrac></math></span>. Grover and Radhakrishnan introduced the quantum partial search algorithm, in which information is encoded using two blocks of qubits. In this paper, we investigate the conditions that enable a deterministic quantum partial search algorithm. We demonstrate that, under two conditions: (i) the target block proportion is <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, and (ii) the proportion of target states within the block is also <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mfrac></math></span> (hence the proportion of target states is <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>16</mn></mrow></mfrac></math></span>), deterministic searching can be achieved with a sequence of operations <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><msubsup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></span>, requiring only one additional oracle call beyond the optimal number value of classical one. Specifically, for a database of size <span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> and <span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> target states, we identify <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn></math></span> partition combinations that can ensure the realization of deterministic quantum partial search. This approach not only generalizes Grover's algorithm but also provides a practical method for efficiently searching large, unstructured databases when the target state density is low.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"537 ","pages":"Article 130325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143208426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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