Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131406
Saad Akram, Asif Israr
The attenuation of extreme acoustic environments in space launch vehicles, payload fairings, and space habitats requires advanced materials capable of maintaining high acoustic attenuation performance across a wide range of frequencies and sound pressure levels. Conventional passive treatments often fail to deliver sufficient performance under such variable conditions. This research presents a unified analytical framework for designing and modeling complex acoustic metamaterials for such applications. The framework captures broadband, amplitude-dependent, and multi-resonant behavior of metamaterials, accounting for nonlinear interactions and mutual coupling effects that become dominant under intense acoustic loads. Validation is carried out through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and ASTM E2611-compliant experimental testing. The results show excellent agreement across linear and non-linear domains and offer a highly efficient computational method for predicting acoustic performance compared to conventional design and analysis techniques of lightweight acoustic metamaterials.
{"title":"Nonlinear analytical modeling of highly coupled hybrid acoustic metamaterials: An effective approach for a broad range of pressure levels and frequencies","authors":"Saad Akram, Asif Israr","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The attenuation of extreme acoustic environments in space launch vehicles, payload fairings, and space habitats requires advanced materials capable of maintaining high acoustic attenuation performance across a wide range of frequencies and sound pressure levels. Conventional passive treatments often fail to deliver sufficient performance under such variable conditions. This research presents a unified analytical framework for designing and modeling complex acoustic metamaterials for such applications. The framework captures broadband, amplitude-dependent, and multi-resonant behavior of metamaterials, accounting for nonlinear interactions and mutual coupling effects that become dominant under intense acoustic loads. Validation is carried out through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and ASTM <span><span>E2611</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>-compliant experimental testing. The results show excellent agreement across linear and non-linear domains and offer a highly efficient computational method for predicting acoustic performance compared to conventional design and analysis techniques of lightweight acoustic metamaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131409
El Mustafa Ouaaka , Mustapha Aazza , Thierry Maris , El Mostafa Khechoubi
We have synthesized the hybrid material 1, 6-diaminhexane tetrachloro manganate (2C6MnCl4) by slow evaporation at room temperature. The compound 2C6MnCl4 was characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray and UV-Visible spectroscopies. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis performed at various temperatures (290, 250, 200, 160, and 150 K) reveals a structural phase transition occurring between 250 and 200 K. The optical measurements show that this hybrid material undergoes an indirect optical transition and presents an energy gap value of about 2.78 eV. The optical reflectance spectrum shows three absorption bands at 361, 422, and 507 nm. The computed band gap electronic was found to be about 2.75 eV which is in good agreement with the experimental value. The electronic total and partial density of states were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) to assess the various orbitals' contributions at the minimum conduction band and maximal valence band.
{"title":"Structural phase transition, electronic and optical properties of the 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite-type 2C6MnCl4","authors":"El Mustafa Ouaaka , Mustapha Aazza , Thierry Maris , El Mostafa Khechoubi","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have synthesized the hybrid material 1, 6-diaminhexane tetrachloro manganate (2C<sub>6</sub>MnCl<sub>4</sub>) by slow evaporation at room temperature. The compound 2C<sub>6</sub>MnCl<sub>4</sub> was characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray and UV-Visible spectroscopies. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis performed at various temperatures (290, 250, 200, 160, and 150 K) reveals a structural phase transition occurring between 250 and 200 K. The optical measurements show that this hybrid material undergoes an indirect optical transition and presents an energy gap value of about 2.78 eV. The optical reflectance spectrum shows three absorption bands at 361, 422, and 507 nm. The computed band gap electronic was found to be about 2.75 eV which is in good agreement with the experimental value. The electronic total and partial density of states were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) to assess the various orbitals' contributions at the minimum conduction band and maximal valence band.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131392
Avinash Khare , Avadh Saxena
A symmetric model has recently attracted attention due to its usefulness in studying tunable phase transitions. We analyze the behavior of this model for the entire range of parameters and obtain its kink and pulse solutions. For completeness, we also present several periodic solutions of this model. Furthermore, we present a generalized symmetric model where and obtain its kink and pulse solutions for arbitrary n.
{"title":"Solitons of the symmetric ϕ4−ϕ2|ϕ|−ϕ2 triple well model","authors":"Avinash Khare , Avadh Saxena","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A symmetric <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>4</mn></msup><mspace></mspace><mo>−</mo><mspace></mspace><msup><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mspace></mspace><mo>−</mo><mspace></mspace><msup><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span> model has recently attracted attention due to its usefulness in studying tunable phase transitions. We analyze the behavior of this model for the entire range of parameters and obtain its kink and pulse solutions. For completeness, we also present several periodic solutions of this model. Furthermore, we present a generalized symmetric <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>ϕ</mi><mrow><mn>4</mn><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup><mspace></mspace><mo>−</mo><mspace></mspace><msup><mi>ϕ</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mspace></mspace><mo>−</mo><mspace></mspace><msup><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math></span> model where <span><math><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo></mrow></math></span> and obtain its kink and pulse solutions for arbitrary <em>n</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131408
Thameur Dammak, Kawthar Abid, Abir Kessentini
This work reports on the photophysical properties of organic inorganic naturally self-assembled material bis (2-aminobenzimidazole) tetraiodocadmate (C7H8N3)2CdI4. The crystal structure consists of isolated CdI4 tetrahedra surrounded by 2-aminobenzimidazole cations. The two organic and inorganic units building this material are optically active, giving rise to optical properties involving the competition and the interaction of two inorganic and organic luminescent molecules. When excited by ultraviolet light irradiation, this hybrid material exhibits a strong greenish emission centered at 500 nm that can be seen even with the naked eye at room temperature, which can be attributed to the organic molecule. A decrease in temperature leads to the appearance of new emission bands at 550, 575 and 600 nm, which shift the chromaticity toward warmer regions of the visible spectrum. This emission at low temperature is supposed to be due to excitonic recombination involving a resonant energy transfer (RET) mechanism in which CdI4 tetrahedra act as a donor and (2-aminobenzimidazole) molecule acts as an acceptor. This assignment is supported by theoretical band structure calculations in terms of density functional theory (DFT). The emergence of additional low-temperature emission bands highlights a fascinating competition between Frenkel-type excitons localized on the organic molecule and Wannier-type excitons associated with the CdI4 tetrahedra, suggesting complex excitonic interactions within the hybrid system.
{"title":"Optical characterization and DFT-based band structure analysis of the zero-dimensional hybrid material (C7H8N3)2CdI4","authors":"Thameur Dammak, Kawthar Abid, Abir Kessentini","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work reports on the photophysical properties of organic inorganic naturally self-assembled material bis (2-aminobenzimidazole) tetraiodocadmate (C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CdI<sub>4</sub>. The crystal structure consists of isolated CdI<sub>4</sub> tetrahedra surrounded by 2-aminobenzimidazole cations. The two organic and inorganic units building this material are optically active, giving rise to optical properties involving the competition and the interaction of two inorganic and organic luminescent molecules. When excited by ultraviolet light irradiation, this hybrid material exhibits a strong greenish emission centered at 500 nm that can be seen even with the naked eye at room temperature, which can be attributed to the organic molecule. A decrease in temperature leads to the appearance of new emission bands at 550, 575 and 600 nm, which shift the chromaticity toward warmer regions of the visible spectrum. This emission at low temperature is supposed to be due to excitonic recombination involving a resonant energy transfer (RET) mechanism in which CdI<sub>4</sub> tetrahedra act as a donor and (2-aminobenzimidazole) molecule acts as an acceptor. This assignment is supported by theoretical band structure calculations in terms of density functional theory (DFT). The emergence of additional low-temperature emission bands highlights a fascinating competition between Frenkel-type excitons localized on the organic molecule and Wannier-type excitons associated with the CdI<sub>4</sub> tetrahedra, suggesting complex excitonic interactions within the hybrid system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131395
Hao Fu, Fang Chen
A hybrid molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and strontium titanate (STO) metamaterial absorber is presented for the terahertz band, enabling dynamic tuning of absorption properties via both electrical and thermal stimuli. The absorber features a multilayer architecture comprising a gold substrate, a SiO2 dielectric spacer, an elliptical cross_shaped MoS2 resonant layer, and an STO thin film. It achieves dual narrowband perfect absorption at 0.25 THz and 1.30 THz, with absorptances of 99.09 % and 99.72 %, respectively. Research findings indicate that the absorptance of the first absorption peak can be independently modulated by adjusting the carrier concentration of MoS2. As the carrier concentration increases from 1 × 1013cm-2 to 1 × 1015cm-2, the absorptance rises from 62.33 % to 99.09 %, yielding a modulation depth of 37.09 %. Independent tuning of the resonance frequencies is achieved by adjusting temperature: heating from 250 K to 500 K induces a blue shift of the absorption spectrum, with temperature sensitivities of 0.43 GHz/K and 2.24 GHz/K for the two peaks, respectively. The absorption spectra obtained through coupled mode theory (CMT) and the equivalent circuit model (ECM) exhibit excellent agreement with the simulation results. Electromagnetic field and current distributions elucidate the independent tuning mechanism of the absorber. Additionally, the absorber demonstrates polarization-insensitive characteristics and wide-angle incidence stability, showing promising application prospects in fields such as biochemical sensing, optical switching, and modulation.
{"title":"Dual-narrowband terahertz absorber with independently tunable amplitude and frequency: A theoretical study","authors":"Hao Fu, Fang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A hybrid molybdenum disulfide (<em>MoS</em><sub>2</sub>) and strontium titanate (STO) metamaterial absorber is presented for the terahertz band, enabling dynamic tuning of absorption properties via both electrical and thermal stimuli. The absorber features a multilayer architecture comprising a gold substrate, a <em>SiO</em><sub>2</sub> dielectric spacer, an elliptical cross_shaped <em>MoS</em><sub>2</sub> resonant layer, and an STO thin film. It achieves dual narrowband perfect absorption at 0.25 THz and 1.30 THz, with absorptances of 99.09 % and 99.72 %, respectively. Research findings indicate that the absorptance of the first absorption peak can be independently modulated by adjusting the carrier concentration of <em>MoS</em><sub>2</sub>. As the carrier concentration increases from 1 × 10<sup>13</sup> <em>cm</em><sup>-2</sup> to 1 × 10<sup>15</sup> <em>cm</em><sup>-2</sup>, the absorptance rises from 62.33 % to 99.09 %, yielding a modulation depth of 37.09 %. Independent tuning of the resonance frequencies is achieved by adjusting temperature: heating from 250 K to 500 K induces a blue shift of the absorption spectrum, with temperature sensitivities of 0.43 GHz/K and 2.24 GHz/K for the two peaks, respectively. The absorption spectra obtained through coupled mode theory (CMT) and the equivalent circuit model (ECM) exhibit excellent agreement with the simulation results. Electromagnetic field and current distributions elucidate the independent tuning mechanism of the absorber. Additionally, the absorber demonstrates polarization-insensitive characteristics and wide-angle incidence stability, showing promising application prospects in fields such as biochemical sensing, optical switching, and modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Highly crystalline copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), showing prominent diffraction peaks at 2θ= 43.4331 (111), 50.5531 (200) and 74.2090º (220) consistent with a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure. Rietveld refinement yielded lattice parameters a=b=c= 3.612 Å; α=β=γ= 90.00 °, lattice volume 47.142 ų and strain 0.137 % with excellent pattern fitting [Rwp, % 9.19; Rp, % 6.47; S, 1.4007; χ², 1.9604]. Optical analysis showed a maximum absorbance at 338.30 nm and a bandgap of 4.33 eV, reflecting a blue shift and strong surface plasmon resonance. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential (72.74 mV) confirmed uniform colloidal dispersion and high stability. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and HR-TEM analyses revealed particle size of 39 to 48 nm, uniform growth and d (111) spacing of 0.208 nm and 0.180 nm for d (200) while selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed highly pure FCC Cu crystal up to 89.20 %. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) revealed remnant mass magnetization of 0.000988991327703507 emu/g, indicating weak magnetic behavior. These structural, morphological and optical features highlight the potential of Cu NPs for applications in antimicrobial coatings, sensing and catalysis while further investigations are required to evaluate their biocompatibility and performance under real-world conditions.
{"title":"Crystallographic exploration of copper nanocrystal by X-ray and selected area electron diffraction pattern: High resolution transmission electron microscopy insight","authors":"Md. Ashraful Alam, Raton Kumar Bishwas, Fariha Zannat, Shirin Akter Jahan","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Highly crystalline copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), showing prominent diffraction peaks at 2θ= 43.4331 (111), 50.5531 (200) and 74.2090º (220) consistent with a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure. Rietveld refinement yielded lattice parameters a=b=c= 3.612 Å; α=β=γ= 90.00 °, lattice volume 47.142 ų and strain 0.137 % with excellent pattern fitting [Rwp, % 9.19; Rp, % 6.47; S, 1.4007; χ², 1.9604]. Optical analysis showed a maximum absorbance at 338.30 nm and a bandgap of 4.33 eV, reflecting a blue shift and strong surface plasmon resonance. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential (72.74 mV) confirmed uniform colloidal dispersion and high stability. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and HR-TEM analyses revealed particle size of 39 to 48 nm, uniform growth and d <sub>(111)</sub> spacing of 0.208 nm and 0.180 nm for d <sub>(200)</sub> while selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed highly pure FCC Cu crystal up to 89.20 %. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) revealed remnant mass magnetization of 0.000988991327703507 emu/g, indicating weak magnetic behavior. These structural, morphological and optical features highlight the potential of Cu NPs for applications in antimicrobial coatings, sensing and catalysis while further investigations are required to evaluate their biocompatibility and performance under real-world conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131389
Shakil Ahmad , Rashid Ahmad , Farhan Amir , Hazrat Ali , Rafi Ud Din , Abbas Ghaffar , Inzimam Ul Haq
Quantum vacuum fluctuations, one of the cornerstone of quantum physics, have many physical effects including the Casimir force, stimulating researchers in various disciplines of the scientific community. This manuscript demonstrates the manipulation of Casimir force between two closely spaced identical parallel plates under the effect of cross-Kerr nonlinearity with electromagnetically induced chirality. We use the Casimir-Lifshitz formula in connection with passivity conditions and obtain the sign of the Casimir force which, for the attractive Casimir force, is positive, whereas for the repulsive Casimir force, it is negative. We notice that by controlling the cross-Kerr field Rabi frequency, Casimir force switches from attractive to repulsive and contrariwise. Our findings reveal a pronounce enhancement in the magnitude of Casimir force via the cross-Kerr field, which may in turn be helpful to enhance the lifetimes of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS).
{"title":"The control of Casimir force enabled by cross-Kerr nonlinearity","authors":"Shakil Ahmad , Rashid Ahmad , Farhan Amir , Hazrat Ali , Rafi Ud Din , Abbas Ghaffar , Inzimam Ul Haq","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantum vacuum fluctuations, one of the cornerstone of quantum physics, have many physical effects including the Casimir force, stimulating researchers in various disciplines of the scientific community. This manuscript demonstrates the manipulation of Casimir force between two closely spaced identical parallel plates under the effect of cross-Kerr nonlinearity with electromagnetically induced chirality. We use the Casimir-Lifshitz formula in connection with passivity conditions and obtain the sign of the Casimir force which, for the attractive Casimir force, is positive, whereas for the repulsive Casimir force, it is negative. We notice that by controlling the cross-Kerr field Rabi frequency, Casimir force switches from attractive to repulsive and contrariwise. Our findings reveal a pronounce enhancement in the magnitude of Casimir force via the cross-Kerr field, which may in turn be helpful to enhance the lifetimes of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131386
Sanjoy Mishra , Shraddha Sharma , Amit Rai , Pitamber Mahanandia
We present a theoretical investigation of dynamical quantum phase transitions (QPTs) in a periodically driven Λ-type three-level system (3LS) embedded in a double-mode cavity, described by a three-level Jaynes-Cumming (3L-JC) Hamiltonian. To begin with, we probe the undriven static Hamiltonian in the dressed-state basis to identify and define distinct coupling regimes and critical points associated with both cavity modes. Furthermore, to investigate the dynamical QPTs in this system, we incorporate a periodic modulation across two atomic states (denoted by |3⟩at and |2⟩at) out of the three available energy levels. By performing necessary transformations and approximations, we reduce the overall Hamiltonian, which contains static and dynamic modulation terms, into an effective 3L-JC Hamiltonian whose system parameters are dependent on the driving parameters. The validity of our approximations is verified using the Loschmidt echo of time-evolved states corresponding to Hamiltonians before and after the approximations. Finally, we demonstrate that by tuning the modulation parameters, it is possible to explore bimodal superradiant phases in a three-level Λ-type system while remaining within the critical coupling limits of the static Hamiltonian. Our results provide an insight into the manipulation of quantum phases in a three-level system within an effective extended Jaynes-Cummings regime.
{"title":"Bimodal phase transition in a periodically modulated Λ-type three-level system","authors":"Sanjoy Mishra , Shraddha Sharma , Amit Rai , Pitamber Mahanandia","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a theoretical investigation of dynamical quantum phase transitions (QPTs) in a periodically driven Λ-type three-level system (3LS) embedded in a double-mode cavity, described by a three-level Jaynes-Cumming (3L-JC) Hamiltonian. To begin with, we probe the undriven static Hamiltonian in the dressed-state basis to identify and define distinct coupling regimes and critical points associated with both cavity modes. Furthermore, to investigate the dynamical QPTs in this system, we incorporate a periodic modulation across two atomic states (denoted by |3⟩<sub><em>at</em></sub> and |2⟩<sub><em>at</em></sub>) out of the three available energy levels. By performing necessary transformations and approximations, we reduce the overall Hamiltonian, which contains static and dynamic modulation terms, into an effective 3L-JC Hamiltonian whose system parameters are dependent on the driving parameters. The validity of our approximations is verified using the Loschmidt echo of time-evolved states corresponding to Hamiltonians before and after the approximations. Finally, we demonstrate that by tuning the modulation parameters, it is possible to explore bimodal superradiant phases in a three-level Λ-type system while remaining within the critical coupling limits of the static Hamiltonian. Our results provide an insight into the manipulation of quantum phases in a three-level system within an effective extended Jaynes-Cummings regime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 131386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131377
Zhen Liu , Xiaohui Song , Zinan Ma , Rui He , Suicai Zhang , Leiming Yu , Yurong Jiang , Congxin Xia
Van der Waals vertical heterostructures provide an ideal platform for polarization-sensitive photodetection via tailorable interlayer transitions and anisotropic light-matter interactions. However, conventional metal top electrodes fundamentally constrain device performance by inducing optical shadowing that attenuates polarization-dependent photon flux and introducing interfacial Fermi-level pinning that mask intrinsic material anisotropy. In this study, we propose a graphene-engineered ReS2/WSe2 vertical photodiode that employs graphene as an optically transparent electrode. Utilizing ReS2’s in-plane crystalline anisotropy and type-II band alignment with WSe2, the device exhibits barrier-free electrical transport with rectification ratios exceeding 105 at ±1 V bias while achieving self-powered broadband response with on/off ratios of 106 under 405 nm illumination and 103 at 1064 nm. It simultaneously delivers a responsivity of 0.72 A W-1 combined with specific detectivity reaching 2.8 × 1010 cm Hz1/2 mW-1, accompanied by rapid response times with a 138 μs rise and a 128 μs fall. Notably, it achieves polarization-discriminative operation with a photocurrent anisotropy ratio of 1.82 under 405 nm polarized illumination. This design realizes a high-performance self-driven photodetector that integrates broadband response, polarization sensitivity, and filter-free operation within a single vertical architecture, paving a technological pathway toward compact, high-efficiency multifunctional optoelectronics.
范德华垂直异质结构通过可定制的层间跃迁和各向异性光-物质相互作用为偏振敏感光探测提供了理想的平台。然而，传统的金属顶部电极从根本上限制了器件的性能，因为它会产生光学阴影，从而衰减偏振相关的光子通量，并引入界面费米能级钉住，从而掩盖材料的本征各向异性。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种采用石墨烯作为光学透明电极的石墨烯工程ReS2/WSe2垂直光电二极管。利用ReS2的面内晶体各向异性和与WSe2的ii型波段取向，该器件在±1 V偏置下具有无障碍电输运，整流比超过105，同时在405 nm照明下实现自供电宽带响应，开关比为106，在1064 nm照明下为103。同时提供了0.72 a W-1的响应率，比探测率达到2.8 × 1010 cm Hz1/2 mW-1，并伴随着138 μs上升和128 μs下降的快速响应时间。值得注意的是，在405 nm偏振光照射下，光电流各向异性比为1.82，实现了偏振判别操作。本设计实现了一种高性能的自驱动光电探测器，它将宽带响应、极化灵敏度和无滤波器操作集成在一个单一的垂直结构中，为紧凑、高效的多功能光电子技术铺平了技术道路。
{"title":"Graphene-engineered WSe2/ReS2 vertical photodiode for self-powered polarization-sensitive broadband photodetection","authors":"Zhen Liu , Xiaohui Song , Zinan Ma , Rui He , Suicai Zhang , Leiming Yu , Yurong Jiang , Congxin Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Van der Waals vertical heterostructures provide an ideal platform for polarization-sensitive photodetection via tailorable interlayer transitions and anisotropic light-matter interactions. However, conventional metal top electrodes fundamentally constrain device performance by inducing optical shadowing that attenuates polarization-dependent photon flux and introducing interfacial Fermi-level pinning that mask intrinsic material anisotropy. In this study, we propose a graphene-engineered ReS<sub>2</sub>/WSe<sub>2</sub> vertical photodiode that employs graphene as an optically transparent electrode. Utilizing ReS<sub>2</sub>’s in-plane crystalline anisotropy and type-II band alignment with WSe<sub>2</sub>, the device exhibits barrier-free electrical transport with rectification ratios exceeding 10<sup>5</sup> at ±1 V bias while achieving self-powered broadband response with on/off ratios of 10<sup>6</sup> under 405 nm illumination and 10<sup>3</sup> at 1064 nm. It simultaneously delivers a responsivity of 0.72 A W<sup>-1</sup> combined with specific detectivity reaching 2.8 × 10<sup>10</sup> cm Hz<sup>1/2</sup> mW<sup>-1</sup>, accompanied by rapid response times with a 138 μs rise and a 128 μs fall. Notably, it achieves polarization-discriminative operation with a photocurrent anisotropy ratio of 1.82 under 405 nm polarized illumination. This design realizes a high-performance self-driven photodetector that integrates broadband response, polarization sensitivity, and filter-free operation within a single vertical architecture, paving a technological pathway toward compact, high-efficiency multifunctional optoelectronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131387
Julio C. Aguiar , Héctor O. Di Rocco
A spherically averaged, Hartree-Fock–augmented APW–like method is proposed for metals. Each valence orbital is described by a Hartree-Fock radial solution inside the Wigner-Seitz (WS) sphere and is matched in value and slope at the WS boundary to a free–electron exterior with mild exponential damping. A constant interstitial exchange–like shift sets the effective exterior wave number keff, which is estimated from LDA exchange at the density parameter rs; an optional scalar–relativistic mapping is included. The resulting orbitals are bound–like near the ion and extended outside the WS sphere, bridging atomic and metallic behavior with a minimal, transparent set of parameters. Electron momentum densities are computed and aggregated into Compton profiles for direct comparison with experiment, yielding close agreement with high–resolution measurements. While APW–like in spirit, the approach does not enforce Bloch periodicity or full self–consistency; instead, it provides a lightweight, reproducible, physically motivated parameterization.
{"title":"Spherically averaged Hartree-Fock orbitals in an APW-like framework: Comparison with Compton profile experiments","authors":"Julio C. Aguiar , Héctor O. Di Rocco","doi":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A spherically averaged, Hartree-Fock–augmented APW–like method is proposed for metals. Each valence orbital is described by a Hartree-Fock radial solution inside the Wigner-Seitz (WS) sphere and is matched in value and slope at the WS boundary to a free–electron exterior with mild exponential damping. A constant interstitial exchange–like shift sets the effective exterior wave number <em>k</em><sub>eff</sub>, which is estimated from LDA exchange at the density parameter <em>r<sub>s</sub></em>; an optional scalar–relativistic mapping is included. The resulting orbitals are bound–like near the ion and extended outside the WS sphere, bridging atomic and metallic behavior with a minimal, transparent set of parameters. Electron momentum densities are computed and aggregated into Compton profiles for direct comparison with experiment, yielding close agreement with high–resolution measurements. While APW–like in spirit, the approach does not enforce Bloch periodicity or full self–consistency; instead, it provides a lightweight, reproducible, physically motivated parameterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20172,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters A","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 131387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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