Physics Letters A最新文献

英文中文

Electric field effect on the electronic properties of pyramidal core/shell/shell quantum dots under a Konwent-like potential 类konwent电位下电场对金字塔形核/壳/壳量子点电子特性的影响

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131362

O. Ben Hammou , A. Fakkahi , J. El-Hamouchi , A. Ed-Dahmouny , H. Azmi , M. Jaafar , S. El Otmani , R. Touti , F. Demami , A. Sali

This work presents a detailed investigation of the binding energy of a donor impurity located at the center of pyramidal core/shell/shell quantum dots under a Konwent-like confinement potential. Using the effective mass approximation and the finite element method, the study analyzes the effects of confinement parameters, structural dimensions, and an external electric field, as well as polaronic mass enhancement and conduction band non-parabolicity. The results reveal that the impurity binding energy is strongly influenced by both the geometric dimensions and the characteristics of the confinement potential. Moreover, the presence of an external electric field induces a significant modification of the donor energy levels, reflecting the field-induced spatial redistribution of the electron wavefunction. Additionally, the inclusion of polaronic effects and band non-parabolicity leads to a notable enhancement of the binding energy, particularly under strong confinement, emphasizing their crucial role in accurately describing the electronic properties of such nanostructures.

本文详细研究了锥体核/壳/壳量子点中心的供体杂质在类konwnt约束势下的结合能。采用有效质量近似法和有限元法，分析了约束参数、结构尺寸、外加电场以及极化质量增强和导带非抛物线性的影响。结果表明，杂质结合能受几何尺寸和约束势特性的强烈影响。此外，外电场的存在诱导了供体能级的显著改变，反映了场诱导的电子波函数的空间再分布。此外，极化效应和能带非抛物线性的加入导致结合能的显著增强，特别是在强约束下，强调了它们在准确描述此类纳米结构的电子特性方面的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence-assisted modeling of geometrical effects on the optoelectronic properties of concentric and non-concentric CdSe/CdS core-shell quantum dots 同心和非同心CdSe/CdS核壳量子点光电特性几何影响的人工智能辅助建模

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131354

Safa Maamria , Ibrahim Khalil Chiba , Adel Bouazra , Moncef Said

In this work, we study theoretically the electronic and optical properties of CdSe/CdS core-shell quantum dots by comparing concentric and non-concentric configurations. We propose a mathematical approach combining finite difference method, coordinate transformation and artificial intelligence to model complex shape of nanostructures like offset core-shell geometries. Using the Random Forest algorithm, we identify the dominant factors controlling core non-concentricity effects on optoelectronic properties. We analyze oscillator strength, linear, nonlinear, and total absorption coefficients, as well as linear, nonlinear, and total refractive index changes for varied quantum dot sizes and incident optical intensities. The results indicate a dependence of the electronic and optical characteristics on the nanostructure scale and particularly on the non-concentricity of the core.

本文从理论上研究了CdSe/CdS核壳量子点的电子学和光学性质，比较了它们的同心和非同心构型。我们提出了一种结合有限差分法、坐标变换和人工智能的数学方法来模拟偏移核壳几何等复杂形状的纳米结构。利用随机森林算法，我们确定了控制磁芯非同心性对光电性能影响的主导因素。我们分析了不同量子点尺寸和入射光强下振荡器强度、线性、非线性和总吸收系数，以及线性、非线性和总折射率的变化。结果表明，电子和光学特性与纳米结构尺度有关，特别是与核心的非同心度有关。

引用次数: 0

A generalization of the beam problem: Connection to multi-component Camassa-Holm dynamics 束问题的推广：与多分量Camassa-Holm动力学的联系

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131351

Richard Beals , Jacek Szmigielski

We extend the Euler-Bernoulli beam problem, formulated as a matrix string equation with a matrix-valued density, to a setting where the density takes values in a Clifford algebra, and we analyze its isospectral deformations. For discrete densities, we prove that the associated matrix Weyl function admits a Stieltjes-type continued fraction expansion with Clifford-valued coefficients. By mapping the problem from the finite interval to the real line, we uncover a direct link to a multi-component generalization of the Camassa-Holm equation. This yields a vectorized form of the Camassa-Holm equation invariant under arbitrary orthogonal group actions. As an illustration, we examine the dynamics of a two-atom (two-peakon) matrix measure in the special case of a Clifford algebra with two generators and Minkowski signature. Our analysis shows that, even when peakon waves remain spatially separated, they can engage in long-range, synchronized energy exchange.

我们将欧拉-伯努利梁问题，表述为具有矩阵值密度的矩阵弦方程，扩展到密度在Clifford代数中取值的设置，并分析其等谱变形。对于离散密度，我们证明了关联矩阵Weyl函数允许具有clifford值系数的stieltje型连分数展开式。通过将问题从有限区间映射到实线，我们揭示了Camassa-Holm方程的多分量推广的直接联系。这就得到了任意正交群作用下Camassa-Holm方程不变量的矢量化形式。作为一个例子，我们研究了具有两个生成器和Minkowski签名的Clifford代数的特殊情况下的两原子（双峰）矩阵测度的动力学。我们的分析表明，即使在峰值波保持空间分离的情况下，它们也可以进行远距离、同步的能量交换。

引用次数: 0

Optimizing ZnFe2O4/NiO nanoheterostructures for exchange bias ZnFe2O4/NiO纳米异质结构的交换偏压优化

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131353

Nitesh Singh , Moisés Gilberto Zarzoza Medina , Banasree Sadhukhan , Anil Annadi , Panagiotis Grammatikopoulos , Hsiung Chou , Murtaza Bohra

Assembling materials with distinct magnetic characteristics in antiferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic (AFM/FiM) heterostructures enables emergent magnetic functionalities. In this study, we elucidate the individual roles of the AFM and FiM layers in exchange-coupled NiO/ZnFe₂O₄ bilayers by varying the NiO thickness (150–750 nm) and reversing the stacking order. For NiO/ZnFe₂O₄ bilayers with a fixed ZnFe₂O₄ thickness, structural analysis shows mixed (111) and (100) textured growth of NiO accompanied by significant interfacial intermixing. In contrast, inverted ZnFe₂O₄/NiO bilayers exhibit a sharper interface and predominantly (100) textured NiO growth. These structural distinctions strongly influence the magnetic response: NiO/ZnFe₂O₄ bilayers display a larger exchange bias (H_EB ≈ 1.2 kOe at 5 K) that increases exponentially with NiO thickness, whereas weaker biasing is observed in the inverted configuration. Coarse-grained micromagnetic simulations reproduce the hysteresis-loop shift and reveal interfacial exchange frustration. Overall, these results provide insights relevant to the design of oxide-based spintronic devices.

在反铁磁/铁磁（AFM/FiM）异质结构中组装具有不同磁性特征的材料可以实现紧急磁功能。在本研究中，我们通过改变NiO厚度（150-750 nm）和反转堆叠顺序来阐明AFM层和薄膜层在交换耦合NiO/ZnFe2O4双层层中的各自作用。对于具有固定ZnFe2O4厚度的NiO/ZnFe2O4双层层，结构分析显示NiO的混合（111）和（100）织构生长伴随着明显的界面混掺。相反，倒置的ZnFe2O4/NiO双层层具有更清晰的界面和主要的（100）织构NiO生长。这些结构差异强烈影响磁响应：NiO/ZnFe2O4双层层显示出更大的交换偏置（HEB≈1.2 kOe在5 K），随NiO厚度呈指数增长，而在反向配置中观察到较弱的偏置。粗粒度的微磁模拟再现了磁滞回线位移并揭示了界面交换挫折。总的来说，这些结果为设计基于氧化物的自旋电子器件提供了相关的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Bloch oscillations of helicoidal spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in deep optical lattices 深光学晶格中螺旋自旋-轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的布洛赫振荡

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131342

Sumaita Sultana, Golam Ali Sekh

We consider helicoidal spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in deep optical lattice and study the dynamics of Bloch oscillation. We show that the variation of helicoidal gauge potential with spin-orbit coupling is different in zero-momentum and plane-wave phases. The characteristics of Bloch oscillatio n are different in the two phases. In the zero-momentum phase, the Bloch oscillation is harmonic while it is anharmonic in the plane-wave phase. The amplitude of Bloch oscillation is found to be affected by the helicoidal gauge potential and spin-orbit coupling. We examine that the decay of Bloch oscillation caused by mean-field interaction can be managed by helicoidal spin-orbit coupling.

考虑深光学晶格中螺旋自旋-轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体，研究了布洛赫振荡动力学。在零动量相和平面波相中，螺旋形规范势随自旋轨道耦合的变化是不同的。两个相位的布洛赫振荡特性是不同的。在零动量相位，布洛赫振荡是谐波的，而在平面波相位，布洛赫振荡是非谐波的。布洛赫振荡的幅值受螺旋规势和自旋轨道耦合的影响。我们研究了由平均场相互作用引起的布洛赫振荡衰减可以通过螺旋自旋轨道耦合来控制。

引用次数: 0

Broadband and efficient polarization splitter-rotator based on adiabatic mode evolution on the lithium niobate-on-insulator platform 基于绝缘体上铌酸锂绝热模式演化的宽带高效极化分离器-旋转器

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131352

Haosheng Xiao , Feng Ye , H.Y. Fu , Qian Li

Polarization splitter-rotators (PSRs) are key components for polarization management in high-speed modulators and polarization-division multiplexing systems on the lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform. In this work, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is introduced to overcome the large-footprint limitation of mode-evolution-based PSRs, demonstrating broadband and efficient PSRs on the LNOI platform. By combining the PSO algorithm, multi-segment design and width topology optimization are respectively implemented to enhance polarization mode conversion efficiency and broaden the bandwidth. Both optimized devices exhibit excellent performance, with insertion loss <0.27 dB, polarization extinction ratio >20 dB, and bandwidth >300 nm. The devices have a length of 300 μm and require only one single-step etching in fabrication. Further analysis confirms the devices exhibit definite fabrication tolerance for width, height, and sidewall angles. The demonstrated methodologies hold potential for extension to other mode-evolution-based integrated photonic devices, enabling the simultaneous achievement of broad bandwidth and compact footprint.

极化分离器旋转器（PSRs）是高速调制器和绝缘体上铌酸锂（LNOI）平台上的极化多路复用系统中偏振管理的关键部件。本文引入粒子群优化（PSO）算法，克服了基于模式进化的psr占用空间大的限制，在LNOI平台上展示了宽带和高效的psr。结合粒子群算法，分别实现多段设计和宽度拓扑优化，提高极化模式转换效率，拓宽带宽。优化后的器件性能优异，插入损耗为0.27 dB，极化消光比为20db，带宽为300nm。该器件的长度为300 μm，在制造过程中只需要一步蚀刻。进一步的分析证实，该器件在宽度、高度和侧壁角方面具有明确的制造公差。所展示的方法具有扩展到其他基于模式进化的集成光子器件的潜力，能够同时实现宽带宽和紧凑的足迹。

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引用次数: 0

Pascal’s triangle and quantum entanglement 帕斯卡三角形和量子纠缠

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131350

Asma Al-Qasimi

In an experiment involving multiple independent trials of a simple two-outcome random process, such as tossing a coin, it is well-known that the cumulative result is described by the binomial probability distribution. In a quantum mechanical version, in which the coins are replaced by identical independent qubits, the same distribution will describe the cumulative outcomes, and it is intuitive that quantum entanglement is not present, otherwise the outcomes of measurements on different qubits will be correlated, and the trials will no longer be independent. Here, we examine whether such assumptions are valid, and find that maximally entangled qubit states, symmetric under interchange of any pair of qubits (specifically, they are eigenvectors of the SWAP operator with eigenvalue

+ 1

), can also give a binomially distributed outcome.

在涉及简单的双结果随机过程的多个独立试验的实验中，例如抛硬币，众所周知，累积结果由二项概率分布描述。在量子力学的版本中，硬币被相同的独立量子比特取代，相同的分布将描述累积的结果，并且直观地认为量子纠缠不存在，否则不同量子比特的测量结果将相互关联，并且试验将不再是独立的。在这里，我们检验了这些假设是否有效，并发现最大纠缠量子比特状态，在任何量子比特对交换下对称（具体来说，它们是特征值为+1的SWAP算子的特征向量），也可以给出二项分布的结果。

引用次数: 0

Canonical pairs in finite-dimensional Hilbert space 有限维希尔伯特空间中的正则对

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131344

Ralph Adrian E. Farrales, Eric A. Galapon

A pair of Hermitian operators

(A, B)

is canonical if they satisfy the commutator relation

[A, B] = i ℏ I

, where

I

is the identity operator. However, the relation holds only in a proper subspace of the Hilbert space, referred to as the canonical domain. In infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, it was previously shown that canonical pairs exist in a canonical domain that is not necessarily dense. In finite-dimensional Hilbert space, we show in this work that canonical pairs exist in a closed proper subspace of the Hilbert space. We study the many possible canonical pairs and look into the uncertainty relation they satisfy. We apply our results by constructing time operators in finite-dimensional quantum mechanics. We show that the canonical domain determines the states in which measurement of these time operators yield parametric time.

一对厄米算子（A，B）是正则的，如果它们满足对易子关系[A，B]=i * i，其中i是单位算子。然而，这种关系只在希尔伯特空间的一个子空间中成立，这个子空间被称为正则域。在无限维希尔伯特空间中，先前已经证明正则对存在于不一定稠密的正则域中。在有限维Hilbert空间中，我们证明了正则对存在于Hilbert空间的闭固有子空间中。我们研究了许多可能的正则对，并探讨了它们所满足的不确定关系。我们通过在有限维量子力学中构造时间算子来应用我们的结果。我们证明了正则域决定了这些时间算子的测量产生参数时间的状态。

引用次数: 0

Coherence freezing and tunable decoherence-free/uniformly-decaying subspaces in collectively decaying qutrits 集体衰变量子中的相干冻结和可调无退相干/均匀衰减子空间

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131348

R. Sufiani, Sajjad Saei

Quantum coherence in collectively decaying V-type qutrit ensembles exhibits long-lived plateaus at zero temperature due to symmetry-protected dark sectors. Using the analytically solved reduced dynamics of the symmetric single-excitation block as a fixed baseline, we develop a coherence-centric framework that evaluates the ℓ₁ norm and relative-entropy coherence in closed form on the single-site marginal, surveys parameter dependence, and compares representative initial states. We then extend the baseline to finite temperature and non-Markovian environments using exponential-memory kernels via a pseudomode (Markovian) embedding and time-local TCL forms. In balanced-decay regimes these models display coherence revivals and late-time plateaus that exceed the Markovian zero-temperature value; BLP backflow and RHP CP-indivisibility diagnostics corroborate information return. Next, we introduce tunable protection by steering between bright and dark modes with weak, permutation-invariant controls, enabling rapid population transfer into a decoherence-free subspace (DFS). We further formalize uniformly decaying subspaces (UDS), propose a simple rate-balance indicator that predicts plateau robustness, and show how both DFS and UDS extend naturally to multibranch qudits (d > 3), where the protected sector grows and strengthens plateaus. Throughout, the coherence functionals remain unchanged while only the time laws of reduced coefficients are upgraded, yielding a compact, reproducible methodology for analyzing and designing noise-resilient multilevel platforms.

由于对称保护的暗扇区，集体衰减v型量子系综的量子相干性在零温度下表现出长时间的稳定。利用对称单激励块的解析解简化动力学作为固定基线，我们开发了一个以相干为中心的框架，该框架在单点边缘上以封闭形式评估l1范数和相对熵相干性，调查参数依赖性，并比较具有代表性的初始状态。然后，我们通过伪模（马尔可夫）嵌入和时间局部TCL形式使用指数内存内核将基线扩展到有限温度和非马尔可夫环境。在平衡衰变机制下，这些模型显示出相干恢复和超过马尔可夫零温值的晚时间平台；BLP回流和RHP cp -不可分性诊断证实了信息返回。接下来，我们引入了可调保护，通过在具有弱排列不变控制的明亮和黑暗模式之间切换，实现快速种群转移到无退相干子空间（DFS）。我们进一步形式化了均匀衰减子空间（UDS），提出了一个简单的速率平衡指标来预测平台鲁棒性，并展示了DFS和UDS如何自然地扩展到多分支qudits (d >； 3)，其中受保护部门增长并加强平台。在整个过程中，相干函数保持不变，仅升级了简化系数的时间律，从而产生了一种紧凑、可重复的方法，用于分析和设计抗噪声多级平台。

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引用次数: 0

Polarization and mode control in helical LG-beam-driven electron acceleration 螺旋束流驱动电子加速的极化和模式控制

IF 2.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics Letters A

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131318

Harjit Singh Ghotra

Theoretical investigation of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons using a helical Laguerre-Gaussian (h-LG) beam is presented. The helical beam of a LG(p, m) beam has zero radial (p) and positively non-zero azimuthal (m) mode indices, which distinguishes it from a fundamental Gaussian beam with (

p = 0, m = 0

). The electron laser interaction is found to be sensitive with the distinct (m) index for both linear and circular polarizations of the h-LG beam. It is possible to derive electron dynamics with a combination of electric and magnetic fields, electron phase velocity, electron trajectory, acceleration curve, and overall energy gain by the electron by varying the (m) index of the h-LG beam. The optimum values of beam waist at full width half maximum (FWHM), which contributes to the most energetic electrons in the GeV energy range, are provided for increasing laser power

P_{0} = {0.5, 1, 5}

PW of h-LG beam. The findings shed new light on vacuum and plasma applications focused on multi-PW h-LG laser beams.

对螺旋拉盖尔-高斯光束对电子的直接激光加速（DLA）进行了理论研究。LG（p, m）光束的螺旋光束具有零径向(p)和正非零方位角(m)模式指数，这使其与（p=0,m=0）的基本高斯光束区别开来。发现电子激光相互作用对h-LG光束的线偏振和圆偏振都具有明显的(m)指数。通过改变h-LG束的(m)指数，可以推导出电场和磁场组合、电子相速度、电子轨迹、加速度曲线和电子的总能量增益的电子动力学。为提高h-LG光束的激光功率P0={0.5,1,5} PW，给出了全宽半最大值处束腰（FWHM）的最佳值，该值对GeV能量范围内能量最大的电子有贡献。这一发现为多pw h-LG激光束的真空和等离子体应用提供了新的思路。

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