{"title":"Peculiarites of formaton of the quality indicators of corn grains by different cultvaton technologies in the right-bank forest-steppe","authors":"V. Petrychenko, O. Tomashuk","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.02.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.02.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90983711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristic of morphological features of vegetative parts of trees endangered apple varieties of the Transcarpathian region","authors":"V. Margitay, L. G. Margitay","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.02.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.02.081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81844528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microbiological evaluation of the chernozem regraded by different fertilizer systems","authors":"O. Tonkha, A. Balaev, O. Pikovska","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.02.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.02.054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87654338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of seed inoculation and fertilizing on common beans productivity","authors":"N. Doctor, N. Novytska, V. Brovkin","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.02.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.02.022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76042272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of scientific research on the influence of sowing terms and the density of sunflower standing on the water regime of the soil in the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine. The research was carried out at the Kirovohrad DHSGDS NAAS of Ukraine, which is located in the chernozem zone of the Right Bank Steppe of Ukraine. Climatic conditions are typical for a given region. Research has established that the amount of available moisture in the soil layer 0-10 cm in the third term of sowing was lower than in the first and second, there was a gradual decrease in the number of available moistures in topsoil. The reserves of available moisture in the meter layer of soil before sowing, in the phase of flowering and before harvesting differed from year to year and depended on the time of sowing and the density of plants standing. Of importance for sunflower plants is the content of available moisture in the 0-100 cm layer of soil after the flowerbud stage. During this period sunflower intensively consumes available moisture from deeper layers of soil. After flowering, growth processes in sunflower plants are suspended, and the use of moisture from the soil is slowed down. At this time enhanced the formation and maturation of seeds and the accumulation of oil in achenes. Plants do not require such amount of moisture, as in the initial periods of growth and development. It has been established that the level of sunflower productivity is largely determined by the conditions of the water regime of the soil. The water regime is formed by weather conditions, the amount of moisture reserves in the soil, the amount and intensity of precipitation per year, incl. and for the vegetative period. To a large extent, the water regime of the soil depends on the morphological characteristics of the hybrids, the density of plant standing, the timing of sowing, and the technology of cultivation. Under these conditions, the density of plants at 60 thousand / ha contributed to the economic consumption of moisture to form a unit of yield per hectare. The highest yield was provided by the hybrid LG 55.82 for the first sowing term – 3.85 t / ha. Given the annual variation of weather conditions, spring, sowing should be made with regard to water and thermal regimes. High moisture reserves in the soil during vegetation are a prerequisite for high yields of sunflower seeds.
{"title":"Influence of the sowing time and the density of the sunflower’s standing on the water regime of soil in the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"G. V. Pinkovsky","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.01.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.01.034","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of scientific research on the influence of sowing terms and the density of sunflower standing on the water regime of the soil in the Right-bank Steppe of Ukraine. The research was carried out at the Kirovohrad DHSGDS NAAS of Ukraine, which is located in the chernozem zone of the Right Bank Steppe of Ukraine. Climatic conditions are typical for a given region. Research has established that the amount of available moisture in the soil layer 0-10 cm in the third term of sowing was lower than in the first and second, there was a gradual decrease in the number of available moistures in topsoil. The reserves of available moisture in the meter layer of soil before sowing, in the phase of flowering and before harvesting differed from year to year and depended on the time of sowing and the density of plants standing. Of importance for sunflower plants is the content of available moisture in the 0-100 cm layer of soil after the flowerbud stage. During this period sunflower intensively consumes available moisture from deeper layers of soil. After flowering, growth processes in sunflower plants are suspended, and the use of moisture from the soil is slowed down. At this time enhanced the formation and maturation of seeds and the accumulation of oil in achenes. Plants do not require such amount of moisture, as in the initial periods of growth and development. It has been established that the level of sunflower productivity is largely determined by the conditions of the water regime of the soil. The water regime is formed by weather conditions, the amount of moisture reserves in the soil, the amount and intensity of precipitation per year, incl. and for the vegetative period. To a large extent, the water regime of the soil depends on the morphological characteristics of the hybrids, the density of plant standing, the timing of sowing, and the technology of cultivation. Under these conditions, the density of plants at 60 thousand / ha contributed to the economic consumption of moisture to form a unit of yield per hectare. The highest yield was provided by the hybrid LG 55.82 for the first sowing term – 3.85 t / ha. Given the annual variation of weather conditions, spring, sowing should be made with regard to water and thermal regimes. High moisture reserves in the soil during vegetation are a prerequisite for high yields of sunflower seeds.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73884706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main indicator of the thermal regime of the soil is its temperature. Different agrotechnical measures (deflection, dipping, irrigation, etc.) to a certain extent influence the temperature of the soil and the thermal regime in general, substantially changing the parameters of its physical properties: humidity, density, spariness. The main objective of the research is a comprehensive assessment of the effect of " no-till " crop cultivation technologies on the change of temperature parameters and the thermal regime of chornozem ordinary in the context of understanding (no tillage) of American scientists who have every reason to be considered authors and founders of these agrotechnologies. Replacing traditional technology with "zero" in the agricultural production of the Steppe causes a decrease in the temperature of the arable layer of soil, especially in daylight hours. The most significant difference in temperature is observed in the upper (0-10 cm) layer, which is determined, first of all, by the conditions of accumulation and heat propagation in the soil. The noted emphasizes the relevance of studying "zero" technologies, changes in the timing of sowing, selection of optimal feeding areas, varieties, etc. That is, all agronomic demands for optimal growth and development of cultivated plants should be reviewed.
{"title":"Thermal regime of the chornozem ordinary under different technological loads","authors":"S. Bulygin, S. Vitvitskyy, M. I. Baydiuk","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.01.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.01.050","url":null,"abstract":"The main indicator of the thermal regime of the soil is its temperature. Different agrotechnical measures (deflection, dipping, irrigation, etc.) to a certain extent influence the temperature of the soil and the thermal regime in general, substantially changing the parameters of its physical properties: humidity, density, spariness. The main objective of the research is a comprehensive assessment of the effect of \" no-till \" crop cultivation technologies on the change of temperature parameters and the thermal regime of chornozem ordinary in the context of understanding (no tillage) of American scientists who have every reason to be considered authors and founders of these agrotechnologies. Replacing traditional technology with \"zero\" in the agricultural production of the Steppe causes a decrease in the temperature of the arable layer of soil, especially in daylight hours. The most significant difference in temperature is observed in the upper (0-10 cm) layer, which is determined, first of all, by the conditions of accumulation and heat propagation in the soil. The noted emphasizes the relevance of studying \"zero\" technologies, changes in the timing of sowing, selection of optimal feeding areas, varieties, etc. That is, all agronomic demands for optimal growth and development of cultivated plants should be reviewed.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75831070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Ukrainian economic conditions there is a competition between producers of the crops products and it caused their competitiveness in national and international markets. This causes increasing of the farm efficiency. One of the ways for increasing of the farm efficiency is minimization of the soil tillage and rational use of fertilizers. So, the rational fertilizers application for different soil tillage was researched. There were ploughing and mini-till and no-till and split formation. The effect of the ammonium nitrate application and UAN solution on background of the phosphate-potassium fertilizers were researched for these types of soil tillage. These factors were researched for next crops: corn, soybean and spring wheat. For corn the rate of mineral fertilizers was N 140 P 100 K 100 , for soybean it was N 60 P 60 K 60 , for spring wheat it was N 100 P 80 K 80 . Results indicate that the optimal soil tillage for all crops was split formation. And better nitrogen fertilizers were urea-ammonium nitrate solution for two crops (soybean, spring wheat) because in these variants was maximal profitability in these crop production system. It was 95.0 % for soybean and 58.1 % for spring wheat. For corn the best fertilizers were ammonium nitrate where was maximal profitability (54.7 %).
在乌克兰的经济条件下，农作物生产者之间存在竞争，这导致了他们在国内和国际市场上的竞争。这导致了农场效率的提高。减少土壤耕作和合理施用肥料是提高农业生产效率的途径之一。为此，对不同土壤耕作方式的合理施肥进行了研究。有犁耕、小耕、免耕和分开耕作。研究了施用硝酸铵和UAN溶液对不同类型土壤磷钾肥本底的影响。研究了玉米、大豆和春小麦的影响因素。玉米矿质肥用量为N 140 P 100 K 100，大豆为N 60 P 60 K 60，春小麦为N 100 P 80 K 80。结果表明，所有作物的最佳土壤耕作方式均为分开耕作。对大豆、春小麦两种作物施用尿素-硝酸铵氮肥效果较好，因为在这两种作物生产系统中，尿素-硝酸铵氮肥具有最大的效益。大豆为95.0%，春小麦为58.1%。对于玉米，施用硝酸铵效果最好，效益最高(54.7%)。
{"title":"The economic efficiency of the fertilizers application under agricultural crops for different soil tillage","authors":"A. Bykin, N. Bykina, N. Bordyuzha, A. Ivanytska","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.02.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.02.062","url":null,"abstract":"In the Ukrainian economic conditions there is a competition between producers of the crops products and it caused their competitiveness in national and international markets. This causes increasing of the farm efficiency. One of the ways for increasing of the farm efficiency is minimization of the soil tillage and rational use of fertilizers. So, the rational fertilizers application for different soil tillage was researched. There were ploughing and mini-till and no-till and split formation. The effect of the ammonium nitrate application and UAN solution on background of the phosphate-potassium fertilizers were researched for these types of soil tillage. These factors were researched for next crops: corn, soybean and spring wheat. For corn the rate of mineral fertilizers was N 140 P 100 K 100 , for soybean it was N 60 P 60 K 60 , for spring wheat it was N 100 P 80 K 80 . Results indicate that the optimal soil tillage for all crops was split formation. And better nitrogen fertilizers were urea-ammonium nitrate solution for two crops (soybean, spring wheat) because in these variants was maximal profitability in these crop production system. It was 95.0 % for soybean and 58.1 % for spring wheat. For corn the best fertilizers were ammonium nitrate where was maximal profitability (54.7 %).","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82459926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Loss of productivity from excessive compaction of the soil can reach 60 %. Therefore, it is relevant to select the rational measures of the primary and pre-sowing tillage of the soil in order to achieve optimal its agro-physical parameters, the compaction particularly. The article shows the influence of the main and pre-sowing cultivation on the compaction of sod-podzolic soils and the yield of buckwheat in the Carpathian region of Ukraine. The research was conducted in the conditions of the Carpathian State Agricultural Research Station of NAAS and the Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Herbology of NULES of Ukraine during 2015–2017. The conducted researches showed that the best combination was of the primary chiseling of soil on 20–22 cm and pre-sowing, which included of early spring harrowing, harrowing with heavy tooth-boring harrows (as weed germination) and pre-sowing cultivation to the depth of sowing.This provided optimum soil compaction during the growing season of buckwheat (no more than 1.32 g / cm 3 ) and the highest yield of crops in experiments – 3.61 t / ha.
{"title":"Effect of tillage on the compaction of sod-podzolic soils for growing buckwheat in the Carpathian region of Ukraine","authors":"V. Chumbey, S. Tanchyk, O. Pavlov","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.01.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.01.027","url":null,"abstract":"Loss of productivity from excessive compaction of the soil can reach 60 %. Therefore, it is relevant to select the rational measures of the primary and pre-sowing tillage of the soil in order to achieve optimal its agro-physical parameters, the compaction particularly. The article shows the influence of the main and pre-sowing cultivation on the compaction of sod-podzolic soils and the yield of buckwheat in the Carpathian region of Ukraine. The research was conducted in the conditions of the Carpathian State Agricultural Research Station of NAAS and the Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Herbology of NULES of Ukraine during 2015–2017. The conducted researches showed that the best combination was of the primary chiseling of soil on 20–22 cm and pre-sowing, which included of early spring harrowing, harrowing with heavy tooth-boring harrows (as weed germination) and pre-sowing cultivation to the depth of sowing.This provided optimum soil compaction during the growing season of buckwheat (no more than 1.32 g / cm 3 ) and the highest yield of crops in experiments – 3.61 t / ha.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81902193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corn cultivation technologyas raw materials for biogas production","authors":"M. Grabovskyi","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77399112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bulygin, S. Vitvitskyy, L. Kucher, M. Y. Bulygina
The article describes the importance of using micronutrients in the dry climate of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine on degraded soils under conditions of atmospheric pollution, violation of traditional schemes of crop rotation of crops and deficiency of organic fertilizers. The main purpose of the study, taking into account that the fertilization was carried out in a single scheme, both in terms of norms and technology, was to investigate the influence of soil ecological factors on the yield of winter wheat against the background of differentiation of the extracorporeal fertilization with the trace elements of Reakom (Zn, Cu, B, Mo, Co, P 2 O 5 , K 2 O) in a dose of 2.5 l/ha and 5 l/ha. The research was carried out on chernozem in the usual low-humus and its eroded abnormalities: weak and medium-sized, which marked the rise of carbonates due to some blurring of the upper accumulative genetic horizon and deterioration of qualitative soil fertility indices. The yield of winter wheat on chernozem was almost 1.17% higher than that of 2.5 l/ha, compared to control, whereas there was no effect on the washed offs. For application of 5l/ha Reakom at discarded crop yields increased to 13.8% on medium-chernozem. Effectiveness of the drug for foliar application of winter wheat in arid conditions on the abovementioned soil abnormalities is described by the regression equation, the use of which will allow the efficient allocation of funds when planning purchases of trace elements of trace elements.
本文描述了在乌克兰南部草原干燥气候下，在大气污染、违反传统作物轮作计划和缺乏有机肥的条件下，在退化的土壤上使用微量营养素的重要性。这项研究的主要目的,考虑到受精是在一个方案中,无论是规范和技术,是研究土壤生态的影响因素对冬小麦的产量的背景下,分化的体外受精Reakom的微量元素(锌、铜、B,密苏里州,有限公司P 2 O 5, K 2 O)剂量的2.5升/公顷和5 l /公顷。研究了通常低腐殖质土壤中的黑钙土及其侵蚀异常:弱和中等，由于上部累积成因层的模糊和土壤肥力定性指标的恶化，标志着碳酸盐的上升。黑钙土处理冬小麦产量比对照2.5 l/ hm2增产近1.17%，但对冲蚀量无影响。在废弃作物上施用5l/ha Reakom，中黑钙土产量提高到13.8%。用回归方程描述干旱条件下冬小麦叶面施药对上述土壤异常的效果，利用回归方程可以在规划微量元素的微量元素采购时有效分配资金。
{"title":"Ефективність препарату «Реаком» на чорноземі звичайному за вирощування пшениці озимої","authors":"S. Bulygin, S. Vitvitskyy, L. Kucher, M. Y. Bulygina","doi":"10.31548/agr2019.03.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/agr2019.03.020","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the importance of using micronutrients in the dry climate of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine on degraded soils under conditions of atmospheric pollution, violation of traditional schemes of crop rotation of crops and deficiency of organic fertilizers. The main purpose of the study, taking into account that the fertilization was carried out in a single scheme, both in terms of norms and technology, was to investigate the influence of soil ecological factors on the yield of winter wheat against the background of differentiation of the extracorporeal fertilization with the trace elements of Reakom (Zn, Cu, B, Mo, Co, P 2 O 5 , K 2 O) in a dose of 2.5 l/ha and 5 l/ha. The research was carried out on chernozem in the usual low-humus and its eroded abnormalities: weak and medium-sized, which marked the rise of carbonates due to some blurring of the upper accumulative genetic horizon and deterioration of qualitative soil fertility indices. The yield of winter wheat on chernozem was almost 1.17% higher than that of 2.5 l/ha, compared to control, whereas there was no effect on the washed offs. For application of 5l/ha Reakom at discarded crop yields increased to 13.8% on medium-chernozem. Effectiveness of the drug for foliar application of winter wheat in arid conditions on the abovementioned soil abnormalities is described by the regression equation, the use of which will allow the efficient allocation of funds when planning purchases of trace elements of trace elements.","PeriodicalId":20195,"journal":{"name":"PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78670748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：