: Thidiazuron (TDZ), a well known plant growth regulator is used in tissues culture as a sup-plement to the basal MS medium. Several reports suggest the role of TDZ in promoting plant organogenesis and plant regeneration. Our experiments to micropropagate the sugarcane using various growth regulators reveal the role of TDZ in rooting and survival of a high yielding new sugarcane variety Co 05011. Various permutation combinations were tried using TDZ as the main regulator to rapidly in-crease the number of plantlets. Shoot cultures were repeatedly multiplied for 10 cycles and then transferred to MS medium augmented with various concentration of TDZ along with 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and sucrose for rooting. Results of present study indicate optimum concentration of TDZ (0.002 mg/L) in combination with NAA (0.5 mg/L) resulted in 93.6% root formation. Moreover, when these shoots were re-cultured in the same media for an-other two cycles it produced 100% rooting and had almost 100% survival during acclimatization. These results indicate that TDZ and NAA combination enhance the activity of NAA and resulting in massive proliferation of roots. TDZ increases the frequency and proliferation of healthy and vigorous roots in micropropagated shoots thus enhancing their survival rate in field and during hardening process. This work can be helpful in developing successful and cost effective tissue culture of elite sugarcane varieties.
{"title":"Cumulative effect of thidiazuron and 1-naphthylacetic acid in massive root proliferation of micropropagated sugarcane plantlet","authors":"K. Kumari, M. Lal, S. Saxena","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.12.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.12.16","url":null,"abstract":": Thidiazuron (TDZ), a well known plant growth regulator is used in tissues culture as a sup-plement to the basal MS medium. Several reports suggest the role of TDZ in promoting plant organogenesis and plant regeneration. Our experiments to micropropagate the sugarcane using various growth regulators reveal the role of TDZ in rooting and survival of a high yielding new sugarcane variety Co 05011. Various permutation combinations were tried using TDZ as the main regulator to rapidly in-crease the number of plantlets. Shoot cultures were repeatedly multiplied for 10 cycles and then transferred to MS medium augmented with various concentration of TDZ along with 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and sucrose for rooting. Results of present study indicate optimum concentration of TDZ (0.002 mg/L) in combination with NAA (0.5 mg/L) resulted in 93.6% root formation. Moreover, when these shoots were re-cultured in the same media for an-other two cycles it produced 100% rooting and had almost 100% survival during acclimatization. These results indicate that TDZ and NAA combination enhance the activity of NAA and resulting in massive proliferation of roots. TDZ increases the frequency and proliferation of healthy and vigorous roots in micropropagated shoots thus enhancing their survival rate in field and during hardening process. This work can be helpful in developing successful and cost effective tissue culture of elite sugarcane varieties.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"12 1","pages":"16-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69621093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) produces high yield of storage roots (SR), it is an attractive target for improving productivity. However, molecular information about sweet potato is limited. The number of SR per plants determines the yield of sweet potato. SRs develop from adventitious roots (AR). Therefore, the mechanisms responsible for the initiation and development of AR need to be elucidated to increase the productivity of sweet potato. We conducted a transcriptomic analysis between nodes containing AR primordia (ARnode) and stems using next-generation sequencing to identify AR-specific promoters. A total of 6,219 contigs exhibited stronger expression in the ARnodes than in the stems. Among them, we found that the expression of sweet potato Plant AT-rich sequenceand zinc-binding protein (IbPLATZ) transcription factors was AR-specific. We examined the promoter activity of IbPLATZ in the transgenic Arabidopsis plants. β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining showed that the IbPLATZ promoter conferred the expression of the GUS reporter gene in a root tipspecific manner. These results indicate that the IbPLATZ promoter is available for a root tip-specific foreign gene expression system in transgenic plants.
由于甘薯(Ipomoea batatas)储藏根(SR)产量高，它是一个有吸引力的提高生产力的目标。然而，关于红薯的分子信息有限。单株SR的多少决定了甘薯的产量。SRs由不定根(AR)发展而来。因此，为了提高甘薯的产量，需要阐明AR的产生和发展机制。我们利用下一代测序技术对含有AR原基(ARnode)的节点和茎进行了转录组学分析，以鉴定AR特异性启动子。6219个contigs在ARnodes中的表达强于在茎中的表达。其中，我们发现甘薯植物AT-rich sequenceand zinc-binding protein (IbPLATZ)转录因子的表达具有ar特异性。我们检测了转基因拟南芥植株中IbPLATZ启动子的活性。β-葡萄糖醛酸酶(GUS)染色表明IbPLATZ启动子以根尖特异性的方式赋予GUS报告基因的表达。这些结果表明IbPLATZ启动子可用于转基因植物根尖特异性外源基因的表达系统。
{"title":"Identification of promoter for adventitious root-specific gene expression from sweet potato","authors":"N. Tanabe, Akane Ito, M. Tamoi, S. Shigeoka","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.12.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.12.31","url":null,"abstract":"Since sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) produces high yield of storage roots (SR), it is an attractive target for improving productivity. However, molecular information about sweet potato is limited. The number of SR per plants determines the yield of sweet potato. SRs develop from adventitious roots (AR). Therefore, the mechanisms responsible for the initiation and development of AR need to be elucidated to increase the productivity of sweet potato. We conducted a transcriptomic analysis between nodes containing AR primordia (ARnode) and stems using next-generation sequencing to identify AR-specific promoters. A total of 6,219 contigs exhibited stronger expression in the ARnodes than in the stems. Among them, we found that the expression of sweet potato Plant AT-rich sequenceand zinc-binding protein (IbPLATZ) transcription factors was AR-specific. We examined the promoter activity of IbPLATZ in the transgenic Arabidopsis plants. β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining showed that the IbPLATZ promoter conferred the expression of the GUS reporter gene in a root tipspecific manner. These results indicate that the IbPLATZ promoter is available for a root tip-specific foreign gene expression system in transgenic plants.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"119 1","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.12.31","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69621188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuki Kawahara, T. Hashimoto, H. Nakayama, Y. Kitamura
To confirm the involvement of galactose oxidase/kelch repeat-containing protein (Glx) in response to iron (Fe) deficiency in Hyoscyamus albus, we cloned a putative full-length HaGlx cDNA, which contained an open reading frame (975 bp, 324 amino acids). HaGlx was confirmed by homology searches, molecular phylogeny analysis, and domain search. HaGlx was expressed in the roots but not in the leaves, and the expression significantly increased under Fe deficiency. Sequencing of ~1.9 kb of the 5ʹ-upstream region of the HaGlx gene, followed by the analysis of promoter elements, resulted in the identification of multiple rootspecific elements together with stress-induced elements, including the Fe deficiency-induced element (IDE1) core motif. This suggests that HaGlx plays a key role in stress responses induced under Fe deficiency in the roots. To our knowledge, this is the first report confirming, in a plant other than Arabidopsis thaliana, that Glx is involved in the stress response to Fe deficiency.
{"title":"Galactose oxidase/kelch repeat-containing protein is involved in the iron deficiency stress response in the roots of Hyoscyamus albus","authors":"Yuki Kawahara, T. Hashimoto, H. Nakayama, Y. Kitamura","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.58","url":null,"abstract":"To confirm the involvement of galactose oxidase/kelch repeat-containing protein (Glx) in response to iron (Fe) deficiency in Hyoscyamus albus, we cloned a putative full-length HaGlx cDNA, which contained an open reading frame (975 bp, 324 amino acids). HaGlx was confirmed by homology searches, molecular phylogeny analysis, and domain search. HaGlx was expressed in the roots but not in the leaves, and the expression significantly increased under Fe deficiency. Sequencing of ~1.9 kb of the 5ʹ-upstream region of the HaGlx gene, followed by the analysis of promoter elements, resulted in the identification of multiple rootspecific elements together with stress-induced elements, including the Fe deficiency-induced element (IDE1) core motif. This suggests that HaGlx plays a key role in stress responses induced under Fe deficiency in the roots. To our knowledge, this is the first report confirming, in a plant other than Arabidopsis thaliana, that Glx is involved in the stress response to Fe deficiency.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"11 1","pages":"58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.58","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44869257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. O. Adu, D. Yawson, M. Bennett, M. Broadley, L. Dupuy, P. White
Rhizoboxes are soil-root compartments that may well provide the closest naturalistic conditions for studying root systems architectures (RSAs) in controlled environments. Rhizobox-based studies can however lead to mis-estimation of root traits due to poor recovery of roots and loss of fine root features during washing of roots. We used a novel scanner-based rhizobox system to evaluate: (i) RSA traits of Brassica rapa genotypes; (ii) the relationship between root traits recorded from rhizoboxes and those of harvested roots and (iii) genotypic variation of seedlings in response to external P ([P] ext) availability. Brassica rapa genotypes were grown in soil-filled rhizoboxes abutting flatbed scanners and were watered once with either deionised water or a solution of 600 μM KH2PO4 to approximately 80% field capacity on a weight basis. Shoot and root P concentrations ([P]shoot and [P]root) of the B. rapa lines grown on different [P]ext were quantified. Visible root length at the surface of rhizoboxes constituted 85% of the total root length recovered from harvested root samples. High P supply induced a strong increase in [P]shoot in all genotypes (P < 0.001) whereas low P supply generally led to greater partitioning to roots. Seed P concentration and tissue P concentration were correlated only at low [P]ext. Total root length was strongly correlated with tissue P content under both low [P]ext (r = 0.81, P < 0.05) and high [P]ext (r = 0.82, P < 0.05) conditions. The novel scanner-based rhizobox system used addresses the substantial limitations associated with current use of rhizoboxes to study root growth dynamics.
根箱是土壤根系间室，可以为在受控环境下研究根系结构(RSAs)提供最接近自然的条件。然而，基于根箱的研究可能会导致对根系性状的错误估计，因为在根系洗涤过程中，根系恢复不良和细根特征的丧失。本研究采用一种新型的基于扫描仪的根箱系统来评价:(1)油菜基因型的RSA性状;(ii)根箱记录的根性状与收获根性状之间的关系;(iii)幼苗对外部磷(P [P]等)有效性的基因型变异。rapa基因型油菜生长在与平板扫描仪相邻的填土根箱中，用去离子水或600 μM KH2PO4溶液浇灌一次，以重量为基础约80%的田间容量。测定了不同[P]ext上生长的白刺系茎部和根部磷含量([P]茎部和[P]根)。根箱表面可见根长占采根样品恢复总根长的85%。在所有基因型中，高磷供应诱导了[P]茎部的强烈增加(P < 0.001)，而低磷供应通常导致更大的根系分配。种子磷浓度与组织磷浓度仅在低磷水平下相关。在低[P]ext (r = 0.81, P < 0.05)和高[P]ext (r = 0.82, P < 0.05)条件下，总根长与组织磷含量呈极显著相关。新的基于扫描仪的根箱系统解决了目前使用根箱研究根系生长动态的实质性限制。
{"title":"A scanner-based rhizobox system enabling the quantification of root system development and response of Brassica rapa seedlings to external P availability","authors":"M. O. Adu, D. Yawson, M. Bennett, M. Broadley, L. Dupuy, P. White","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.16","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizoboxes are soil-root compartments that may well provide the closest naturalistic conditions for studying root systems architectures (RSAs) in controlled environments. Rhizobox-based studies can however lead to mis-estimation of root traits due to poor recovery of roots and loss of fine root features during washing of roots. We used a novel scanner-based rhizobox system to evaluate: (i) RSA traits of Brassica rapa genotypes; (ii) the relationship between root traits recorded from rhizoboxes and those of harvested roots and (iii) genotypic variation of seedlings in response to external P ([P] ext) availability. Brassica rapa genotypes were grown in soil-filled rhizoboxes abutting flatbed scanners and were watered once with either deionised water or a solution of 600 μM KH2PO4 to approximately 80% field capacity on a weight basis. Shoot and root P concentrations ([P]shoot and [P]root) of the B. rapa lines grown on different [P]ext were quantified. Visible root length at the surface of rhizoboxes constituted 85% of the total root length recovered from harvested root samples. High P supply induced a strong increase in [P]shoot in all genotypes (P < 0.001) whereas low P supply generally led to greater partitioning to roots. Seed P concentration and tissue P concentration were correlated only at low [P]ext. Total root length was strongly correlated with tissue P content under both low [P]ext (r = 0.81, P < 0.05) and high [P]ext (r = 0.82, P < 0.05) conditions. The novel scanner-based rhizobox system used addresses the substantial limitations associated with current use of rhizoboxes to study root growth dynamics.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"11 1","pages":"16-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.16","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42459970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Knyazev, B. Kuluev, E. Mikhaylova, Gulnar Yasybaeva, A. Chemeris
Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin, also known as Russian dandelion, is the most promising source of natural rubber in the temperate climate zone. As the roots of Russian dandelion accumulate rubber, it is of great interest to develop methods to produce hairy roots and to transfer target genes to improve its genome. We studied the aseptic germination of T. kok-saghyz seeds, using different sterilizing agents and their influence on contamination and germination rate. Sterile T. kok-saghyz plants were used for Agrobacterium rhizogenesmediated transformation. T. kok-saghyz hairy roots developed on hormone-free half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium. The A4 strain of A. rhizogenes demonstrated higher efficiency than the 15834 strain. Transformation was confirmed by PCR and histochemical GUS analysis. Transgenic plants of kok-saghyz, containing the reporter GUS gene, spontaneously regenerated from dissected hairy roots.
{"title":"Aseptic germination and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin","authors":"A. Knyazev, B. Kuluev, E. Mikhaylova, Gulnar Yasybaeva, A. Chemeris","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.64","url":null,"abstract":"Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin, also known as Russian dandelion, is the most promising source of natural rubber in the temperate climate zone. As the roots of Russian dandelion accumulate rubber, it is of great interest to develop methods to produce hairy roots and to transfer target genes to improve its genome. We studied the aseptic germination of T. kok-saghyz seeds, using different sterilizing agents and their influence on contamination and germination rate. Sterile T. kok-saghyz plants were used for Agrobacterium rhizogenesmediated transformation. T. kok-saghyz hairy roots developed on hormone-free half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium. The A4 strain of A. rhizogenes demonstrated higher efficiency than the 15834 strain. Transformation was confirmed by PCR and histochemical GUS analysis. Transgenic plants of kok-saghyz, containing the reporter GUS gene, spontaneously regenerated from dissected hairy roots.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"11 1","pages":"64-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.64","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69620978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDCA) analogs, including 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4and 3,5PDCA, accelerate flower opening and retard senescence of spray-type carnation flowers. In addition the present study revealed that 2,3-PDCA promoted root elongation in lettuce, carrot and rice seedlings, whereas 2,4-PDCA inhibited it. Then, the action of PDCA and pyridinecarboxylic acid (PCA) analogs on root elongation was further examined using rice seedlings. 2,3-, 3,4and 3,5PDCA promoted rice root elongation, whereas 2,4and 2,6-PDCA inhibited, and 2,5-PDCA had little effect. 3-PCA (nicotinic acid) promoted rice root elongation, but 2and 4-PCA did not. Moreover, 3-PCA amide (nicotinamide) did not promote root elongation. These findings indicated that a carboxyl group substituted on position 3 of the pyridine ring is necessary to promote root elongation, and that the promoting effect of 3-PCA was not from its action as vitamin B3, but from its intrinsic activity as a 3-COOH substituted pyridine. On the other hand, all the PCA and PDCA analogs tested in this study, except 2,6-PDCA and 4-PCA, promoted shoot elongation of rice seedlings.
{"title":"Promotion of root elongation by pyridinecarboxylic acids known as novel cut flower care agents","authors":"S. Satoh, Yoshihiro Nomura","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.40","url":null,"abstract":"Pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDCA) analogs, including 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4and 3,5PDCA, accelerate flower opening and retard senescence of spray-type carnation flowers. In addition the present study revealed that 2,3-PDCA promoted root elongation in lettuce, carrot and rice seedlings, whereas 2,4-PDCA inhibited it. Then, the action of PDCA and pyridinecarboxylic acid (PCA) analogs on root elongation was further examined using rice seedlings. 2,3-, 3,4and 3,5PDCA promoted rice root elongation, whereas 2,4and 2,6-PDCA inhibited, and 2,5-PDCA had little effect. 3-PCA (nicotinic acid) promoted rice root elongation, but 2and 4-PCA did not. Moreover, 3-PCA amide (nicotinamide) did not promote root elongation. These findings indicated that a carboxyl group substituted on position 3 of the pyridine ring is necessary to promote root elongation, and that the promoting effect of 3-PCA was not from its action as vitamin B3, but from its intrinsic activity as a 3-COOH substituted pyridine. On the other hand, all the PCA and PDCA analogs tested in this study, except 2,6-PDCA and 4-PCA, promoted shoot elongation of rice seedlings.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"198 1","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.40","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69620959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gulnar Yasybaeva, Z. Vershinina, B. Kuluev, E. Mikhaylova, A. Baymiev, A. Chemeris
T-DNA of Ri-plasmid from Agrobacterium rhizogenes is able to trigger the hairy root syndrome in infected plants. This natural phenomenon is used to generate hairy root cultures predominantly only in dicotyledonous plants. We propose a new method of hairy roots induction without Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The 5461 bp T-DNA region from A. rhizogenes A4 strain with all four rol genes was amplified using primers containing sequences for left and right T-DNA borders on their 3’-ends. This amplicon was used for direct transformation of tobacco leaf discs without A. rhizogenes and binary vectors. We showed the possibility of generation of hairy roots on tobacco leaf discs by biolistic transformation utilizing only rol genes amplicon.
发根农杆菌ri质粒的T-DNA能够引发被侵染植物的毛状根综合征。这种自然现象主要只在双子叶植物中用于产生毛状根培养。我们提出了一种无需农杆菌介导转化的毛状根诱导新方法。利用含有3′端左右两侧T-DNA边界序列的引物扩增了根状芽孢杆菌A4株全部4个rol基因的5461 bp T-DNA区域。利用该扩增子对不含根芽孢杆菌的烟草叶片进行直接转化，并进行二元载体转化。我们证明了仅利用rol基因扩增子进行生物转化，在烟草叶盘上产生毛状根的可能性。
{"title":"Biolistic-mediated plasmid-free transformation for induction of hairy roots in tobacco plants","authors":"Gulnar Yasybaeva, Z. Vershinina, B. Kuluev, E. Mikhaylova, A. Baymiev, A. Chemeris","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.33","url":null,"abstract":"T-DNA of Ri-plasmid from Agrobacterium rhizogenes is able to trigger the hairy root syndrome in infected plants. This natural phenomenon is used to generate hairy root cultures predominantly only in dicotyledonous plants. We propose a new method of hairy roots induction without Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The 5461 bp T-DNA region from A. rhizogenes A4 strain with all four rol genes was amplified using primers containing sequences for left and right T-DNA borders on their 3’-ends. This amplicon was used for direct transformation of tobacco leaf discs without A. rhizogenes and binary vectors. We showed the possibility of generation of hairy roots on tobacco leaf discs by biolistic transformation utilizing only rol genes amplicon.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"11 1","pages":"33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.33","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69620924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tsubasa Kawai, Misuzu Nosaka-Takahashi, A. Yamauchi, Y. Inukai
{"title":"Compensatory growth of lateral roots responding to excision of seminal root tip in rice","authors":"Tsubasa Kawai, Misuzu Nosaka-Takahashi, A. Yamauchi, Y. Inukai","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.48","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"11 1","pages":"48-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.48","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69620968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mana Kano‐Nakata, Y. Inukai, J. Siopongco, Shiro Mitsuya, A. Yamauchi
Root plasticity is the key trait for plant adaptation to environmental stresses. To quantify phenotypic plasticity to its full extent in potential, it needs to be evaluated under contiguous environmental changes. For that purpose, we used the combination of chromosome segment substitution lines (Nipponbare/Kasalath CSSLs) and line source sprinkler (LSS) system of irrigation. For analysis, we first attempted to apply the coefficient of variation (CV) and norm of reaction that have been used as the conventional approaches, and then propose a new approach for quantification of root plasticity. Results revealed that CV was not linked to root plasticity under contiguous water gradient in this study. In contrast, norm of reaction was linked to root plasticity and better explained with curve than linear, especially for CSSL50 (the most plastic genotypes) under such gradient. Based on the norm of reaction with curve, root plasticity was calculated using the difference in total root length between CSSLs and the recurrent parent, Nipponbare. Further analysis of root plasticity in relation to dry matter production was also done. By applying the new approach, we confirmed that root plasticity expression was affected by the intensities of drought stress and genotypes, indicating that such root plasticity is genetically controlled. In addition, root plasticity effectively contributed to the dry matter production under the drought conditions and maximized at around 20% of soil moisture content (–0.04 MPa). By using CSSLs and LSS system, we successfully evaluated root plasticity under contiguous water gradient.
{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of plastic root responses to contiguous water gradient in rice","authors":"Mana Kano‐Nakata, Y. Inukai, J. Siopongco, Shiro Mitsuya, A. Yamauchi","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.70","url":null,"abstract":"Root plasticity is the key trait for plant adaptation to environmental stresses. To quantify phenotypic plasticity to its full extent in potential, it needs to be evaluated under contiguous environmental changes. For that purpose, we used the combination of chromosome segment substitution lines (Nipponbare/Kasalath CSSLs) and line source sprinkler (LSS) system of irrigation. For analysis, we first attempted to apply the coefficient of variation (CV) and norm of reaction that have been used as the conventional approaches, and then propose a new approach for quantification of root plasticity. Results revealed that CV was not linked to root plasticity under contiguous water gradient in this study. In contrast, norm of reaction was linked to root plasticity and better explained with curve than linear, especially for CSSL50 (the most plastic genotypes) under such gradient. Based on the norm of reaction with curve, root plasticity was calculated using the difference in total root length between CSSLs and the recurrent parent, Nipponbare. Further analysis of root plasticity in relation to dry matter production was also done. By applying the new approach, we confirmed that root plasticity expression was affected by the intensities of drought stress and genotypes, indicating that such root plasticity is genetically controlled. In addition, root plasticity effectively contributed to the dry matter production under the drought conditions and maximized at around 20% of soil moisture content (–0.04 MPa). By using CSSLs and LSS system, we successfully evaluated root plasticity under contiguous water gradient.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"11 1","pages":"70-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.70","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69620995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atsushi Ogawa, Maya Matsunami, Yusuke Suzuki, K. Toyofuku, H. Wabiko
Polar auxin transport was inhibited in rice seedlings when they were treated with N1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). The treatment reduced total root length and the number of lateral roots, and negatively affected gravitropism. The auxin content at the base of the seminal root significantly increased in the NPA treatment seedlings compared to the control. Lateral roots elongated along the seminal root axis after NPA treatment, but growth remained within the cortex. Lignin content in the basal region also increased at the same time and accumulated in the epidermis. These results suggest that NPA treatment prevents lateral roots from penetrating the hypodermis due to the hardening of hypodermis cell walls through the enhanced lignification, and the disturbed gravitropism caused by NPA treatment affected auxin flow.
{"title":"Lateral root elongation inside the basal cortex of the seminal root is caused by the changes in auxin distribution to the root system of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings","authors":"Atsushi Ogawa, Maya Matsunami, Yusuke Suzuki, K. Toyofuku, H. Wabiko","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.10","url":null,"abstract":"Polar auxin transport was inhibited in rice seedlings when they were treated with N1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). The treatment reduced total root length and the number of lateral roots, and negatively affected gravitropism. The auxin content at the base of the seminal root significantly increased in the NPA treatment seedlings compared to the control. Lateral roots elongated along the seminal root axis after NPA treatment, but growth remained within the cortex. Lignin content in the basal region also increased at the same time and accumulated in the epidermis. These results suggest that NPA treatment prevents lateral roots from penetrating the hypodermis due to the hardening of hypodermis cell walls through the enhanced lignification, and the disturbed gravitropism caused by NPA treatment affected auxin flow.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"11 1","pages":"10-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.11.10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69620908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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