Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献_第5页

Plastid glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 3 is involved in root system reshaping under low phosphorus stress through regulating auxin and cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis 拟南芥质体葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶3通过调控生长素和细胞分裂素信号参与低磷胁迫下根系重塑

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111113

Yunchuan Zhang , Lili Yan , Mengjiao Ruan , Hao Sun , Junjie Li , Wenliang He , Xiaofan Na , Yurong Bi , Xiaomin Wang

Phosphorus (P) deficiency severely limits crop yield. Plastid glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 3 (G6PD3) is extensively involved in plant adaptation to abiotic stresses. However, little is known regarding the G6PD3 roles in plant adaptation to low P environments. Among G6PD family gene mutants, g6pd3 seedlings have the shortest primary root length under low P stress. G6PD3 transcription was markedly induced by low P stress, especially in the meristematic and elongation zones of primary roots and lateral root primordia. G6PD3 mutation increased the lateral root number but decreased the primary root length and the root/shoot ratio compared with WT, G6PD3 overexpression lines, disturbing root system architecture (RSA) reshaping induced by low P conditions. g6pd3 plants also exhibited other low P-sensitive phenotypes, such as high hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels and NADP⁺/NADPH ratio, reduced biomass, and delayed seed germination. qRT-PCR results further showed that the transcriptions of P-starvation responsive (PSR) genes (PHR1, Pht1;4/PT2 and Pht1;1/PT1) were markedly down-regulated in g6pd3 roots. Meanwhile, G6PD3 mutation down-regulated the expressions of genes related to auxin (IAA) synthesis, polar transport and signaling pathway, but up-regulated the expressions of cytokinin (CTK) synthetic genes under low P stress. This ultimately resulted in low IAA levels and high CTK levels in g6pd3 roots. Exogenous application of reduced glutathione (GSH) effectively alleviated the inhibition of primary root growth in g6pd3 seedlings under low P stress. Taken together, G6PD3 mutation disturbes RSA reshaping through affecting plant hormone (IAA and CTK) signals and H₂O₂ homeostasis, ultimately increasing the sensitivity of Arabidopsis to low P environments.

缺磷严重限制了作物产量。质体葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶3 （G6PD3）广泛参与植物对非生物胁迫的适应。然而，关于G6PD3在植物适应低磷环境中的作用知之甚少。在G6PD家族基因突变体中，低磷胁迫下g6pd3幼苗主根长度最短。低磷胁迫显著诱导了G6PD3的转录，特别是在主根和侧根原基的分生组织区和伸长区。与WT、G6PD3过表达系相比，G6PD3突变增加了侧根数，减少了主根长度和根冠比，干扰了低磷条件下根系结构（RSA）的重塑。g6pd3植株还表现出其他低磷敏感表型，如过氧化氢（H2O2）水平和NADP+/NADPH比值高，生物量减少，种子萌发延迟。qRT-PCR结果进一步表明，在g6pd3根中，磷饥饿反应（PSR）基因PHR1、Pht1；4/PT2和Pht1；1/PT1的转录水平明显下调。G6PD3突变下调了生长素（IAA）合成、极性转运和信号通路相关基因的表达，上调了低磷胁迫下细胞分裂素（CTK）合成相关基因的表达。这最终导致g6pd3根的低IAA水平和高CTK水平。外源施用还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）可有效缓解低磷胁迫下g6pd3幼苗初生根生长受到的抑制。综上所述，G6PD3突变通过影响植物激素（IAA和CTK）信号和H2O2稳态来干扰RSA重塑，最终增加拟南芥对低磷环境的敏感性。

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引用次数: 0

Distinct transcriptional programs control polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress responses in oat (Avena sativa L.) shoot and roots 不同的转录程序控制聚乙二醇（PEG）诱导的燕麦（Avena sativa L.）茎部和根系的干旱胁迫响应。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111123

Mateus Simionato da Silva , Luciano Carlos da Maia , Bruna Miranda Rodrigues , Vera Quecini , Antonio Costa de Oliveira , Camila Pegoraro

Oats (Avena sativa L.) are generally considered tolerant to unfavorable environmental conditions, although drought is known to impose yield losses. Several breeding programs worldwide aim at producing new oat genotypes tolerant to water deficit, but the molecular mechanisms underlying drought responses remain scarcely characterized. We investigated the growth and biomass production of 12 oat genotypes submitted to dehydration induced by PEG. Shoot elongation and biomass production were severely impaired by osmotic stress, whereas in roots growth and dry weight were mostly increased. To gain further insight into the responses, seedlings from ‘URS Altiva’ were subjected to osmotic stress for seven days, their growth and biomass performance investigated, and the transcriptome was determined for the shoots and roots of control and water-stressed plants. Distinct transcriptional programs were demonstrated to control dehydration responses in shoots and roots, agreeing with the phenotypic responses. Photosynthesis and chloroplast assembly pathways were negatively affected in the shoots, whereas in the roots the transcription of defense genes was mostly impaired. The salvage pathways induced by osmotic stress in oat shoots and roots were shared, consisting of water deprivation and abscisic acid-mediated pathways. Candidate genes and transcription factors regulating these pathways in response to dehydration were identified. Three modules of co-regulated genes were demonstrated to be correlated with biomass production in the shoots and roots and shoot elongation. This work contributes to the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the differential response of shoots and roots to dehydration and may provide tools to develop new tolerant cultivars.

燕麦（Avena sativa L.）通常被认为对不利的环境条件具有耐受性，尽管已知干旱会造成产量损失。世界范围内的一些育种计划旨在生产耐缺水的新燕麦基因型，但干旱反应的分子机制仍然很少被描述。我们研究了12个基因型的燕麦在PEG脱水诱导下的生长和生物量产量。渗透胁迫对植株的茎伸长和生物量影响较大，而对根系生长和干重影响较大。为了进一步了解这些反应，我们将‘URS Altiva’幼苗置于渗透胁迫下7天，研究它们的生长和生物量表现，并测定对照植株和缺水植株的茎和根的转录组。不同的转录程序被证明控制了茎和根的脱水反应，与表型反应一致。在茎部，光合作用和叶绿体组装途径受到负面影响，而在根部，防御基因的转录受到损害。渗透胁迫对燕麦茎和根的修复途径是共同的，包括水分剥夺和脱落酸介导的途径。候选基因和转录因子调节这些途径响应脱水被确定。共调控基因的三个模块与茎、根生物量产量和茎伸长相关。这项工作有助于目前对芽和根对脱水差异反应的分子机制的理解，并可能为开发新的耐受性品种提供工具。

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引用次数: 0

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated SiZAT12 mutagenesis enhances drought tolerance without yield penalty in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) CRISPR/ cas9介导的SiZAT12诱变提高谷子抗旱性而不影响产量

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111096

Xuan Zhou , Lingqian Zhang , Hejing Wu , Haodong Wang , Jiayi Chen , Xueting Kang , Jianhong Hao , Hongzhi Wang , Lulu Gao , Guanghui Yang , Xiangyang Yuan , Jia-Gang Wang , Xiao-qian Chu

引用次数: 0

Functional characterization reveals MiNAC25 and MiSGR1 as key regulators of chlorophyll degradation in mango 功能表征表明MiNAC25和MiSGR1是芒果叶绿素降解的关键调控因子

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111095

Xiao Du , Xueyu Cui , Wenping Zeng , Yujiao Peng , Qianfu Chen , Yerong Wang

Chlorophyll degradation is crucial for fruit ripening and coloration, but its transcriptional regulation in mango (Mangifera indica L.) remains unclear. Here, we investigated two mango cultivars, ‘Guire 82’ (persistent green) and ‘Neelum’ (yellowing), and integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses implicated porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism as the central pathway underlying peel color divergence. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified key modules linked to pigmentation, from which we uncovered that a NAC-family transcription factor MiNAC25 as a central regulator within the chlorophyll degradation network. MiSGR1 a key chlorophyll catabolic gene, showed co-expression with MiNAC25, and in silico analysis revealed potential NAC-binding sites in its promoter. Subcellular localization confirmed the nuclear localization of MiNAC25 and the chloroplast localization of MiSGR1. Functional validation in tomato demonstrated that heterologous overexpression of either MiNAC25 or MiSGR1 significantly accelerated chlorophyll degradation and up-regulated the expression of endogenous chlorophyll catabolic genes (SlPPH, SlPAO, SlRCCR). Notably, MiNAC25 overexpression also activated the tomato SGR ortholog. Our findings reveal a previously uncharacterized transcriptional module in which the nuclear MiNAC25 potentially coordinates chlorophyll breakdown, possibly through influencing MiSGR1 and other catabolic genes, to govern peel yellowing in mango. This study provides key insights into the regulatory mechanism of fruit coloration and identifies MiNAC25 and MiSGR1 as strategic targets for improving mango fruit quality.

叶绿素降解对果实成熟和着色至关重要，但其在芒果（Mangifera indica L.）中的转录调控尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了两个芒果品种，‘Guire 82’（持久绿色）和‘Neelum’（变黄），综合代谢组学和转录组学分析表明，卟啉和叶绿素代谢是果皮颜色差异的主要途径。加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）确定了与色素沉着相关的关键模块，从中我们发现nac家族转录因子MiNAC25在叶绿素降解网络中起中心调节作用。MiSGR1是叶绿素分解代谢的关键基因，与MiNAC25共表达，并在其启动子中发现了潜在的nac结合位点。亚细胞定位证实了MiNAC25的核定位和MiSGR1的叶绿体定位。在番茄中的功能验证表明，外源过表达MiNAC25或MiSGR1均能显著加速叶绿素降解，上调内源叶绿素分解代谢基因（SlPPH、SlPAO、SlRCCR）的表达。值得注意的是，MiNAC25过表达也激活了番茄SGR同源基因。我们的研究结果揭示了一个以前未被表征的转录模块，其中核MiNAC25可能通过影响MiSGR1和其他分解代谢基因来协调叶绿素分解，从而控制芒果果皮变黄。该研究为水果着色的调控机制提供了重要的见解，并确定了MiNAC25和MiSGR1作为改善芒果果实品质的战略靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Interaction of preharvest UV-B and low temperature on antioxidant secondary plant metabolites in Brassica vegetables: A species-specific comparison of kale and pak choi 采前UV-B和低温对芸苔属蔬菜抗氧化次生代谢产物的相互作用：甘蓝和小白菜的种特异性比较。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111108

Zhengjie Ji , Huihui Liu , Tobias Pöhnl , Susanne Neugart

This study provides a direct comparison of UV-B radiation (0.5 kJ m⁻² d⁻¹) and low temperature (10/12 °C) on secondary metabolites and enzyme activities in kale and pak choi, assessing both carotenoids and phenolics and including Arabidopsis wild type and uvr8 mutant under identical conditions for mechanistic validation. UV-B induced rapid accumulation of lutein, β-carotene, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and kaempferol glycosides in kale, while in pak choi, long-term low temperature or UV-B treatments (3–5 days) triggered similar responses. Notably, combined stress triggered synergistic accumulation of specific phenolic compounds in both species. Low temperature increased antioxidant activity and UV-B enhanced the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase in both species; however, the interactive effects differed between species. Arabidopsis validation demonstrated the regulatory role of the UVR8 photoreceptor in mediating antioxidant responses and secondary metabolism under UV-B and low temperature. Taken together, exposure to UV-B radiation and low temperature according to species-specific responses could be a biotechnological tool to optimize the accumulation of bioactive compounds in Brassica vegetables, especially effective for vertical farming approaches.

本研究直接比较了UV-B辐射（0.5 kJ m-2 d-1）和低温（10/12°C）对羽衣甘蓝和白菜次生代谢产物和酶活性的影响，评估了类胡萝卜素和酚类物质，包括拟南芥野生型和uvr8突变体，在相同的条件下进行了机制验证。UV-B诱导羽衣甘蓝叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b和山奈酚苷的快速积累，而在小白菜中，长期低温或UV-B处理（3-5天）也会引起类似的反应。值得注意的是，联合应激触发了两种物种中特定酚类化合物的协同积累。低温提高了两种植物的抗氧化活性，UV-B增强了两种植物苯丙氨酸解氨酶和过氧化物酶的活性；然而，相互作用的影响在物种之间有所不同。拟南芥实验验证了UVR8光感受器在UV-B和低温条件下介导抗氧化反应和次生代谢中的调节作用。综上所述，根据物种特异性反应，暴露于UV-B辐射和低温下可能是优化芸苔属蔬菜生物活性化合物积累的生物技术工具，特别是对垂直种植方法有效。

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引用次数: 0

Role of abscisic acid receptor PYLs in mediating stress resistance of Zostera marina 脱落酸受体pyl在滨海小虫抗逆性中的作用。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111118

Huijiao Li , Yuechen Liu , Meng Wu , Yizeng Chang , Yaping Gao , Xianjun Fu , Lei Zhang

Abscisic acid (ABA), a pivotal plant hormone, regulates seed dormancy and germination, promotes leaf senescence and abscission, while enhancing plant stress resistance. The pyrabactin resistance 1-like (PYR/PYL) proteins function as core regulators in the ABA signaling transduction pathway. Despite Z. marina has ecological and economic benefits, there has been no research on its ZosmaPYL family so far. This study identified six ZosmaPYLs, all of which contain conserved ABA-binding gate and latch domains. Promoter analysis revealed ABA-responsive cis-elements in the ZosmaPYLs. Differential expression patterns of ZomaPYLs were observed across various tissues and under ABA stress conditions. Molecular simulations and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) verified the affinity between ZosmaPYLs and ABA, revealing that six ZosmaPYLs exhibit distinct affinities for ABA. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed ZosmaPP2C3/4 interactions with all ZosmaPYLs, whereas yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assays validate ABA-dependent binding between specific ZosmaPYLs and ZosmaPP2C3/4. The transcriptome data revealed that ABA stress induces organ-specific transcriptional remodeling in Z. marina leaves (photosynthesis) and roots (transport or antioxidants), MYB and NAC transcription factors (TFs) target-regulated ZosmaPYLs expression. These results suggest that ZosmaPYLs serve as a central regulator that connects ABA perception with stress-responsive pathways in Z. marina.

ABA （Abscisic acid， ABA）是调控种子休眠和萌发、促进叶片衰老和脱落、增强植物抗逆性的关键植物激素。PYR/PYL蛋白在ABA信号转导通路中起核心调节作用。尽管Z. marina具有生态效益和经济效益，但目前尚无对其ZosmaPYL家族的研究。本研究鉴定了6个zosmapyl，它们都含有保守的aba结合门和锁存结构域。启动子分析显示zosmapyl中有aba响应的顺式元件。在不同组织和ABA胁迫条件下，ZomaPYLs的表达模式存在差异。分子模拟和表面等离子体共振（SPR）验证了ZosmaPYLs与ABA的亲和力，结果表明6个ZosmaPYLs对ABA具有不同的亲和力。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络分析显示ZosmaPP2C3/4与所有ZosmaPYLs相互作用，而酵母双杂交（Y2H）实验证实特定的ZosmaPYLs与ZosmaPP2C3/4之间存在aba依赖的结合。转录组数据显示，ABA胁迫诱导了紫竹叶片（光合作用）和根系（运输或抗氧化）的器官特异性转录重塑，MYB和NAC转录因子（TFs）靶向调节ZosmaPYLs的表达。这些结果表明，ZosmaPYLs是连接ABA感知与Z. marina应激反应通路的中心调节因子。

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引用次数: 0

Chloroplast starch granules reflect solar radiation and protect plants from photo-oxidative stress under hypothermia 叶绿体淀粉颗粒反射太阳辐射，保护植物免受低温下的光氧化胁迫。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111145

Valery Popov

Starch is one of the primary products of photosynthesis, which accumulates in chloroplasts as discrete starch granules during the day and degrades throughout the night. It was found that Nicotiana tabacum L. showed a response to hypothermia by hyperaccumulation of starch in its leaves, whereas in Secale cereale L. cold acclimation was accompanied by a decrease of leaf starch. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the size of starch granules in tobacco chloroplasts during cold acclimation reached almost half of the chloroplast area, while in rye chloroplasts starch granules completely disappeared. The formation of large starch granules in tobacco chloroplasts resulted in a significant increase in absorbance of both isolated chloroplasts and leaves and also greatly increased plant resistance to photo-oxidative stress induced by high light and methylviologen. Starch granules of minimal size (less than 1% of chloroplast area) in rye had no effect on leaf and chloroplast absorbance and the plant resistance to photo-oxidative stress. It is suggested that large-sized starch granules can effectively reflect light and create a shading effect for both individual chloroplasts and the whole leaf. Reducing the intensity of chloroplast membrane illumination decreases the generation of reactive oxygen species during hypothermia and allows plants to avoid photo-oxidative damage. These results provide new insights into the function of leaf starch, and opens new future directions for fundamental research with potential applications to breeding of chilling-tolerant agronomically valuable varieties.

淀粉是光合作用的主要产物之一，白天在叶绿体中以离散的淀粉颗粒的形式积累，并在夜间降解。结果表明，烟草对低温的反应主要表现为叶片淀粉的过度积累，而黑麦则表现为叶片淀粉的减少。透射电镜显示，烟草在冷驯化过程中叶绿体淀粉颗粒的大小几乎达到叶绿体面积的一半，而黑麦叶绿体淀粉颗粒则完全消失。烟草叶绿体中淀粉大颗粒的形成使离体叶绿体和叶片的吸光度显著增加，也大大提高了植物对强光和甲基紫素诱导的光氧化胁迫的抗性。小淀粉粒（小于叶绿体面积的1%）对黑麦叶片和叶绿体吸光度及植株抗光氧化胁迫能力没有影响。由此可见，大粒径淀粉颗粒对单个叶绿体和整个叶片都能有效地反射光线并产生遮阳作用。降低叶绿体膜光照强度可减少低温期间活性氧的产生，使植物避免光氧化损伤。这些结果为研究叶片淀粉的功能提供了新的思路，并为今后的基础研究开辟了新的方向，在选育耐寒农艺价值品种方面具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying cadmium tolerance and hormesis effect in roots of Ligusticum sinense cv. Chuanxiong 川芎根耐镉及激效效应的分子生理机制。Chuanxiong。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111089

Shu-qi Niu , Ting Li , Xiu-wen Bao , Xiao-lin Qian , Fei-lin Yang , Sheng Wu , Shi-yao Li , Luo-luo Liang , Jing Bai , Si-jing Liu , Yang Li , Jin-lin Guo

Ligusticum sinense cv. Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong) is threatened by excessive cadmium (Cd), affecting its safety and quality. This study aimed to characterize Cd distribution in Chuanxiong roots (subcellular level) and clarify its key response mechanisms to Cd stress, using ICP-MS, SEM-EDS, and transcriptome analysis. The results showed that Cd was mainly enriched in root cell walls; Cd stress significantly upregulated the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO, +11.50 %), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD, +31.05 %), catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT, +28.28 %), and isocitrate lyase (ICL, +121.93 %) compared with the control; Cd-related genes (NRAMP5, CAX3, YSL7, etc.) and key transcription factors (BHLH162, ERF109, etc.) were markedly upregulated. Furthermore, Chuanxiong roots achieved growth-stress resistance balance (exhibiting hormesis) via the carbon metabolism pathway (the material and energy basis), the sulfur metabolism (the core detoxification pathway), and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (structural and chemical defense). This study provides a theoretical basis for developing precise regulatory techniques to reduce heavy metals (HMs) accumulation in medicinal plants, and thus safeguard their quality and safety.

川芎川芎（川芎）受到镉（Cd）超标的威胁，影响其安全和质量。本研究旨在通过ICP-MS、SEM-EDS和转录组分析等手段研究川芎根Cd在亚细胞水平的分布特征，并阐明其对Cd胁迫的关键响应机制。结果表明：Cd主要富集于根细胞壁；与对照相比，Cd胁迫显著上调了多酚氧化酶（PPO, + 11.50%）、肉桂醇脱氢酶（CAD, + 31.05%）、儿茶酚o -甲基转移酶（COMT, + 28.28%）和异柠檬酸裂解酶（ICL, + 121.93%）活性；cd相关基因（NRAMP5、CAX3、YSL7等）和关键转录因子（BHLH162、ERF109等）均显著上调。此外，川雄根通过碳代谢途径（物质和能量基础）、硫代谢途径（核心解毒途径）和苯丙类生物合成途径（结构和化学防御）实现了生长-抗逆性平衡（表现出刺激效应）。本研究为开发精准调控技术减少药用植物中重金属的积累，从而保障药用植物的质量安全提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome reveals key enzyme genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in Citrus aurantium L. 转录组和代谢组综合分析揭示了柑橘类黄酮生物合成的关键酶基因。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111144

Yan Wang , Wenqiang Chen , Ruiying Zhang , Peng Chen , Ying Lu , Yajie Zheng , Iain W. Wilson , Yuxiang Zhang , Jianhua Yuan , Han Yu , Deyou Qiu , Qi Tang

Aurantii Fructus is defined as the dried unripe fruit of Citrus aurantium L. and its cultivated varieties (Rutaceae family), typically harvested from late June to early July in China. Its primary bioactive components are flavonoids, along with volatile oils, alkaloids, and other pharmacologically active compounds. Although its pharmacological effects have been systematically investigated, the molecular mechanisms of its key flavonoids remain poorly understood. In this study, samples collected at eight harvesting periods were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A total of 20 compounds were identified, including 14 flavonoids, and the dynamic accumulation patterns of eight key flavonoid components were elucidated. Transcriptome sequencing generated 20.98 Gb of raw data, which, after alignment to the citrus genome, assembly, and correction, yielded 137,610 high-confidence consensus sequences with a 99.85% gene annotation rate. A comprehensive reconstruction of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway identified 35 key enzyme-encoding genes showing distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns. Furthermore, in this study, the specific functions of two key enzymes in the modification of C. aurantium L. flavonoids were experimentally validated through enzyme activity assays. O-methyltransferase was demonstrated to catalyze the conversion of naringenin to isosakuranetin, while glycosyltransferase was confirmed to mediate the biosynthesis of hesperetin-7-O-glucoside. Based on integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, a spatiotemporal regulatory network model for C. aurantium L. flavonoid components was constructed. This model not only provides a theoretical foundation for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis but also offers strategic insights for enhancing the content of pharmacologically active flavonoid components through targeted regulation.

金柑橘（Aurantii Fructus）是金柑橘（Citrus aurantium L.）及其栽培品种（芸香科）的干燥未成熟果实，在中国通常于6月下旬至7月初收获。它的主要生物活性成分是类黄酮，以及挥发油、生物碱和其他药理活性化合物。虽然其药理作用已被系统研究，但其关键类黄酮的分子机制仍知之甚少。在本研究中，采用超高效液相色谱法和电喷雾电离四极杆飞行时间质谱法对8个收获周期采集的样品进行了分析。共鉴定出20个化合物，其中黄酮类化合物14个，并对8个关键黄酮类化合物的动态积累规律进行了分析。转录组测序产生20.98 Gb的原始数据，经过与柑橘基因组比对、组装和校正，得到137610条高置信度的一致序列，基因注释率为99.85%。通过对黄酮类化合物生物合成途径的全面重建，鉴定出35个具有不同时空表达模式的关键酶编码基因。此外，本研究还通过酶活性测定实验验证了两个关键酶在金葡萄总黄酮修饰中的具体功能。o -甲基转移酶被证实可以催化柚皮素转化为异紫金苷，而糖基转移酶被证实可以介导橙皮素-7- o -葡萄糖苷的生物合成。基于代谢组学和转录组学综合分析，构建了黄酮成分时空调控网络模型。该模型不仅为阐明类黄酮生物合成调控机制提供了理论基础，也为通过靶向调控提高类黄酮药理活性成分含量提供了战略见解。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-omics profiling unveils drought adaptation mechanisms in the peat moss Sphagnum palustre 多组学分析揭示泥炭苔藓Sphagnum palustre的干旱适应机制。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111104

Ye Liu , Jiwen Ge , Ziwei Liu , Shiyu Yang , Xue Li , Nayab Ismaeel

Under the influence of global climate change, it is anticipated that the incidence and extent of drought conditions will increase in numerous regions across the globe. Sphagnum palustre, a dominant species in peatlands, is instrumental in maintaining hydrological regulation and enhancing carbon sequestration. However, the mechanisms underlying its drought response remain poorly characterized at the molecular and metabolic levels. This study analyzed the response of S. palustre to drought stress through integrated physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic approaches. Physiological results indicated that drought reduced the relative water content, chlorophyll and soluble protein content, while increased the content of soluble sugars and malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzyme activity. Transcriptomic profiling identified 21,145 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under drought stress. The DEGs associated with photosynthesis were significantly down-regulated, whereas those involved in other key pathways, such as hormone signal transduction, cutin and wax biosynthesis, and phenylalanine and linoleic acid metabolism, were significantly up-regulated. A total of 3668 differentially abundant metabolites were detected, with a significant accumulation of phenylpropanoids and flavonoids. Integrated multi-omics analyses highlight that S. palustre employs osmotic adjustment to enhance antioxidant defense, triggering adaptive responses through soluble sugar accumulation, hormone signaling, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, and activation of ATP-binding cassette transporters. These findings provide insights into bryophytes drought adaptation, facilitating predictions of peatland ecosystem resilience and guiding conservation strategies under climate change.

在全球气候变化的影响下，预计全球许多地区干旱的发生率和程度将会增加。泥炭地优势种Sphagnum palustre在维持水文调节和加强碳固存方面具有重要作用。然而，其干旱响应的机制在分子和代谢水平上仍然缺乏表征。本研究通过综合生理学、转录组学和代谢组学方法，分析了黄颡鱼（S. palustre）对干旱胁迫的响应。生理结果表明，干旱降低了相对含水量、叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量，提高了可溶性糖和丙二醛含量以及抗氧化酶活性。转录组学分析鉴定了干旱胁迫下21,145个差异表达基因（DEGs）。与光合作用相关的deg显著下调，而参与激素信号转导、角质和蜡质生物合成、苯丙氨酸和亚油酸代谢等其他关键途径的deg显著上调。共检测到3668种差异丰富的代谢物，其中苯丙素和黄酮类化合物积累显著。综合多组学分析表明，palustre通过渗透调节来增强抗氧化防御，通过可溶性糖积累、激素信号、苯丙素和类黄酮的生物合成以及atp结合盒转运体的激活来触发适应性反应。这些发现有助于了解苔藓植物的干旱适应，促进泥炭地生态系统恢复力的预测，并指导气候变化下的保护策略。

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