Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献_第4页

Quercetin promotes the recovery of iron chlorosis in strawberry plants 槲皮素能促进草莓植株铁萎黄病的恢复。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109266

Maribela Pestana , Teresa Saavedra , Florinda Gama , Maria A. Rodrigues , Amarilis de Varennes , José Paulo Da Silva , Pedro José Correia

Iron (Fe) chlorosis is very common in plants cultivated in calcareous soils of the Mediterranean basin and is usually corrected by the application of Fe chelates to the soil, which can have a negative impact on the environment. The aim of this experiment was to assess the role of quercetin, a natural compound widely present in plants and known to bind Fe, in correcting Fe chlorosis when supplied in the Hoagland nutrient solution. In this context, strawberry plants were grown at different Fe concentrations, with 0 (Fe0), 1 (Fe1) and 5 (Fe5) μM of Fe in the nutrient solution, until the onset of clear Fe chlorosis symptoms. Subsequently, the recovery of Fe chlorosis was investigated through the addition of Fe and/or quercetin (Q) to nutrient solutions. Throughout the experiment, leaf chlorophyll (Chl) was estimated using the SPAD values. The root ferric chelate-reductase (FCR) activity was determined in the root apices, and the foliar Fe concentration was also quantified. At the end of the experiment, plants grown without Fe but supplemented with Fe1 plus quercetin [Fe0+(Fe1+Q)] recovered completely from Fe chlorosis and showed a Chl concentration (700–800 μmol m⁻²) in young leaves similar to that observed in control plants (Fe5). The remaining treatments exhibited lower Chl concentrations, with values ranging from 92.4 to 217.0 μmol of Chl per m². FCR activity was approximately five-to six-fold higher in the Fe0+(Fe1+Q) treatment than in the Fe0 and Fe5 treatments. However, the plants that were consistently grown with Fe in the nutrient solution (Fe1 and Fe5) exhibited the highest Fe content in their leaves. The findings suggest that quercetin has the potential to function as an Fe complexing agent, thereby enhancing the recovery of strawberry plants with Fe deficiency.

在地中海盆地的石灰性土壤中栽培植物，铁（Fe）萎绿症非常常见，通常通过在土壤中施用铁螯合物来纠正，但这可能会对环境造成负面影响。本实验的目的是评估槲皮素（一种广泛存在于植物中的天然化合物，已知可与铁结合）在胡格兰营养液中对纠正铁萎黄病的作用。在这种情况下，草莓植株在不同的铁浓度下生长，营养液中的铁含量分别为 0（Fe0）、1（Fe1）和 5（Fe5）微摩尔，直到出现明显的铁褪绿症状。随后，通过在营养液中添加铁和/或槲皮素（Q），研究了铁萎黄病的恢复情况。在整个实验过程中，叶片叶绿素（Chl）是通过 SPAD 值估算的。根尖的铁螯合还原酶（FCR）活性被测定，叶片铁浓度也被量化。实验结束时，未添加铁元素但添加了 Fe1 和槲皮素的植株[Fe0+(Fe1+Q)]完全摆脱了铁元素萎黄病，其嫩叶中的 Chl 浓度（700-800 μmol m-2）与对照植株（Fe5）中的浓度相似。其余处理的叶绿素浓度较低，从每平方米 92.4 到 217.0 μmol 不等。与 Fe0 和 Fe5 处理相比，Fe0+（Fe1+Q）处理的 FCR 活性大约高出 5 到 6 倍。然而，在营养液中持续添加铁元素的植株（Fe1 和 Fe5）叶片中的铁元素含量最高。研究结果表明，槲皮素有可能作为一种铁络合剂，从而提高缺铁草莓植株的恢复能力。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling contribution and fate of nitrogen with 15N techniques affected by microbial co-inoculation on field-grown maize: A novel approach to optimize N-fertilizer use efficiency 利用 15N 技术揭示受田间种植玉米上微生物共同接种影响的氮的贡献和归宿：优化氮肥利用效率的新方法

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109261

Fernando Shintate Galindo , Paulo Humberto Pagliari , Edson Cabral da Silva , Bruno Horschut de Lima , Guilherme Carlos Fernandes , Cassio Carlette Thiengo , João Victor Silva Bernardes , Arshad Jalal , Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira , Gustavo Duprat dos Santos , Pedro Augusto Fedato Longato , Deyvison de Asevedo Soares , Lucila de Sousa Vilela , Reges Heinrichs , Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho , José Lavres

The objectives of this research were to: i) develop a mechanistic understanding of the synergy between microbial co-inoculation, nitrogen (N) fertilizer, and maize plants on biological ¹⁵N fixation, and ¹⁵N-recovery from applied fertilizers; and ii) explore the mechanist effects of microbial co-inoculation on N fractionations and derivation (fertilizer, atmosphere and soil), physiological responses on water use and carboxylation efficiencies and growth by using two different isotopic techniques under field conditions. Treatments included four seed inoculations (Control, B. subtilis, A. brasilense, and the combination of B. subtilis and A. brasilense), along with five levels of N application (0–240 kg N ha⁻¹). Overall, the results indicate that maize co-inoculation with the above-mentioned bacteria enhanced photosynthetic efficiency leading to improved carboxylation efficiency and instantaneous water use efficiency in maize plants, likely due to an increase in net photosynthetic rate. This effect was more evident under low N availability. The findings also suggest that co-inoculation enhanced the ability of maize plants to absorb CO₂, adjust to different soil N levels, and carry out photosynthesis, which resulted in higher carbon fixation and better maize growth. The N obtained from the atmosphere resulting from inoculation ranged from 25 to 50 kg N ha⁻¹. Nonetheless, N application rates exceeding 186 kg N ha⁻¹ substantially diminished the ability of these bacteria to fix N₂. The combination of inoculation with the application of 120–180 kg N ha⁻¹ led to a synergistic effect resulting in the greatest N-use efficiency, -recovery and grain yield.

本研究的目标是：i) 从机理上理解微生物联合接种、氮（N）肥料和玉米植物对生物 15N 固定和从施肥中回收 15N 的协同作用；ii) 在田间条件下，利用两种不同的同位素技术，探索微生物联合接种对氮的分馏和衍生（肥料、大气和土壤）、对水分利用和羧化效率的生理反应以及生长的机理影响。处理包括四种种子接种（对照、枯草芽孢杆菌、巴西芽孢杆菌以及枯草芽孢杆菌和巴西芽孢杆菌的组合），以及五种水平的氮施用量（0-240 千克氮公顷-1）。总之，研究结果表明，玉米与上述细菌共同接种可提高光合效率，从而改善玉米植株的羧化效率和瞬时水分利用效率，这可能是由于净光合速率的提高。在氮供应量低的情况下，这种效果更为明显。研究结果还表明，联合接种增强了玉米植株吸收二氧化碳、适应不同土壤氮水平和进行光合作用的能力，从而提高了碳固定量，改善了玉米的生长状况。接种后从大气中获得的氮在 25 至 50 千克/公顷之间。然而，氮的施用量超过每公顷 186 千克氮时，这些细菌固定 N2 的能力就会大大降低。将接种与施用 120-180 千克氮（每公顷）结合起来可产生协同效应，从而获得最高的氮利用效率、氮回收率和谷物产量。

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引用次数: 0

Combining transcriptome and metabolome analyses to reveal the response of maize roots to Pb stress 结合转录组和代谢组分析揭示玉米根系对铅胁迫的响应

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109265

Xiaoxiang Zhang , Bin Zhao , Xingye Ma , Xining Jin , Shilin Chen , Pingxi Wang , Guan Zhongrong , Xiangyuan Wu , Huaisheng Zhang

As a major food crop, maize (Zea mays L.) is facing a serious threat of lead (Pb) pollution. Research into its Pb tolerance is crucial for ensuring food security and human health, however, the molecular mechanism underlying the response to Pb remains incompletely understood. Here, we investigated the transcriptomic and metabolome of two maize lines (BY001, a Pb-resistant line; BY006, a Pb-sensitive line) under different concentrations of Pb stress (0, 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/L). The results showed that BY001 performed well, whereas the BY006 exhibited minimal development of lateral roots upon exposure to high concentration of Pb. The antioxidant enzyme activity of BY001 remained relatively stable, while that of BY006 declined significantly. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that under high concentration of Pb stress, BY001 produced 5057 differentially expressed genes, whereas BY006 produced 3374. Functional annotation showed that these genes were primarily involved in carbohydrate metabolism, root growth, and plant resistance to external Pb stress. Further untargeted metabolomics indicated that Pb stress triggered distinct alterations in the levels of 47 diverse metabolite types across 13 distinct classes, particularly amino acids, carbohydrates, and organic acids. A conjoint omics analysis suggested that the pathways of starch and sucrose metabolism, as well as cutin, suberin, and wax biosynthesis in BY001, play a key role in the Pb resistance. These findings elucidate the biological mechanisms employed by maize to counter the effects of Pb stress, and provide a basis for breeding of maize cultivars with low Pb accumulation or tolerance.

作为一种主要的粮食作物，玉米（Zea mays L.）正面临着铅（Pb）污染的严重威胁。研究玉米对铅的耐受性对确保粮食安全和人类健康至关重要，然而，人们对其对铅的反应的分子机制仍然不甚了解。在此，我们研究了两个玉米品系（抗铅品系 BY001 和铅敏感品系 BY006）在不同浓度的铅胁迫（0、500、1000、2000 和 3000 mg/L）下的转录组和代谢组。结果表明，在高浓度铅胁迫下，BY001 表现良好，而 BY006 的侧根发育极少。BY001 的抗氧化酶活性保持相对稳定，而 BY006 的抗氧化酶活性则显著下降。转录组分析表明，在高浓度铅胁迫下，BY001 产生了 5057 个差异表达基因，而 BY006 产生了 3374 个。功能注释表明，这些基因主要参与碳水化合物代谢、根系生长和植物对外部铅胁迫的抵抗。进一步的非靶向代谢组学研究表明，铅胁迫引发了 13 个不同类别的 47 种不同代谢物水平的明显变化，尤其是氨基酸、碳水化合物和有机酸。一项联合组学分析表明，BY001 中的淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径以及角质素、单宁和蜡的生物合成在抗铅性中起着关键作用。这些发现阐明了玉米抵御铅胁迫影响的生物机制，为培育低铅积累或耐受铅的玉米品种提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Four ClEF1A genes involved in self-incompatibility in 'Xiangshui Lemon' confer early fowering and increase stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis 参与'响水柠檬'自交不亲和的四个 ClEF1A 基因赋予转基因拟南芥早期开花并提高其抗逆性。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109255

Moying Lan , Kaijiang Li , Cong Luo, Yuze Li, Yuan Liu, Yi Nai, Wanli Hu, Guixiang Huang, Xinhua He

The plant elongation factor eEF1A is involved in coregulating not only the translation of proteins and controlling translation-related signaling but also in signaling associated with cell growth, stress response and motility, controlling apoptosis and responding to adversity in plants. In this study, four eEF1A genes, namely, ClEF1A-1, ClEF1A-2, ClEF1A-3 and ClEF1A-4, were identified from the genomic and ubiquitin-modified omics data of the 'Xiangshui Lemon', and bioinformatics analysis revealed that these four genes have relatively similar structures with conserved sequences; ClEF1A-1 and ClEF1A-4 were highly expressed in pollen, and temporal expression analysis demonstrated that the expression of ClEF1As was significantly greater under self-pollination than under cross-pollination. All four genes were localized in the nucleus. ClEF1As overexpression promoted early flowering and improved drought and salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Yeast two-hybrid assays revealed that ClEF1As interacted with F-box, eIF3-G, the organ-specific-like protein S2, AGL62, S₁-RNase, S₂-RNase, S₃-RNase and S₄-RNase. This study demonstrated the functions of ClEF1As and provided a baseline for further studies on the associations of ClEF1As with self-incompatibility and abiotic stresses.

植物延伸因子 eEF1A 不仅参与核心调节蛋白质的翻译和控制与翻译相关的信号转导，还参与与植物细胞生长、胁迫反应和运动相关的信号转导，控制细胞凋亡和应对逆境。本研究从'响水柠檬'的基因组和泛素修饰的组学数据中发现了四个eEF1A基因，即ClEF1A-1、ClEF1A-2、ClEF1A-3和ClEF1A-4，并通过生物信息学分析发现这四个基因具有相对相似的结构和保守序列；ClEF1A-1和ClEF1A-4在花粉中高表达，时间表达分析表明，自花授粉时ClEF1As的表达量明显高于异花授粉时。这四个基因都定位于细胞核中。在转基因拟南芥植株中，ClEF1As的过表达促进了提早开花，并提高了对干旱和盐胁迫的耐受性。酵母双杂交实验发现，ClEF1As与F-box、eIF3-G、器官特异性样蛋白S2、AGL62、S1-RNase、S2-RNase、S3-RNase和S4-RNase相互作用。这项研究证明了ClEF1As的功能，并为进一步研究ClEF1As与自相容性和非生物胁迫的关系提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging Arabidopsis roots exhibit hypersensitive gravitropism associated with distinctive auxin synthesis and polar transport within the elongation zone 拟南芥新生根系表现出超敏的重吸收能力，这与伸长区内独特的辅助素合成和极性运输有关。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109257

Xinyu Li, Jiahui Liu, Ziwei Li, Ai Chen, Ruoxin Zhao, Shi Xu, Xianyong Sheng

Gravitropism is crucial for plants to secure light, water, and minerals essential for developing seedlings. Despite its importance, the gravitropism of young roots remains largely unexplored. Herein, we reported that the emerging Arabidopsis roots exhibit hypersensitive gravitropism compared to mature roots, growing relatively slowly but bending exceptionally rapidly. This rapid gravibending is characterized by substantial growth inhibition and a distinctive auxin accumulation on the lower side of the elongation zone. Intriguingly, surgical experiments suggest that these auxins predominantly originate from the elongation zone rather than from the shoot or root cap. However, their asymmetrical distribution is heavily modulated by the root cap. Confocal analysis of GFP-tagged TAA1 further confirms that gravitational stimulus induces active auxin biosynthesis in the elongation zone of nascent roots but not in mature roots. Furthermore, mutations in the PIN proteins, especially PIN2, severely impair the rapid gravitropic responses in emerging roots. Interestingly, PIN2 in nascent roots is not confined to the epidermis and cortex but extends to the endodermis, contrasting with its distribution in mature roots. Gravitational stimulation leads to a marked asymmetrical distribution of PIN2 between the upper and lower sides of the roots, which is strongly inhibited by surgical removal of the root cap. These observations indicate that gravitational stimulation triggers active auxin synthesis and PIN protein-mediated lateral transport within the elongation zone of emerging roots, resulting in swift gravitropic responses. These results offer an intriguing enhancement and expansion to the mechanism of root gravitropism.

引力对于植物获得幼苗生长所需的光照、水分和矿物质至关重要。尽管其重要性不言而喻，但幼根的向心力在很大程度上仍未得到研究。在本文中，我们发现与成熟根相比，拟南芥新生根表现出超敏的向重力，其生长速度相对较慢，但弯曲速度极快。这种快速重力弯曲的特点是生长受到严重抑制，并在伸长区的下侧出现明显的辅助素积累。有趣的是，外科实验表明，这些辅酶主要来自伸长区，而不是芽或根帽。然而，它们的不对称分布在很大程度上受到根帽的调节。对 GFP 标记的 TAA1 的共焦分析进一步证实，重力刺激会诱导新生根伸长区的活性辅素生物合成，但不会诱导成熟根的活性辅素生物合成。此外，PIN 蛋白（尤其是 PIN2）的突变会严重影响新生根的快速重力反应。有趣的是，新生根中的 PIN2 并不局限于表皮和皮层，而是延伸到了内皮，这与它在成熟根中的分布形成了鲜明对比。重力刺激会导致 PIN2 在根的上下两侧明显不对称分布，而手术切除根帽会强烈抑制这种现象。这些观察结果表明，重力刺激会在新生根的伸长区引发活跃的辅素合成和 PIN 蛋白介导的侧向运输，从而产生迅速的重力反应。这些结果为根系引力机制提供了令人感兴趣的改进和扩展。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of green and UVA spectra, and pre-harvest treatments on biomass and metabolite yields of indoor cultivated stevia rebaudiana 绿光谱和 UVA 光谱以及收获前处理对室内栽培甜叶菊生物量和代谢物产量的影响

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109252

Narendren Rengasamy , Rofina Yasmin Othman , Hang Seng Che , Jennifer Ann Harikrishna

Stevia rebaudiana is a high-value crop due to the strong commercial demand for its metabolites (steviol glycosides, SG) as an organic low-caloric sweetener with up to 300 times the sweetness of conventional sugar. Two experiments were conducted in this study. In the first experiment, treatments with varying green (GR1 & GR2), UVA (UV1 & UV2) and treatments that had both (UVGR1, UVGR2) were used. In the second experiment, separate set of plants were grown under base red-blue (RB) and natural sunlight before being transferred to GR2, UV2, UVGR2, and monochromatic light treatments of blue, green and UVA, for 3 and 10 days before harvest. RB and sunlight were used as the control for artificial and natural light respectively. Plants grown under the UVGR1 had the highest dry leaf biomass accumulation of 4.75 g plant⁻¹ (P < 0.05), 458% and 660% higher than the RB (0.98 g plant⁻¹) and natural sunlight (0.72 g plant⁻¹) controls. UVA had the highest metabolite (Stevioside + Rebaudioside A) concentration of 27% (P < 0.05) compared to the RB and sunlight controls at 17.24% and 15% respectively. The 10 day pre-harvest treatment with blue supplemented light yielded a dry biomass of 1.87 g plant^-1, a 190% increase compared to the RB control. However, the 3 day pre-harvest treatment had higher metabolite yields improvements compared to 10 day treatments with the highest yield obtained of 21.10% in 3-day pre-harvest irradiation that had supplemental UVA and blue light. UVGR1 was the most productive lighting strategy, resulting in the highest overall metabolite yield per plant.

甜叶菊（Stevia rebaudiana）是一种高价值作物，因为其代谢产物（甜菊糖苷，SG）作为一种有机低热量甜味剂，其甜度是传统蔗糖的 300 倍，商业需求旺盛。本研究进行了两项实验。在第一项实验中，使用了不同绿度（GR1 & GR2）、UVA（UV1 & UV2）的处理，以及两者都有的处理（UVGR1、UVGR2）。在第二项实验中，在收获前 3 天和 10 天，分别将一组植物置于红-蓝光（RB）和自然光下，然后再分别转到 GR2、UV2、UVGR2 以及蓝光、绿光和 UVA 的单色光处理中。RB 和阳光分别作为人工光照和自然光照的对照。在 UVGR1 下生长的植物干叶生物量积累最高，为 4.75 g plant-1（P < 0.05），比 RB（0.98 g plant-1）和自然光（0.72 g plant-1）对照分别高 458% 和 660%。UVA 的代谢物（甜菊糖甙 + 甜菊糖甙 A）浓度最高，达到 27% (P < 0.05)，而 RB 和日照对照分别为 17.24% 和 15%。收获前 10 天的蓝光补充处理产生的干生物量为 1.87 g plant-1，比 RB 对照组增加了 190%。然而，与 10 天处理相比，收获前 3 天处理的代谢物产量提高了，收获前 3 天补充 UVA 和蓝光照射的产量最高，达到 21.10%。UVGR1 是产量最高的光照策略，每株植物的总代谢物产量最高。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to "From non-coding RNAs to histone modification: The epigenetic mechanisms in tomato fruit ripening and quality regulation" [Plant Physiol. Biochem. 215 (2024), 109070]. 从非编码 RNA 到组蛋白修饰：番茄果实成熟和品质调控的表观遗传机制" [Plant Physiol.

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109102

Shengbo Chen, Jiazhen Han, Shu Wu, Shangjing Guo, Yufei Tang, Yujing Zheng, Lei Hu, Xingxing Zhang, Peng Zhang, Haifeng Zhang, Guodong Ren, Shuai Gao

引用次数: 0

Nutritional stress in plants: Understanding sensing and resilience 植物的营养压力：了解感应和恢复能力

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109207

Andrea Galatro, Susana Gallego, Carlos García-Mata, Ramiro Lascano, Guillermo E. Santa-María

引用次数: 0

Editorial to special issue on Photosynthetic organisms for sustainable development. 为 "光合生物促进可持续发展 "特刊撰写社论。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109263

Giorgio Perin, Alexandra Dubini, Francesco Milano, Joanna Kargul, Maya Dimova Lambreva

引用次数: 0

Mechanism of foliar application of boron to alleviate cadmium toxicity in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 叶面喷施硼缓解冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）镉毒性的机理。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109264

Mengchan Xie, Yifan Feng, Peng Zhao, Zhaojun Nie, Hongen Liu, Wei Gao, Chang Li, Fuqing Sui, Long Wang, Shiyu Qin (秦世玉)

Our previous work shown that boron (B) can inhibit cadmium (Cd) absorption in winter wheat, while the mechanism is not well understood. In this study, the mechanism of foliage spray B on Cd uptake in Cd-contaminated farmland was characterized with three treatments: spraying distilled water (CK), spraying 0.3% B fertilizer (F0.3%), and spraying 0.6% B fertilizer (F0.6%). The spraying treatment was conducted during the jointing stage and booting stage, respectively. The objective was to investigate the impact of different concentrations of B fertilizer application on Cd content, yield, physiological biochemical response, Cd transporter in wheat. Results showed that the yield increased with increasing B spray concentration compared with CK treatment. The wheat yield increased by 1.29%∼12.50% under foliar B application. The Cd concentration in both shoot and root of wheat seedlings were significantly decreased with foliar application of B at jointing stage and booting stage. The Cd concentrations in root and seed were also decreased with B treatment at maturity stage, especially after treatment with F0.6%, the Cd absorption in wheat grains exhibited a significant reduction of 31.20%. In addition, foliar application of B significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities, include APX, SOD, CAT, and POD. Compared with CK, the MDA content in leaves showed a significant decrease with 30.48%–50.14%, while the GSH content showed an increase with 76.32%–1.05%. The down-regulation of the uptake and transport genes (TaNramp5, TaLCT1 and TaHMA2) and the up-regulation of compartmentalization transport genes (TaTM20 and TaHMA3) may contribute to the reduction of Cd accumulation in shoot. Overall, our results suggest that foliar spraying of B could increase B accumulation and yield, and alleviate Cd toxicity by reducing Cd uptake, enhancing the antioxidant capacity, regulating the expression of Cd genes in wheat.

我们之前的研究表明，硼（B）可以抑制冬小麦对镉（Cd）的吸收，但其机制尚不清楚。本研究采用三种处理，即喷洒蒸馏水（CK）、喷洒 0.3% 的硼肥（F0.3%）和喷洒 0.6% 的硼肥（F0.6%），研究了叶面喷施硼肥对镉污染农田中镉吸收的机理。喷洒处理分别在接穗期和出苗期进行。目的是研究施用不同浓度硼肥对小麦镉含量、产量、生理生化反应和镉转运体的影响。结果表明，与 CK 处理相比，随着硼肥喷施浓度的增加，产量也随之增加。叶面喷施硼肥的小麦产量增加了 1.29%∼12.50%。在拔节期和出苗期叶面喷施硼后，小麦幼苗的芽和根中的镉浓度都明显降低。成熟期叶面喷施硼处理后，小麦根部和种子中的镉浓度也有所下降，尤其是 F0.6% 叶面喷施硼处理后，小麦籽粒中的镉吸收量明显下降了 31.20%。此外，叶面喷施硼能显著提高抗氧化酶活性，包括 APX、SOD、CAT 和 POD。与 CK 相比，叶片中的 MDA 含量明显下降了 30.48%-50.14%，而 GSH 含量则增加了 76.32%-1.05%。吸收和转运基因（TaNramp5、TaLCT1 和 TaHMA2）的下调和分区转运基因（TaTM20 和 TaHMA3）的上调可能有助于减少镉在芽中的积累。总之，我们的研究结果表明，叶面喷施硼可以增加硼的积累和产量，并通过减少小麦对镉的吸收、提高抗氧化能力、调节镉基因的表达来减轻镉的毒性。

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引用次数: 0