Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献_第3页

The response of DNA methyltransferase and demethylase genes to abiotic stresses in tomato seedling 番茄幼苗 DNA 甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶基因对非生物胁迫的响应

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109276

Xuejuan Pan, Zesheng Liu, Li Feng, Chunlei Wang, Chan Liu, Ailing Li, Kangding Yao, Weibiao Liao

DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating plant growth, development and gene expression. However, less is known about the response of DNA methyltransferase and demethylase genes to various stresses. In this study, the effects of abiotic stresses on DNA methylation gene expression patterns in tomato seedlings were investigated. Results showed that most tomato DNA methyltransferase and demethylase genes contained stress-related elements. The expression of SlDML1 was significantly induced by cadmium (Cd) and sodium chloride (NaCl) stresses. SlDML2 was more sensitive and reached its maximum value under polyethylene (PEG) stress at 24 h. The expression of SlMET3L was repressed to varying degrees under Cd, NaCl and PEG stresses at 48 h. However, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-azadC) treatment decreased the Cd and PEG stress tolerance by down-regulating the expression of DNA methyltransferase except for the SlMET3L, and up-regulating the expression levels of SlDML2, SlDML3 and SlDML4, cadmium transporters (SlHMA5, SlCAX3, and SlACC3) and osmoregulators (SlDREB, SlLEA and SlHSP70). Whereas 5-azadC treatment alleviated the salt stress through up-regulating DNA methyltransferase gene expression, and down-regulating the expression level of SlDML1, SlDML3, and SlDML4, SlHKT1, SlNHX1, and SlSOS1. Collectively, 5-azadC impaired Cd and PEG stress tolerance and enhanced salt stress tolerance by regulating the expression of methylation-related and stress-related genes in tomato seedlings. These results may provide useful information for further analysing function and evolution of DNA methylation methyltransferase and demethylase genes in tomato under stress conditions.

DNA 甲基化在调节植物生长、发育和基因表达方面发挥着重要作用。然而，人们对 DNA 甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶基因对各种胁迫的反应知之甚少。本研究调查了非生物胁迫对番茄幼苗 DNA 甲基化基因表达模式的影响。结果表明，大多数番茄DNA甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶基因都含有胁迫相关元素。镉（Cd）和氯化钠（NaCl）胁迫显著诱导 SlDML1 的表达。在镉胁迫、氯化钠胁迫和 PEG 胁迫下，SlMET3L 的表达在 48 小时内受到不同程度的抑制。然而，5-氮杂-2'-脱氧胞苷（5-azadC）处理通过下调除SlMET3L以外的DNA甲基转移酶的表达，上调SlDML2、SlDML3和SlDML4、镉转运体（SlHMA5、SlCAX3和SlACC3）和渗透调节剂（SlDREB、SlLEA和SlHSP70）的表达水平，降低了镉和PEG胁迫的耐受性。而5-azadC通过上调DNA甲基转移酶基因的表达，下调SlDML1、SlDML3和SlDML4、SlHKT1、SlNHX1和SlSOS1的表达水平，缓解了盐胁迫。总之，5-azadC 通过调节甲基化相关基因和胁迫相关基因的表达，削弱了番茄幼苗对 Cd 和 PEG 胁迫的耐受性，增强了对盐胁迫的耐受性。这些结果可为进一步分析胁迫条件下番茄 DNA 甲基化甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶基因的功能和进化提供有用信息。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison analysis of ABCG subfamily in bamboo and the potential function of PeABCG15 in monolignol transport 竹子中 ABCG 亚家族的比较分析以及 PeABCG15 在单木质素转运中的潜在功能。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109278

Hui Li , Ziyang Li , Kebin Yang , Zeming Lin , Chenglei Zhu , Yan Liu , Zhimin Gao

Lignin is a principal component of secondary cell wall and plays vital roles in various biological processes. In this study, 68 and 42 members of ABC transporter G subfamily (ABCG) were identified in Bambusa amplexicaulis and Olyra latifolia, which were less than that of 77 in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Collinearity analysis showed that ABCGs had undergone robust purifying selection with lower functional differentiation. These ABCGs were clustered into two clades of WBC and PDR. Notably, PeABCG15 was highly expressed with the lignification of bamboo shoot. The WGCNA revealed that PeABCG15 was co-expressed with eight MYB genes, among which PeMYB203 was able to activate PeABCG15 validated by Y1H, DLR, and GUS assays. Furthermore, over-expressing PeABCG15 significantly enhanced the content of lignin and the expression levels of monolignol biosynthetic genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, conferring improved tolerance to exogenous coniferyl alcohol. Collectively, our findings elucidated the prospective contribution of PeABCG15 to monolignol transport, providing insights into the lignin biosynthesis mechanism in bamboo.

木质素是次生细胞壁的主要成分，在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用。本研究在文竹和毛竹中分别发现了 68 个和 42 个 ABC 转运体 G 亚家族成员，少于毛竹中的 77 个。共线性分析表明，ABCGs经历了强有力的纯化选择，功能分化程度较低。这些 ABCGs 被聚类为 WBC 和 PDR 两个支系。值得注意的是，PeABCG15 在竹笋木质化过程中高表达。WGCNA显示，PeABCG15与8个MYB基因共表达，其中PeMYB203能够激活PeABCG15，Y1H、DLR和GUS实验验证了这一点。此外，过表达 PeABCG15 能显著提高拟南芥中木质素的含量和单木质素生物合成基因的表达水平，从而提高拟南芥对外源针叶醇的耐受性。总之，我们的研究结果阐明了PeABCG15对单木酚转运的预期贡献，为竹子的木质素生物合成机制提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

Riboflavin improves postharvest cold tolerance in zucchini fruit inducing non-enzymatic antioxidant response and phenolic metabolism 核黄素能提高西葫芦果实的采后耐寒性，诱导非酶抗氧化反应和酚代谢

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109270

Alejandro Castro-Cegrí, Alicia García, Dolores Garrido, Francisco Palma

The storage of zucchini fruit at low temperatures during postharvest induces a physiological disorder called chilling injury that drastically reduces fruit quality and shelf life. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in the acquisition of cold tolerance in zucchini fruit, being the riboflavin pathway one of the most differentially induced with ABA treatment. Thus, the aim of this work was to elucidate the involvement of riboflavin in quality maintenance of zucchini fruit during postharvest cold storage. After testing different concentrations of exogenous riboflavin, 0.5 mM showed the best results. Riboflavin treatment reduced H₂O₂ content, but the enzymatic antioxidant defense did not change significantly. This response is due to a rise of non-enzymatic antioxidant defense, by accumulating metabolites like ascorbate and carotenoids, as well as inducing phenolic metabolism. The application of this vitamin enhanced the phenolic and flavonoid content in fruit, concomitant with an induction of PAL and C4H activities and an inhibition of PPO activity. This enhancement of the phenylpropanoid pathway resulted in high vanillic acid and quercetin levels at first day of cold storage. The induction of numerous antioxidant compounds and abscisic acid by riboflavin treatment at short-term postharvest period could be responsible for the lack of chilling injuries in zucchini fruit. Therefore, riboflavin could be successfully implemented in the food industry as an alternative to physical or chemical treatments, due to it is an innocuous additive with good water solubility and low cost, as it prolongs the shelf-life of zucchini fruit and increases its nutraceutical properties.

西葫芦果实在采后低温条件下贮藏会诱发一种称为冷害的生理紊乱，从而大大降低果实的品质和货架期。植物激素脱落酸（ABA）参与了西葫芦果实耐寒性的获得，而核黄素途径是 ABA 处理中诱导差异最大的途径之一。因此，本研究旨在阐明核黄素在西葫芦果实采后冷藏过程中对品质保持的作用。在测试了不同浓度的外源核黄素后，0.5 mM 的效果最佳。核黄素处理降低了 H2O2 含量，但酶抗氧化防御能力没有显著变化。这种反应是由于通过积累抗坏血酸和类胡萝卜素等代谢物以及诱导酚类代谢，提高了非酶抗氧化防御能力。施用这种维生素能提高果实中的酚类和类黄酮含量，同时诱导 PAL 和 C4H 活性，抑制 PPO 活性。苯丙酮途径的增强导致冷藏第一天的香草酸和槲皮素含量较高。核黄素处理在采后短期内诱导了大量抗氧化化合物和脱落酸，这可能是西葫芦果实未受冷害的原因。因此，核黄素是一种无害添加剂，具有良好的水溶性和低成本，可延长西葫芦果实的货架期并增加其营养保健特性，因此可成功地应用于食品工业，作为物理或化学处理的替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Discovery and functional characterization of two novel glycosyltransferases associated with the biosynthesis of α-hederin in Dipsacus asperoides 发现与 Dipsacus asperoides 中 α-hederin 生物合成有关的两种新型糖基转移酶并确定其功能特征。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109273

Weilin Yao , Tengfei Niu , Jie Pan , Xiaolin Yang , Chaokang Huang , Huida Guan , Li Yang , Zhengtao Wang , Rufeng Wang

Triterpenoid saponins are crucial natural products widely distributed in various medicinal plants, with Dipsacus asperoides being particularly rich in these compounds. However, the glycosyltransferases responsible for the biosynthesis of α-hederin, one of the primary bioactive secondary metabolites in D. asperoides, have not been elucidated. In this study, transcriptomic and compound analyses revealed 359 differentially expressed genes associated with secondary metabolism, with 271 involved in triterpenoid saponin glycosylation. Through correlation analysis, 71 candidate glycosyltransferases were identified, and two novel glycosyltransferases were functionally characterized. It was shown that DaUGT121 catalyzes the conversion of hederagenin into cauloside A, while DaUGT103 acts as a cauloside A 1,2-rhamnosyltransferase transforming cauloside A into α-hederin. These findings illuminate the biosynthesis of triterpenoid saponins in D. asperoides, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms and offering novel tools for synthesizing natural products with diverse sugar moieties.

三萜类皂苷是广泛分布于各种药用植物中的重要天然产物，其中 Dipsacus asperoides 尤为富含此类化合物。然而，负责α-hederin（D. asperoides 的主要生物活性二级代谢产物之一）生物合成的糖基转移酶尚未阐明。在这项研究中，转录组和化合物分析发现了 359 个与次生代谢相关的差异表达基因，其中 271 个基因参与了三萜类皂苷的糖基化。通过相关分析，确定了 71 个候选糖基转移酶，并对两个新型糖基转移酶进行了功能鉴定。研究表明，DaUGT121 可催化赫尔德皂苷向 cauloside A 的转化，而 DaUGT103 则作为 cauloside A 1,2 鼠李糖基转移酶，将 cauloside A 转化为 α-hederin。这些发现揭示了 D. asperoides 三萜类皂苷的生物合成过程，提供了对分子机制的深入了解，并为合成具有不同糖分子的天然产品提供了新的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Involvement of UDP-glycosyltransferase of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers in quercitrin biosynthesis and consequent antioxidant defense Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers 的 UDP-糖基转移酶参与槲皮素的生物合成和抗氧化防御。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109274

Chenglang Pan , Xianfeng Wang , Yunjie Xie , Chonglong Wei , Xiaohong Sun , Shenshen Zhang , Xiangzhen Yu , Xiaofeng Chen , Xi Chen , Caijin Tuo , Jiazeng Pan , Zhizhen Fang , Jianming Chen

Plants in the Crassulaceae family are rich in flavonoids, which may contribute to their high antioxidant activity and strong tolerance to abiotic stresses. Kalanchoe spp. are known to have high antioxidant activity, but the main components responsible for this activity and the mechanisms that control antioxidant accumulation in these plants are unknown. In this study, we identified the dominant flavonoid and investigated the mechanisms of its accumulation in Kalanchoe leaves. A wide metabolomics analysis showed that flavonoids were the most enriched metabolites in the leaves of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers, Kalanchoe delagoensis (Eckl. et Zeyh.) Druce, and Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi ‘Rosy Dawn’. Among these metabolites, levels of quercitrin were significantly higher in K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers than in the other two species. RNA-seq and targeted metabolomics analyses conducted on four different K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers tissues indicated that UDP-glycosyltransferase regulates the synthesis of quercitrin. Using in vitro enzyme assays and overexpression in tobacco we demonstrated that KpUGT74F catalyzes glycosylation of quercetin to produce quercitrin. This study identified the major antioxidant substances and their key regulatory mechanisms in Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers to provide an important theoretical basis for understanding the high stress tolerance of these plants.

菊科植物富含黄酮类化合物，这可能是它们具有高抗氧化活性和对非生物胁迫具有较强耐受力的原因。众所周知，Kalanchoe 属植物具有很高的抗氧化活性，但导致这种活性的主要成分以及控制这些植物中抗氧化剂积累的机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们确定了主要的黄酮类化合物，并研究了其在 Kalanchoe 叶片中的积累机制。广泛的代谢组学分析表明，类黄酮是 Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers、Kalanchoe delagoensis (Eckl. et Zeyh.) Druce 和 Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi 'Rosy Dawn'叶片中含量最高的代谢物。在这些代谢物中，K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers 的槲皮素含量明显高于其他两个物种。对四种不同的 K. pinnata (Lam.) Pers 组织进行的 RNA-seq 和靶向代谢组学分析表明，UDP-糖基转移酶调节槲皮素的合成。通过体外酶测定和在烟草中的过表达，我们证明了 KpUGT74F 催化槲皮素的糖基化以产生槲皮素。这项研究确定了 Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers 的主要抗氧化物质及其关键调控机制，为了解这些植物的高抗逆性提供了重要的理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Building a protective shield: The role of wound healing in reducing postharvest decay and preserving quality of citrus fruit 建立保护罩：伤口愈合在减少柑橘类水果采后腐烂和保持品质方面的作用。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109272

Xiaoquan Gao , Wenjun Wang , Ou Chen , Jian Huang , Kaifang Zeng

Postharvest citrus fruit is susceptible to pathogenic infestation and quality reduction through wounds, leading to tremendous commercial losses. Herein, wound healing of citrus fruit was obviously at 25 °C for five days to form a barrier effective against the development of infectious diseases and water dissipation. Combined with the results of transcriptional and metabolic levels, wound healing activated the expression of CsKCS4, CsKCS11, CsCYP704B1, CsFAH1, CsGPAT3 and CsGPAT9 genes in suberin biosynthesis pathway, and CsPMEI7, CsCesA-D3, CsXTH2, CsXTH6, CsXTH22, CsXTH23, CsXTH24, CsC4H and CsCAD genes in cell wall metabolism pathway, leading to the accumulation of suberin monomers and cell wall components. The results of microscopic observations proved wound healing promoted suberin deposition and cell wall strengthening. Meanwhile, wound healing required the provision of energy and precursor substances by carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism. We provide new insights into the regulatory mechanism of wound healing on improving disease resistance and maintaining the quality of citrus fruit.

柑橘类水果采后很容易受到病原体侵染，并通过伤口降低品质，从而导致巨大的商业损失。在本文中，柑橘果实的伤口愈合明显是在 25 °C、持续五天的条件下进行的，以形成一道有效的屏障，防止柑橘果实感染病害和水分散失。结合转录和代谢水平的研究结果，伤口愈合激活了果胶生物合成途径中 CsKCS4、CsKCS11、CsCYP704B1、CsFAH1、CsGPAT3 和 CsGPAT9 基因的表达、以及细胞壁代谢途径中的 CsPMEI7、CsCesA-D3、CsXTH2、CsXTH6、CsXTH22、CsXTH23、CsXTH24、CsC4H 和 CsCAD 基因，从而导致了单体小檗素和细胞壁成分的积累。显微镜观察结果证明，伤口愈合促进了单胶的沉积和细胞壁的强化。同时，伤口愈合需要碳水化合物代谢和氨基酸代谢提供能量和前体物质。我们对伤口愈合对提高柑橘抗病性和保持果实品质的调控机制有了新的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Infection of tomato plants by tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) potentiates the ethylene and salicylic acid pathways to fend off root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) parasitism 番茄黄叶卷曲病毒（TYLCV）感染番茄植株后会增强乙烯和水杨酸途径抵御根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）寄生的能力

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109271

Ayub Azaryan, Mohammad Reza Atighi, Masoud Shams-Bakhsh

In nature, it is common for plants to be infected by multiple pathogens simultaneously, and deciphering the underlying mechanisms of such interactions has remained elusive. The occurrence of root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita, and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV; Begomovirus coheni) has been reported in most tomato cultivation areas. We investigated the interaction between RKN and TYLCV in tomato plants at phenotypic, biochemical, and gene expression levels. Several treatments were considered including mock inoculation, inoculation with TYLCV or RKN alone, simultaneous inoculation with both TYLCV and RKN, and sequential inoculations with a five-day interval. Among them, simultaneous inoculation showed the highest impact on RKN suppression compared to mock-inoculated plants. Biochemical assays in the time-point experiments demonstrated that the pick of defense capacity of plants occurs at 48- and 72-h post-inoculation. Gene expression analyses utilizing marker genes from main hormonal pathways involved in plant defense, including salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene (ET), indicated that ET and SA are highly involved in the potentiation of TYLCV-induced defense against RKN. To validate the action of SA and ET in the induction of defense against RKN by TYLCV, transgenic lines deficient in SA (NahG) and ET (ACD) accumulation were co-inoculated with TYLCV and RKN. Both transgenic lines failed to express TYLCV-induced defense against RKN. These findings demonstrate an antagonistic effect of TYLCV against RKN in tomato plants, mediated by SA and ET signaling pathways.

在自然界中，植物同时受到多种病原体感染的情况很常见，而破译这种相互作用的内在机制却一直是个难题。根结线虫（RKN）、Meloidogyne incognita 和番茄黄卷叶病毒（TYLCV；Begomovirus coheni）在大多数番茄种植区都有发生。我们从表型、生化和基因表达水平研究了番茄植株中 RKN 和 TYLCV 之间的相互作用。我们考虑了几种处理方法，包括模拟接种、单独接种 TYLCV 或 RKN、同时接种 TYLCV 和 RKN 以及间隔五天接种。其中，与模拟接种的植株相比，同时接种对 RKN 的抑制作用最大。时间点实验中的生化分析表明，植物防御能力的提高发生在接种后的 48 小时和 72 小时。利用参与植物防御的主要激素途径（包括水杨酸（SA）、茉莉酸（JA）和乙烯（ET））的标记基因进行的基因表达分析表明，ET 和 SA 高度参与了 TYLCV 诱导的对 RKN 防御的增效作用。为了验证 SA 和 ET 在 TYLCV 诱导 RKN 防御过程中的作用，将 SA（NahG）和 ET（ACD）积累缺陷的转基因品系与 TYLCV 和 RKN 共同接种。这两个转基因品系都不能表达 TYLCV 诱导的对 RKN 的防御。这些研究结果表明，TYLCV 对番茄植株中的 RKN 具有拮抗作用，这种作用由 SA 和 ET 信号途径介导。

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引用次数: 0

Plant anthocyanins: Classification, biosynthesis, regulation, bioactivity, and health benefits 植物花青素：分类、生物合成、调节、生物活性和保健作用。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109268

Zhaogeng Lu , Xinwen Wang , Xinyi Lin , Salma Mostafa , Helin Zou , Li Wang , Biao Jin

Anthocyanins are naturally water-soluble pigments of plants, which can be pink, orange, red, purple, or blue. Anthocyanins belong to a subcategory of flavonoids known as polyphenols and are consumed in plant-based foods. The antioxidant properties of anthocyanins benefit human health. However, there has been no comprehensive review of the classification, distribution, and biosynthesis of anthocyanins and their regulation in plants, along with their potential health benefits. In this review, we provide a systematic synthesis of recent progress in anthocyanin research, specifically focusing on the classification, biosynthetic pathways, regulatory mechanisms, bioactivity, and health benefits. We bridge the gaps in understanding anthocyanin biological significance and potential applications. Furthermore, we discuss future directions for anthocyanin research, such as biotechnology, bioavailability, and the integration of artificial intelligence. We highlight pivotal research questions that warrant further exploration in the field of anthocyanin research.

花青素是植物的天然水溶性色素，可以是粉色、橙色、红色、紫色或蓝色。花青素属于类黄酮的一个亚类，被称为多酚，可在植物性食品中摄取。花青素的抗氧化特性有益于人类健康。然而，关于花青素的分类、分布、生物合成及其在植物中的调控，以及它们对健康的潜在益处，目前还没有全面的综述。在这篇综述中，我们系统地综述了花青素研究的最新进展，尤其侧重于花青素的分类、生物合成途径、调控机制、生物活性和对健康的益处。我们弥补了花青素生物学意义和潜在应用方面的空白。此外，我们还讨论了花青素研究的未来方向，如生物技术、生物利用率和人工智能的整合。我们强调了花青素研究领域值得进一步探索的关键研究问题。

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引用次数: 0

The plant SMC5/6 complex: DNA repair, developmental regulation, and immune responses 植物 SMC5/6 复合物：DNA 修复、发育调节和免疫反应

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109267

Yan Zhao , Jian Zhang , Yiru Fang , Pingxian Zhang , Hanchen Chen

The Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes 5/6 (SMC5/6) complex plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the structural integrity and morphology of chromosomes, thereby contributing to genomic stability—a cornerstone for normal growth and development across organisms. Beyond its fundamental role in eukaryotic DNA damage repair, recent research has broadened our understanding of SMC5/6's multifaceted functions. It has emerged as a crucial regulator not only of the cell cycle but also in developmental processes, plant immunity, and meiotic DNA damage repair. In this review, we highlight its novel roles in modulating plant growth, development, and immunity, providing fresh perspectives on how this complex might help combat DNA damage stress and orchestrate growth strategies. Furthermore, we emphasize that SMC5/6 offers a unique window into the intricate mechanisms underlying genomic maintenance, development, and stress responses, with profound implications for crop improvement.

染色体 5/6（SMC5/6）结构维持复合体在保护染色体结构完整性和形态方面发挥着关键作用，从而促进了基因组稳定性--这是生物体正常生长和发育的基石。除了在真核生物 DNA 损伤修复中的基本作用外，最近的研究拓宽了我们对 SMC5/6 多方面功能的认识。它不仅是细胞周期的关键调节因子，还是发育过程、植物免疫和减数分裂 DNA 损伤修复的关键调节因子。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了它在调节植物生长、发育和免疫方面的新作用，为这一复合体如何帮助对抗 DNA 损伤压力和协调生长策略提供了新的视角。此外，我们还强调，SMC5/6 为了解基因组维护、发育和应激反应的复杂机制提供了一个独特的窗口，对作物改良具有深远的影响。

引用次数: 0

Effects of water deficit on two cultivars of Hibiscus mutabilis: A comprehensive study on morphological, physiological, and metabolic responses 缺水对变异木槿两个栽培品种的影响：形态、生理和代谢反应的综合研究。

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109269

Lu Zhang , Qian Xu , Xue Yong , Mengxi Wu , Beibei Jiang , Yin Jia , Jiao Ma , Lisha Mou , Shengwen Tang , Yuanzhi Pan

Hibiscus mutabilis, commonly known as the cotton rose, is a widely cultivated ornamental and has been acclaimed as the representative flower of the 2024 World Horticultural Exposition. The growth and ornamental characteristics of Hibiscus mutabilis can be affected by drought stress. Therefore, we investigated the physiological and metabolic responses of drought-sensitive Hibiscus mutabilis JRX-1 and drought-tolerant Hibiscus mutabilis CDS-4 under drought stress. The results of the physiological analyses revealed that, compared to JRX-1,CDS-4 maintained good growth and greater water use efficiency through stronger antioxidant defences, osmoregulatory capacity and stomatal regulation. A total of 3277 metabolites were identified in positive and negative ion modes, of which 663 metabolites presented changes in expression under drought conditions, including 306 upregulated metabolites and 357 downregulated metabolites. Secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids and diterpenoids, are crucial in the plant response to drought stress. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the differentially aboundant metabolites were significantly enriched in the pathways valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation; linoleic acid metabolism; one carbon pool by folate; and folate biosynthesis. The results of this study will not only help to elucidate and apply the physiological and metabolic regulatory strategies of Hibiscus mutabilis to improve its adaptation to water deficit conditions, but will also provide valuable guidance to breeders and molecular biologists in the screening and use of drought resistant genes in ornamental plants.

木芙蓉（Hibiscus mutabilis）俗称棉花玫瑰，是一种广泛栽培的观赏植物，被誉为 2024 年世界园艺博览会的代表花卉。干旱胁迫会影响木芙蓉的生长和观赏特性。因此，我们研究了干旱胁迫下对干旱敏感的变异木槿JRX-1和耐旱的变异木槿CDS-4的生理和代谢反应。生理分析结果表明，与JRX-1相比，CDS-4通过更强的抗氧化防御能力、渗透调节能力和气孔调节能力，保持了良好的生长和更高的水分利用效率。正负离子模式共鉴定出 3277 个代谢物，其中 663 个代谢物在干旱条件下表达发生了变化，包括 306 个上调代谢物和 357 个下调代谢物。黄酮类和二萜类等次生代谢物是植物应对干旱胁迫的关键。京都基因组百科全书》（KEGG）通路分析表明，差异丰度代谢物显著富集在缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸降解；亚油酸代谢；叶酸一碳池；叶酸生物合成等通路中。本研究的结果不仅有助于阐明和应用变异木槿的生理代谢调控策略，提高其对水分亏缺条件的适应性，还将为育种家和分子生物学家筛选和利用观赏植物的抗旱基因提供有价值的指导。

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